topic_name stringlengths 3 135 ⌀ | id stringlengths 36 36 | explanation stringlengths 1 22.5k ⌀ | subject_name stringclasses 21
values | data dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Urinary tract | e9ad821a-c438-4965-9f77-760819dfa155 | Chronic urethral obstruction because of urinary calculi, prostatic hyperophy, tumors, normal pregnancy, tumors, uterine prolapse or functional disorders cause hydronephrosis which by definition is used to describe dilatation of renal pelvis and calculus associated with progressive atrophy of the kidney due to obstructi... | Anatomy | {
"Correct Answer": "Atrophy",
"Correct Option": "C",
"Options": {
"A": "Hyperplasia",
"B": "Hyperophy",
"C": "Atrophy",
"D": "Dyplasia"
},
"Question": "Chronic urethral obstruction due to benign prismatic hyperplasia can lead to the following change in kidney parenchyma"
} |
Vitamins and Minerals | e3d3c4e1-4fb2-45e7-9f88-247cc8f373b3 | Ans. (c) Vitamin B12 Ref: Harrison's 19th ed. P 640* Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) is synthesized solely by microorganisms.* In humans, the only source for humans is food of animal origin, e.g., meat, fish, and dairy products.* Vegetables, fruits, and other foods of nonanimal origin doesn't contain Vitamin B12 .* Daily requi... | Biochemistry | {
"Correct Answer": "Vitamin B12",
"Correct Option": "C",
"Options": {
"A": "Vitamin C",
"B": "Vitamin B7",
"C": "Vitamin B12",
"D": "Vitamin D"
},
"Question": "Which vitamin is supplied from only animal source:"
} |
Surgical Treatment Obesity | 5c38bea6-787a-44a9-b2df-88f4218ab914 | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Roux en Y Duodenal Bypass Bariatric surgical procedures include:a. Vertical banded gastroplastyb. Adjustable gastric bandingc. Roux-en Y gastric bypass (Not - Roux-en Y Duodenal Bypass)d. Biliopancreatic diversione. Duodenal switcho The surgical treatment of morbid obesity is known as bariatric surger... | Surgery | {
"Correct Answer": "Roux en Y Duodenal By pass",
"Correct Option": "D",
"Options": {
"A": "Adjustable gastric banding",
"B": "Biliopancreatic diversion",
"C": "Duodenal Switch",
"D": "Roux en Y Duodenal By pass"
},
"Question": "All of the following are surgical options for morbid obesity exce... |
null | cdeedb04-fbe9-432c-937c-d53ac24475de | The central aery of the retina is a branch of the ophthalmic aery. It is the sole blood supply to the retina; it has no significant collateral circulation and blockage of this vessel leads to blindness. The branches of this aery are what you view during a fundoscopic exam. Note: The infraorbital aery is a branch of the... | Ophthalmology | {
"Correct Answer": "Central aery of the retina",
"Correct Option": "A",
"Options": {
"A": "Central aery of the retina",
"B": "Infraorbital aery",
"C": "Lacrimal aery",
"D": "Nasociliary aretry"
},
"Question": "Following endaerectomy on the right common carotid, a patient is found to be blind ... |
null | dc6794a3-b108-47c5-8b1b-3b4931577249 | Ans. is 'b' i.e., IGI-1GH has two major functions :-i) Growth of skeletal system :- The growth is mediated by somatomedins (IGF). Increased deposition of cailage (including chondroitin sulfate) and bone with increased proliferation of chondrocytes and osteocytes.ii) Metabolic effects :- Most of the metabolic effects ar... | Physiology | {
"Correct Answer": "IG1-1",
"Correct Option": "B",
"Options": {
"A": "Directly",
"B": "IG1-1",
"C": "Thyroxine",
"D": "Intranuclear receptors"
},
"Question": "Growth hormone has its effect on growth through?"
} |
null | 5ab84ea8-12d1-47d4-ab22-668ebf01e64c | Ans. C i.e. Mite | Social & Preventive Medicine | {
"Correct Answer": "Mite",
"Correct Option": "C",
"Options": {
"A": "Louse",
"B": "Tick",
"C": "Mite",
"D": "Milk"
},
"Question": "Scrub typhus is transmitted by: September 2004"
} |
null | a83de6e4-9427-4480-b404-d96621ebb640 | Abnormal vascular pattern include punctation, mosaicism and atypical vessels. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | {
"Correct Answer": "Satellite lesions",
"Correct Option": "C",
"Options": {
"A": "Punctation",
"B": "Mosaicism",
"C": "Satellite lesions",
"D": "Atypical vessels"
},
"Question": "Abnormal vascular patterns seen with colposcopy in case of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia are all except"
} |
Urology | f3bf8583-231b-4b7a-828c-179b0f9ccdd9 | PILONIDAL SINUS/DISEASE (Jeep Bottom; Driver's Bottom) Pilus--hair; Nidus--nest It is epithelium lined tract, situated sho distance behind the anus, containing hairs and unhealthy diseased granula- tion tissue. It is due to penetration of hairs through the skin into subcutaneous tissue. It forms granuloma/unhealthy gra... | Surgery | {
"Correct Answer": "Pilonidal sinus",
"Correct Option": "C",
"Options": {
"A": "Anal fissure",
"B": "Hemorrhoid",
"C": "Pilonidal sinus",
"D": "Rectal ulcer"
},
"Question": "Per rectum examination is not a useful test for diagnosis of"
} |
null | 73515f05-e947-4801-8077-3abdeca95c84 | Remifentanil is the shortest acting opioid due to its metabolism by plasma esterase → dose adjustment is not needed in liver or kidney disease. It is more potent than alfentanil : Order of potency is Sufentanil > Fentanyl = Remifentanil > Alfentanil. | Anaesthesia | {
"Correct Answer": "abc",
"Correct Option": "C",
"Options": {
"A": "ab",
"B": "bc",
"C": "abc",
"D": "bcd"
},
"Question": "Characteristics of Remifentanyl – a) Metabolised by plasma esteraseb) Short half lifec) More potent than Alfentanyld) Dose reduced in hepatic and renal diseasee) Duration... |
null | 53f79833-21b0-4336-8ef4-404c687ec807 | Ans. C. Deficit of expression by gestureHypomimiaHypomimia or amimia is a deficit or absence of expression by gesture or mimicry.This is usually most obvious as a lack of facial expressive mobility (mask - like facies).This is a feature of frontal subcoical disease. | Psychiatry | {
"Correct Answer": "Deficit of expression by gesture",
"Correct Option": "C",
"Options": {
"A": "Decreased ability to copy",
"B": "Decreased execution",
"C": "Deficit of expression by gesture",
"D": "Deficit of fluent speech"
},
"Question": "Hypomimia is ?"
} |
Bacteriology | b3d1eb6c-3909-4011-ad10-d55538b81456 | Nagler's reaction - when Clostridium perfringens is grown in media containing 6 % agar, 5% Fildes peptic digest of sheep blood and 20% human serum, with antitoxin spread on one half of plate, colonies in the other half without antitoxin will be surrounded by a zone of opacity. No opacity around the colonies on the half... | Microbiology | {
"Correct Answer": "Clostridium perfringens",
"Correct Option": "C",
"Options": {
"A": "Clostridium tetani",
"B": "Clostridium botulinum",
"C": "Clostridium perfringens",
"D": "Clostridium septicum"
},
"Question": "Naglers reaction is shown by"
} |
null | e529be7c-f360-4dba-b313-7f3fc240697a | Here statement 1 & 3 are wrong. It is actually a direct pick from harrison, an impoant topic for entrance examinations hirsutism is seen in 10% of woman. Acromegaly rarely causes hirsutism. Ref: Harrisons Principles of Medicine, 18th Edition, Pages 380-382 | Medicine | {
"Correct Answer": "2, 4, 5 True & 1, 3 false",
"Correct Option": "C",
"Options": {
"A": "1, 2, 3 True & 4, 5 false",
"B": "1, 3, 5 True & 2, 4 false",
"C": "2, 4, 5 True & 1, 3 false",
"D": "1, 2, 3, 4 True & 5 false"
},
"Question": "Which of the following statements are True/False? 1. Hirsu... |
General anatomy | 4e6de6fe-8c69-4553-827d-417ce597f3ac | One of the most impoant pharmacokinetic changes associated with aging is decreased renal elimination of drugs. After age 40, creatinine clearance decreases an average of 8 mL/min/1.73 m2/decade; however, the age-related decrease varies substantially from person to person. Serum creatinine levels often remain within nor... | Anatomy | {
"Correct Answer": "Renal clearance",
"Correct Option": "C",
"Options": {
"A": "Gastric absorption",
"B": "Liver metabolism",
"C": "Renal clearance",
"D": "Hypersensitivity"
},
"Question": "The pharmakokinetic change occurring in geriatric patient is due to"
} |
general microbiology | d64eabcf-da66-438f-a53f-7137d3bba9dd | Lag phase: Immediately following the seeding of a culture medium, there is no appreciable number, though there may be an increase in the size of the cells. This initial period is the time required for the adaptation to the new environment, during which the necessary enzymes and metabolic intermediates are built up in a... | Microbiology | {
"Correct Answer": "Time taken to adpt in the new environment",
"Correct Option": "A",
"Options": {
"A": "Time taken to adpt in the new environment",
"B": "Growth occurs exponentially",
"C": "The plateau in lag phase is due to cell death",
"D": "It is the 2nd phase in bacterial growth curve"
},... |
null | 35a7eac4-fd96-4184-9a5f-86bba82a5b62 | Urine microscopy for malignant cytology "Painless haematuria is by far the most common symptom of bladder cancer and should be regarded as indicative of a bladder carcinoma until proven otherwise." Bailey & Love 25/e p1336 (24/e p1363) Cigarette smoking is the main etiological factor and accounts ,for about 50% of blad... | Surgery | {
"Correct Answer": "Urine microscopy for malignant cytology cells",
"Correct Option": "D",
"Options": {
"A": "USG",
"B": "X-ray KUB",
"C": "Urine routine",
"D": "Urine microscopy for malignant cytology cells"
},
"Question": "A 60 yr old chronic smoker presents with painless gross hematuria of... |
null | fabd82e2-8b86-429a-8adb-ac46dde1aba6 | null | Pharmacology | {
"Correct Answer": "Adenosine receptors",
"Correct Option": "C",
"Options": {
"A": "Histamine receptors",
"B": "Bradykinin receptors",
"C": "Adenosine receptors",
"D": "Imidazoline receptors"
},
"Question": "With which of the following receptors theophylline has an antagonistic interaction ?"... |
General anatomy | f79a972f-3611-4cdc-837e-ce2f9393f592 | Ref William hematology 6/e p1268 The term cryoglobulinemia refers to the presence in the serum of proteins that precipitate at temperatures below 37 degrees C and redissolve on rewarming. ... The elective treatment for hyperviscosity syndrome, whether associated with monoclonal, mixed, or polyclonalcryoglobulinemia, is... | Anatomy | {
"Correct Answer": "Cryoglobulinemia",
"Correct Option": "A",
"Options": {
"A": "Cryoglobulinemia",
"B": "Multiple myeloma",
"C": "MGUS",
"D": "Lymphoma"
},
"Question": "Hyper viscosity is seen in"
} |
Biostatistics | b1a4e1b8-fb3d-40e4-9da7-ebc8a9c0963b | A distribution is negatively skewed, or skewed to the left, if the scores fall toward the higher side of the scale and there are very few low scores. In positively skewed distributions, the mean is usually greater than the median, which is always greater than the mode. Ref : | Social & Preventive Medicine | {
"Correct Answer": "Mean",
"Correct Option": "A",
"Options": {
"A": "Mean",
"B": "Mode",
"C": "Median",
"D": "All are equal"
},
"Question": "For a positively skewed curve which measure of central tendency is largest"
} |
null | 26ac2e3d-bbd7-44d6-968a-feeb54cf1a92 | Maturation (cement)—The process of hardening a cement matrix through hydration with oral fluids to achieve greater mechanical strength.
Ref: Phillip’s Science of Dental Materials ed 12 pg 309 | Dental | {
"Correct Answer": "Maturation",
"Correct Option": "A",
"Options": {
"A": "Maturation",
"B": "Setting",
"C": "Hardening",
"D": "Mineralization"
},
"Question": "The process of hardening a cement matrix through hydration with oral fluids to achieve greater mechanical strength is known as:"
} |
Embryology | 56b5a2d2-044c-4b80-b778-6fa762206f52 | Ans. C Cardinal veinRef; hangman's essesntial medical Embroyology pg. 57# During early embryonic development (through 4th week), paired cardinal veins drain the body. Anterior cardinal veins drain the head and upper limb buds, while posterior cardinal veins drain the body. Both the anterior and posterior veins on each ... | Anatomy | {
"Correct Answer": "Cardinal vein",
"Correct Option": "C",
"Options": {
"A": "Aortic arch",
"B": "Pharyngeal arch",
"C": "Cardinal vein",
"D": "Vitelline vein"
},
"Question": "Superior vena cava is derived from:"
} |
Testis & Scrotum | 9ecbc05b-b255-47b5-b7b1-bf55f0f21abd | Ans) a (Abdominal aorta ....) Ref Chaurasia vol 2 pg 186Testicular artery is a branch of abdominal aorta given off at the level of vertebrae L2.Venous drainageVeins emerging from the testis forms pampiniform plexus. Plexus condenses into 4 veins at the superficial inguinal ring & into 2 veins at the deep inguinal ring.... | Surgery | {
"Correct Answer": "Abdominal aorta below renal artery",
"Correct Option": "A",
"Options": {
"A": "Abdominal aorta below renal artery",
"B": "Renal artery",
"C": "Internal iliac artery",
"D": "Ext iliac artery"
},
"Question": "Testicular artery usually arises from"
} |
null | 2583b8c8-aeaa-47c0-86fb-5efc9f386de6 | The vocal fold of the excised larynx is known to be located at an intermediate position(the so-called cadaver position). | ENT | {
"Correct Answer": "Intermediate",
"Correct Option": "C",
"Options": {
"A": "Median",
"B": "Paramedian",
"C": "Intermediate",
"D": "Full Abduction"
},
"Question": "Position of vocal cord in cadaver is:"
} |
null | e9038cb9-56db-473d-9d3f-440f130295ec | null | Microbiology | {
"Correct Answer": "Treponema pallidum",
"Correct Option": "B",
"Options": {
"A": "Leptospira",
"B": "Treponema pallidum",
"C": "Bordetella",
"D": "Staphylococcus"
},
"Question": "Organisms that has not been cultured successfully so far is-"
} |
Non communicable diseases | b77af8ce-2e9c-4979-a544-a2331f86f6b1 | WHO CUT-OFF POINTS OF WHR Indicator CUT-OFF points Risk of metabolic complications Waist circumference >94 cm (M) >80 cm (W) Increased Hip cirrcumference >102 cm (M) >88 cm (W) Substantially increased Waist-Hip ratio >= 0.95(M) >= 0.80(W) Substantially increased Ref: Park 23rd edition Pgno : 400 WC & WHR, WHO Consultat... | Social & Preventive Medicine | {
"Correct Answer": "0.8",
"Correct Option": "B",
"Options": {
"A": "0.7",
"B": "0.8",
"C": "0.9",
"D": "1"
},
"Question": "Normal waist hip ratio of a female is below"
} |
Kidney | f5df7424-6485-43fa-ba98-6de498561a76 | Chronic pyelonephritis is characterized by renal inflammation and scarring induced by recurrent or persistent renal infection, vesicoureteral reflux, or other causes of urinary tract obstruction. VUR is a congenital condition that results from incompetence of the ureterovesical valve due to a sho intramural segment Ref... | Medicine | {
"Correct Answer": "Vesicoureteral reflux induced pyelonephritis",
"Correct Option": "C",
"Options": {
"A": "Trauma",
"B": "Tuberculosis",
"C": "Vesicoureteral reflux induced pyelonephritis",
"D": "Interstitial nephritis"
},
"Question": "The most common cause of renal scaring in a 3 year old ... |
Poisoning | 99ae24e6-10c3-48b5-8c69-a8784ce4a4fc | All patients with a history of snake bite should be observed for 8-12 h after the bite, if the skin is broken and the offending snake cannot be positively identified as non-poisonous. Ref: Krishnan vij ; 5th ed; Page no: 484 | Forensic Medicine | {
"Correct Answer": "Wait and watch",
"Correct Option": "B",
"Options": {
"A": "Incision and suction",
"B": "Wait and watch",
"C": "Local subcutaneous antisnake venom",
"D": "Intravenous antisnake venom"
},
"Question": "A 6hours old snake bite patient comes to emergency with mild local edema a... |
null | a822c6ea-6cfd-44c1-890f-6fac4b97e16d | Intracranial CSF leaks cause bacterial meningitis, about 80% are caused by S. Pneumoniae. Other causative organisms are meningococcus, Hemophilus species and S.aurues. Ref: Clinical Pediatric Neurology By Ronald B. David, Page 217 | Pediatrics | {
"Correct Answer": "Pneumococci",
"Correct Option": "B",
"Options": {
"A": "Meningococci",
"B": "Pneumococci",
"C": "Hemophilus Influenza",
"D": "E. Coli"
},
"Question": "Which of the following agents is most commonly associated with recurrent meningitis due to CSF leaks?"
} |
Facial Nerve And Its Disorders | 69e9312c-9be5-4efe-a981-6bd7be0ef65b | (b) Facial nerve repair(Ref. Scott Brown, 6th ed., 1404)Since generally following trauma the facial nerve injury occurs as sudden onset. Facial decompression should be the best option. | ENT | {
"Correct Answer": "Facial nerve repair",
"Correct Option": "B",
"Options": {
"A": "Facial sling",
"B": "Facial nerve repair",
"C": "Conservative management",
"D": "Systemic corticosteroids"
},
"Question": "Treatment of choice in traumatic facial nerve injury is:"
} |
null | 108ff605-0712-4a5b-8a74-aa8cbefc3d07 | Ans. B i.e. Demonstrations Demonstration involves showing by reason or proof explaining or making clear by use of examples or experiments. Put more simply, demonstration means to clearly show | Social & Preventive Medicine | {
"Correct Answer": "Demonstrations",
"Correct Option": "B",
"Options": {
"A": "Chalk and talk/Lecture",
"B": "Demonstrations",
"C": "Role play",
"D": "Flash cards"
},
"Question": "What is the best method of informing the rural population about Oral rehydration technique: March 2013 (d, f)"
} |
null | 24b17b1d-0dac-4da1-b215-22451784b9b6 | null | Anatomy | {
"Correct Answer": "Basal vessel.",
"Correct Option": "A",
"Options": {
"A": "Basal vessel.",
"B": "Marginal vessel.",
"C": "Central vessel.",
"D": "Lateral vessel."
},
"Question": "Lymph vessel which drain the posterior 1/3 rd of the tongue:"
} |
null | e7f60d58-db4c-4067-981b-2988a9de88ff | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Age < 3 years Post operative nausea and vomiting (PONY) following strabismus surgery It can cause post - op wound dehiscence, hematoma, orbital hemorrhage and aspiration. 30 % of all procedures are associated with PONV. Major risk factors are: Age > 3years Duration of anesthesia > 30 mins Personal or ... | Anaesthesia | {
"Correct Answer": "Age < 3years",
"Correct Option": "A",
"Options": {
"A": "Age < 3years",
"B": "Duration of anesthesia > 30 mins",
"C": "Personal or family history of post - op nausea and vomiting",
"D": "Personal or family history of motion sickness"
},
"Question": "Risk factors associated... |
null | 7f11c629-b766-486f-a98e-6de0a2be8ae3 | null | Orthopaedics | {
"Correct Answer": "Involves Epiphyseal plate",
"Correct Option": "C",
"Options": {
"A": "Common in children",
"B": "Severe pain",
"C": "Involves Epiphyseal plate",
"D": "Treatment involves 6 weeks of Antibiotics"
},
"Question": "All are True about Acute Osteomyelitis except"
} |
Spos Injury | 7a14deed-5c09-443b-9221-10f3a70fb6a4 | Standard poals in knee ahroscopy Anterolateral poal Almost all the structures within the knee joint can be seen except- posterior cruciate ligament anterior poion of the lateral meniscus periphery of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus in tight knees. Anteromedial poal Additional viewing of lateral compament Post... | Orthopaedics | {
"Correct Answer": "To see patellofemoral aiculation",
"Correct Option": "A",
"Options": {
"A": "To see patellofemoral aiculation",
"B": "To see the posterior cruciate ligament",
"C": "To see the anterior poion of lateral meniscus",
"D": "To see the periphery of the posterior horn of medial menis... |
Miscellaneous (Obs) | 05e92aa4-f149-49d2-bfb3-48263f7de421 | Ans. C. Most common in non-pregnant womenCandidiasis is caused by Candida albinism which thrives in an acidic medium with an abundant supply of carbohydrates. It is found commonly in pregnancy, and in patients on oral contraceptives, antibiotics and. corticosteroids. It is also seen in patients with diabetes. It causes... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | {
"Correct Answer": "Most common in non-pregnant women",
"Correct Option": "C",
"Options": {
"A": "Cottage cheese like secretions are seen",
"B": "Intense pruritus",
"C": "Most common in non-pregnant women",
"D": "Buds and hyphae seen in KOH preparation"
},
"Question": "Regarding vaginal candi... |
null | d27fbb91-ef90-4092-9175-636be25c357f | Left lateral decubitus view demonstrates the air between dense shadow of liver and the abdominal wall. | Radiology | {
"Correct Answer": "Left lateral decubitus view",
"Correct Option": "A",
"Options": {
"A": "Left lateral decubitus view",
"B": "Right lateral decubitus view",
"C": "Supine",
"D": "Prone"
},
"Question": "25 year old patient Suspected to have a pneumoperitoneum. Patient is unable to stand. Best... |
Mycology | 2b42ac45-27a8-4304-b28d-7554722e76ba | Aspergillus species are widely distributed on decaying plants, producing chains of conidia. Aspergillus species unlike Candida species do not form the pa of normal flora of humans. They are ubiquitous in the environment; hence transmission of infection is mostly exogenous. Aspergillus transmission occurs by inhalation ... | Microbiology | {
"Correct Answer": "Lungs",
"Correct Option": "C",
"Options": {
"A": "Puncture wound",
"B": "Blood",
"C": "Lungs",
"D": "Gastrointestinal tract"
},
"Question": "What is the most probable poal of entry of Aspergillus?"
} |
null | 836756cc-2b92-483b-a8cc-302b578a9eaa | Ans. is 'c' i.e., KaryotypingTOF has been associated with untreated maternal diabetes, phenylketonuria, and intake of retinoic acid.Associated chromosomal anomalies occur in 30% cases and include trisomies 21, 18, 13 and 22q11 microdeletion, especially in pulmonary atresia and absent pulmonary valve syndrome (APVS).The... | Pediatrics | {
"Correct Answer": "Karyotyping",
"Correct Option": "C",
"Options": {
"A": "Balloon valvotomy",
"B": "Open hea surgery",
"C": "Karyotyping",
"D": "Aspirin"
},
"Question": "For TOF management in antenatal period includes ?"
} |
Anatomy of Bone & Fracture Healing | 08255d75-8015-4389-b7ce-7621634c98d2 | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Calcification of discAlkaptonuria# It is due to deficiency of homogentisate oxidase. As a result homogentisic acid (homogentisate) is excreted execessively in urine, There are three important characteristic features in alkaptonuria-Urine becomes dark after being exposed to air. It is due spontaneous o... | Orthopaedics | {
"Correct Answer": "Calcification of disc",
"Correct Option": "A",
"Options": {
"A": "Calcification of disc",
"B": "Bamboo spine",
"C": "Increased disc space",
"D": "None"
},
"Question": "What change will be seen in vertebral column in ochronosis-"
} |
null | 55b3bce3-3a08-4770-a6c6-c416160de22e | null | Dental | {
"Correct Answer": "Class - 2",
"Correct Option": "B",
"Options": {
"A": "Class - 1",
"B": "Class - 2",
"C": "Class - 3",
"D": "Class - 4"
},
"Question": "If solid line represent the rigid height, then the following diagram with excessive inter arch space is classified in?"
} |
null | 476a3ecd-7c42-4c85-9982-1ce80c95ab82 | Ans. is b' i.e., Mean-Mode Measures of Skewness o There are following measures of skewness 1. Karl pearson's measure The formula for measuring skewness is divided into a) absolute measure Skewness = Mean - Mode b) relative measure The relative measure is known as the Coefficient of Skewness and is more frequently used ... | Social & Preventive Medicine | {
"Correct Answer": "Mean - Mode/ SD",
"Correct Option": "B",
"Options": {
"A": "Mode - Mean/ SD",
"B": "Mean - Mode/ SD",
"C": "SD/Mode - mean",
"D": "Mean - Mode/ SD"
},
"Question": "Pearsonian measure of skewness -"
} |
null | 509f300d-f354-48fb-a2c9-fb1a55cb8e00 | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Corneal ulceration | Ophthalmology | {
"Correct Answer": "Corneal ulceration",
"Correct Option": "D",
"Options": {
"A": "Angle closure glaucoma",
"B": "Endophthalmitis",
"C": "Central serous retinopathy",
"D": "Corneal ulceration"
},
"Question": "Following are the causes of sudden loss of vision except ?"
} |
General anatomy | cb8dbb33-9f74-4e01-8ac3-fe295178d2a1 | Red pulp and White pulp are present in spleenHistologically, a lymph node is subdivided into three regions: coex, paracoex, and medulla. All three regions have a rich supply of sinusoids, enlarged endothelially lined spaces through which lymph percolates.The afferent lymph vessels pierce the capsule on the convex surfa... | Anatomy | {
"Correct Answer": "Red pulp and White pulp are present",
"Correct Option": "D",
"Options": {
"A": "Subcapsular sinus present",
"B": "Both Efferent and Afferent are present",
"C": "Coex and Medulla are present",
"D": "Red pulp and White pulp are present"
},
"Question": "All of the following a... |
Cerebrum | 21ab1846-bbea-4bca-bd03-8933fa61ea5d | Ans. is 'a' i.e Rt. Leg and perineum Paracentral lobule:On the medial surface of cerebral hemisphere, the U shaped gyrus around the end of the central sulcus is the paracentral lobule.Motor cortex is located in the precentral gyrus on the superolateral surface of the hemisphere and in the anterior part of the paracentr... | Anatomy | {
"Correct Answer": "Rt. Leg and perineus",
"Correct Option": "A",
"Options": {
"A": "Rt. Leg and perineus",
"B": "Left face",
"C": "Right face",
"D": "Right shoulder & trunk"
},
"Question": "During Sx for meningioma, the left paracentral lobule was injured. It would lead to paresis of"
} |
Trauma | af3f9375-99f2-4495-8e66-c875d70c9612 | Chronic Subdural Empyema It may be primary infection of subdural space from sinusitis focus causing suppuration and pus formation. It can be complication of the chronic subdural haematoma. It is due to secondary bacterial infection of collected clot/fluid. Infection is from sinusitis scalp (common)/through earlier trau... | Surgery | {
"Correct Answer": "H. influenza",
"Correct Option": "A",
"Options": {
"A": "H. influenza",
"B": "Neisseria meningitits",
"C": "Streptococcus pneumonia",
"D": "Enterococcus"
},
"Question": "Which of the following bacterial meningitis is associated with sudural effusion?"
} |
Reversible Cell Injury | af913acc-4ca3-4266-a199-86b667524325 | The increased size of the cells is due to the synthesis and assembly of additional intracellular structural components. Hyperophy refers to an increase in the size of cells, which results in an increase in the size of the affected organ. Cells capable of division may respond to stress by undergoing both hyperplasia and... | Pathology | {
"Correct Answer": "There is an increase in the number of cells.",
"Correct Option": "D",
"Options": {
"A": "Occurs due to synthesis and assembly of additional intracellular components.",
"B": "There is an increase in the size of the cells.",
"C": "Cells capable of division respond to stress by hyper... |
null | 90c75fdd-c6c6-4320-8411-9a5a750b5c5d | A i.e. Na+ | Physiology | {
"Correct Answer": "Na+",
"Correct Option": "A",
"Options": {
"A": "Na+",
"B": "Ca++",
"C": "K+",
"D": "Cl-"
},
"Question": "Glucose sympo occurs with:"
} |
null | 4fb5da8e-6fa9-4308-829d-bef54d70af7c | null | Medicine | {
"Correct Answer": "Worsen on exposure to heat",
"Correct Option": "C",
"Options": {
"A": "Can leads to sudden bilateral blindness",
"B": "More corrunon in females",
"C": "Worsen on exposure to heat",
"D": "Mostly affects elderly"
},
"Question": "All are true about temporal arteritis except -... |
null | 9595ba1f-bc34-42ab-8603-45961b925ad0 | null | Medicine | {
"Correct Answer": "Hemodialysis",
"Correct Option": "A",
"Options": {
"A": "Hemodialysis",
"B": "Sodium bicarbonate infusion",
"C": "Insulin and glucose infusion",
"D": "Intravenous calcium gluconate"
},
"Question": "Of the various modalities used in the treatment of re-threatening effects o... |
Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids and Eicosanoids | b801715b-75b9-41bd-8f3c-828469d01266 | Ans : B (NAD+) & C (NADPH) In chronic alcoholism rate limiting component for alcohol metabolism is NAD* & NADPHOxidation of ethanol by alcohol dehydrogenaseQ & NADQ leads to excess production of NADHSome metabolism of ethanol takes place via a cytochrome P450 dependent microsomal ethanol oxidising systme (MEOS) Q invol... | Biochemistry | {
"Correct Answer": "NAD+",
"Correct Option": "B",
"Options": {
"A": "NADP",
"B": "NAD+",
"C": "NADPH",
"D": "FADH"
},
"Question": "In chronic alcoholism the rate limiting component for alcohol metabolism excluding enzymes is/are : (PGI Dec 2008)"
} |
Other NHPs | 12b668e8-af03-47d7-bc80-41dec978da4d | National Iodine deficiency disorder programme , 1992: - National goitre control programme, 1962 is conveed to NIDDCP, 1992 - Impact indicators: Major indicator - Urinary iodine excretion levels ( generally measured in pregnant women over 24hrs) Others - Neonatal hypothyroidism , Goitre - Level of salt iodinisation: 30 ... | Social & Preventive Medicine | {
"Correct Answer": "15 ppm",
"Correct Option": "C",
"Options": {
"A": "5 ppm",
"B": "30 ppm",
"C": "15 ppm",
"D": "20 ppm"
},
"Question": "Minimum level of iodine iodized salt reaching the consumer level according to iodine programme should be:-"
} |
Concept of Health and Disease | 8a72ed74-b546-481b-bf0c-0c812ce2f3df | (A1I of the above) (54- Park 20th)Specific death rates - may be (a) cause or disease specific e.g. TB, cancer, accidents (b) Related to specific groups e.g. age specific, sex specific, age and sex specific etc.* Rates can also be made specific for many others variables such as income, religion, race, housing etc.* Spec... | Social & Preventive Medicine | {
"Correct Answer": "All of the above",
"Correct Option": "D",
"Options": {
"A": "Specific for age and sex",
"B": "Identify particular group or groups \"at risk\" for preventive action",
"C": "Find out cause or disease specific",
"D": "All of the above"
},
"Question": "True statement regarding... |
Communicable diseases | 6d21ae16-b1b7-42d3-ba62-7e310d8b0198 | New recommended regimen/Schedule (New guidelines( Type of prophylaxis Regimen Post exposure Intramuscular Essen Regimen (1-1-1-1-1) Day 0,3,7,14,28 Post exposure intradermal Updated Thai Red Cross Regimen (2-2-2-0-2) Day 0,3,7,28 Post exposure in vaccinated individuals Day 0,3 Pre-exposure prophylaxis Day 0,7,21/28 Min... | Social & Preventive Medicine | {
"Correct Answer": "0, 7, 28",
"Correct Option": "D",
"Options": {
"A": "0, 3, 7, 14, 28, 90",
"B": "0, 3, 7, 28, 90",
"C": "0, 3",
"D": "0, 7, 28"
},
"Question": "Pre-exposure prophylaxis for rabies is given on days"
} |
null | bf09d252-e987-480b-9a17-fe566ad398b9 | Ans. C: Epiphora SjOgren's syndrome (also known as "Mikulicz disease" and "Sicca syndrome", is a systemic autoimmune disease in which immune cells attack and destroy the exocrine glands that produce tears and saliva SjOgren's syndrome can exist as a disorder in its own right (Primary Sjogren's syndrome) or it may devel... | Ophthalmology | {
"Correct Answer": "Epiphora",
"Correct Option": "C",
"Options": {
"A": "Keratoconjuctivitis sicca",
"B": "Rheumatoid ahritis",
"C": "Epiphora",
"D": "Autoimmune in nature"
},
"Question": "Regarding Sjogren's syndrome, all are true except: September 2010"
} |
null | a79732e1-a0c9-4e81-bce6-fbcacaaab4e7 | A i.e. Fine froth in mouth & nostril | Forensic Medicine | {
"Correct Answer": "Froth in mouth and nostrils",
"Correct Option": "A",
"Options": {
"A": "Froth in mouth and nostrils",
"B": "Cutis anserina",
"C": "Washerman's hand",
"D": "Water in nose"
},
"Question": "Best indicator of antemoum drowning is :"
} |
null | 432ce240-2b6c-47aa-afd7-18bd49806239 | Ans. B i.e. Sickle cell anemia Splenomegaly Splenomegaly refers strictly to spleen enlargement, and is distinct from hyperspineism , which connotes overactive function by a spleen of any size. Splenomegaly and hypersplenism should not be confused. Each may be found separately, or they may coexist. Clinically if a splee... | Pathology | {
"Correct Answer": "Sickle cell anemia",
"Correct Option": "B",
"Options": {
"A": "Megaloblastic anemia",
"B": "Sickle cell anemia",
"C": "Thalassemia",
"D": "G6PD deficiency"
},
"Question": "Splenomegaly may be a feature of: March 2013"
} |
Antiplatelets and Fibrinolytics | e6c29c8b-af47-4dd6-8154-663358bed3b8 | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Prasugrel Glycoproteins lIb / IIIa inhibitorso The platelet glycoprotein mediates platelet aggregation via binding of adhesive proteins such as fibrinogen and Von Willebrand factor.o GP lib / Ilia inhibitors, inhibit platelet aggregation by blocking GPIIb / IlIa.o They are more complete inhibitors tha... | Pharmacology | {
"Correct Answer": "Prasugrel",
"Correct Option": "D",
"Options": {
"A": "Abciximab",
"B": "Eptifibatide",
"C": "Tirofiban",
"D": "Prasugrel"
},
"Question": "Gp2b3A inhibitors are all except -"
} |
null | 81b24099-1d53-4130-ac61-72364a99d53f | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | {
"Correct Answer": "Odds ratio can be calculated",
"Correct Option": "B",
"Options": {
"A": "It proceeds from cause to effect",
"B": "Odds ratio can be calculated",
"C": "Incidence can be calculated",
"D": "Needs many patients"
},
"Question": "True of case control studies -"
} |
null | c08137c8-34c0-4f03-9b07-227dfeb8ec8e | Carboxylation is a function of carboxylase enzymes which belong to the class of 'Ligases'. It is not a function of oxygenase enzymes. Monoxygenases incorporate one atom of oxygen and play an impoant role in hydroxylation of steroids. Dioxygenases incorporate 2 atoms of oxygen into the substrate. Ref: Harper's Illustrat... | Biochemistry | {
"Correct Answer": "Required for carboxylation of drugs",
"Correct Option": "D",
"Options": {
"A": "Incorporate 2 atoms of oxygen",
"B": "Incorporate 1 atom of oxygen",
"C": "Required for hydroxylation of steroids",
"D": "Required for carboxylation of drugs"
},
"Question": "All of the followi... |
null | 95a23ec3-c2d6-40f4-890f-bece76c568cd | Ans. Gross negligence | Forensic Medicine | {
"Correct Answer": "Gross negligence",
"Correct Option": "D",
"Options": {
"A": "He is from corporate hospital",
"B": "Negligence is from inadveent error",
"C": "Simple negligence",
"D": "Gross negligence"
},
"Question": "According to recent SC judgment, doctor can be charged for medical negl... |
Immunology | 3c3ba303-b196-45de-8ced-6c888c9e0d4e | An antigen is any substance that causes an immune system to produce antibodies against it. Antigens are usually peptides, polysaccharides or lipids. In general, molecules other than peptides (saccharides and lipids) qualify as antigens but not as immunogens since they cannot elicit an immune response on their own. Ref:... | Microbiology | {
"Correct Answer": "Polysaccharide",
"Correct Option": "A",
"Options": {
"A": "Polysaccharide",
"B": "Protein",
"C": "Antigen",
"D": "Effector"
},
"Question": "Which of the following is very difficult to induce antibody -"
} |
Epidemiology | 452b1926-6027-40a1-a934-6d58f2a8caed | Tools of measurement in epidemics: - Rate = x 1000/ 10000/ 100000 ; a is pa of b - Ratio = a/b ; a is not a pa of b - Propoion = x 100 = % ; a is pa of b Prevalence = No. of all current cases of a disease at a time /Estimated total population at that time X 100 Hence, Prevalence is a propoion (Prevalence is NOT a Ratio... | Social & Preventive Medicine | {
"Correct Answer": "Propoion",
"Correct Option": "C",
"Options": {
"A": "Rate",
"B": "Ratio",
"C": "Propoion",
"D": "None of the above"
},
"Question": "Prevalence is a:"
} |
General | 9531838e-9009-47d8-8d6e-3880fab47804 | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 3rd left intercostal space o Best areas to auscultate for both components of the second heart sound (A2 and P2) are either the left sternal border at the level of second intercostal space (Pulmonic area) or the left sternal border at the level of third intercostal space (Erb s point). | Medicine | {
"Correct Answer": "3rd left intercostal space",
"Correct Option": "A",
"Options": {
"A": "3rd left intercostal space",
"B": "2nd right intercostal space",
"C": "4th left intercostal space",
"D": "5th left intercostal space"
},
"Question": "S2 is best appreciated in -"
} |
Congenital Dislocation of Hip (C.D.H.) | 764ad788-556b-49cd-b976-c93086492894 | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Flexion, adduction & internal rotation Hip conditionDeformitySynovitisArthritisPosterior dislocationAnterior dislocationFemoral neck fractureIntertrochantric fractureFlexion, abduction, external rotation, apparent lengtheningFlexion, adduction, internal rotation, true shorteningFlexion, adduction, int... | Orthopaedics | {
"Correct Answer": "Flexion, adduction & internal rotation",
"Correct Option": "B",
"Options": {
"A": "Flexion, abduction & external rotation",
"B": "Flexion, adduction & internal rotation",
"C": "Flexion, adduction & external rotation",
"D": "Flexion, abduction & internal rotation"
},
"Quest... |
Complications Of Anaesthesia | 52e6dc81-fb25-495d-b941-543e03158f7c | Ans. b. SuxamethoniumSuxamethonium is the drug most commonly responsible for causing malignant hyperthermia.'Drugs causing malignant hyperthermia are- succinylcholine (most common cause), halothane (MC inhalational agent), iso/des/sevo/methoxy- fluranes, lignocaine, TCA, MAO inhibitors and phenothiazines.''Thiopentone ... | Anaesthesia | {
"Correct Answer": "Suxamethonium",
"Correct Option": "B",
"Options": {
"A": "Cisatracurium",
"B": "Suxamethonium",
"C": "Propofol",
"D": "Thiopentone"
},
"Question": "Drug causing malignant hyperthermia:(Asked twice in the exam)"
} |
Environment and Health | 91d73a6d-7f5b-44bb-b0ac-477ea9338efb | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Malathion* Insectisides used for control of malaria are-i) Residual sprapy-# In residual spray, spraying of houses with residual insectisides is done. Residual insectisides remains active over extended periods i.e., they have residual action even after the time of spray.# Commonly used residual insect... | Social & Preventive Medicine | {
"Correct Answer": "Malathion",
"Correct Option": "A",
"Options": {
"A": "Malathion",
"B": "Pyrethrum",
"C": "Paris green",
"D": "Permethrin"
},
"Question": "Household insectiside used for malaria-"
} |
G.I.T | d9f648af-a752-4368-999d-05e13c345ce0 | Obstructive jaundice Most common surgical cause of obstructive jaundice is CBD stones Characterized by dark urine, pale coloured stools, icterus and Pruritus Presence of urobilinogen in urine rules out obstructive jaundice USG is the best test to differentiate medical from surgical jaundice Unconjugated bilirubin is no... | Anatomy | {
"Correct Answer": "Unconjugated bilirubin",
"Correct Option": "A",
"Options": {
"A": "Unconjugated bilirubin",
"B": "Pruritus",
"C": "Pale stools",
"D": "Icterus"
},
"Question": "False about obstructive jaundice"
} |
Head and neck | 0e3852f0-45a6-493c-96d5-aefe1e0fa769 | structures outside the sinus: 1. Superiorly: optic tract, optic chiasma, olfactory tract, internal carotid aery and anterior perforated substance. 2.inferiorly: foramen lacerum and the junction of the body and greater wing of the sphenoid bone 3.medically: hypophysis cerebri and sphenoidal air sinus 4.laterally: tempor... | Anatomy | {
"Correct Answer": "Maxillary nerve",
"Correct Option": "D",
"Options": {
"A": "Sphenoidal air sinus",
"B": "Internal carotid aery",
"C": "Foramen lacerum",
"D": "Maxillary nerve"
},
"Question": "All of the following structure lies outside the cavernous sinus except"
} |
Intra Uterine Growth Restriction, Intrapaum and Antepaum Fetal Surviellance | 1d4ccb9d-1924-4aa6-b07c-0ed46fe31c20 | Electrical Fetal hea monitoring is useful as: (1) Provides accurate information, (2) Helpful in diagnosing fetal distress, (3) Directs about intervention to prevent fetal death or morbidity, (4) It is superior to intermittent monitoring methods. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | {
"Correct Answer": "Continuous electrical fetal hea monitoring",
"Correct Option": "C",
"Options": {
"A": "Fetal echocardiography",
"B": "Fetal scalp pH",
"C": "Continuous electrical fetal hea monitoring",
"D": "Physical examination"
},
"Question": "Which of the following is the best procedur... |
null | 236d1eb1-f2e1-43b0-90f3-f88deff358cb | The spirometer is a simple device for measuring gas volumes. The frequently used water spirometer, rolling seal spirometer and bellows spirometer. The last two are not water-filled and are more poable. The VT, IRV, ERV, IC, and VC can all be measured with a spirometer (as can the forced expiratory volume in 1 second , ... | Physiology | {
"Correct Answer": "ERV",
"Correct Option": "D",
"Options": {
"A": "TLC",
"B": "RV",
"C": "Closing volume",
"D": "ERV"
},
"Question": "Which of the following is measured by the device, Bellow's spirometer?"
} |
Enterobecteriaceae | a2630da3-17a1-4149-b424-4b04b2c42f1c | Ans: a (Salmonella typhimurium) Ref: Ananathanarayan,7th ed, p. 303Of the above given, S. typhimurium causes food poisoningSalmonella gastroenteritisS. typhimurium is the most common cause of food poisoning due to salmonella species.Incubation period--6-24 hrsFood poisoning is never caused by S. typhi. Source of transm... | Microbiology | {
"Correct Answer": "Salmonella typhimurium",
"Correct Option": "A",
"Options": {
"A": "Salmonella typhimurium",
"B": "Enterococcus",
"C": "Diphtheria",
"D": "Pseudomonas"
},
"Question": "Which of the following is a newly emerging food poisoning organism"
} |
null | f94f9f8f-fb28-44f0-9381-3dca473e305d | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Endothelium The most acceptable hypothesis for the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is "the response to injury hypothesis". According to this hypothesis, atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory response of the aerial wall initiated by injury to endothelium. Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis Following s... | Pathology | {
"Correct Answer": "Endothelium",
"Correct Option": "D",
"Options": {
"A": "Smooth muscle",
"B": "Media",
"C": "Adventitia",
"D": "Endothelium"
},
"Question": "Atherosclerosis initiation by fibroblast plaque is mediated by injury to ?"
} |
null | bdf94942-49c0-4d9a-b990-a7bfb7099857 | Monocyte is considered as the second line of defence.
Phagocytosis by Macrophages.
Macrophages are the end-stage product of monocytes that enter the tissues from the blood. When activated by the immune system, they are much more powerful phagocytes than neutrophils, often capable of phagocytizing as many as 100 bacte... | Physiology | {
"Correct Answer": "Monocyte",
"Correct Option": "D",
"Options": {
"A": "Neutrophil",
"B": "Eosinophil",
"C": "Basophil",
"D": "Monocyte"
},
"Question": "The WBC that is considered “second line of defence” is:"
} |
Psychiatric Illness | cbc8a1b1-532c-490e-a17d-9168083fabae | Lithium Use : Prophylaxis of mania alone, with sedatives in acute mania. Monitoring of S. concentration is significant to know the toxicity of drug S/E of Lithium Lithium use for a long time causes benign and reversible T-wave flattening Seizures Polyuria and compensatory polydipsia Dermatitis, folliculitis, vasculitis... | Pharmacology | {
"Correct Answer": "Can result in leucocytosis",
"Correct Option": "C",
"Options": {
"A": "Monotherapy for acute episodes",
"B": "Monitoring of serum concentration is not useful for guiding dose adjustment",
"C": "Can result in leucocytosis",
"D": "Can result in hypehyroidism on long term use"
... |
null | 2b7ff41e-66e4-467a-97ec-9ea4e5e98cbc | Pulse oxymetry-
Based on Beer Lambert law
Utilization of a probe that transmits red (640 mm) and infrared light
Photo detector as a receptor site
Different absorption ability of light by oxygenated and deoxygenated haemoglobin leads to changes in the amount of light differently absorbed by the vascular bed before reac... | Dental | {
"Correct Answer": "Beer's law.",
"Correct Option": "A",
"Options": {
"A": "Beer's law.",
"B": "Pascal's law.",
"C": "Doppler law.",
"D": "Poisslues law."
},
"Question": "Determination of Pulp vitality by pulse oximeter based on:"
} |
null | c5165fb3-3a59-49ed-9de0-4dbbced2cf08 | null | Surgery | {
"Correct Answer": "Monozygotic twins",
"Correct Option": "C",
"Options": {
"A": "Unrelated donors",
"B": "Related donors",
"C": "Monozygotic twins",
"D": "From the same individual"
},
"Question": "An Isograft indicates transfer of tissues between -"
} |
All India exam | e197f947-1bdd-4efd-887a-b72faa9441c5 | Causes of congenital blindness:ToxoplasmosisCongenital cataractsGenetic diseaseCongenital rubellaCongenital glaucomaUsher syndrome(Refer: Nelson's Textbook of Pediatrics, SAE, 1st edition, pg no. 318 - 319) | Pediatrics | {
"Correct Answer": "Vitamin A deficiency",
"Correct Option": "C",
"Options": {
"A": "Toxoplasmosis",
"B": "Congenital rubella",
"C": "Vitamin A deficiency",
"D": "Cataract"
},
"Question": "All of the following are causes of congenital blindness Except"
} |
null | b15c5039-0f3c-4195-8331-35b9632899c7 | "In epidemic dropsy, glaucoma is wide angle glaucoma, with normal chamber and angle. Outflow is within normal limits. The queous shows raised level of histamin, prostaglandin and protein suggesting that glaucoma is hypersecretory". _ Mukherjee | Ophthalmology | {
"Correct Answer": "Epidemic dropsy",
"Correct Option": "A",
"Options": {
"A": "Epidemic dropsy",
"B": "Marfan's syndrome",
"C": "Hypertension",
"D": "Diabetes"
},
"Question": "Hypersecretory glaucoma is seen in –"
} |
Myasthenia Gravis and Muscular dystrophy | 01b9f068-4db2-45e5-94b8-19d4f7d290f7 | Facial muscle involvement is not seen with Becker and Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy Emery Dreifuss and Becker are XLR disease so can't be present in a girl child. Hence by exclusion the diagnosis is Dx: Scapulo-Faciohumeraldystrophy. Facio-Scapulo-humeral dystrophy Autosomal dominant inheritance and has an onset in ch... | Medicine | {
"Correct Answer": "Scapulofaciohumeral dystrophy",
"Correct Option": "D",
"Options": {
"A": "Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy",
"B": "Becker muscular dystrophy",
"C": "Limb-girdle dystrophy",
"D": "Scapulofaciohumeral dystrophy"
},
"Question": "A 14-year-old girl presents with quadriparesis... |
Anatomy | 44e3f7ec-ad90-49bc-9f91-54f959bae81b | Ans. b (normal rye medium will permit wavelength of 400- 700 ntn) Ref: yanoff 3rd ed p 383, internet sitesCornea and lens act as special filters absorbing the more energetic wavelength of the electromagnetic spectrum that can damage the retina. Cornea absorbs wavelength below 295nm where as lens absorbs strongly in the... | Ophthalmology | {
"Correct Answer": "Normal eye medium will permit wavelength of 400- 700 nm",
"Correct Option": "B",
"Options": {
"A": "Cornea cut off wavelength upto 400 nm",
"B": "Normal eye medium will permit wavelength of 400- 700 nm",
"C": "Even after cataract surgery UV rays are not penetrated",
"D": "Lens... |
null | 6a19df3c-6af0-4673-8e2b-02d86ddc7523 | Extensor digitorum Hybrid muscles are the muscles having more than one nerve supply Pctoralis major: lateral & medial pectoral nerves Brachialis: additional proprioceptive fibres from radial nerve, in addition to its muscular nerve, musculocutaneous nerve. Extensor digitorum is supplied by the posterior interosseous ne... | Surgery | {
"Correct Answer": "Extensor digitorum",
"Correct Option": "B",
"Options": {
"A": "Pectoralis major",
"B": "Extensor digitorum",
"C": "Flexor digitorum profundus",
"D": "Brachialis"
},
"Question": "Which of the following muscle is not a hybrid muscle"
} |
null | 161fc4a5-e9fb-44c6-9a4b-2d734cf01ebc | D i.e. All | Surgery | {
"Correct Answer": "All of the above",
"Correct Option": "D",
"Options": {
"A": "Infection",
"B": "Inadequate circulation",
"C": "Inadequate mobilization",
"D": "All of the above"
},
"Question": "Delayed union of fracture of a bone follo-wing a surgical treatment may be due to"
} |
Respiratory System | f18b19db-efc0-40d3-accd-5d2dcb3b1879 | Ans: a (Intrapleural) Ref: Ganong,22nd ed,p. 6651The main pressure in lung related to inspiration is intrapleural pressure.Intrapleural pressure.The pressure in the intrapleural space between the lungs and chest wall is intrapleural pressure.Intrapleural pressure changes from -2.5 to -6 mmHg during inspiration. During ... | Physiology | {
"Correct Answer": "Intrapleuarl",
"Correct Option": "A",
"Options": {
"A": "Intrapleuarl",
"B": "Transpulmonary",
"C": "Trans chest wall",
"D": "Alveolar pressure"
},
"Question": "What is the pressure of inspiration?"
} |
Biostatistics | cdfbd205-6f98-4cdc-9d76-29c0e9887cef | Ref:Parks 23rd edition pg 849. 1SD : confidence limit = 68% 2SD : confidence limit = 95% 3SD : confidence limit = 99.7% | Social & Preventive Medicine | {
"Correct Answer": "68%",
"Correct Option": "B",
"Options": {
"A": "50%",
"B": "68%",
"C": "95%",
"D": "100%"
},
"Question": "One standard detion in normal standard curev includes value-"
} |
null | d000623f-eba6-4e64-8cc0-3ed932403fce | Ans. is 'b' i.e., EBV EBV encephalomyelitis shows :Abnormal white matter with perivascular infiltrates of inflammatory cells and foam cells.Some myelin is replaced by lipid-filled macrophages and hyperplastic astrocytes. | Microbiology | {
"Correct Answer": "EBV",
"Correct Option": "B",
"Options": {
"A": "Measles",
"B": "EBV",
"C": "Molluscum contagiosum",
"D": "RSV"
},
"Question": "Foam cells are seen in infection with which virus ?"
} |
null | fc374693-12de-4ca4-8854-34bd1a9c686b | null | Surgery | {
"Correct Answer": "To position the patient upright",
"Correct Option": "A",
"Options": {
"A": "To position the patient upright",
"B": "To position the patients in a semi inclined posture to visualize the perforation",
"C": "Trendelenberg position",
"D": "Reverse trendelenberg position"
},
"Q... |
Acute coronary syndrome | ffa5b47b-7d02-489f-9bcf-f6753b2be449 | Option C = Rescue P.C.I. After thrombolysis ST Elevation begin to reduce If ST Elevation persisting in spite of thrombolysis. So it's failure of thrombolysis | within 90 minutes Rescue PCI Types of PCI Primary PCI done for STEMI (Door to device time < 90 minutes). Delayed PCI done for Unstable Angina NSTEMI Rescue PCI ... | Medicine | {
"Correct Answer": "Persistent Chest pain with ST elevation >90 min after thrombolysis",
"Correct Option": "C",
"Options": {
"A": "Persistent chest pain with ST elevation > 60 min after thrombolysis",
"B": "Persistent chest pain with ST elevation > 30 min after thrombolysis",
"C": "Persistent Chest p... |
General physiology | fefb2a6d-129a-4ebd-9100-fcdb862c98a2 | Fever right shifts the oxygen dissociation curve, which allows for a greater release of oxygen to the tissue, making oxygen easily available to neutrophils and monocytes for use in the oxygen-dependent myeloperoxidase system of bactericidal killing. Having more oxygen available to tissue also enhances wound healing. In... | Physiology | {
"Correct Answer": "Increase oxygen release to tissue",
"Correct Option": "D",
"Options": {
"A": "Accelerates bacterial and viral replication",
"B": "Left shifts the oxygen dissociation curve",
"C": "Is due to interleukin-1 released from CD4 T-helper cells",
"D": "Increase oxygen release to tissu... |
Injuries | 8cf45c14-9de1-4f72-a51c-e0ab03cd4518 | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Uterus Order of putrefactiono Order of appearance of putrefaction from earliest to last is : larynx, trachea > stomach, intestine > spleen, liver > brain, lungs > heart > kidney, bladder > uterus/prostate > bone.o Amongst the soft tissues uterus in female and prostate in malesm are last to undergo put... | Forensic Medicine | {
"Correct Answer": "Uterus",
"Correct Option": "B",
"Options": {
"A": "Liver",
"B": "Uterus",
"C": "Brain",
"D": "Breast"
},
"Question": "Last organ to putrefy in females is?"
} |
Respiration | 567e1d6a-5444-4e1a-b07a-98417b051c28 | Ans. (d) Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation(Ref: Robbins 9th/pg 670; 8th/pg 679)Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM): Hamartomatous Q or dysplastic lung tissue, usually confined to one lobe. | Pathology | {
"Correct Answer": "Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation",
"Correct Option": "D",
"Options": {
"A": "Hypoplasia of lung",
"B": "Congenital cyst",
"C": "Lobar sequestration",
"D": "Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation"
},
"Question": "Hamartomatous lung tissue is?"
} |
Bacteria | c50f51df-27d7-43e6-9be6-4b89df294edb | ANSWER: (C) CSF examinationREF: Harrison 17th ed chapter 376The diagnosis of bacterial meningitis is made by examination of the CSF. The need to obtain neuroimaging studies (CT or MRI) prior to LP requires clinical judgment.A broad-range PCR can detect small numbers of viable and nonviable organisms in CSF and is expec... | Microbiology | {
"Correct Answer": "CSF examination",
"Correct Option": "C",
"Options": {
"A": "Widal",
"B": "CSF PCR",
"C": "CSF examination",
"D": "PET scan"
},
"Question": "Test for diagnosis of pyogenic meningitis is?"
} |
Abdominal Radiography | 22c45247-65d6-4168-aa89-428eb6ccf1c3 | Ans: D (Kawasaki disease) Ref: Manual of Emergency Critical Care Ultrasound Vicke E Noble. 2nd ed. Pg 156Explanation:Kawasaki disease is associated with hydrops of gallbladder.Gallbladder Wall Thickening A gallbladder wall that is thickened is a sign of inflammation. This is a non-specific finding, and many other patho... | Radiology | {
"Correct Answer": "Kawasaki disease",
"Correct Option": "D",
"Options": {
"A": "Postprandial state",
"B": "Cholecystitis",
"C": "Congestive cardiac failure",
"D": "Kawasaki disease"
},
"Question": "Causes of thickened gallbladder wall on ultrasound examination are all except:"
} |
Assessment of Vestibular Function | 0210576a-e7fd-40c4-b51e-acd13de82132 | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Opposite side [Ref: Dhingra 5th/e p. 48}o Each ear is irrigated twice : once with cold water (70C below the body temperature, i. e. 300C) and then with warm water (70C above the body temperature, i.e. 440C).o Cold water provokes nystagmus towards the opposite ear, while warm water provokes nystagmus t... | ENT | {
"Correct Answer": "Opposite side",
"Correct Option": "B",
"Options": {
"A": "Some side",
"B": "Opposite side",
"C": "Up",
"D": "Do\\vn"
},
"Question": "In caloric test, cold water stimulation causes movement of eye -"
} |
Communicable diseases | b9c3c5cc-127b-46a2-bfdc-d23bd2412409 | Incidence of TB infection (Annual infection rate, Annual risk of Infection ARI) : Percentage of population under study who will be newly infected (not diseased or cases) with TB among Non-infected in 1 year. Expresses attacking force of TB in community In developing countries 1% ARI corresponds to: 50 SS +ve cases per ... | Social & Preventive Medicine | {
"Correct Answer": "It is assessed by tuberculin conversion in previously non-vaccinated children",
"Correct Option": "D",
"Options": {
"A": "ARI of 1% = 75 new cases",
"B": "Current ARI in India is 1.7%",
"C": "It is represents new cases of TB",
"D": "It is assessed by tuberculin conversion in p... |
null | f6c9fd05-bcda-4397-bcaa-a17d65107ad3 | The history and findings are consistent with a lobar pneumonia. The most common etiologic agent of lobar pneumonia is Streptococcus pneumoniae. ESSENTIALS OF DIAGNOSIS Productive cough, fever, rigors, dyspnea, early pleuritic chest pain Consolidating lobar pneumonia on chest radiograph Lancet-shaped gram-positive diplo... | Microbiology | {
"Correct Answer": "Streptococcus pneumoniae",
"Correct Option": "A",
"Options": {
"A": "Streptococcus pneumoniae",
"B": "Staphylococcus aureus",
"C": "Klebsiella pneumoniae",
"D": "Pseudomonas aeruginosa"
},
"Question": "A 12-year-old girl presents to the casualty with symptoms of fever, sho... |
null | 19de7ff4-cb68-4c51-afe3-07a425f20c91 | A.i.e. Henosch Schonlein purpura | Skin | {
"Correct Answer": "Henoch Schouleiln puspura",
"Correct Option": "A",
"Options": {
"A": "Henoch Schouleiln puspura",
"B": "Giant cell aeritis",
"C": "Microscopic polyangitis",
"D": "Wegener's granulomatosis"
},
"Question": "IgA deposits on skin biopsy"
} |
null | 8705fb60-c237-4804-a9cf-8adbb631bcd3 | null | Dental | {
"Correct Answer": "It increases the surface energy & wets the dentin surface",
"Correct Option": "B",
"Options": {
"A": "Etches the dentin",
"B": "It increases the surface energy & wets the dentin surface",
"C": "Removes the smear layer",
"D": "Conditions the dentin"
},
"Question": "A Dentin... |
null | d0b35238-78a6-454d-9bc9-65180db85bbb | Ovulation occurs due to the effect of increased concentration of LH. In the pre-ovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle, the ovarian follicle will undergo a series of transformations called cumulus expansion, which is stimulated by FSH. This is followed by LH surge. | Physiology | {
"Correct Answer": "LH surge",
"Correct Option": "A",
"Options": {
"A": "LH surge",
"B": "FSH surge",
"C": "Progestrone surge",
"D": "Estrogen surge"
},
"Question": "Which of the following hormonal activity is expected immediately prior to Ovulation?"
} |
null | e2e8a056-13c0-457f-945f-da4fdb9afbd6 | B. i.e. Frontoparietal sutureSkull sutures (except sphen-occipital), vomer- sphenoid rostrum schindylesisQ, inferior tibiofibular syndesmosis and dentoalveolar gomphosis (tooth socket) joints are fibrous joints. A Schindylesis is a specialized suture where a rigid bone fits into a groove on a neighbouring element eg a ... | Anatomy | {
"Correct Answer": "Fronto parietal suture",
"Correct Option": "B",
"Options": {
"A": "Pubic symphysis",
"B": "Fronto parietal suture",
"C": "Manubrio sternal joint",
"D": "Inf. radio ulnar joint"
},
"Question": "Following are fibrous joints :"
} |
null | df59eac7-87b1-4805-9c47-0caf96a3450d | The body is exhumed only when, there is written order from the executive magistrate. | Forensic Medicine | {
"Correct Answer": "Executive magistrate",
"Correct Option": "B",
"Options": {
"A": "Chief judicial magistrate",
"B": "Executive magistrate",
"C": "Police officer",
"D": "Session judge"
},
"Question": "For exhumation the order should be passed by -"
} |
null | aeb420c2-ede8-48bc-9400-a5ae531f15ee | Radiological signs:
The lesion presents as a chance radiographic finding. It is a round or an ovoid (<3 cm) uniform radiolucency with a well-defined, usually corticated, margin. Stafne’s bone cavity is non-expansile and is found below the mandibular canal just anterior to the angle of the mandible. The location of Staf... | Radiology | {
"Correct Answer": "Stafne’s bone cavity",
"Correct Option": "A",
"Options": {
"A": "Stafne’s bone cavity",
"B": "Radicular Cyst",
"C": "Dentigerous cyst",
"D": "Lateral periodontal cyst"
},
"Question": "The radiograph of a 32 year old patient is shown below. The patient is asymptomatic and t... |
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