es

The occipital lobes are to ____ as the temporal lobes are to ____ .

seeing;hearing

The sens of hearing is to the ____ lobes as the sens of touch is to the ___ lobes

Temporal;parietal

The motor cortex is located in the ____ lobes

A laboratory cat could be made to twitch its whiskers by direct stimulation of the ____ lobes of its cereral cortex .

which of the following body parts is associated with the greatest amount of brain tissue in the motor cortex?

An area at the front of the parietal lobes that receives information from the movement of the body parts is called the ;

sensory cortex

The sensory cortex is most critical for our sense of ;

which part of your brain receives information as to whether you are moving your legs?

sensory cortex

The experience of auditory hallucinations by people with schizophrenia is most closely linked with the activation of areas in their ;

temporal lobes

The association areas are loacted in the ;

Cerebral cortex

The most extensive regions of the brain, which enable learning and memory, are called the ;

association areas

After he suffered a stroke, Mr. Santores physical coordination skills and responsiveness to sensory stimulation quickly returned to normal. Unfortunatley, howeve, he began to experience unusual difficulty in scheduling his daily activities and solving simple problems. It is most likely that Mr. Santore suffered damage to his;

Association areas

The process of anticipating that you will be punished for misbehaving takes place withing the;

association areas

the process of anticipating that you will be punsihed for misbehaving takes places within the ;

association areas

the ability to recognize familiar faces is disturbed by damage to the right ___ lobe

An impaired use of language is known as;

The part of the cerebral cortex that directs the muscle movements involved in speech is known as ;

Broca's area

AFter miguels recent automobile accident, doctors detected damage to his cerebral cortex in Broca's area. It is likely that miguel well have diffuclty ;

Speaking fluent<|endoftext|>General information and precautions

Contact breaker ignition system The ignition system is divided into two circuits, low tension (primary) and high tension (secondary). The low tension circuit consists of the battery, ignition switch, primary coil windings and the contact breaker points and condenser. The high tension circuit consists of the secondary coil windings, the heavy ignition lead from the centre of the distributor cap to the coil, the rotor arm and the spark plug leads and spark plugs.

When the system is in operation, low tension voltage is changed in the coil into high tension voltage by the opening and closing of the contact breaker points in the low tension circuit. High tension voltage is then fed, via the carbon brush in the centre of the distributor cap, to the rotor arm of the distributor. The rotor arm revolves inside the distributor and each time it comes in line with one of the four metal segments in the distributor cap, which are connected to the spark plug leads, the opening and closing of the contact breaker points causes the high tension voltage to build up and jump the gap from the rotor arm to the appropriate metal segment. The voltage then passes via the spark plug lead to the spark plug, where it finally jumps the spark plug gap before going to earth.

The distributor is driven by a skew gear from the camshaft on the OHV engine and by an offset dog on the end of the camshaft on CVH engines.

The ignition advance is a function of the distributor and is controlled both mechanically and by a vacuum-operated system.

A ballast resistor is incorporated in the low tension circuit between the ignition switch and the coil primary windings. The ballast resistor consists of a grey coloured resistive wire running externally to the main loom between the ignition switch and coil. During starting this resistor is bypassed allowing full available battery voltage to be fed to the coil which is of a low voltage type. This ensures that during starting when there is a heavy drain on the battery, sufficient voltage is still available at the coil to produce a powerful spark. During normal running, battery voltage is directed through the ballast resistor to limit the voltage supplied to the coil to seven volts.

Electronic breakerless ignition The fundamentals of operation of the electronic breakerless ignition system are similar to those described previously for the contact breaker system, however in the breakerless electronic ignition system, the action of the contact breaker points is simulated electronically within the distributor.

Control of ignition advance characteristics is still carried out in the conventional way using mechanical and vacuum systems.

Programmed electronic ignition (RS Turbo models)
The two main components of the system are the electronic control module designated Electronic Spark Control II (ESC II), and a Hall effect electronic ignition distributor.

The distributor is mounted on the flywheel end of the cylinder head, and is driven directly off the camshaft by an offset dog coupling.

Contained within the distributor is a trigger vane, permanent magnet and position sensor.

The trigger vane is a cylindrical disc attached to the distributor shaft and having four slots on its vertical surface, one for each cylinder. The permanent magnet and position sensor are secured to the distributor baseplate in such a way that the vertical surface of the trigger vane passes between them. As the trigger vane rotates, the magnetic field between the magnet and position sensor is interrupted and a series of square wave electronic pulses are produced. This output wave form is sent to the ESC II module and from this, engine speed, ignition advance and idle speed are calculated.

A small bore hose connecting the inlet manifold to a vacuum transducer within the module supplies the unit with information on engine load, and a charge air temperature sensor, which is a temperature sensitive resistor located in the air intake duct, provides information on engine intake air temperature.

From this constantly changing data the ESC II module selects a particular advance setting from a range of ignition characteristics stored in its memory.

With the firing point established, the module switches off the ignition coil primary circuit, the magnetic field in the coil collapses and the high tension voltage is created. At precisely the right instant the ESC II module switches the coil primary circuit back on and the cycle is repeated for each cylinder in turn.

Additionally the ESC II module operates in conjunction with the fuel-injection and turbo systems to provide data on engine rpm to the fuel-injection control module, and to provide an overriding control of turbo boost pressure.

Programmed electronic ignition (1.4 litre fuel injection engines) The ignition system consists of a Hall effect distributor (as described previously for RS Turbo models), TFI IV ignition module, coil and EEC IV module.

The distributor is similar to that used on earlier CVH engine models, but has no centrifugal or vacuum advance mechanisms, the advance functions being carried out by the EEC IV module. The distributor acts as a trigger and provides a pulse signal to the EEC IV module.

The distributor performs the following functions:
a) Sends signals to the EEC IV module to trigger the ignition firing process.

b) Enables the EEC IV module to calculate engine speed from the pulse signals.

c) Distributes HT voltage to the spark plugs.

The TFI (Thick Film Integration) IV module functions as a high current switch by controlling the ignition coil primary LT circuit.

The module is controlled by one of two input signals, either from the Hall effect sensor in the distributor, or from the EEC IV module.

The signal from the distributor passes via the TFI IV module to the EEC IV module. The EEC IV module modifies the signal to provide ignition timing advance relative to engine speed, load and temperature, before returning it to the TFI IV module.

The EEC IV module provides total engine management via the ignition and fuel systems.

From signals received from the various sensors, the module controls the following functions:
a) Ignition timing.

b) Fuel delivery.

c) Deceleration fuelling.

d) Idle speed.

e) Engine overspeed protection.

If the module should fail, the ignition timing will be switched by the TFI IV module (there will be no ignition advance) and fuel will be delivered at a constant rate. This state is known as the Limited Operation Strategy (LOS) and allows the vehicle to be driven, albeit with greatly reduced engine performance and fuel economy.

Should any of the system sensors fail, the EEC IV module will sense this and substitute a single predetermined value for the failed input.

Again, this will allow continued engine operation, with reduced performance and driveability. Under these conditions a self-test code will be stored in the module memory to aid subsequent fault diagnosis by a Ford dealer.

Distributorless ignition system (DIS)
1.4 litre fuel injection engines The mechanical distribution of high tension voltage (by a rotating distributor) is replaced by “static” solid-state electronic components.

The system selects the most appropriate ignition advance setting for the prevailing engine operating conditions from a threedimensional map of values stored in the Electronic Spark Control (ESC) module memory. The module selects the appropriate advance value according to information supplied on engine load, speed, and operating temperature by various sensors.

Engine speed is monitored by a sensor mounted in the cylinder block, which is activated by 35 equally-spaced teeth on the flywheel. A gap occupies the position of the 36th tooth, which denotes 90° BTDC for No 1 cylinder. As the engine speed increases, so does the frequency and amplitude of the signal sent to the ESC module (photos).

Engine load information is provided by a pressure sensor which is integral with the ESC module. The sensor monitors vacuum in the inlet manifold via a hose.

Engine temperature is monitored by an Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) sensor screwed into the bottom of the inlet manifold.

A DIS coil assembly is mounted on the cylinder block next to No 1 cylinder. The coil has two primary and two secondary windings.

One secondary winding supplies current to numbers 1 and 4 cylinders simultaneously, while the other supplies current to numbers 2 and 3 cylinders. Whenever either of the coils is energ


bellum http://hdl.handle.net/1811/58823 Circadian Variation of Locomotor Ability Mediated by Nitric Oxide in the Cerebellum Spieldenner, James M. Previous research has revealed circadian differences in locomotor ability corresponding to improved performance during active period. Nitric oxide (NO) production by the enzyme neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) exhibits circadian variation in the cerebellum. Considering the distribution and circadian variation of nNOS in the cerebellum, I hypothesized that NO could mediate daily rhythms in motor learning. The present study used the compound 7-nitroindazole (7-NI) to selectively inhibit nNOS during only times of investigative interest to circumvent the possibility for developmental compensatory mechanisms in nNOS knock-out (nNOS-/-) mice which lack nNOS throughout life. Mice were given intraperitoneal injections of either vehicle or 7-NI twice daily (1h prior to when lights were illuminated and before lights were extinguished) under a 12:12 (light:dark) photoperiod. Following lights on/off on the tenth day of injections groups were trained on an accelerating rotorod (4-40rpm) and tested 12 h later recording latency to fall. Four groups were formed based on treatment and time of behavioral analysis: A vehicle and a 7-NI group were trained in the morning and tested at night, and a vehicle and 7-NI group were trained at night and tested in the morning. I hypothesized 7-NI treatment would result in impaired locomotor ability and learning regardless of time of day and that vehicle treated groups would display the endogenous rhythm of locomotor ability. At the onset of the resting period vehicle treated mice exhibited impaired locomotor ability in accordance with the endogenous circadian rhythm, whereas 7-NI treated individuals lacked circadian variation of locomotor ability. NO expression was implicated in the circadian variation of locomotor ability. Immunocytochemical labeling of L-citrulline, a reliable marker of nNOS activity, will quantify the influence of nitric oxide expression in the cerebellum on circadian differences in locomotor ability and learning. Honors Arts & Sciences Undergraduate Research Scholarship: $5000 2012-06-01T00:00:00Z Spieldenner, James M. Investigation of Novel Curcumin Analogs as Antimalarials http://hdl.handle.net/1811/58821 Investigation of Novel Curcumin Analogs as Antimalarials Cason, Emily There are over two hundred million cases of malaria each year. Although there are effective treatments, drug resistant strains are emerging that make discovery of new antimalarials an important goal. We have developed a semi-automated assay platform to screen novel compounds for their ability to kill Plasmodium falciparum, the parasite that causes the most deadly form of human malaria. This assay was used to screen novel analogs of curcumin, a component of the spice turmeric, which is known to have antimalarial activity. Several of these analogs were found to inhibit parasite growth at low-micromolar to sub-micromolar concentrations. The compounds in this collection represent eight structural classes, and a structure-activity relationship analysis indicates a class-specific potency. Monocarbonyls had relatively high potency, while coumarins had very little activity against the parasite. The heteroaromatic and aromatic class of compounds are the most promising for future study because compounds in this class had very little activity against mammalian cell lines, indicating high selectivity for the parasite. Curcumin inhibits parasite growth at an IC50 of 6.06 μM while the most promising and selective compound in this screen, compound 47, is an aromatic compound with an IC50 of 0.512μM. We have developed an assay to investigate interactions between these compounds and current antimalarials in combination, and we hope to determine whether the promising compounds may be used effectively in combination with other existing antimalarials. 2012-06-01T00:00:00Z Cason, Emily Correlation of Bone Quality to Biomechanical Response: Large-Scale Study Methodology http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54579 Correlation of Bone Quality to Biomechanical Response: Large-Scale Study Methodology Draper, Amie J. It has been previously shown that the quality of human bone can affect its fragility. This can have important implications in the field of injury biomechanics, in which attempts are made to elucidate the conditions under which fractures may occur. To understand the results of such research, we must establish what constitutes a “normal” bone quality and how bone quality relates to biomechanical response. Prior work has shown that bone microstructure of bilateral rib pairs varies significantly between individuals but does not vary within an individual. This implies that bilateral rib pairs can be used to examine the relationship between bone quality and biomechanical response. Previously employed methods, however, are inefficient to utilize in a large population study and an efficient, standardized methodology to assess the overall quality of a bone and relate it to its biomechanical response is needed. The purpose of this work is to develop improved methodologies in order to lay the groundwork for the development of a large-sample study of the relationship between bone quality and biomechanical response. Forty cross-sectional slides of bilateral rib pairs from 10 subjects for which variable measurements are available were utilized as the initial dataset. Methods to improve construction of cross-section images, facilitate microfeature detection and standardize statistical methodology were developed and evaluated. This study defined new methodologies to automate the image reconstruction process and developed a new, standardized statistical model that can be utilized in a large-sample study. Methods to facilitate microfeature detection in the rib cross-section images were not fully developed for use in a large-sample study, but this study laid the initial groundwork for such methods. These methodological improvements can be built into the framework for an efficient, standardized methodology to investigate the relationship between bone quality and biomechanical response in a normal population of human ribs. 2013 Denman Undergraduate Research Forum, Honorable Mention 2013-05-01T00:00:00Z Draper, Amie J. A Role for Regulatory T helper Type 1 Cells in Interferon Beta Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54533 A Role for Regulatory T helper Type 1 Cells in Interferon Beta Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis Jarjour, Nicholas Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the Central Nervous System (CNS) characterized by inflammatory demyelination. The resulting effects on neuronal conduction lead to functional deficits affecting gait, vision, muscular function, and other basic processes, which occur in a relapsing/remitting or progressive manner. A number of the most effective treatments for MS are formulations of the human signaling molecule Interferon-β (IFN-β). However, these treatments’ mechanism of action in the context of MS is not well established. We have previously identified a population of effector CD-4+ T cells that self-regulates via up-regulation of the immunosuppressive cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) in a mouse model of MS. We hypothesize that induction of IL-10+ T helper type 1 (Th1) cells is a key contributor to the efficacy of IFN-β therapy in MS. If this population is increased in MS patients receiving IFN-β treatment, this would strongly support a contribution to clinical benefit. If these cells are essential in IFN-β’s mechanism of action, IL-10+ Th1 cells could be used as a marker of therapeutic efficacy and as a target for drug development. We have developed a methodology to study effector CD-4+ T cells ex vivo to examine the expression patterns of the cytokines (signaling molecules) IL-10, Interleukin-17 (IL-17), and Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) by flow cytometry and enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) to establish the presence or absence of the target IL-10+ population and its characteristics. We have analyzed this population in 3 MS patients pre- and post-initiation of IFN-β therapy, as well as in an additional cohort of 2 MS patients pre- and post-initiation of the alternative MS treatment copaxone. Our data demonstrates no alteration in the IFN-γ+/IL-10+ double positive population after IFN-β or copaxone treatment.  Denman Undergraduate Research Forum Honorable Mention 2013-05-01T00:00:00Z Jarjour, Nicholas IFITM3 as a Potential Mechanism for Cyr61 Mediated Inhibition of Oncolytic Virotherapy http://hdl.handle.net/1811/53612 IFITM3 as a Potential Mechanism for Cyr61 Mediated Inhibition of Oncolytic Virotherapy Boone, Sean Oncolytic virus therapy (OV therapy) exploits naturally occurring or genetically modified viruses to kill cancer cells by lytic destruction. Cysteine-rich protein 61 (Cyr61) has been found to be upregulated by OV infection. Cyr61 was found to inhibit OV infection when using a transient transfection model and when using a tetracycline inducible Cyr61 expression model. In vivo studies using the t


 paints, but also help reduce carbon emissions.

Panels of pure textured paint mimicking the shades of butterfly wings on display in London's Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Panels of pure textured paint mimicking the shades of butterfly wings on display in London’s Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Recognition: Roger Wooldridge / Royal Botanic Gardens Kew

“The paint itself is light, so it works well for commercial products,” he said. “If, for example, you replace the paint on a jumbo jet with a textured color, you save about a ton of weight, which is very significant in terms of fuel costs.”

While Pure Structural Color is not yet commercially available, the Lifescaped lab is working with various companies to make paint for sale and is hoping to have some available “within the next 12 months,” Parker said.

However, Parker’s mission goes beyond the commercial potential of the technology. The scientist and artist would like visitors to leave the exhibition and think more critically about the power of nature and how much man can learn from it.

“Nature is so precious and we need to do more to protect it,” said Parker. “There are so many other things we can learn by looking at nature. With a little more effort, we can find much more sustainable solutions in the future.”

Naturally brilliant color“Is on display in London’s Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, until September 26, 2021.
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Comment Where are the links? (Score 1) 425

I realize this is slashdot and all that shit, and that it is a requirement for members here to make unqualified blanket generalising comments.

I see some posts here talking about holding their non-Apple phones with a camera bulge and it shows or doesn't show the bulge, and I see one post that talks about seeing the bulge in his iPhone 6, and where he also explains why he has an iphone 6 (http://beta.slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=5713131&cid=47921957). There are probably more posts either way, but I couldn't be bothered to look for more.

I went to Apple's site and saw the side view photo on the page about iPhone 6 (it's the 5th photo). And here is a linked to that image, clearly hosted on Apple.com (https://www.apple.com/iphone-6/overview/images/design_details_right_large.jpg). Although it looks like it may be a render, rather than an actual photo.

So, it's the typical Slashdot bullshit - pile on the pseudo-skepticism, and doesn't bother to make any decent effort for fact checking.

Claiming that it's typical for Slashdot to hate Apple is a very standard straw man argument that was probably designed to 1) represent yourself as the voice-of-reason amongst the biased haters, 2) represent yourself as the plucky underdog, fighting against the uneducated masses, 3) rally together the Apple lovers, fighting for a common cause. Either way, it doesn't pan out. There are a lot of commentors on slashdot, plenty of them like Apple just fine, and plenty hate Apple like the plague, and even more just don't give a shit one way or the other. So please just drop that bullshit, I've seen this argument too often both for and against Apple.

You should be ashamed, given that you have such a low UID.

Comment Re: Ion strengthened? (Score 0, Redundant) 207

I tried very hard to understand what you meant by vegetables don't contain genes, the only thing that could remotely make some miniscule sense is that you might be referring to GMO produce. Hence my preliminary conclusion is the same as the other reply to you comment, you don't know anything about genetics. But please feel free to explain further. The entire planetary scientific community would be extremely interested in vegetables that don't contain any genes.

Comment Re:Zeig Heil (Score 5, Funny) 709

I beg to differ!

Perhaps to your untrained eyes, the poster appears to have poor grasp of the English language and suffers from frequent lack of accuracy in spelling, but I am entirely convinced that this Anonymous Coward in fact wields English with such Mastery as to dethrone the Bard at his finest!

Let's examine the two examples that you have brought up:

"Emporer" appears to be an incorrect spelling of the word "Emperor". However, I believe the word in fact derives from "emporium", i.e. the "emporer" would in fact mean the "shopkeeper"! It is obvious that he or she is alluding to the rise of USA through capitalism, and making the claim that the ones of stand highest in the land are corporate CEOs!

"Assinated" also appears to be a poor rendition of the word "assassinated". But the correct interpretation is that it comes from the word "asinine", i.e. to be "assinated" means to be made "extremely foolish or stupid", indeed the fate most feared by despots! And ironically, through your ignorance, you were correct in your guess and that the word "assinated" does in fact mean "to be made an ass clown".

I pray that you will careful study this particularly fine piece of writing again and try to divine the finer meanings!

Comment Re:How to conduct human trials (Score 2) 190

Basic experiment design:

1) start large group of test subjects

2) randomly divide into two groups, one will receive placebo and the other the vaccine candidate

3) [double-blind] but you don't tell test subjects which they are receiving, nor the people administering the vaccines

4) let everybody carrying on as they have before. In a large group, whatever non-standard behaviour will be distributed more or less evenly across the two groups

5) wait a while

6) see which group has fewer cases of infection and whether the differences are statistically significant

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Support bacteria -- it's the only culture some people have!<|endoftext|>🎉 Announcing Numerade's $26M Series A, led by IDG Capital!Read how Numerade will revolutionize STEM Learning

Numerade Educator

Problem 78 Medium Difficulty

Two identical masses are released from rest in a smooth hemispherical bowl of radius $R$ , from the positions shown in Fig. 8.45 . You can ignore friction between the masses and the surface of the bowl. If they stick together when they collide, how high above the bottom of the bowl will the masses go after colliding?

$R / 4$

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Video Transcript

in this problem, We're gonna talk about conservation of lunar moment. So we need to remember that the momentum off a particle is equal to its mass times its velocity V and that the total momentum of a system in the absence of external forces is concerned. So even though the individual Momenta other particles may change the total one doesn't s so what we have in our problem is a hemisphere is shown here in a picture that has a radius R and two blocks that are placed at that are they are identical and they're placed as shown here. Eso The first one is that a height are from the bottom. The second one is at the bottom and they are released. They collide at the, uh at the bottom of the hemisphere and then stick together. And our goal is to find how high the two blocks you gather Reach What is the height? H Okay, so what we have to do first is to notice that the first block, the one on the left falls while the second one since it's at the bottom, does not eso the second block just stay still until the collision happens since the block has just released, we have to find what is the velocity with which it reaches the bottom of the hemisphere. Now from conservation off energy, we have the gravitational potential energy MGH must be able to MV squared over two eso the ems Yes, watch And then we have a V is equal to the square root of two GH. Yeah, so at the bottom, when the collision happens, the velocity off the block points to the right with the speed of the square or to you th now at the bottom the collision happened. So at the collision, the momentum is concerned right at the bottom. No external forces act on the system known at external forces. Eso we can write that the mass off the falling log times its speed is equal to the total mass its final total mass times the final speed v prime So the prime is V divided by two meaning that the prime is the square root of two GH divided by Chu. Okay, so this is the speed off the system of the two blocks and what we have to find is how high this system reaches. So Basically, we have to apply conservation off energy again. So at the bottom, the kinetic energy is the mass of the system, which is two AM times the mad, temporary times view prime squared over to, and this is equal to the mass times g times the height to which the two blocks rate rise. So the two m's canceled. The prime squared is to G H over four. Then we have two divided by two. This is able to g age. And actually, I'm sorry. This shouldn't be age. Um h should be substituted by our since the initial position off the first block is are Okay, so you're subject to the height of the first block by our So sorry for that. I'm sorry. This should be our


 little mutant to discover he could comb his hair in a ducktail. Or, to bring up a more sober possibility, the first to become resistant to AIDS. Three, maladaptive but not immediately fatal mutations, such as those causing certain diseases.

So yes, we're still evolving. But not very quickly. Most students of the subject say we haven't changed much in the past 30-50,000 years, except that we're now willing to eat head cheese. As for that sci-fi stuff about evolving giant brains … well, modesty prevents me from saying much about it. But it sure does make it a bitch to buy hats<|endoftext|>Environmental Analysis Webinars and Podcasts

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TechniqueTitleContent type
Discrete AnalysisRapid Photometric Detection for Environmental ApplicationsWebinar
LC-MS/MS, GC-MS, GC-MS/MS, IC-MS/MS, ICP-OES, ICP-MSEnvironmental Analysis Summit: Highlights from experts on hot topics and modern analytical techniquesVideos, presentations, posters
GC-MSMonitoring Volatile Organic Compounds Using GC and GC-MS:Meeting the Challenge of Protecting the 981-Mile Ohio River Webinar
GC-MSFully Automated GC-MS/MS Analysis of Environmental Contaminants in Surface Waters: A Recipe for Lower Cost in Your Lab - WebcastWebinar
LC-MSAnalyzing Emerging Contaminants - Microcystins and the Challenge of the UnknownWebinar
LC-MSFrom Sample to Knowledge: Strategies for Overcoming Challenges of Emerging Contaminants - PFC and SurfactantsWebinar
LC-MSImpact assessment of environmental samples for organic contaminants using untargeted / targeted analysis workflowWebinar
GC-MSAnalysis of Long - Chain Hydrocarbons and VOCs in Soil by GC-MSWebinar
GC-MSInstrument Demands on Routine Lab Analysis of VOCs in Soil Using EPA Regulated MethodsWebinar
GC-MSMaximizing Return for Routine Environmental Analysis, Part 1: Updating Outdated SVOC InstrumentationWebinar
GC-MSMaximizing Return for Routine Environmental Analysis, Part 2: Overcoming Challenges in VOC Analysis with Updated TechnologyWebinar
ICP-MSTrace Element Analysis Using ICP-MS for Environmental Samples
Part I: Regulations and Routine Monitoring
ICP-MSTrace Element Analysis Using ICP-MS for Environmental Samples
Part II: Meeting Routine Monitoring and Research Challenges
GC-MS single quadrupoleHow I Optimized My Solid Waste SVOC Analysis with a GC-MS WorkflowPodcast
ICP-MSFrom 2 Weeks to 2 Days: Automation Plus Speed Powers ICP-MS for ProductivityPodcast
Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE)Faster Environmental Sample Analysis with Accelerated Solvent ExtractionPodcast
Isotope Ratio Infrared Spectrometry (IRIS)Chasing Greenhouse Gases at Our Doorstep: Isotopes as a Tool to Identify Urban Carbon Dioxide SourcesPodcast
Orbitrap GC-MSAnalysis of Emerging Contaminants Series, Part 1: Identification of Iodinated Disinfection Byproducts by GC-MS/MSWebinar
Orbitrap LC-MSAnalysis of Emerging Contaminants Series, Part 2: Emerging Contaminant Studies in Environmental Biotechnology Using High Resolution LC-MSWebinar
Chromeleon CDS SoftwareEfficient Analytical Workflows, Part 2: Chromatography Data Management ToolsWebinar

Environmental community members periodically get updates on our environmental analytical solutions for inorganic ions, trace elements, and organic contaminants to ensure you stay current with modern technologies and analytical methods.

UX DATA-TRKR Retired - Admins, feel free to remove this reference component.
CMD SchemaApp code<|endoftext|>A symbolic data-driven technique based on evolutionary polynomial regression

Created by W.Langdon from gp-bibliography.bib Revision:1.3872

@Article{Giustolisi:2006:JH,
  author =       "Orazio Giustolisi and Dragan A. Savic",
  title =        "A symbolic data-driven technique based on evolutionary
                 polynomial regression",
  journal =      "Journal of Hydroinformatics",
  year =         "2006",
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "207--222",
  keywords =     "genetic algorithms, genetic programming, EPR, Chezy
                 resistance coefficient, Colebrook-White formula,
                 data-driven modelling, evolutionary computing,
  ISSN =         "1464-7141",
  URL =          "http://www.iwaponline.com/jh/008/0207/0080207.pdf",
  size =         "16 pages",
  abstract =     "This paper describes a new hybrid regression method
                 that combines the best features of conventional
                 numerical regression techniques with the genetic
                 programming symbolic regression technique. The key idea
                 is to employ an evolutionary computing methodology to
                 search for a model of the system/process being modelled
                 and to employ parameter estimation to obtain constants
                 using least squares. The new technique, termed
                 Evolutionary Polynomial Regression (EPR) overcomes
                 shortcomings in the GP process, such as computational
                 performance; number of evolutionary parameters to tune
                 and complexity of the symbolic models. Similarly, it
                 alleviates issues arising from numerical regression,
                 including difficulties in using physical insight and
                 over-fitting problems. This paper demonstrates that EPR
                 is good, both in interpolating data and in scientific
                 knowledge discovery. As an illustration, EPR is used to
                 identify polynomial formulae with progressively
                 increasing levels of noise, to interpolate the
                 Colebrook-White formula for a pipe resistance
                 coefficient and to discover a formula for a resistance
                 coefficient from experimental data.",

Genetic Programming entries for Orazio Giustolisi Dragan Savic<|endoftext|>Relationships between CPUE fluctuation of southern bluefin tuna and ocean temperature variability in the Central Indian Ocean

*Tel: 886-2-2462-2192.
Fax: 886-2-2463-2659. Email: hjlu@ntou.edu.tw

In this study, catch and effort data of southern bluefin tuna (SBT) from Taiwan longliners operating in the Central Indian Ocean (CIO) during 1982 to 2003 were compiled and their catch per unit effort (CPUE) was standardized using the generalized linear model (GLM). The GLM includes factors such as year, season, by-catch, latitude, sea surface temperature (SST) and the interactive effects among factors. The standardized CPUE and its relationship with SST fluctuation were then analyzed to understand the effects of fishing ground SST variations on CPUE of SBT, as well as their connection to El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. The standardized CPUE in the CIO seemed to oscillate with the sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) between 30 and 50°S where SSTA fluctuations were prolonged and slower than the ENSO cycle. It is then very likely that fishing conditions at the CIO fishing ground were influenced by the expansion of the cold water mass from the Southern Ocean, and the colder SST is beneficial to increasing SBT catch rate.<|endoftext|>Cimdata Logo

Commentaries & Highlights

Tuesday, November 07, 2017

Dassault Systèmes 3DEXPERIENCE Forum (Commentary)

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Key takeaways:

  • The 3DEXPERIENCE platform has elements that support uses well beyond traditional PLM solution activities in product development—including life sciences and urban planning.
  • Dassault Systèmes continues to expand the platform’s breadth and depth.
  • The POWER’BY service promises to streamline integration of older CAD solutions.

CIMdata recently attended Dassault Systèmes’ 3DEXPERIENCE Forum—North America in Florida. One of the main themes of the Forum was the continuing evolution of Dassault Systèmes’ PLM product innovation platform. In the opening keynote, Dassault Systèmes Mr. Bruno Latchague, Senior Executive Vice President, Americas, welcomed the attendees and introduced Mr. Dean Marsh, the new Managing Director, North America. They discussed their center for aerospace and digital manufacturing and how eight universities are using Dassault Systèmes’ products.

Ms. Monica Menghini, Executive Vice President, Chief Strategy Officer, presented a challenging presentation entitled Shattering the Myths about Platforms. Ms. Menghini positioned Dassault Systèmes’ suite of products as the Business Experience Platform. She rebuked the ideas that platforms are for business process automation, that point solutions can be transformed into platforms, and that any platform is an innovation platform. She argued that the platform consists of scientific, information, manufacturing, commerce, marketing, design, and open innovation concepts. She stated that the platform must operate as the social structure of business and


 making the service incredibly profitable.

Officially introduced on July 24, 1936, the British speaking clock service received approximately 13 million calls during its first year of operation, a figure that becomes doubly impressive when you realise the service was only available in London for the first six years it existed.

With the massive number of calls coming in at all hours, to make sure people didn’t clog up the lines at any given time, the Post Office issued a briefing after the system was debuted, noting:

In view of the possibility of certain members of the public becoming so enamoured of the golden voice that they are impelled to listen to it for an indefinite period, an automatic device disconnects the circuit at the end of ninety seconds.

While the idea of people becoming “enamoured” with a recording of someone reading the time might seem silly, Brian Cobby, the third “golden voice” of the speaking clock claimed that he often received fan-mail, particularly from “older women”, who liked to call the speaking clock at night when they couldn’t sleep, just to listen to his soothing voice.

Pat Simmons

Speaking of Cobby, since its initial inception, there have been four “permanent” (non-guest) voices for the speaking clock, the aforementioned Ethel Jane (you can hear her time reading here), who provided the voice between 1936 and 1963; Pat Simmons (listen here), who provided it from 1963 to 1984; actor Brian Cobby (listen here), who lent his voice to the service from 1984 to 2007; and Sara Mendes da Costa (listen here, or if you live in the UK just call the number) who is the current voice of the service. All four of these individuals became the voice after entering a “golden voice” competition similar to the one previously discussed and were variously rewarded with cash prizes in addition to becoming the new voice of the service.

As for the accuracy of the speaking clock, though many maintain that the modern speaking clock is “accurate to within one five thousandth of a second”, this claim is disputed by the National Physics Laboratory who say that, owing to variable delays in the transmission actually getting to your phone: “you can probably expect the starts of the seconds pips to be accurate seconds markers within about one-tenth of a second.”

This said, the service does take an extraordinary amount of care in ensuring that the time they give is as accurate as possible, even attempting to account for the delay for the signal to reach your phone. The service is so accurate that a minor scandal was caused in 2013 when it emerged that employees at the Ministry of Defence had spent £40,000 of public money (about 130,000 calls) calling the service to synchronize their clocks over the previous three years, despite the fact that doing exactly that was explicitly banned by the Ministry of Defence in 2010.

Other than MOD employee calling to synchronise watches, it has been noted that the service fields the most calls on four very specific days: The day the clocks go forward and back for daylight saving time, New Year’s Eve (with people trying to ensure they celebrate the new year at the exact right moment) and November the 11th (so that they can observe the traditional 2 minutes silence for Remembrance Day at the exact right time, 11AM).

Sara Mendes Da Costa

Despite the huge technological leaps made in the last few decades that would seem to make such a service obsolete, the speaking clock service still fields an estimated 30 million calls every year or about 82,000 calls per day. That said, this is markedly less than a little under a decade ago before the ubiquity of smart phones, when the service was pulling in an average of about 200,000 calls per day.  With either numbers, at 30p a call, the speaking clock is still raking in the money.

If you liked this article, you might also enjoy our new popular podcast, The BrainFood Show (iTunes, Spotify, Google Play Music, Feed), as well as:

Bonus Facts:

  • At certain times of year the profits from calls to the speaking clock are donated to various charitable causes and the service has infrequently employed the use of guest voices to encourage more calls during these periods. Notable guest voices include the voice of Tinkerbell, Mae Whitman, in 2008 and a 12 year old girl called Alicia Roland in 2003 to promote the children’s charity, Childline.
  • In America, people calling the operator to ask for the time grew to be such a problem for the New England Telephone and Telegraph Company, that in 1918 they issued an official statement saying that their operators would no longer tell people the time, citing that doing so was “interfering with the efficiency of the service”. How many calls were they getting?  Despite the telephone not exactly being something everyone had at this point in history, they were receiving over 100,000 such calls per day in New England alone.
  • During the Cold War in the UK, the plan in the event of a nuclear attack was to utilise the speaking clock service to trigger the automatic warning sirens, as well as inform any callers of the attack. The reasoning for using this system was that the service was called so often that a failure in the system would be reported immediately without anyone officially needing to monitor it. So it made more sense to use it rather than create a new dedicated system that might fail without anyone noticing for a while.
  • One slight change to this general script for the UK speaking clock occurred between 1986 and 2008, when the service was sponsored by the watchmaker, Accurist, with the new line being “At the third stroke the time, sponsored by Accurist, will be [insert time here]”. Given that during these near two and a half decades the speaking clock was called a few billion times, this is likely one of the most listened to sponsored message in the history of advertising.
  • Ethel Cain starred in a movie in 1935 called, Vanity, her only known screen credit. The movie is considered lost and no known copies of it are known to exist.
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Geoengineering Could Be a Disaster for Astronomy

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Geoengineering is one of those things that sounds like maybe a good idea on paper but could also go horribly, apocalyptically wrong. But if the prospect of plunging Earth’s weather systems into chaos isn’t enough to convince scientists we need to tread very cautiously with the ultimate global warming tech-fix, perhaps this will: geoengineering could be a disaster for science.

That’s according to new models by Charlie Zender, an atmospheric physicist at the University of California, Irvine who presented the provacatively-titled research poster “Death of Darkness: Artificial Sky Brightness in the Anthropocene” at the the American Geophysical Union conference this month. In a nutshell, Zender found that injecting light-scattering particles into the stratosphere—one of the most widely-discussed strategies for rapidly cooling the planet—would have the unintended side-effect of messing with the incoming light from distant stars and planets.

As you might imagine, this would be very bad news for the scientists who study said stars and planets. “If we geoengineered globally, this would affect all telescopes around the world,” Zender told Gizmodo.

The idea behind stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) is pretty simple: if we can get a bunch of sulfate particles high enough into sky, they’ll spread around the Earth and act like sunscreen, scattering light back into space and yielding a cooling effect. (SAI was inspired in part by volcanic eruptions, which do essentially the same thing.) Although our planet could really use some help cooling off right now, SAI has come under heavy fire for an obvious reason: conducting a worldwide experiment on our one and only shared global atmosphere is inherently dangerous.

Among the more frightening possibilities critics have raised, SAI could alter weather patterns, suppressing summer monsoons in parts of the world where crops are utterly dependent on monsoon rainfall. Much more speculatively, SAI could work too well and trigger a runaway cooling scenario, a la Snowpiercer.

There’s one other rather obvious side-effect of SAI that’s received scant attention, and that’s the impact on incoming starlight. Zender’s models, which are not yet published, suggest this effect could be big. When he added a few megatons of sulfur dioxide to a computer model of the stratosphere—an amount that may be required to cool the Earth back to pre-industrial temperatures—Zender found that the night sky over urban areas would become roughly 25 percent brighter. That’s because our stratospheric shield would backscatter light from ground sources, namely, electricity. “It’s like when you’re driving through fog with your high beams on,” he said.

Of course, most astronomy doesn’t take place anywhere near cities. The best observatories in the world are located on remote mountaintops, high above air pollution and far away from light pollution. Here, Zender’s models show a somewhat different, but equally bad effect: SAI would actually make the sky darker.

“Our telescopes are in positions where most of the [night] light comes from the stars,” Zender explained. “There, what the aerosols do is they backscatter light


 maximum NSDU lifetime, local to remote

    Mrl = maximum NSDU lifetime, remote to local

    T1  = bound for maximum time local entity will wait for
          acknowledgement before retransmitting a TPDU

    R   = bound for maximum local entity will continue to transmit a
          TPDU that requires acknowledgment

    N   = bound for maximum number of times local entity  will transmit
          a TPDU requiring acknowledgement

    L   = bound for the maximum time between the transmission of a
          TPDU and the receipt of any acknowledgment relating to it.

    I   = bound for the time after which an entity will initiate
          procedures to terminate a transport connection if a TPDU is
          not received from the peer entity

    W   = bound for the maximum time an entity will wait before
          transmitting up-to-date window information

   These symbols and their definitions correspond to those given in
   Clause 12 of IS 8073.

8.1.1   Give-up timer.

   The give-up timer determines the  amount  of  time  the transport
   entity  will continue to await an acknowledgement (or other
   appropriate reply) of a transmitted message  after the  message

Top       Page 53
   has  been  retransmitted the maximum number of times.    The
   recommendation given in IS 8073 for values of this timer is
   expressed by

    T1 + W + Mrl, for DT and ED TPDUs

    T1 + Mrl, for CR, CC, and DR TPDUs,

    T1 = Elr + Erl + Ar + x.

   However, it should be noted that Ar will not be known for either the
   CR or the CC TPDU, and that Elr and Erl may vary considerably due to
   routing in some conectionless network services.  In Part 8.3.1, the
   determination of values for T1 is discussed in more detail.  Values
   for Mrl generally are relatively fixed for a given network service.
   Since Mrl is usually much larger than expected values of T1, a
   rule-of-thumb for the give-up timer value is 2*Mrl + Al + x for the
   CR, CC and DR TPDUs and 2*Mrl + W for DT and ED TPDUs.

8.1.2   Inactivity timer.

   This timer measures  the  maximum  time  period  during which a
   transport connection can be inactive, i.e., the maximum time an
   entity can wait without receiving incoming messages.  A usable value
   for the inactivity timer is

    I = 2*( max( T1,W )*N ).

   This accounts for the possibility that the remote peer is using a
   window timer value different from that of the local peer.  Note that
   an inactivity timer is important for operation over connectionless
   network services, since the periodic receipt of AK TPDUs is the only
   way that the local entity can be certain that its peer is still

8.1.3   Window timer.

   The window timer has two purposes.  It is used to assure that the
   remote peer entity periodically receives the current state of the
   local entity's flow control, and it ensures that the remote peer
   entity is aware that the local entity is still functioning.  The
   first purpose is necessary to place an upper bound on the time
   necessary to resynchronize the flow control should an AK TPDU which
   notifies the remote peer of increases in credit be lost.  The second
   purpose is necessary to prevent the inactivity timer of the remote
   peerfrom expiring.  The value for the window timer, W, depends on
   several factors, among which are the transit delay, the
   acknowledgement strategy, and the probability of TPDU loss in the
   network.  Generally, W should satisfy the following condition:

Top       Page 54
     W > C*(Erl + x)

   where C is the maximum amount of credit offered.  The rationale for
   this condition is that the right-hand side represents the maximum
   time for receiving the entire window.  The protocol requires that all
   data received be acknowledged when the upper edge of the window is
   seen as a sequence number in a received DT TPDU.  Since the window
   timer is reset each time an AK TPDU is transmitted, there is usually
   no need to set the timer to any less than the value on the right-hand
   side of the condition.  An exception is when both C and the maximum
   TPDU size are large, and Erl is large.

   When the probability that a TPDU will be lost is small, the value of
   W can be quite large, on the order of several minutes.  However, this
   increases the delay the peer entity will experience in detecting the
   deactivation of the local transport entity.  Thus, the value of W
   should be given some consideration in terms of how soon the peer
   entity needs to detect inactivity.  This could be done by placing
   such information into a quality of service record associated with the
   peer's address.

   When the expected network error rate is high, it may be necessary to
   reduce the value of W to ensure that AK TPDUs are being received by
   the remote entity, especially when both entities are quiescent for
   some period of time.

8.1.4   Reference timer.

   The reference timer measures  the  time  period  during which a
   source reference must not be reassigned to another transport
   connection, in order that spurious duplicate  messages not
   interfere  with a new connection.  The value for this timer
   given in IS 8073 is

    L = Mlr + Mrl + R + Ar

    R = T1*N + z

   in which z is a small tolerance quantity to allow for factors
   internal to the entity.  The use of L as a bound, however, must be
   considered carefully.  In some cases, L may be very large, and not
   realistic as an upper or a lower bound.  Such cases may be
   encountered on routes over several catenated networks where R is set
   high to provide adequate recovery from TPDU loss.  In other cases L
   may be very small, as when transmission is carried out over a LAN and
   R is set small due to low probability of TPDU loss.  When L is
   computed to be very small, the reference need not be timed out at
   all, since the probability of interference is zero.  On the other
   hand, if L is computed to be very large a smaller value can be used.

Top       Page 55
   One choice for the value  might be

    L = min( R,(Mrl + Mlr)/2 )

   If the reference number assigned to  a  new  connection  by  an
   entity  is monotonically incremented for each new connection through
   the entire available reference space (maximum 2**16 - 1), the timer
   is not critical: the sequence space is large enough that it is likely
   that there will be no spurious messages in  the network by the time
   reference numbers are reused.

8.2   Flow control.

   The peer-to-peer flow control mechanism  in  the  transport protocol
   determines  the  upper bound on the pace of data exchange that occurs
   on  transport  connections.   The transport  entity  at  each end of
   a connection offers a credit to its peer representing the number of
   data  messages it  is  currently willing to accept.  All received
   data messages are acknowledged,  with  the  acknowledgement  message
   containing  the  current  receive  credit  information.  The three
   credit allocation schemes discussed  below  present  a diverse  set
   of  examples  of  how one might derive receive credit values.

8.2.1   Pessimistic credit allocation.

   Pessimistic credit allocation is perhaps the simplest form of flow
   control.  It is similar in concept to X-on/X-off control.  In this
   method, the receiver always offers a credit of one TPDU.  When the DT
   TPDU is received, the receiver responds with an AK TPDU carrying a
   credit of zero.  When the DT TPDU has been processed by the receiving
   entity, an additional AK TPDU carrying a credit of one will be sent.
   The advantage to this approach is  that  the data  exchange  is  very
   tightly controlled by the receiving entity.  The disadvantages are:
   1) the  exchange  is  slow, every data  message requiring at least
   the time of two round trips to complete the transfer transfer, and 2)
   the ratio of acknowledgement to data messages sent is 2:1.  While not
   recommeneded, this scheme illustrates one extreme method of credit

8.2.2   Optimistic credit allocation.

   At the other extreme from pessimistic credit allocation is optimistic
   credit  allocation,  in  which  the  receiver offers more credit than
   it has buffers.  This scheme  has  two  dangers.  First, if the
   receiving user is not accepting data at a fast enough rate, the
   receiving transport's  buffers  will  become filled.  Since  the
   credit


 Summer normal elevation: 682.0 feet.  Winter normal elevation: 676.0 feet. Current elevation: 682.5 feet. The water surface temperature is 83 degrees. Largemouth Bass: Good. Over 20 pounds is winning most evening tournaments. Plastic worms and crankbaits are being used along ... (click for more)

Clock Is Ticking To Apply For Georgia Deer Quota Hunts

Hunters wishing to apply for a chance at a deer quota hunt need to get online soon. An online quota application must be in before midnight Sept. 1, according to the Georgia Department of Natural Resources’ Wildlife Resources Division.  “Georgia’s deer quota hunts provide a diversity of opportunities on some well-managed properties,” said John Bowers, chief of the Game<|endoftext|>About 2,500 manatees have perished in Florida over the past four years, heightening tension between conservationists and property owners as federal officials prepare to decide whether to down-list the creature to threatened status.

Conservationists say the deaths are evidence of the vulnerability of the walrus-like mammals, which were included on the endangered species list in 1967 because of boat collisions and destruction of sea grasses in the shallow coastal inlets they inhabit.

But owners of waterfront property and businesses filed a lawsuit in April in federal court accusing the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service of failing to adhere to its own 2007 recommendation that down-listing is warranted because there are now more manatees than ever.

Most of the 4,800 pudgy sea-grass-munching mammals in the U.S. gather each year in Florida, where warm, temperate coastal water, power plant discharges and warm-water springs act as buffers to the lethal effects of icy winters.

The agency’s delay in implementing the recommendation prompted the Pacific Legal Foundation to sue on behalf of a group called “Save Crystal River Inc.”

The group takes its name from the Crystal River, a destination about 100 miles north of Tampa, known for sport fishing and manatee tours in the vicinity of its headwaters.

“Environmentalists want to turn the entire Crystal River into a sanctuary, which would hurt our clientele,” said Christina Martin, a Pacific Legal Foundation lawyer representing property owners in the case. “Our clients simply want the federal government to pay attention to what its own biologists are saying and down-list.”

Opponents of down-listing argue that the agency’s recommendation came before two major mortality events. They also fear that decreasing protection would leave manatees more vulnerable to potentially catastrophic die-offs.

In 2010, 766 of an estimated 5,077 U.S. manatees died, largely because of cold stress. In 2013, 830 manatees died amid red tide blooms. In the meantime, dozens of manatees are killed each year in boat collisions, despite rules and regulations enacted to safeguard the animals.

“We’re up against an antigovernment group that wants to roll back the very protections that have prompted a comeback of a species once hunted to near extinction,” said Pat Rose, executive director of the nonprofit Save the Manatee Club. “Then they could run their boats where they want, when they want and as fast as they want.

“We’re trying to get as many people as possible to put pressure on the Fish and Wildlife Service before the public comment period on this matter ends,” he said. “We want the agency to base its final decision on the most up-to-date scientific information available.”

The Fish and Wildlife Service is expected to take comments until Sept. 2, then make a final decision within a year<|endoftext|>Find all your DIY electronics in the MakerShed. 3D Printing, Kits, Arduino, Raspberry Pi, Books & more!

kk Maker Birthdays:  Kevin KellyThis year, we decided, besides covering the birthdays of icons of technology and science who are no longer with us, we’d celebrate some of the living icons who’ve directly influenced our lives as makers.

When I started brainstorming my list, Kevin Kelly was one of the first people on it. Kevin was an editor of Whole Earth Review and the Whole Earth Catalog, publications that had a profound impact on me and helped set the course of my DIY life. He was also a founding editor of Wired and was instrumental in setting the tone of that hugely influential publication.

Kevin’s books include Out of Control: The New Biology of Machines, Social Systems, and the Economic World. This book was a big influence on my own Absolute Beginner’s Guide to Building Robots and my continued interest in biologically-inspired technology (e.g. behavior-based robotics). Kevin’s recent projects include the indispensable Cool Tools mailing list, Street Use (a site of folk technology and clever street hacks), and the Quantified Self (self-knowledge through self-data tracking).

Happy Birthday, Kevin. And thanks for decades of inspiration, thought-provocation, and “access to tools.”

Kevin Kelly’s websit<|endoftext|>Could some of you Creationists explain to me why being related to a chimp is insulting?

I mean, I often hear the argument "because they fling their poo at each other!" But how is that worse than some of the terrible things human beings do? Human beings throw ATOMIC BOMBS at each other, for Pete's sake. That's even worse!

The next argument I hear is "because chimps are ugly!" Well, besides the fact that that's just plain old mean and utterly subjective, have you seen Keith Richards? That man's a walking geriatric heroine-chic sack of bones! (No offense, Keith - I love you!!!). I'd much rather look at a cute little chimp than poor Keith.

And lastly, I hear the argument "because chimps are stupid!" Come on, haven't you ever heard Sarah Palin try to explain her foreign policy qualifications? You gotta admit, humanity has some pretty stupid members. Besides, chimps are actually very intelligent - enough to learn sign language and how to read, and how to recognize themselves in the mirror. That's smarter than most young children! Personally, I like the idea of being a member of the smartest animal species on the planet (humans).

Jesus, why are you assuming that evolution is anti-God? I'm not debating the existence of God; I'm just arguing for evolution!

And as I said before, chimps are capable of brain processes that ARE superior to some humans.

13 Answers

  • 9 years ago
    Favorite Answer

    i just don't like monkeys. not sure why but monkeys and elephants just bother me for some reason.

    human throw atomic bombs at each other. if a chimp is so fn smart then why don't the go makes some fn airplanes and atomic bombs to throw at each other.

    you act like monkeys don't fight. but i guarantee you that if you taught monkeys to how to shoot guns they would ******* end up killing each other.

  • 9 years ago

    its not...

    The part that is in dispute is not how a physical body is made or evolved etc, the part that is debated is the existence and origin of our souls.

    You think we came into existence by chance, and that life is a random occurrence. And further that we didnt exist before, nor will we exist after this life.

    I believe we have a Creator, that life was organized (and evolution may be a part of that creation) and that we will live after death.

    So, its not really offensive. I just dont think we are the same as other animals...we are humans and were created by God, as His children, in His image.

    (also, you must admit, if you are being serious...even our less intelligent humans have far superior cerebral prowess than chimps. We're happy that they can use 'tools' to eat ants. We humans shoot 4K HD video documentaries of these chimps, store the footage on SSD plates, process them with 12 core microprocessors and broadcast this via the internet. We then discuss the emotional and cultural relevance of the project itself, debate it in Universities and television shows etc.

    We are more than a little different than the chimps.

    Source(s): common sense
    Lv 4
    3 years ago

    Of the macaque's almost 3 billion DNA base pairs, ninety 3.5 per cent are clone of those interior the human genome. this isn't unpredicted for a species whose lineage diverged from our personal about 25 million years in the past. The human and chimp genomes, which diverged basically 6 million years in the past, are about ninety 8 per cent same. One complicated discovery is that countless mutations that reason genetic ailments in human beings - such as phenylketonuria and Sanfilippo syndrome, which deliver about psychological retardation - are the conventional kind in macaques and, likely, our personal ancestors.

    9 years ago

    Cant seem to see any problem with sharing an ancestor with a chimp, I mean things could be a whole lot worse I could be related to George Bush , or (shudders) Sarah Palin ((A))

  • How do you think about the answers? You can sign in to vote the answer.
  • 9 years ago

    Since chimps are superior to humans and humans are quite depraved compared to chimps, it is insulting to us chimps to be compared to humans.

  • 9 years ago

    Its not so much insulting as it is untrue. Nobody is going to accept your warped version of reality without some sort of evidence to back it up.

    Saying 'God cannot exist so we must have come from monkeys' is a logical fallacy.

  • 9 years ago

    My question is if we came from a Monkey who made the Monkey? who made the pond with the


 record told us long ago that we differ physically from Neandertals, in various ways. But at the level of genes and the proteins that they encode, new research published online today in the journal Science reveals that we differ hardly at all. It also indicates that we both Neandertals and modern humans differ from the chimps in virtually identical ways.

"The astonishing implication of the work we've just published," says Prof. Gregory Hannon, Ph.D., of Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL), "is that we are incredibly similar to Neandertals at the level of the proteome, which is the full set of proteins that our genes encode."

Collaboration with a paleogenetics pioneer

Hannon, who is also an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and is well known for his work on small RNAs and RNA interference, was invited this past year to help examine Neandertal DNA by Dr. Svante Pbo, a pioneer in paleogenetics, a field that employs genome science to study early humans and other Paleolithic-era creatures. In a separate paper, Pbo's team today publishes in the same issue of Science the first complete genome sequence for Neandertal, an achievement that builds on work he has led since 2006 at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Genomics in Leipzig.

"Dr. Pbo's publication of the full Neandertal genome is a watershed event, a major historical achievement," Hannon says. "The work we conducted in collaboration with his team is only a small part of the larger effort, but it helps us put the Neandertal genome into better perspective, relative to the modern human genome and those of our nearest common ancestor among the apes, the chimpanzees, from whom we diverged about 6.5 million years ago."

The CSHL team contributed a technology developed by Hannon, postdoc Emily Hodges, Ph.D., and others at CSHL in 2007. "We call it "Array capture re-sequencing," says Hannon, "and it enables us to extract from genomes important information, on a very selective basis, rapidly, very accurately, and at low cost. We always anticipated that it might help in the analysis of evolutionary relationships, so when Svante offered us the opportunity to apply it to a Neandertal sample, we were very excited and grateful for the opportunity."

The technique enabled Hannon's CSHL team, working with Pbo's team in Leipzig, to greatly amplify intact bits of DNA from a Neandertal sample that was 99.8% contaminated -- mainly by bacterial DNA-- and regarded by Pbo as not likely to yield useful data. The sample studied was considerably more impure than that used as the basis for Pbo's full Neandertal genome sequence. "Our technology is particularly useful in enabling us to work with the most contaminated samples," says Hannon. "We identify and then greatly amplify just those portions of the target DNA called exons. Exons are stretches of DNA that encode proteins. They comprise only a small fraction of the total genome of modern humans, about 1%."

The Neandertal genome, like that of modern humans, contains about 3 billion base-pairs of nucleotides often referred to metaphorically as "letters" in the genome's "book of life." The Hannon-Pbo collaboration focused on obtaining the most accurate possible sequence of only 14,000 protein-coding segments within the full genome. "These," Hannon explains, "are exons that give rise to the 14,000 proteins that we know are different in modern humans and chimpanzees." The question was what those 14,000 proteins would look like in our Neandertal relatives.

"The overwhelming majority of chimp proteins about 75% -- are different from ours in at least one amino-acid 'letter," according to Hannon. These amino-acid changes are in most instances slight, but the resulting functional differences the way they affect what proteins do in cells can be great, and presumably help to explain many of our differences from chimpanzees.

Eighty-eight amino-acid differences and what they might signify

Hannon's team applied its focused sequencing method on those areas in the Neandertal sample obtained from Dr. Pbo, and, after several rounds of refinement, they arrived at the number 88: they found only 88 changes in Neandertal protein sequences compared with the modern human. Hannon calls this number "astonishing."

At an early stage of the study, the team identified many more protein differences -- about 1000 -- between modern man and the specific Neandertal individual sampled, a male who died about 49,000 years ago in a cave called El Sidrn, in Spain. But that initial figure was based on comparing the Neandertal sequence to that of the modern human reference genome. When the teams incorporated into their calculations variations in the modern human code that they catalogued in 50 individuals from a range of modern ethnic groups, the number of human-Neandertal protein differences dropped from over 1000 to only 88.

Although Hannon says it will be important to study the functional role of the 88 proteins, he expects that many may prove "neutral," functionally. These would be changes in the genetic code that do not issue in any difference in the function of the associated proteins. If even more human genome samples -- say, from 500 contemporary individuals rather than 50 -- were included in the comparison, the number of differences might drop again, Hannon believes. And if additional Neandertal samples were factored into the comparison, he says, "it's possible that the number of differences could approach zero."

In short, Hannon says, "the news, so far, is not about how we differ from Neandertals, but how we are so nearly identical, in terms of proteins." In addition to following up on the functional associations of the 88 proteins identified in the current study, Hannon says new research is likely to address other portions of the genome particularly those segments responsible for regulating what genes do. In effect, the search for what distinguishes us from our nearest hominid ancestors will shift to from differences in sequence to differences in function.

Contact: Peter Tarr
tarr@cshl.edu
516-367-8455
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

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2. New tool helps scientists see molecular signals of eye disease before symptoms arise
3. U.S. Preventive Medicine Helps Participants of the State of Nevada Public Employees Benefits Program (PEBP) Become Healthier
4. Social networking helps hermit crabs find homes
5. New Scripps Research and GNF study helps explain how we can sense temperatures
6. Hops helps reduce ammonia produced by cattle
7. Common PGR helps creeping bentgrass weather drought
8. Eating like a bird helps forests grow
9. Young salamanders movement over land helps stabilize populations
10. New mathematical model helps biologists understand how coral dies in warming waters
11. New assay helps track termites and other insects
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(Date:3/2/2016)... March 2, 2016 ... addition of the  "Global Biometrics Market in ... ,     (Logo: http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20130307/600769) , , Global biometrics ... at a CAGR of around 27%   ... has announced the addition of the  "Global ...
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(Date:3/1/2016)... and SAN FRANCISCO , March ... HYPR Corp. and BitGo, Inc. extends biometric authentication to ... and private keys. Bitcoin transactions ... billion per month in digital assets with over 10,000 ... for any startup. HYPR enables enterprises to keep encrypted ...
Breaking Biology News(10 mins)<|endoftext|>Home » Solar Panel Fyffe, Alabama

Solar Panel Fyffe, Alabama

Electric bills in your area and the metering policy of your local grid can also affect the total cost of a solar system. The best solar panel option for your home will depend on your budget and solar installation cost, roof space, sun exposure and desired energy efficiency. Let’s take a look at the main types of panels and what you need to know to be a smart solar shopper.

With proper maintenance, solar systems can be less expensive and can provide power for over 30 years. The rising cost of electricity from traditional sources has made installing solar panels a breeze for many homeowners. The main factor in determining how much a solar panel system will save you in the long run is your electricity bill, which can vary based on your location.

However, solar panel efficiency is something that most homeowners looking to install a rooftop system want, as they are likely to have less room to work with than commercial solar projects or ground-mounted solar panel systems. Plus, with fewer high-efficiency panels, you’ll have room to expand your solar system if you buy an electric vehicle or add one to your home. More sun means more energy generated and more savings potential from solar energy.

Solar panels can be used for a wide variety of purposes, including remote power systems for cabinets, telecommunications equipment, remote sensing, and of course for generating electricity from residential and commercial solar power systems.


 believe an open approach to research and innovation – especially when it comes to transformative AI technologies – is better than leaving the know-how in the hands of a small number of big tech companies. That’s why we’ve released over 1,000 AI models, libraries and data sets for researchers over the last decade so they can benefit from our computing power and pursue research openly and safely. Openness is also crucial to ensuring developers, entrepreneurs and startups can use foundation models built by big companies to create new tools and to enhance the safety of AI through continuous and open innovation. Few things have captured the public imagination more in recent months than the significant breakthroughs we’ve seen in Artificial Intelligence, and generative AI in particular.

AR is still a nascent technology, mostly used to play games, to dress-up selfies with virtual decorations, and for more interactive shopping. Snap, Meta and other tech companies, though, are developing mixed reality devices that could make AR features available anywhere, through glasses. DALL-E translates text prompts into images, and ChatGPT writes fast responses to complex queries, like a more dynamic search engine. Google and Meta have already been working for years on similar technology, but they have not quite entered the consumer conversation.

China successfully launches a pilot reusable spacecraft, state media report

Additionally, Metamate, an internal productivity assistant driven by users’ text prompts, is being developed to help employees perform various tasks. Meta’s own metaverse platform, Horizons, is built around creativity and in particular, has been designed to allow users to build their own homes and environments within the VR environment. The company has strongly hinted that this is where its generative AI technology will come into its own. CTO Andrew Bosworth has said, “In the future, you might be able just to describe the world you want to create and have the large language model generate that world for you. Meta, the company that owns Facebook, has made an important announcement that has created excitement in advertising. With the positive quarterly results for Q1 2023, Meta has uncovered another addition to their money-making projects.

Yakov Livshits
Founder of the DevEducation project
A prolific businessman and investor, and the founder of several large companies in Israel, the USA and the UAE, Yakov’s corporation comprises over 2,000 employees all over the world. He graduated from the University of Oxford in the UK and Technion in Israel, before moving on to study complex systems science at NECSI in the USA. Yakov has a Masters in Software Development.

  • And it helps Meta to take on board a wide range of diverse perspectives from our users as we build our systems and products.
  • Snap’s Lens Studio has 300,000 creators building augmented reality filters, which are animated 3D digital creations.
  • Meta’s release of its generative AI music tools comes shortly after Google launched similar tools that turn text into music, called MusicLM.
  • It’s selling them directly and through iFixit, giving users a cheaper and more sustainable option than just buying a new unit when something goes wrong with the old one.

Meta has more advanced projects in the works for consumers to test AI-generated content. Last year, Meta teased a service called Make-A-Video, which has limited Yakov Livshits availability to the public. The service could spin up any type of artwork a person requests, say, a dog flying in a cape, or a spaceship on Mars.

In an internal all-hands meeting this morning, Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg said Meta is building generative AI into all of its products and reaffirmed the company’s commitment to an “open science-based approach” to AI research. Meta has made this generative AI Sandobx features available to a select group of advertisers. Yakov Livshits The second feature of the AI sandbox is a background generation tool that simplifies the creation of uniquely different campaign materials. Based on text prompt as an inference input, This allows brands to create unique ads with trendy and engaging backdrops that align with the ad’s core idea.

Facebook users are now able to delete some personal information that can be used by the company in the training of generative artificial intelligence models. Meta plans to first release its AI agents on Messenger and WhatsApp but sees a broader future for such technologies that may see them expanding across its family of applications, and eventually to smart glasses, Zuckerberg told employees. In those cases, the vision is that consumers would wear some sort of smart glasses — similar to Meta’s Ray-Ban Stories — to interact with the agents via voice. It consists of three AI models, all tackling different areas of sound generation.

However, Meta believes its new model can usher in a new wave of songs in the same way that synthesizers changed music once they became popular. Prior to joining The Verge, she covered the intersection between technology, finance, and the economy. Most notably, the model was able to generate a rather realistic human hand, save for a few glitches, which A.I. Merging the two has been difficult and, though OpenAI released its multi-modal GPT-4 in March, A.I.

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Carrito de compra<|endoftext|>Wednesday, April 14, 2010

Are squirrels rare in Ireland??

I was walking through the park today and this rather non-crazy looking woman stopped me, causing me take out my headphones, and pointed out a gray squirrel. WTF?? Don't get me wrong, I'm an animal lover. Had she pointed out a rare bird or small mammal (it was the center of Dublin after all) I would have been appreciative of this. But a gray squirrel?? Ever since the summer we were camping on the Outer Banks and squirrels chewed through our CAMPER to get to our Oreo cookies, I've considered them rodents. That's right, rats with bushy tales. And I don't want to relive the horror of the demonic squirrel that used to bury breadsticks in my flower pots at my apartment in Baltimore. The woman upstairs was TERRIFIED of this squirrel. Today, I feigned interest in the stupid squirrel and carried on my merry way, but it was all I could do to not say to her, 'Seriously? That's why you stopped me?? Show me a Delmarva Fox Squirrel THEN I'll get excited!'

I'm a biology snob.

  1. I think the gray squirrel is not native to the UK or Ireland. It's displaced the red squirrel in many areas. But if she knew that, you'd have think she'd have said so and be more likely to point out a red squirrel to you!

  2. That explains why my husband also gets excited about squirrels.

  3. My family gets that way about deer.
    OOOOHHHHH. Look!! A deer!!
    Really? Here in the woods or Northern Michigan?
    You. Don't. Say.
    Tell me when you STOP seeing deer. Now THAT would be news.

  4. wow- my husband was all excited about a squirrel the other day! I was also like, wtf?!<|endoftext|>为了您获得更好的浏览体验，请将您的浏览器更新到最新版本！
2020年3月18-20日
上海新国际博览中心

Cassandra Melvin

Cassandra Melvin
Global Product Manager, SC/FEC, Atotech

个人简介

Cassandra Melvin received her BS in Business Management and Neuropsychology at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and is Global Product Manager for Semiconductor and Functional Electronics Coatings at Atotech Deutschland GmbH. She is responsible for a product portfolio that includes electrolytic and electroless plating processes used in chip manufacturing and packaging, as well as lead frame and connector production.

Prior to joining the Atotech team, she held the position of Business Manager at the SUNY Polytechnic Institute (formerly the College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering) focusing on technical programs for semiconductor chemistry and equipment. She also held various project and program management roles in (semiconductor) operations and IT at SUNY.

Cassandra's written work has been published in leading technical magazines and presented at key conferences globally. She is a member of the SEMI Power Electronics Committees for Europe and is Chairwoman of the SEMI Women in Technology group.

摘要

As electro-mobility gains momentum, there is increasing pressure on the power semiconductor supply chain to enhance existing technologies. To satisfy the requirements for next generation power semiconductors in HEV/EV and e-mobility products, power packages must provide higher reliability and power density, better energy efficiency and management, and reduced package size.

A new electroplating system addresses these requirements. The new system enables a more efficient and cost effective method for embedding power chips with simultaneous metal deposition on both wafer sides. Additional system features provide technical benefits for embedded technologies and enable further miniaturization of power semiconductor packages to comply with future product requirements. Power management is a primary concern – particularly for thick Cu heat sink requirements – and the new tool delivers the benefit of thick Cu deposition up to 50µm for optimized dissipation.

Additional tool benefits include: 1) handling and processing of Taiko wafers with ≥50µm thickness, 2) significant warpage compensation using dual side metallization 3) individual control of plating parameters for each wafer side for plating on different design layouts and Cu thicknesses, 4) plating of up to 50µm Cu on wafer scale, and 5) improved manufacturing efficiency with 25 percent fewer process steps, thereby leading to 6) a cost per wafer reduction of 25 percent.

This paper will discuss how the new system's features enable these benefits and will present key process results as demonstrated in the EmPower consortium.


 live without sharing. I'm grateful for it no matter how tough it was.

All in all, the week was tough but I always look for the lessons and messages in everything I grow through. I'm just beyond grateful to be back and motivated than ever to continue growing with my online community behind me.

MYOUTFITONLINE set | MYTHOPTICAL sunglasses | Zara bag
Earrings bought from Greece

amandasig.jpg+(1) (1).jpeg
StyleAmanda KorinaComment<|endoftext|>Authors on Issues: Valerie Francisco on “My Family’s Slave”

This is the inaugural post of our new series, Authors on Issues, in which UIP authors weigh in on current events.

Valerie Francisco, author of The Labor of Care: Filipina Migrants and Transnational Families in the Digital Age, responded to the recent cover story in the Atlantic by Alex Tizon entitled “My Family’s Slave”. Labor of Care examines the impact of global care chains on the families of migrant women from the Philippines and the emergence of new forms of intimacy and care work as the women navigate and negotiate the emotional and material consequences of family separation. Labor of Care will be available in Spring 2018.

Lola’s Community

Eudocia Tomas Pulido was her name. In Alex Tizon’s recent cover story in The Atlantic, he revealed that his family called her Lola. In his melancholy and beautiful writing, Tizon captured what Lola’s life was like from his gaze. She was “gifted” to his mother at a young age; a practice stemming from a history of colonialism and the ongoing system of feudalism in the Philippines. As Tizon traces Lola’s life braided into his mother’s marriage and his upbringing, his heart wrenching account demonstra

ted that she was mostly isolated, subjugated and dejected. Her role as a domestic worker in his family, although essential, was often constrained by abuse and exploitation. At the end of Lola’s life, and sadly with Tizon’s untimely death as well (the story was published posthumously), Lola was a solitary character who lived a life that was hard and desolate.

There are and have been millions like Lola. Filipinas who have been bought, sold, traded and have chosen domestic servitude as work. The current politics and economic systems in the Philippines treat Filipinas as if they were goods, shipped all over the globe for the price of remittances. In fact, the Philippine’s labor export policy has made a $25 billion-dollar industry on Filipinas working as domestic workers in over 150 countries. So in all intents and purposes, Lola was not alone.

This is the tricky part for me.

Tizon captured Lola as a lonely and alone character in his life. And for the most part, I would agree that the lives of Filipinas working as domestic workers are often exhausting and back-breaking with little to no reprieve. But there were and are so many of them. So why was she so alone? Lola’s life was tiring and grim, like perhaps so many other Filipinas working as domestic workers.

But they are also indefatigable. Their spirits bafflingly resolute. Persistent. And often, in the midst of the mundane tasks of sustaining the life of a family—whether it be picking up or dropping off children from school or daycare, or collecting groceries for meals, or washing and drying laundry—Filipinas are also keen, almost strangely skilled, at finding one another. In aisles of grocery stores, benches in playgrounds, and pick up points in front of schools, they assess one another’s faces and accents sniffing out provinces and dialects. They find respite in one another, even in the ten-to-twenty minute wait before their charges come charging out. They exchange phone numbers, and before then letters, to connect with one another.

Maybe because Filipinas feel alone in the doldrums of their daily work; when they see someone who could be remotely Filipino, they are quick to throw a “kamusta?” out into the crowd like a fisherman casting a line out to the water. I’m sure Lola did this. If not her, someone must have done it to her. After all, she raised four children in a major U.S. city on the west coast, known ports of entry for Filipino migrants. A conversation must have started about her situation. Lola must have met someone she confided in. Someone she shared the contradiction of loving the family she worked for and hating that she couldn’t—wouldn’t—be able to imagine her life without working for them.

In my book Labor of Care: Filipina Migrants and Transnational Families in a Global Digital Age, I found that Filipinas in similar situations as Lola—trapped in domestic servitude by co-ethnic employers who brought them here to the U.S.—were often weary. However, it was a “community of care” that brought them respite and even, laughter, if they allowed it. Filipina migrants working as domestic workers would pool together in shared geographies of play dates and pick-ups. They’d share their daily tribulation mixed with their often transnational victory—a child’s graduation, a parent’s medical bill paid or a house bought in the Philippines. But they would share their innermost feelings over a train ride or a waiting session.

So perhaps Lola was lonely in her eyes, in the eyes of the family she served, in the words of Alex Tizon. But what if Lola was to tell her story? Maybe even a Filipina from her community? How, then, would her story be told?

–Valerie Francisco

About michael

Marketing & Sales Manager since 2012<|endoftext|>Table of Contents

International Women's Day is a day dedicated to celebrating the social, cultural, economic, and political achievements of women all around the world. It is a time to acknowledge the importance of women in our lives and to show appreciation for their contributions to society.

If you are looking for a unique and fun way to celebrate Women's Day in the office, then games are the perfect way to do so. They not only provide an opportunity to engage in team-building activities, but also create a fun and relaxed environment where colleagues can come together to celebrate and appreciate the achievements of women in the workplace.

In this article, we will explore 12 exciting games that can be played in the office to make your Women's Day celebration a success. Whether you are a manager planning an event or an employee looking for ideas, these games will surely add an element of fun and excitement to your Women's Day celebration.

Download our Women's Day Celebration Kit now!

Get ready to celebrate International Women's Day in style! Our Women's Day Celebration Kit is the ultimate resource for companies looking to recognize and celebrate the women in their workplace.

Download now

12 Interesting games for women's day celebration in office

Here are 12 amazing games for women’s day celebration in office that will surely add an extra spark to your Women's Day celebration.

1. The guessing game

People Needed: There are no boundaries; this game is ideal for up to 15 females.

Items needed: A clear bowl, paper, and pens.

Instructions: Give each woman a pen and a piece of paper. Have them list two or three self-reflections on paper. Put the papers you collected from all the women in the bowl.

Bring one woman to the middle and let her to choose a folded piece of paper from the bowl. She has to read the truths aloud and identify the author. Note the points in writing. The woman with the most points in the end wins.

2. Guess the thing

People needed: No rules, ideal for 20 ladies playing in pairs.

Items needed: A few standard home goods, papers, and pencils.

Instructions: Form two women into a pair, and have them sit with their backs to one another. The domestic item bag will belong to one of the partner, and the pen and paper to the other. Without giving away the specific name of the object, the woman carrying the bag must explain it to her partner while asking her to identify what kind of object it is.

She must record her guess on paper when she has made one. 90 seconds pass between each round. Whoever correctly answers the most questions at the conclusion of the game wins. You might plan to give the winners some presents.

3. Bottle spinner

People needed: No limits are necessary, and this game is ideal for 15 or more females.

Things needed: A bottle and nail paints

Instructions: This cute twist makes it different from the standard Spin the Bottle game. Place some nail polish bottles in a circle on your table for this activity, allowing enough room in the centre for a bottle to spin. Gather around the table in a circle. Each woman in the group must spin the bottle one at a time. After the bottle stops spinning, the woman it is pointing at gets one minute to paint her nails with the nail polish in front of her.

In a minute, try to paint as many nails as you can. The bottle should be spun until each lady has a turn. The lady with the most painted nails wins after each woman has had a turn.

4. Music puzzle game

People needed: No limit, perfect game for 20 or more women

Things need: Phone/music player, paper, pen and 2 buzzers

Instructions: This game requires some preparation, so make a playlist before you plan the game to play during. Also write some questions about the songs, such as "Who is the singer of this song?", "What is the hook of this song?", "Who was the guest on this song?" etc. when the guests arrive, divide the women into pairs. If there are more than four ladies in your company, divide into additional groups and conduct the game in batches. Call the first batch ie. two groups of four women each.

Give each track