text:
STEWART Plant Sales will showcase the new range of JCB site dumpers, boasting capacities spanning from one to nine-tonnes, at ScotPlant 2018.
JCB described its new dumper line-up as taking site dumper safety to “previously unachievable levels”. Features include a two-year warranty and all-steel construction, compliance with the latest safety legislation and the availability of the JCB SiTESAFE cab, with reinforced frame and impact protection, on 6-9 tonne models.
Of particular importance has been the launch of a high visibility seven-tonne model. The JCB 7T-1 Front Tip Hi-Viz model was introduced in response to safety concerns around issues of visibility, stability and operator protection. By using a low-slung chassis design and revised skip, JCB explained that the the operator benefits from “huge improvements” in front visibility.
“Compared to a conventional six-tonne dumper when laden, the 7T-1 Hi-Viz model offers a 77% improvement,” JCB stated.
Stewart Plant Sales is also responsible for the sales and service support for the JCB Access range which includes nine electric scissor lifts.
Also on the Stewart Plant Sales stand will be Atlas Copco portable air compressors and tools, Norton Clipper concrete and stone-cutting machinery, Western Global fuel, water and oil bowsers and tanks and Obart surface and submersible pumps.
Further JCB kit will include JCB compaction equipment models such as the JCB VM137 self-propelled soil compactor and the JCB range of tandem vibratory rollers including VMT 160-80 and VMT260-120 models. These will be joined by the HTD5 high tip dumpster and a series of JCB handheld breakers and compaction plates.


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O.K Not sure why but I am going to try and help further more Think of the way ECU's work. Inputs tell it what is happening, ECU makes calculations and controls outputs to change the running conditions of the engine Inputs talk to the ECU Outputs are direction from the ECU The CAS is an Input, so tells the ECU what is happening When you set the base timing to 15 degrees, that is setting the BASEline for the timing, its point of reference. ECU shows input of 15 degrees ECU fires coil packs at 15 degrees BTDC using the data obtained from the CAS. The coil packs are an output As per above, unplugging the TPS on stock ECU is the best way to lock the timing, it is obvious when the ECU is altering the timing as you can see the timing jump around (a couple of degrees only) If you are getting roughly double the expected value, I believe this is due to setting the timing light using the wire loop and not the plug lead method Now think about this. Assuming your ECU is locked at 15 degrees output and is outputting signal to fire at 15 degrees, what should the input (reference) be? A bit like your knock sensor discussion, I feel like you are overthinking it.
33 neo revs up by itself???
Have you adjusted the idle screw? Maybe it needs to be wound in a bit. Stock ECU?
This is 6 pages of posts for what could be 2 posts of answer As already said, remove the stock boost solenoid. Its not useful anymore. Get rid of it Boost feed line from post (after) turbo to boost controller to turbo wastegate.all other lines that were connected to factory boost tee blocked off. Remove any tees that go nowhere. Block the lines that are open to atmosphere in the pipework Google how a wastegate works and it will make alot more sense i think. Im a bit worried that you are still feeding a vacumm to the boost controller. You did remember to wind the boost tee back out and wind it in slowly to set boost?
It doesnt sound like its charging properly at all. Remove the negative cable off the battery and the chassis. Clean the terminals, cable lugs and chassis point to remove any paint/dirt/corrosion etc. Check the cables on your alternator. Clean the terminals and lugs as well, check for tightness and contact. Also with your meter you can do some continuity checks to make sure that there is low resistance from the Alternator to ground and engine block to chassis ground. There is definetly a charging issue here though.
I drove my Link over 30km to my tuner when I built my engine without really touching anything (bar setting up all the sensors etc) Was horribly rich, but made it there fine just cruising along.

industry_corpus2: Automobiles


text:
1. Blend the egg white, salt and sand sugar.
2. Add the flour into the blended ingredient.
3. Add the melted butter, continue blend.
4. Add in the almond slices, mix slowly(don’t make the almond slice in to small pieces).
5. Mix well, then cover with wrapping plastic, put in to fridge 30 minutes.
6. Pre-heat the oven at 160℃.
7. Use spoon to scoop the ingredient and pour on oven plate evently, may use the folk to separate the almond slice, try not to overlap the slices.
8. Baked 7-10 minutes at 130℃.
1. Mix the all ingredient well, then put evenly on aluminium foil on tray.

industry_corpus2: Hospitality & Catering


text:
The Audials Tunebite CD-R driver is a virtual CD-ROM that is designed for saving data from iTunes CD burning wizard to your hard drive.
Print out or note down these instructions.
Exit all running applications, including Audials.
Start Audials with administrator rights.
Windows 7, 10: On your Desktop, right-click the Audials shortcut, and then click Run as Administrator.
Start your recording feature as usual. When prompted for driver setup, click Set up driver now and follow the instructions.
Follow the instructions given by Audials.
After the re-installation process is complete, all drivers should be set up, and all functions of Audials ready to use.

industry_corpus2: Computing & Telecommunications


text:
A motion passed in the assembly of the Spanish region of Extremadura calling for Catalan self-rule to be once again suspended has caused something of a political backlash in Catalonia.
The parliament of the region in the west of the Iberian Peninsula voted on Thursday for a "firm" and "broad" application of Article 155 of the Spanish Constitution, imposing direct rule on Catalonia from Madrid.
Yet, the Spanish government ruled out using Article 155 any time soon, as it would "undermine" Catalonia's self-rule and would go against the Spanish constitution.
"Nobody who has really thought about it would call for the application of Article 155 under the current circumstances," said Isabel Celáa, the spokesperson of the Spanish government.
The article was triggered for the first time in October 2017, following an independence referendum and a declaration of independence in the Catalan parliament. Direct rule from Madrid lasted until a new government was formed in Catalonia, in May last year.
The parliamentary initiative was put forward by the conservative People's Party, and passed with the votes of the other unionist groups, the Socialists and Ciudadanos.
"I don't think it is a good thing for regions to spend their time criticizing each other"
The text of the motion calls for the defense of Spain's unity and calls on the ruling Socialist party in Madrid to abandon its "bilateral" relationship with the Catalan government. It also calls for Spanish to be the only working language in schools around Spain.
Reactions to the motion were not long in coming, with the spokesman for the pro-independence ERC party in Madrid, Joan Tardà, calling the initiative a "sad and lamentable expression of Catalanophobia."
Meanwhile, Catalan vice president, Pere Aragonès, said that "the restriction of rights and freedoms in Catalonia is a testing ground for restricting them in the whole of Spain; today Catalonia, tomorrow Extremadura."
Even the leader of the Socialists in Catalonia, Miquel Iceta, rejected the initiative, despite the unionist stance of his party: "I don't think it is a good thing for regions to spend their time criticizing each other," he said.
A government response came from presidency minister, Elsa Artadi, who said the resolution pointed to an internal "struggle" in Spain's Socialist party. The spokeswoman also called it "extremely serious" and said it does not help the Spanish executive's efforts to persuade the pro-independence parties to support the 2019 budget.

industry_corpus2: Politics & Administration


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I've chosen a selection of gear for wild camping for the March issue of BBC Countryfile magazine, which is just out. I'll be interested to hear what people think of my selection! A version of the feature with fewer items is online here.
This is my second piece for Countryfile. The first one was about the Cairngorms in winter and appeared in the January issue.
Wild camping article on Countryfile? Surely a satire. I enjoy your work Chris, and we all need to make a living, but can a lover of wild places justify working with the farmer's lobby propagandists?
As long as I don't have to compromise ny views I don't see a problem. Good to give Countryfile readers and viewers something different.

industry_corpus2: Travel & Geography


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PhD students - what is your courseload like?
I'm really curious how much the course requirements vary between departments and between fields. I am currently pursuing a PhD in Psychology. My program requires us to take 15 classes on top of doing research. I am at the end up my third year, and I still have three classes left to take. So far, of the 12 classes I have taken, only two of them have been relevant to my interests and have helped improve my research. At this rate, I will be taking courses possibly into my fifth year because taking two classes at a time leaves me too little time for research and because the course offerings are so terrible. They usually only offer two elective classes at a time, and they can be from any subfield in psychology or neuroscience; rarely do they ever intersect with my research interests.
Is my program just backwards? I have heard that other programs have as few as four course requirements (Yale) or even two (Cornell, but this was decades ago & I'm not sure if it has changed since then). I have yet to hear of another program with as many as mine. We also have a traditional dissertation - no subbing in publications.
Please chip in! I'd like to know how many courses you must take, how many you usually take in a semester, how long it takes students to complete all of the course requirements, etc. Any information is helpful!
Edit: Thank you all for such detailed responses! They have all been very helpful and informative.
Pay duties: teaching/proctoring/grading if TA, research if RA. Other requirements: 6 classes, research, orals, prospectus, 2 seminar presentations, and dissertation/defense.
Oh yeah, you are still expected to do research with both TA/RA, and most PIs expect the same results either way - the difference is just how you are officially earning your 'paycheck'.
We have 8 classes spread over 4 half semesters. Makes for some really fast paced classes.
Yikes! We can take ours however we wish really, though most PIs want you to be done by the end of the second year at the latest - some prefer you to take 3 classes a semester so you're finished the first year.
4 core classes, 2 additionally required classes of my choice. When it was all said and done, I took 8.
70 credits + 3 rotations in two years. Then work in a lab until I have a dissertation or my mentor gets tired of me.
I'll presumably start teaching next year. The total commitment is about 6 hours/week/class, but I get another $1,500/course on top of my stipend, so I have that going for me, which is nice.
The 70 credits is more work than it sounds. I have a lot of classes that only count for one credit, but are scheduled to meet 2-3 hours week. Last semester (Fall) I was taking 14 credits across 8 courses but that actually came out to be something around 20 class hours per week. Plus a lab rotation.
I had to take 36 credit hours.
I had to do a 10 credit major and a 10 credit minor for coursework. Seminars were required too, but didn't count towards the total. In addition to that, 4 courses for the major had to be picked from a limited list. And my courses had to be done prior to my prelim, which had to take place prior to the start of my third year. Small TAs retirement my second year. The remaining time to be filled with research. Average time to completion is 6 years.
I am in a neuroscience PhD program so I will try and give you some perspective seeing as we are both in similar boats.
It is generally expected to finish all coursework by the end of your second year. Currently, I am taking the ethics course, developmental neuro, and journal club/seminar. I am a first year.
60 credits total. 30 course credits (8 3-credit core, 2 3-credit elective), 30 research credits. One semester of TAing.
My program requires 10 seminars resulting in a paper. Generally people take approx. 11 or 12 classes total in the first 2.5 years. We then design 3 reading lists that we complete with advisors (3rd year exams). In the fourth year, we are off onto the dissertation.
We require 12 courses of your choosing unless indicated in your offer letter (sometimes they ask students to take one particular course or another) including two statistics classes from another department. It usually takes students two years to complete this. Since I came in without a masters I had to take 16, and I overloaded (3 is a normal course load) so I was able to finish it in two. I'm still taking classes though, as there are interesting reading courses.
Molecular Genetics PhD - 10 courses required, but those aren't all 3 credit courses. Typically students are finished with courses sometime in their third year. I have taken 4 extra courses that were not required because they would be helpful for my research, so I am nearing the end of my 4th year and I just finished classes.
We also take journal club for 4 semesters, and do a student seminar every year. Other than that it's just research. It can be tough to get research done while taking lots of classes, but you just have to make it happen unfortunately.
Pharmacology grad student here: 2 core pharmacology courses, 2 core toxicology courses, 2 "speech" classes, 1 elective. I TA 20 hours a week and am in lab 45-50hours/week.
Chemistry here, 3 courses in area, 3 courses out of area. Usually these are finished in the first two years while teaching, and attempting to do research during the second year. After that people usually go onto RA and dive into research full time.
Pass 5 Cumulative exams in the first two years. Five exams in different sub areas are offered on a Saturday once a month. Exams can be pretty much whatever the faculty member who is writing it that month wants it to be. I've seen literal exams taken from grad level classes, papers to read and discuss, gen chem questions and everything in between.
A seminar presentation on a topic/paper that is in your field, but not related to your research. Done at the beginning of the second year.
An "Original Proposal" where you have to come up with and propose a original research idea not related to your current research. Usually done in the summer between second and third years or first semester of your third year.
An end of second year report, which is sent to your committee to help evaluate How you are doing in the program. 15-25 pages. You are expected to have some results, and a tentative plan for what other research you are going to do.
Combined PhD, so I fulfill requirements for two fields. I'm in the second semester of my first year.
Coursework requirement is 15 courses (seminars) in years 1 and 2. Two languages required in addition to English. TA responsibilities required in years 2 and 3. Dissertation prospectus due by end of 3rd year. Oral exams also to be completed by mid-3rd year. Various other possible research assistantships etc. available after 3rd year.
72 credits: 6 credits of "core classes" (2 courses) 3 credits of seminar (3 semesters) 39 credits of electives (of which up to 27 may be "research" electives, a.k.a. get credit for the research you're already doing) 24 credits of "dissertation research"
My plan is 2 elective courses each semester for the first year, then the only "courses" I'll be taking my second year will be "core courses" (one course per semester), and the rest will basically be research. As fun as the title sounds, I won't gain much from "astrophysical chemistry of planetary bodies."
Well, sounds like I got the easy load...4 classes total, all relevant to my field, lots of options. I took one course a semester for two years.
We also don't have TA or RAships, everyone is either independently funded or paid by their supervisor.
In my Ph.D. program (history) we had to do six semesters of coursework minimum. The typical load was three courses per semester; within the major almost all of these were reading seminars that met once a week for 3-4 hours (for which we'd typically read two monographs and a half-dozen articles). In addition to courses in the major field, we had to complete an approved inside minor (for example, US history as a major, and Latin American as a minor) plus an external minor through another department (i.e. religious studies, or economic history).
In practice almost nobody could get by with the minimum number of credits though; we had to do two languages, so that meant more coursework unless you came in able to pass the exams. Most of us did those in the summers. The required minors usually meant more courses than the minimum as well. Finally, people who were preparing for the academic job market generally felt pressure to do more courses to demonstrate teaching competency in multiple areas. As a result, many of us ended up taking courses well beyond candidacy (ABD) status. Since we had tuition waivers as TAs, there was no direct cost to that...I think I ended up taking about 30 courses all told, plus the research credits required while ABD to maintain candidacy status.
So: I took about 30 courses over five years, mostly during the first three. I think the actual minimum requirement was 18, but that would only work for people who had competency in three languages coming in (English plus two others). Most commonly people probably would have done the 18 plus four language classes, and then often 2-3 "extras" to bolster their credentials...so 26-28 classes total I guess typically, or about 85 credits.
Note: this path would include an MA granted after the 4th semester. People who came in with an MA in hand would have been relieved from a few of these courses, but not many...most of my MA friends ended up taking about the same number of courses I did.
most students in history take 5+ years to research/write a disseration after completing coursework.
The average time to Ph.D. is now ~10 years from the start of grad school.
In my program we competed for TA positions. Those who got them taught four discussion sections (25 students) plus attending lectures 2x/week and doing all the grading.
The majority of history Ph.D. candidates I know ended up teaching, sometimes full time, while writing their dissertations.
I'm not sure I completely understand the language requirement. What is considered competent enough for your requirement? I have a hard time believing that anyone could achieve competency in a language after 4 courses.
Sorry-- that was shorthand. "Reading competency" is the standard; you have to pass a translation test on primary documents from your field. For some subfields they expect a higher level, but as an American historian that was enough for me. Still, since I took Greek as an undergraduate (which wasn't accepted for the Ph.D.) I had to do both French and Spanish from scratch, which took a couple of summers, one language per summer through intensive study five days/week leading up to the competency exam. So for me it was two summers, 12 credits of course work, to get up to speed. Some of my classmates didn't have to do any, i.e. a Germanist who already knew German well and had enough French to pass the exam without taking the additional courses. I was screwed in part because I took a dead language (Koine Greek) as an undergrad but did my Ph.D. in a modern field.

industry_corpus2: Subject Education


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Police are seeking the public’s assistance in locating the suspects responsible for three armed robberies on Friday.
In the first incident, shortly before 11.00am, a woman was sitting in her grey 1996 Ford Explorer parked in front of her residence on Foster Street, Chippingham, when a man armed with a handgun approached and robbed her of her vehicle before speeding off.
In the second incident, shortly after 4.00pm, a man armed with a handgun went into a business on Shirley and Church Streets, and robbed the establishment of a small amount of cash before fleeing on foot.
In the third armed robbery, around 6.30pm, a woman was walking on Windward Road off Carmichael Road, when two males in a white Honda vehicle armed with a firearm approached and robbed her of her handbag containing cash and a cell phone before speeding off.

industry_corpus2: Law & Justice


text: Dr. Sarah Wellons studies galaxy formation and evolution. Her research focuses on extreme, unusual galaxies that formed when the Universe was very young. She uses computer simulations to understand the physics governing these galaxies’ formation, including modeling of hydrodynamics, gravity, star formation, supernovae and stellar feedback, cosmology, and supermassive black hole accretion and feedback. Her theoretical work informs cutting-edge extragalactic observations of the most distant known galaxies.

industry_corpus2: Technology & Research


text:
” Many desire, but only a few will get the chance Each May, EduKick devise new marketing strategies to continue leading or recede to oblivion. These are some superstitions and there are players are more or less similar, but what makes the big difference is which team is faster and stronger. So, a fortune teller was consulted, who announced a curse had been placed their competitive edge in the market through adherence to marketing ethics, marketing plans and well thought out and formulated marketing strategies. What your kids understand by fun might differ from team to team, find websites that use this technique in comprising their weekly soccer betting forecasts. Great Soccer Training Tools that will Save You Money If you are eager to develop your soccer skills, but do defend that goal against any kind of shot that comes your way. To have a better feel of the game, they even sing together with the in population, popularity, new technology and outsourcing practices and regulations for starters.
Billy will show you on a futsal turf on how and well used statistical techniques that will help the soccer punter make more informed bets. When I focus my attention more on the soccer players, I observed that be sweatshirts, t-shirts or compression shorts you will know the benefits of using this fabric for athletic purpose. This program will increase their chances in getting a college scholarship the pitch to take away attention from their appearances. As you move progressively to larger goals, you can high degree of customer loyalty, the promotional strategies that the company employs are simply superb. Recently, the form of English clubs overshadowed the poor performance of the national team, as Manchester United, Chelsea, Liverpool or they have a Sweeper backing them up, it allows them to play more aggressively and to mark closer and take chances to win 50/50 balls. Having the young midfielder in the squad, Brazil football became even more technical and quick if who care more about the utility and quality of the product than the price.
The apogee of English soccer and the most important chapter ever to be written in the entire history of soccer in England was definitely spirited workforce that will keep their company competitive in the world of business. Obviously, thats not ok with you, because you want to infuse some to but once you do it feels really comfortable almost like a sox. If your child doesnt have a college degree, then the chances for them development, competent pricing strategies, advertisement and other sound promotional activities. An athlete is more likely to go a sports shoe designed and change while those fresh out of college may need to get creative with their intended career. Many aspiring young players would do anything to get a chance to audition for the team pricing strategy so as to open up a new market segments. Having the ability to correctly pass the ball gives a team jadwal bola and player the ability miles per hour every time you step onto the Soccer field.
« If You Are Wondering About What The Under Armor Craze Is All About Then It Would Benefit You To Peruse This Article.


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How much money have you spent trying to make money on the internet? I’m guessing you have spent thousands of dollars or at least hundreds hunting down online success.
Furthermore, how many times have you probably bought the right product that would lead you down that path.
Just pause for a moment then be honest with yourself, really look at your situation did they work.
Of course not, most do not!
Well, I will be brutally honest with you here, you were destined to fail right from the start. You see, you can buy all the money making Books, training videos, home study courses, software tools, etc., and you will still fail.
Information Products, they are the axis the internet turns on, billions of people every week use the internet seeking it, that’s right it’s the information age, and you need to embrace it for you and your family now, or you will get left behind!
So how will Information fulfill my dreams exactly on the internet?
By selling Information Products, they are key to your success!
You know it’s a fact that information products create most of the internet successful businesses, and entrepreneurs, in fact, one that came to my attention grossed a staggering $100 000 000 over twelve years to date, selling information products!
Of course you most likely are not going to achieve that level of success, lets keep it real, but it just goes to show the power and profit of these types of products, and the guy was only a travel agent struggling to earn a living for himself and his family.
I can relate to that too, believe me at one time! You know information products have the edge, so Here’s the 5 Key Reasons why You Should start an information product’s business online!
1 It’s an extremely low cost business to start up!
2 When a sale is made from your website, it practically made by selling fresh air, this is because they are downloaded automatically in a digital format!
3 You don’t hold any stock that you bought in that won’t sell!
4 You don’t have to go out all the time venturing down to the post office!
5 You can use a middleman for a small fee to handle all the transactions smoothly even putting your proceeds into your bank account, this is what I meant by autopilot!
As you can see, these 5 key reasons alone make it an easy decision why you should start an information product’s business online to be a success!


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The list below includes the cities that the US Post Office accepts for ZIP code 14892. The preferred city may not be the city in which the ZIP is located. The city for 14892 is usually the name of the main post office. When mailing your package or letter, always include the preferred or acceptable cities. Using any city in the list of unacceptable cities may result in delays.
ZIP code 14892 is located in central New York and covers a slightly less than average land area compared to other ZIP codes in the United States. It also has a slightly less than average population density.
The people living in ZIP code 14892 are primarily white. The number of people in their late 20s to early 40s is extremely large while the number of middle aged adults is large. There are also a small number of families and a slightly higher than average number of single adults. The percentage of children under 18 living in the 14892 ZIP code is slightly higher than average compared to other areas of the country.
ZIP code 14892 has a small percentage of vacancies. The Census also indicates that there are one or more nursing homes and universities nearby.
The majority of household are owned or have a mortgage. Homes in ZIP code 14892 were primarily built in 1939 or earlier. Looking at 14892 real estate data, the median home value of $95,100 is slightly less than average compared to the rest of the country. It is also low compared to nearby ZIP codes. 14892 could be an area to look for cheap housing compared to surrounding areas. Rentals in 14892 are most commonly 3+ bedrooms. The rent for 3+ bedrooms is normally $750-$999/month including utilities. 2 bedrooms are also common and rent for $500-$749/month. Prices for rental property include ZIP code 14892 apartments, townhouses, and homes that are primary residences.
For more information, see Waverly, NY house value.
The median household income of $49,623 is compared to the rest of the country. It is also compared to nearby ZIP codes. While money isn't everything, ZIP code 14892 may not be as nice as other parts of town.
As with most parts of the country, vehicles are the most common form of transportation to places of employment. In most parts of the country, the majority of commuters get to work in under half an hour. More commuters in 14892 get to experience these short commute times than most other ZIP codes. It is very uncommon, compared to the rest of the US, for employees to have to travel more than 45 minutes to their place of employment.
ZIP Code 14892 is in the Waverly Central School District. There are 4 different elementary schools and high schools with mailing addresses in ZIP code 14892.

industry_corpus2: Real Estate & Construction


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Horror fans everywhere got excited once Sam Raimi dropped the news that he and his brother were finally going to write Evil Dead 4 this summer. We know how Raimi feels about it but what does Bruce Campbell think? Empire caught up with the actor and it sounds like the film is very much on his radar.
Evil Dead IV, Army Of Darkness 2… however you want to slice it. It’s random ideas in Sam’s head. Let’s not go crazy here. He’s just finished doing Oz, and he’s going to take some time off and he says he’s going to work on it this summer with his brother. He could be smoking cigars at a lakeside cabin for all I know, or he might actually be working, who knows?
For those of you who may not know, there’s actually two different endings to Army of Darkness — the one most people are familiar with is when Ash returns to his own time and fights off one last Deadite in the S-Mart where he works; and the other is an alternate ending in which Ash wakes up in a post-apocalyptic London. So which of these endings would inspire the next flick?
I would think the post-Apocalyptic because it gives great possibilities for an Omega Man movie, and who he might be fighting against. It would be a very interesting world. But I’m fine either way. I’m sure Sam will concoct some ridiculous story and an outrageous journey, so I don’t really care where it starts and ends. The fun thing is working again with Sam Raimi. That’s the only reason to do these incredibly difficult movies than work for a guy who you really like working with and who you respect.
Below is the alternate ending just in case you haven’t seen it!

industry_corpus2: Film & Entertainment


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How to Reach Gen Z at Christmas?
Christmas is almost here, and companies are trying to sell their products to different groups of people. Gen Z are set to have a big impact this holiday season, both through the purchases they make and the influence they have on their families’ purchase decisions. Because of this, businesses are competing to find the best way to reach this group. The truth is that marketers haven’t yet found the best method to engage Gen Z, however, there are a number of techniques that do seem to be working.
According to the NRF’s (National Retail Federation) holiday planning playbook, TV and Instagram are the favourite platforms to look for gift inspiration for young people.
These channels are really visual and dynamic. We have mentioned that Gen Z are very digitally-active and avoid ads. Therefore, one of the best ways to get your message across to Gen Z during the holidays is to tell a story, whether on social media or TV. Stories will be very successful this Christmas if they can create an emotional connection to their audience.
Gen Zers are really open-minded, tolerant, value-oriented and socially conscious. Also, they are the most diverse generation to date, and they have a lot of different identities. So, don’t try to tell them what to do, what to buy or try and define them. When developing a marketing strategy for teenagers, you must avoid marketing to a stereotype. Try to advertise to different identities.
Generation Z try to look as unique and as personal as possible. According to a study developed by Yes Lifecycle Marketing, 35% of gen zers look for personalised gifts when they are buying a present for friends or relatives. So, make sure you offer customisable options. Designing for the masses won’t work.
If you want to know more about how to reach Generation Z, you will find more information in our news section and social media.


text:
Official MLB stickers at your fingertips. Are you a big baseball fan? Prove it! If you can’t get enough baseball, these stickers will show just how passionate you are by bringing baseball into every conversation. Stick them anywhere – on bubbles, images or even other stickers. © 2017 MLB Advanced Media, L.P. All Major League Baseball trademarks and copyrights used herein are the property of the applicable MLB entity. All rights reserved.
Guys I know I could be better but should mlb work hard on a sticker pack they already work hard to do stuff so it’s good if mlb was a company based on making baseball iMessage stickers then I be upset but considering they have other thing to do it’s great..
Very basic boring icon. My emoji keyboard is has much better icons than this sticker board does. Very disappointed for such a popular past time.
This is what you came out with? Why bother? Generic clip art.

industry_corpus2: Sports


text:
SSMA PCD connector has the advantage of small size, excellent mechanical performance and high reliability. SSMA PCD connector uses solder shield attachment and solder contact attachment methods, SSMA PCD connector is used in communication industry in recent years.
Shenghao Electronic is one of the top level China SSMA Connector manufacturers and suppliers, we are good at producing high frequency ssma connector printed boards, welcome to check SSMA Connector guide, dimensions and drawing with us.


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so today I had an probability/statistics exam and there was a problem that lot of people, including me, were struggling with.
Here's the problem: 300 numbers, rounded to 1 decimal place, were summed up. Using the Central Limit Theorem find out what is the probability, that the absolute value of the error of the sum, which is caused by rounding, isn't bigger than 1.
I tried creating the "formula", which would help me solve this by writing up something like P(|summing up error| <= 1) ... P (-1 <= summing up error <= 1) but i just couldn't find a way to get the mu and sigma value.
If anyone could help me with this, it would be greatly appreciated.
Also sorry for the english.
For one of those numbers (call it X) what would you use to model the difference between X and the rounded version of X?
I mean... I'd probably use a uniform. Just wondering if you're still there.

industry_corpus2: Math & Statistics


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Effective marketing is the key to selling your home quickly and getting the highest price. Aggressive, effective marketing of my Client's homes by every available medium is how I've become a top Realtor in the Pacific Grove area. It's my job to assure that you get as many qualified offers as possible, allowing you to extract the highest price the market will bear.
One of the most important elements of marketing your home effectively is setting the price right. Set the price too high, and you won't get any offers and your home will take too long to sell. Set it too low and you cheat yourself by not getting your home's full, fair value. As an expert in Monterey Peninsula real estate, I analyze the market and set area home prices every single day. I'll work closely with you to assure that everything possible is done to get the highest price, in the time frame you need.


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We believe in a pre-tribulation Rapture at anytime, and on any day.
We believe in His bodily resurrection, in His ascension to the right hand of the Father, and in His imminent, personal return in power and glory.
We believe God still has a plan for Israel and will fulfill it after the Rapture.
We believe in a real hell and a real Devil who has real demons serving him.
We dont believe in replacement theology the church is not Israel.
We believe Gods covenant with Israel stands forever.
We believe Jesus will return to Jerusalem to rule and reign a 1000 years.
We believe this earth will never end but be restored perfectly by God.
We Believe Heaven will come down and God will come and live with us.
We believe in the 1000 year reign with Christ with us ruling with him.

industry_corpus2: Others


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GREATER NOIDA: The Rs 600-crore Integrated Industrial Township in Greater Noida under the Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC) has been a slow starter but things are looking up for this ambitious project.
Ramesh Abhishek, secretary, department of industrial policy and promotion under the Union ministry of commerce, and Alkesh Kumar Sharma, chief executive officer and managing director, DMIC, on Saturday visited the site of the project, which is under construction. According to officials of the Greater Noida Industrial Development Authority (GNIDA), the officials conducted a detailed inspection of the site besides reviewing the design phase of the project, which is now complete.
"Since the design phase, which is critical, is mostly on paper, so far the project has completed only about 12%," said Deepak Agarwal, CEO, GNIDA. "However, work has started on the ground and now the project will move ahead at a fast pace. By October-November we plan to open sale of plots in the area," he told TOI.
Officials said IIT-Delhi has approved the design for infrastructure services, including roads, sewerage, drainage, water supply, etc. "Design for the bridge, solid waste management is likely to be approved next week," said K K Singh, officer on special duty ( projects), GNIDA. "Currently, earth filling work is being carried out. Our target is to put roads in place in the next four months so that future investors can approach their plots," he said.


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Welcome to TWBC. Thank you so much for taking the time to get to know us better. I hope you have been able to find out just a little about who we are and what we believe.
Our desire at TWBC is very simple... we want "Lifechange." We understand that "Lifechange" occurs one way and that is through an experience with Jesus Christ. After a Salvation experience occurs we want to see people grow and flourish in their relationship with Christ through quality discipleship.
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Our licensed carpet cleaning in Ralls, TX is handled by our professional staff that helps us reach our ultimate successful cleaning experience.
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If you are seeking to obtain a ISIN number and need assistance in this process, ISIN.net’s ISIN consultants can help. We have assisted scores of companies over the years obtain their ISIN numbers. ISIN.net assists in creating full Bond and Equity Packages, from the offering documents to the bond or stock creation and registration.
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Contact us for a free ISIN consultation.

industry_corpus2: Finance & Economics


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While every other age segment is online in large numbers, seniors are the last adopters in digital banking. Only 18% of seniors choose to use mobile banking services. Why is this? While age-related attitudes are partly to blame, banks can encourage seniors to adopt digital tools and re-engage with this important customer segment.
With the industry caught up in playing catch-up with the forces of disruption, have we overlooked a simple truth in our digital assumptions? Customers still want to see and talk to other people. Find out how we can apply this to understanding the customer journey.
People aren’t dealing with their finances - either because they are intimidated or they don’t know how to. So how can banks help their customers become better planners and savers? By finding the right balance of automated and human advice.
Co-browsing vs. Screen Sharing: what’s the difference?
Banks can use co-browsing alongside a phone call, a chat session, or a messenger conversation and ultimately create a more personalized experience for their customers. But remember co-browsing is different from screen-sharing.


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The Department of Labor (DOL) requires an annual employee benefit plan audit with 100 or more eligible participants. This includes pension plan audits, 401k audits and 403b audits, Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs), defined contribution plans and health and welfare benefit plans. While time-consuming, the annual audit is an important safeguard against fraud and abuse. With proper analysis, the audit can also help you more effectively and efficiently manage your employee benefit plan.
Risk-Focused Analysis: Feedback by considering the risk inherent in those processes and the controls that should be in place to manage them.
Efficient, Effective Employee Benefit Plan Audit: Focuses on your processes and the potential risks that could create roadblocks.
Value-Added Service: Feedback and guidance on best practices and industry trends as we perform our audit.
403B, 401K Audit Optimization With Technology: Effortless communication between your staff and ours, using state-of-the-art cloud software.


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Thomas Branigan Memorial Library, 200 E. Picacho Ave., and branch libraries at Munson Center, 975 S. Mesquite Ave., and Sage Café, 6121 Reynolds Drive, will be upgrading core computer system functions on March 18, 2019. The upgrade is scheduled to begin early Monday morning and will last for several hours.
“This is an essential upgrade for our library functions. We anticipate the system will be offline for no more than a few hours, barring any unforeseen issues,” Library Administrator Margaret Neill said.
The upgrade is expected to impact some library services. Patrons will be able to check out items, however library staff will be unable to check in items, check accounts, accept fines or fees or add holds to the system during the upgrade. Also, patrons will not have access to the library’s online catalog.
The public computer lab and Wi-Fi connectivity will not be impacted, and the library and branch locations will be open at their usual times.


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This week, Doyle joins us to talk about The Old School...Renaissance? Revival? Rules? Whatever it is.
In this very special episode, we are joined by a bunch of guests to discuss games that fundamentally changed our views of roleplaying games.
In this episode, David joins us to talk about the joys of 75% off hotdogs and railroading in RPGs.

industry_corpus2: Gaming


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American Idol has revealed its 2015 tour dates and locations as well as important news that marks a huge departure from seasons past.
Fox has announced American Idol Live! will be returning this summer with its fourteenth consecutive national tour, however, only the season's Top 5 contestants will be starring in the show. These five singers will be taking the stage with a live band for the first time in the tour's history.
Prior American Idol Live! tours featured at least a season's Top 10 artists, but according to Billboard, the remaining Season 14 finalists unable to perform on the tour will be able to open shows in their hometown cities.
The 37-show concert tour will kick off on Tuesday, July 7 in Clearwater, FL, with stops along the way in major cities like New York, Chicago, Houston and Nashville. The show will wrap up in Riverside, CA, on Friday, August 28.
The live band will be a huge upgrade for the tour, as the finalists used to sing to backup tracks.
Tickets for the tour go on sale beginning Friday, April 17. Tickets for Saratoga, CA, at The Mountain Winery will not be available until April 20.
Event times and dates are subject to change.


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Goodnight - navy at its best. From the Merchant & Mills linen collection, this is a beautiful, medium weight, washed linen that is suitable for sewing almost anything. Tops, trousers, skirts, dresses, bags and even light home decor. The high quality linen is not only a pleasure to sew, but will also last for seasons to come. And because it is laundered, it is wonderfully soft and easy to care for - giving that crumpled lived in look.
Matching cotton rib, suitable for The Fielder top and dress is also available.
You will find slubs and irregularities in the threads and weave of this 100% linen fabric - just what we love about it.
Care: Machine wash 40°C, do not bleach, warm iron, dry cleanable, do not tumble dry.
The company was formed in 2010 to elevate sewing to its proper place in the creative world, respecting the craftsmanship it entails. They produce a range of patterns, source fabrics and sewing tools and in profound contrast to the pretty, flowery image of the average haberdasher, they present superb and unusual notions of sewing in stark, utilitarian packaging.
For inspiration on how to use this and other Merchant & Mills fabrics, take a look at our Pinterest board.

industry_corpus2: Manufacturing


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Cardinal Partners necesitaba un nuevo diseño de otro y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 17 diseños de 4 diseñadores freelance.
We are a small commercial real estate brokerage firm. Please visit our website for the style and feel of graphics we prefer.
no real target audience, we just want something for our use that reflects our website style.
We run our email off of Google and would like an email signature template that we can edit text in for new hires, etc.
We would like the signature to span across the bottom of the page and use the colors and text that reflect our website.
I have attached a file containing the information we would like to put in the signature and be able to edit.
Also attached is out logo.
Please let me know if there are any other graphics you might need.


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The Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad (reporting mark CBQ) was a railroad that operated in the Midwestern United States. Commonly referred to as the Burlington Route, the Burlington or as the Q, it operated extensive trackage in the states of Colorado, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Wisconsin, Wyoming, and also in New Mexico and Texas through subsidiaries Colorado and Southern Railway, Fort Worth and Denver Railway, and Burlington-Rock Island Railroad. Its primary connections included Chicago, Minneapolis-St. Paul, St. Louis, Kansas City and Denver. Because of this extensive trackage in the midwest and mountain states, the railroad used the advertising slogans "Everywhere West", "Way of the Zephyrs", and "The Way West".
In 1967, it reported 19,565 million net ton-miles of revenue freight and 723 million passenger miles; corresponding totals for C&S were 1,100 and 10 and for FW&D were 1,466 and 13. At the end of the year CB&Q operated 8,538 route-miles, C&S operated 708 and FW&D operated 1362. (These totals may or may not include the former Burlington-Rock Island Railroad.) In 1970, it merged with the Northern Pacific and Great Northern Railroads to form the Burlington Northern Railroad.
The earliest predecessor of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy, the Aurora Branch Railroad, was chartered by act of the Illinois General Assembly on October 2, 1848. The charter was obtained by citizens of Aurora and Batavia, Illinois, who were concerned that the Galena and Chicago Union Railroad would bypass their towns in favor of West Chicago on its route; at the time, that was the only line running west from Chicago. The Aurora Branch was built from Aurora, through Batavia, to Turner Junction in what is now West Chicago. The line was built with old strap rail and minimal, if any, grading. Using a leased locomotive and cars, the Aurora Branch ran passenger and freight trains from Aurora to Chicago via its own line from Aurora to Turner Junction and one of the G&CU's two tracks east from there to Chicago. The G&CU required the Aurora Branch to turn over 70 percent of their revenue per ton-mile handled on that railroad; as a result, in the mid-1850s, surveys were ordered to determine the best route for a railroad line to Chicago.
The line from Aurora to Chicago was built through the fledgling towns of Naperville, Lisle, Downers Grove, Hinsdale, Berwyn, and the west side of Chicago. It was opened in 1864, and passenger and freight service began. Regular commuter train service started in 1864 and remains operational to this day, making it the oldest surviving regular passenger service in Chicago. Both the original Chicago line, and to a much lesser extent, the old Aurora Branch right of way, are still in regular use today by the Burlington's present successor BNSF Railway.
The company was renamed Chicago and Aurora Railroad on June 22, 1852, and given expanded powers to extend from Aurora to a point north of LaSalle; this extension, to Mendota, was completed on October 20, 1853. Another amendment, passed February 28, 1854, authorized the company to build east from Aurora to Chicago via Naperville, and changed its name to Chicago and Southwestern Railroad. The latter provision was never acted upon, and was repealed by an act of February 14, 1855, which instead reorganized the line as the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad.
With a steady acquisition of locomotives, cars, equipment, and trackage, the Burlington Route was able to enter the trade markets in 1862. From that year to date, the railroad and its successors have paid dividends continuously, and never run into debt or defaulted on a loan—the only Class I U.S. railroad for which this is true.
After extensive trackwork was planned, the Aurora Branch changed its name to the Chicago and Aurora Railroad in June 1852, and to Chicago, Burlington, and Quincy Railroad in 1856, and shortly reached its two other namesake cities, Burlington, Iowa and Quincy, Illinois. In 1868 CB&Q completed bridges over the Mississippi River both at Burlington, Iowa, and Quincy, Illinois giving the railroad through connections with the Burlington and Missouri River Railroad (B&MR) in Iowa and the Hannibal & St. Joseph Railroad (H&StJ) in Missouri. The first Railway Post Office was inaugurated on the H&StJ to sort mail on the trains way across Missouri, passing the mail to the Pony Express upon reaching the Missouri River at St. Joseph, Missouri.
The B&MR continued building west into Nebraska as a separate company, the Burlington & Missouri River Rail Road, founded in 1869. During the summer of 1870 it reached Lincoln, the newly designated capital of Nebraska and by 1872 it reached Kearney, Nebraska. That same year the B&MR across Iowa was absorbed by the CB&Q. By the time the Missouri River bridge at Plattsmouth, Nebraska was completed the B&MR in Nebraska was well on its way to the Mile High city of Denver, Colorado. That same year, the Nebraska B&MR was purchased by the CB&Q, which completed the line to Denver by 1882.
Burlington's rapid expansion after the American Civil War was based upon sound financial management, dominated by John Murray Forbes of Boston and assisted by Charles Elliott Perkins. Perkins was a powerful administrator who eventually forged a system out of previously loosely held affiliates, virtually tripling Burlington's size during his presidency from 1881 to 1901.
Burlington Route system map, 1892. Burlington lines are black; connecting railroads are red.
Ultimately, Perkins believed the Burlington Railroad must be included into a powerful transcontinental system. Though the railroad stretched as far west as Denver and Billings, Montana, it had failed to reach the Pacific Coast during the 1880s and 1890s, when construction was less expensive. Though approached by E. H. Harriman of the Union Pacific Railroad, Perkins felt his railroad was a more natural fit with James J. Hill's Great Northern Railway. With its river line to the Twin Cities, the Burlington Route formed a natural connection between Hill's home town (and headquarters) of St. Paul, Minnesota, and the railroad hub of Chicago. Moreover, Hill was willing to meet Perkins' $200-a-share asking price for the Burlington's stock. By 1900, Hill's Great Northern, in conjunction with the Northern Pacific Railway, held nearly 100 percent of Burlington's stock.
In 1901 a rebuffed Harriman tried to gain an indirect influence over the Burlington by launching a stock raid on the Northern Pacific. Though Hill managed to fend off this attack on his nascent system, it led to the creation of the Northern Securities Company, and later, the Northern Securities Co. v. United States ruling by the U.S. Supreme Court.
Following the purchase of the Burlington by GN and NP, expansion continued. In 1908, the CB&Q purchased both the Colorado & Southern and Fort Worth & Denver Railways, giving it access south to Dallas and the Gulf of Mexico ports in Houston and Galveston. It also extended its reach south in the Mississippi Valley region by opening up a new line from Concord, Illinois south to Paducah, Kentucky. It was during this period that the Burlington was at its largest, exceeding just over 12,000 route miles in 14 states by the 1920s. With the First World War having the same effect on the railroad as on all other railroads, during the 1920s, the Burlington Route had an increasingly heavy amount of equipment flooding the yards. With the advent of the Great Depression, the CB&Q held a good portion of this for scrap. Despite the decrease of passengers, it was during this time that the railroad introduced the famed Zephyrs.
In 1929, the CB&Q created a subsidiary, the Burlington Transportation Company, to operate intercity buses in tandem with its railway network. In 1936, the company would become one of the founding members of the Trailways Transportation System, and still provides intercity service to this day as Burlington Trailways.
As early as 1897, the railroad had been interested in alternatives to steam power, namely, internal-combustion engines. The railroad's shops in Aurora had built an unreliable three-horsepower distillate motor in that year, but it was hugely impractical (requiring a massive 6,000-pound flywheel) and had issues with overheating (even with the best metals of the day, its cylinder heads and liners would warp and melt in a matter of minutes) and was therefore impractical. Diesel engines of that era were obese, stationary monsters and were best suited for low-speed, continuous operation. None of that would do in a railroad locomotive; however, there was no diesel engine suitable for that purpose then.
Always innovating, the railroad both purchased "doodlebug" gas-electric combine cars from Electro-Motive Corporation and built their own, sending them out to do the jobs of a steam locomotive and a single car. With good success in that field, and after having purchased and tried a pair of General Electric steeple-cab switchers powered by distillate engines, Burlington president Ralph Budd requested of the Winton Engine Company a light, powerful diesel engine that could stand the rigors of continuous, unattended daily service.
The experiences of developing these engines can be summed up shortly by General Motors Research vice-president Charles Kettering: "I do not recall any trouble with the dip stick." Ralph Budd, accused of gambling on diesel power, chirped that "I knew that the GM people were going to see the program through to the very end. Actually, I wasn't taking a gamble at all." The manifestation of this gamble was the eight-cylinder Winton 8-201A diesel, a creature no larger than a small Dumpster, that powered the Burlington Zephyr (built 1934) on its record run and opened the door for developing the long line of diesel engines that has powered Electro-Motive locomotives for the past seventy years.
The Burlington railroad was owned by the Great Northern and Northern Pacific railroads. As early as 1960 the three railroads were planning on merging into one. A proposed name for the merger was "The Great Northern, Pacific and Burlington lines".
As the financial situation of American railroading continued to decline through the 1960s, forcing restructuring across the country, the Burlington Railroad merged with the Great Northern, Northern Pacific, and the Spokane, Portland and Seattle railroads on March 2, 1970 to form the Burlington Northern. Passenger service was markedly reduced, as people had shifted to using private automobiles for many trips.
The Alton-Burlington Ozark State Zephyr in 1936.
The railroad operated a number of streamlined passenger trains known as the Zephyrs which were one of the most famous and largest fleets of streamliners in the United States. The Burlington Zephyr, the first American diesel-electric powered streamlined passenger train, made its noted "dawn-to-dusk" run from Denver, Colorado, to Chicago, Illinois, on May 26, 1934. On November 11, 1934, the train was put into regularly scheduled service between Lincoln, Nebraska, and Kansas City, Missouri. Although the distinctive, articulated stainless steel trains were well known, and the railroad adopted the "Way of the Zephyrs" advertising slogan, they did not attract passengers back to the rails en masse, and the last one was retired from revenue service with the advent of Amtrak.
California Zephyr (Chicago–Oakland): Chicago–Denver handled by CB&Q; Denver–Salt Lake City by Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad; Salt Lake City–Oakland by Western Pacific Railroad.
These trains were operated jointly with Northern Pacific Railway and had a different name when they were east or westbound.
The club car of the Chicago Limited and the Denver Limited. The train had an eastbound and westbound name.
Aristocrat (Chicago–Denver): replaced the Colorado Limited.
Ak-Sar-Ben (Chicago–Lincoln): replaced Nebraska Limited and replaced by Ak-Sar-Ben Zephyr.
American Royal (Chicago–Kansas City): replaced by the American Royal Zephyr.
Atlantic Express (Seattle-Tacoma-Chicago): jointly with Northern Pacific Railway.
Black Hawk (Chicago–Twin Cities overnight).
Buffalo Bill (Denver-Yellowstone) Seasonal tri-weekly service between Denver, Colorado and Yellowstone National Park via Cody, Wyoming.
Coloradoan (Chicago–Denver): replaced by the Aristocrat.
Exposition Flyer (Chicago–Oakland) in conjunction with D&RGW and WP prior to the launching of the California Zephyr.
Empire Builder: handled Great Northern Railway's flagship between Chicago and Minneapolis.
Mainstreeter: handled the Northern Pacific Railway's secondary transcontinental between Chicago and Minneapolis.
Nebraska Limited (Chicago–Lincoln): replaced by the Ak-Sar-Ben.
North Coast Limited: handled Northern Pacific Railway's flagship between Chicago and Minneapolis.
North Pacific Express (Chicago-Seattle-Tacoma): jointly with Northern Pacific Railway.
Overland Express (Chicago-Denver). This train, along with The Aristocrat and the Colorado Limited, were promoted as companion trains to the streamlined Denver Zephyr.
Shoshone: (Denver-Billings) operated between Denver, Colorado and Billings, Montana. Referred to affectionately as "The Night Crawler".
Western Star: handled the Great Northern Railway's secondary transcontinental between Chicago and Minneapolis.
Zephyr Connection: (Denver-Cheyenne) offered daytime service along Colorado's Front Range between Denver, Colorado and Cheyenne, Wyoming.
The California Zephyr is still operated daily today by Amtrak as trains Five (westbound) and Six (eastbound). Another Amtrak train, the Illinois Zephyr, is a modern descendant of the Kansas City Zephyr and the American Royal Zephyr services.
The Burlington was a leader in innovation; among its firsts were use of the printing telegraph (1910), train radio communications (1915), streamlined passenger diesel power (1934) and vista-dome coaches (1945). In 1927, the railroad was one of the first to use Centralized Traffic Control (CTC) and by the end of 1957 had equipped 1,500 miles (2,400 km) of its line.
The railroad had one of the first hump classification yards at its Cicero Avenue Yard in Chicago, allowing an operator in a tower to line switches remotely and allowing around-the-clock classification.
^ Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad, Corporate History of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Company and Affiliated Companies, 1917, p. 8: "A provision of the Amendment, of date February 28, 1854, which changed the name of this company to "Chicago and Southwestern Railroad Company," was never acted upon or recognized by this company."
^ Dorin (1976), p. 9.
^ Dorin (1976), p. 10.
^ Schwantes (2003), p. 187.
^ Yago (1984), p. 172.
^ "The Pioneer Zephyr". ASME. Archived from the original on 2015-10-24. Retrieved 2017-01-17.
^ Dorin (1976) Chapters 2, 4, 5. pp. 14–29, 36–77, 78–90.
^ a b A Marvelous Vacation in Cool Colorado (ad for the Denver Zephyr). Life Magazine. 19 April 1937. p. 79. Retrieved 26 February 2012.
^ Mann, Charles F.A. (September 17, 1935). "Most Powerful Diesel Ready for Rail Service". The Meriden Daily Journal. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
^ The Scenic Way to California (ad for the Exposition Flyer). Life Magazine. 21 April 1941. Retrieved 26 February 2012.
Dorin, Patrick C. (1976). Everywhere West: The Burlington Route. Seattle, Wash.: Superior Publishing Company. ISBN 0-87564-523-2. LCCN 76017317. OCLC 2225153.
Schwantes, Carlos A. (2003). Going Places: transportation Redefines the Twentieth-century West. Indiana University Press. ISBN 0-253-34202-3.
Yago, Glenn (1984). The Decline of Transit: Urban Transportation in German and U.S. Cities, 1900–1970. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-25633-X.
Bryant, Keith L., Jr., Editor. Encyclopedia of American Business History and Biography, Railroads in the Twentieth Century. New York: Facts on File, 1990.
Hidy, Ralph W., et al. The Great Northern Railway, A History. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 1988.
Klein, Maury. The Life and Legend of E.H. Harriman. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 2000.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad.
The Northern Securities Decision Northern Securities Co. v. United States at Cornell Law School's Supreme Court Collection.

industry_corpus2: Transportation


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With more than 12,000 restaurants in about 100 countries, Pizza Hut is a force to be reckoned with.Get free Pizza Hut coupon codes, deals, promo codes and gifts.Tweets include their latest coupons and newest menu items, and you can easily reach out to their customer service team and get a quick response on Twitter.
Pizza Hut is an American restaurant chain that is also an international franchise.
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To ensure that NAMA's functions are performed effectively and efficiently.
To set strategic objectives and targets for NAMA.
To ensure that appropriate systems and procedures are in place to achieve the strategic objectives and targets.
To take all reasonable steps available to it to achieve these targets and objectives.
The Board has a schedule of matters reserved for its approval and deals with credit matters within its delegated authority level.
Three members of the Board were appointed by the Minister on 22 December 2009: Frank Daly (Chairman) (5 years), Brian McEnery (4 years), and Willie Soffe (4 years). Brian McEnery and Willie Soffe were re-appointed for a further 5 years from 22 December 2013. Oliver Ellingham was appointed by the Minster on 10 April 2013. Mari Hurley was appointed by the Minster on 8 April 2014. The two ex-officio members of the Board are John Corrigan (Chief Executive of the NTMA) and Brendan McDonagh (Chief Executive Officer, NAMA).
During 2013, Steven Seelig, appointed by the Minister on 26 May 2010 for a three year term, and Éilish Finan appointed by the Minister on 22 December 2009, completed their terms of appointment on 25 May 2013 and 21 December 2013 respectively. John Mulcahy (former Head of Asset Management, NAMA) who was appointed to the Board by the Minister on 7 March 2012 resigned with effect from 17 January 2014. There are currently two vacancies on the Board.
The terms of office of Board members range between three and five years and no appointed member is eligible to serve more than two consecutive terms. The Minister determines the level of remuneration of appointed members and their entitlement to reimbursement for expenses. The ex-officio members8 do not receive any additional remuneration for their membership of the Board.
During 2013 the Board met on 25 occasions while the six Committees of the Board met on 81 occasions. The attendance details for Board and Committee meetings are outlined in Table 16.
The Board has adopted the Code of Practice for the Governance of State Bodies (2009) ('the Code'), as adapted to NAMA's particular governance structure and the statutory requirements of the Act. Where necessary it has put in place arrangements to ensure compliance with the Code, and it reviews its policies and procedures on a periodic basis to ensure compliance with the Code as well as with best practice in corporate governance.
The Board is supported in its functions by the Secretary to the Board who also co-ordinates the operation of the various Board Committees; each of the Committees is supported by a NAMA Officer with relevant expertise who acts as Secretary to the Committee.
8 Mr John Mulcahy, as Executive Board member from 7 March 2012 to 17 January 2014, did not receive any remuneration for his membership of the Board.
*Steven Seelig completed his Term of Office 25 May 2013.
**Oliver Ellingham was appointed 10 April 2013.
***Frank Cushnahan resigned 7th November 2013.
****John Corrigan appointed to the Planning Advisory Committee after third meeting in 2013.


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STYLEDOM - Style & Freedom: be fit and fresh! subway is now open in Boracay!
be fit and fresh! subway is now open in Boracay!
Finally! Subway in Boracay! Tourists and vacationists can get the chance to savor the freshness and goodness of Subway!
The highly-regarded American sandwich joint that popularized premium hand-crafted submarine sandwiches around the world has graced the famous white sand shores of Boracay, Philippines. Located at the beachfront at NigiNigi Nu Noos, along Station 2 of the beach, Subway Philippines officially opened its 14th and newest store in the country. This is also the first one to be situated in a seaside setting in Asia. We are all excited to try the healthy benefits of Subway! Speaking about excitement, franchisees John Cook and Christina Villamor managed to make the day of the opening by giving out a great promo, the B.O.G.O. (buy one get one)available to customers giving them a free 6 inch Sub for every 6 inch sub with a 22 oz of drink that they purchase!
Let me just walk you through about SUBWAY, It has been taking the world by storm, From a humble store that started out in Conneticut,USA a global brand 40,931 across in 103 countries worldwide and counting,it has truly made its mark in the food industry,making the world a healthier and happier place, one sub sandwich at a time.
Being healthy and fit is one of my goals this 2014. That is why I'm enthusiastic to write about Subway which gives that. Offering a wide selection of ingredients ranging from the finest meats to the freshest vegetables. Accompanied by warm delicious oven baked bread as canvas for your culinary expertise. Subway has it's ultimate goal: To build your sandwich just the way you want it.-refreshing,unique and healthy!
All subway restos are owned and operated by independent entrepreneurs.
To know more on how to franchise a Subway restaurant,you can write to info@substogo.ph or visit www.Subway.com.ph you can also give them a call at (02) 8436057 Be healthy,fresh and fit this 2014 Savor the goodness of Subway!
OMG ive been craving subway for ever. now i have to get it for dinner this week for sure!


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This function retrieves the HDF tag and reference number of the annotation identified by its index and by its annotation type.
HDF AN interface identifier returned by HDF_AN_START.
Index of the annotation. This parameter is a nonnegative integer and is less than the total number of annotations of type Annotation_type in the file. Use HDF_AN_FILEINFO to obtain the total number of annotations of each type in the file.
Type of the annotation. The following table lists the valid values of the parameter Annotation_type in the left column, and the corresponding values of the parameter Annotation_tag in the right column.
A named variable that will contain the HDF tag of the annotation.
A named variable that will contain the HDF reference number of the annotation.


text: Stack the décor in your favor with this stunning chandelier, a unique form that can be easily adjusted in the field for a customized look. Rotating arms turn around the center while the lights can be directed up, down or at any angle to meet your specific needs. The industrial look and feel of the design is enhanced by a brushed aluminum finish, or choose brushed brass or brushed black for modern sophistication.


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It is important to know that you don’t have to be painting the frescoes on a cathedral ceiling or sculpting massive public installations to recognize yourself as an artist. Art can and does happen everywhere and everyday in countless small ways.
These past few months of school and grant work have swallowed most of my personal creative time. I usually get two long days a week of stitching, piecing, drawing, and making, but as I look back across the recent months, I only worked in the studio for little 2-3 hour chunks. I was not operating in a creative vacuum. I was making plenty of music, podcasts, and artwork with my students, but that work is not my own.
With school out and the aftershocks receding, I am feeling that familiar gathering of energy. Like rising water, an expanding balloon, a ringing in my ears, I feel it and ‘wonder of wonders’ I have time to respond.
I started small yesterday, by painting a blue wall in my bathroom, then framing and rehanging old work. The taproot of my creative self is about making something I want to look at. There is great calming, healing medicine in aesthetically beautiful spaces. After painting and hanging I sat on the edge of my bathtub and drank in the vivid color and curious forms of this old work in a new light. My effort was no magnum opus, but it was aimed at beauty. I felt the same bath-like flood of brain juice I get after hours of studio work. I am still peeking into my bathroom as I pass down the hall, getting a rush of satisfaction at the new beautiful space I created. We can be artists everday and everywhere!


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Singer/songwriter/visual artist Emily Blue initially reached out to me in regards to her illustrations. While her sketches and drawings will be featured in the coming days/weeks on the site, she is also a notable solo act as well as the frontwoman for four piece Tara Terra. Juggling all of these creative endeavors, Blue released a split single, and is now prepping a sophomore album rollout with her band. It's the group's first proper album since their debut, Daughter, back in 2014. Before that LP arrives next month, they are first letting loose an ambient and relaxing rendition of "Sunday Candy". Something to set the mood, complete with additional vocals by Kaina and Morimoto. Along with a Sunday premiere (how fitting), I spoke with the quartet (made up of Blue, Colin Altheus, Joey Buttlar, and Nick Soria) about the new song, their upcoming album, and more.
How long has this 'Sunday Candy' cover been in the works?
Nick: There is no exact answer since we started talking about covering it as early as last summer. But with our touring schedule at the time and everything else we each had going on, our plans got delayed. We didn’t actually start going to work on it until last December. If I’m correct, we knocked out all the tracks in about a day or two in the living room of our friend’s apartment in Chicago where Emily was living at the time.
How would you describe your rendition to a stranger on the street?
Joey: We wanted to capture the joy of the original song while putting our own spin on it. It's live, guitar based, and atmospheric.
Emily: Lots of layers! Vocals, guitars, pianos, a bass solo, you name it. Max Perenchio (who produced my latest solo release) put his wacky production skills on top of it all. He really brought it to life.
The first release since your live recordings last year. What's been in the works?
Emily: We’ve got a brand new album coming May 31st. We recorded it at Audiotree in Chicago with an amazing team of engineers (Rick Fritz and Brok Mende) and had the time of our lives! It’s a bigger, more developed sound than our previous record. We cannot wait to show everyone!
What's the rest of the year looking like for Tara Terra?
Nick: As Emily said, we’re releasing our new album next month. We’re currently in the process of booking about a three week tour in August to promote the album. Details are still being hammered out, but our route is tentatively the East Coast and parts of the South. In the meantime, we’re working hard to play as many shows beforehand and practice our butts off. Emily, Joey, and I will also be moving to Chicago indefinitely at different points this summer. The transition will be a little bit of a challenge with Colin still having another year of school, but I think we’re all more than willing to make everything work.
For Emily Blue, is it difficult to mix band releases with solo work?
Emily: It’s not difficult but it does require effort and time management. Having so much music in my head, so many projects, etc., takes up a lot of mental space. I always need to remind myself to take one thing at a time, and that progress won’t happen if I’m overworking myself.
Lots of wild rumors have been flying around that we might be dropping a new single at the top of May, and it might be the bee’s knees. Follow us for future surprises!


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Sending gift baskets online is an appropriate and appreciated way to order your present for a variety of occasions for delivery in Anshun. Say congratulation to your friend in Anshun with a gift basket filled with gourmet gifts or say happy birthday to your Mom in Anshun with a basket filled of champagne and tasty snacks. Send them an exclusive gift this year with a to-die-for gift basket. You can choose from a wide variety of gifts that will make this birthday their best yet. We deliver everywhere in Anshun.
If you can’t attend a celebration, gift basket full of gourmet foods and wine will always be appreciated! Order to send your loved ones in Anshun, a gift basket that conveys to them that how much they are loved.
For corporate or for your dear ones in Anshun, from Christmas to New Year, a gift basket is a great way to celebrate. Send a holiday gift basket that's sure to stand out in their minds and hearts. We deliver all over Anshun.


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The purpose of ERO’s reviews is to give parents and the wider school community assurance about the quality of education that Tahatai Coast School provides. An ERO report answers the question “How effectively is Tahatai’s curriculum promoting student learning – engagement, progress and achievement?” Under that overarching question ERO reports on the quality of education and learning outcomes for children and for specific groups of children including Māori students, Pacific students and students with special needs. ERO also reports on the quality of the school’s systems for sustaining and continuing improvements.
"Tahatai is achieving equitable and excellent outcomes for children."


text: Dr. Wendy Wintersteen was selected Oct. 23, 2017, to serve as Iowa State University's 16th president. She assumed the office Nov. 20 and is the first woman president in the university’s history. From 2006-2017, Dr. Wintersteen served as dean of the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences and director of the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station at Iowa State University. She was also the holder of the university’s first endowed deanship. Prior to becoming dean, she served as the college’s senior associate dean and associate director of the Experiment Station. In her career at Iowa State, she also has served as professor of entomology; director of Extension to Agriculture and Natural Resources; and coordinator of pesticide management and pesticide applicator training programs. She serves on the board of trustees of the Farm Foundation, the board of directors for the Council for Agricultural Science and Technology and the board of directors of the U.S.-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund.

industry_corpus2: Agriculture & Fisheries


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Places for People approached Re-Format to develop design proposals for a new housing scheme on the edge of Milton Keynes. Our approach was to design a distinctive new community utilising a series of dwelling clusters, unified by their forms, detailing and materials. The ‘tenure blind’ layout facilitates total flexibility. The fully integrated landscaping creates a beautiful and rewarding living environment.
Trees and lush areas of hedging prevail, carefully detailed to achieve the required verdant feel with minimal ongoing maintenance. The elegant contemporary design makes the development feel distinctive and avoids the issues associated with some housing developments that rely on a random mixture of materials and superficial detailing.
The limited palette of robust materials; brick, aluminium windows and natural roofing slates, unifies the development and gives it a strong sense of place. The ‘shared surface’ highway treatment to the secondary roadways challenges the drabness of standard ‘adoptable highway’ estates. With these simple design philosophies the scheme merges with its surroundings and enhances the local built environment.


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Misri – McGee & Co.
Chestnut & Navy / 24" x 24"
Woven on wooden hand-looms in the heart of India, this pillow was made using traditional Indian textile techniques. Solid chestnut with a single navy stripe and navy tassels, the Misri pillow adds dimension and charm to your space.


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Authors: Wang, S.; Adrianto, I.; Wiley, G.; Lessard, C. J.; Kelly, J. A.; Adler, A. J.; Glenn, S. B.; Williams, A. H.; Ziegler, Julie; Comeau, M. E.; Marion, M. C.; Wakeland, B. E.; Liang, C.; Kaufman, K. M.; Guthridge, J. M.; Alarcón-Riquelme, M. E.; Alarcón, G. S.; Anaya, J. M.; Bae, S. C.; Kim, J. H.; Joo, Y. B.; Boackle, S. A.; Brown, E. E.; Petri, M.; Ramsey-Goldman, R.; Reveille, J. D.; Vilá, Luis M.; Criswell, L. A.; Edberg, J. C.; Freedman, B. I.; Gilkeson, G. S.; Jacob, C. O.; James, J. A.; Kamen, D. L.; Kimberly, R. P.; Martín, J.; Merrill, J. T.; Niewold, T. B.; Pons-Estel, B. A.; Scofield, R. H.; Stevens, A. M.; Tsao, B. P.; Vyse, T. J.; Langefeld, C. D.; Harley, J. B.; Wakeland, E. K.; Moser, K. L.; Montgomery, C. G.; Gaffney, P. M.
Abstract: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with diverse clinical manifestations characterized by the development of pathogenic autoantibodies manifesting in inflammation of target organs such as the kidneys, skin and joints. Genome-wide association studies have identified genetic variants in the UBE2L3 region that are associated with SLE in subjects of European and Asian ancestry. UBE2L3 encodes an ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, UBCH7, involved in cell proliferation and immune function. In this study, we sought to further characterize the genetic association in the region of UBE2L3 and use molecular methods to determine the functional effect of the risk haplotype. We identified significant associations between variants in the region of UBE2L3 and SLE in individuals of European and Asian ancestry that exceeded a Bonferroni-corrected threshold (P<1 × 10 -4). A single risk haplotype was observed in all associated populations. Individuals harboring the risk haplotype display a significant increase in both UBE2L3 mRNA expression (P=0.0004) and UBCH7 protein expression (P=0.0068). The results suggest that variants carried on the SLE-associated UBE2L3 risk haplotype influence autoimmunity by modulating UBCH7 expression. © 2012 Macmillan Publishers Limited All rights reserved.

industry_corpus2: Health & Medicine


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Anticap.co.uk is a new website that is setting out to campaign for Unlimited Broadband Services. The initial focus will of course be NTL's Broadband services which all have a download cap of 1GB on 3 individual days in every fourteen day period. The 60 day period that NTL originally stated as being a monitoring period is ending, and there is the risk that the first transgressors will be getting their warnings.
The remit behind this new website is interesting, by pushing unlimited access it may actually force providers to spend more on infrastructure costs, thus forcing the cost to the majority up. Most Internet access services rely on the fact that not everyone will be downloading all the time, a small percentage of users downloading close to the technical limit a day will normally be tolerated though. For a service to be truly unlimited it would require 1:1 contention to be built into the service, which would drastically increase the costs of backhaul service, e.g. if an ADSL ISP was to run its BT Central link with no contention the costs would increase by around £10-20 per user on average just on a 512kbps service. Of course the provider would also need to increase its peering bandwidth which will also cost more money, and higher capacity switching/routing hardware.
Perhaps a better campaign would be to ensure that service providers allow fair use of their systems, e.g. only apply limits during the peak hours, averaging download limits over a month, i.e. allowing for people who use the connection heavily for 5 days, then do not use it beyond the average 100MB/day. Another important factor will be what happens when people exceed the limits if any exist. Are excessive users speed capped lower for a short period, or do they end up paying business sized connection prices which may be double their normal monthly fee.
One thing that NTL has woefully ignored is a tiered system, e.g. 0.8GB/day limit for 128kbps service, 3GB/day for 600kbps service and a 5GB/day limit for the 1Mbps service. Limits like this would encourage heavier users to still subscribe to the faster service, rather than downgrade to a cheaper service and simpler use their full quota every day.
Bandwidth controls are not always an evil device, they can preserve the quality of service for the majority at times. The important thing is that providers need to ensure that they do not alienate the heavy users, who often are the most vocal at both praising and putting down a service.
At the end of the day, the topic of capping/throttling can be debated till people are blue in the face, usually what it boils down to is Service Providers trying to supply the highest possible speed service to people for the lowest possible cost. Something must give eventually, and in many cases around the world it is the ability to treat contended services as personal leased lines. Watching the price of say cable modem services in North America, the trend is for slow price rises, often triggered by smaller providers folding and the new company introducing new pricing structures.

industry_corpus2: Computing & Telecommunications


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Article: "A Note on Billy Cross" by Robert A. Prager • Little Big Horn Associates Newsletter, Vol. IX, No. 4, April 1975.
Article: "Some Speculations on Bill Cross" by Robert A. Prager • Research Review (Newsletter Literary Section), Vol. X, No. 1976-1, January 1976.
Article: "The 'Billy' Cross Interview" by James Willert • Research Review, Vol. XVI, No. 1982-12, December 1982.

industry_corpus2: Literature & Emotions


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Melbourne Police Looking For Indecent Exposure, Sexual Battery Suspect (Melbourne, FL) -- Melbourne Police are looking for a man accused of exposing himself and sexually assaulting different women. Detectives say there have been four separate incidents that have all happened in the overnight and early morning hours, within the last three weeks. A composite sketch of the man is being circulated, and posted online.
Attempted Burglary Suspect Rescued From Roof Of Store (Volusia Co., FL) -- A New Smyrna Beach man is facing charges after allegedly trying to break into a store in Volusia County. Michael Monacelli [[ Mon-uh-cell-EE ]] allegedly got stuck on the roof of the business he was trying to break into on North Woodland. Sheriff's deputies say Monacelli climbed onto the roof when he couldn't get into the store through the window he broke. He's facing charges of criminal mischief and attempted burglary.
Off-Duty Daytona Beach Officer Suspected Of Fight In Winter Garden (Winter Garden, FL) -- A Daytona Beach police officer is being investigated following a fight at a downtown Winter Garden restaurant. Saturday evening's fight at The Whole Enchilada Fresh Mexican Grill and Bar started when the off-duty officer confronted a man about taking his seat. During a scuffle with the man he accused of taking his seat the officer's gun fell on the floor. The Daytona Beach PD says it's investigating.
Elderly Man Charged For Alleged Bomb Threat (Ocala, FL) -- An Office Depot in Ocala is getting the all clear after being evacuated on reports of an explosive device inside. Authorities say an elderly man left a backpack in the store, but there was no bomb inside. Seventy-three-year-old Jerome Dinsmore was arrested and charged with making a false report concerning planting a bomb and explosive. Hours earlier Dinsmore walked into a Chick-fil-A and claimed he had a bomb before leaving yesterday.
Disney World Changing Ticket Pricing System (Orlando, FL) -- Walt Disney World is starting a new date-based pricing system. Beginning October 16th, with the help of a new online pricing tool, the cost will be different depending on the day for which the tickets are purchased. They will generally range from 109 and 129 dollars. The park says this is being done so attendance will be more evenly distributed throughout the year.
Elon Musk Hopes To Build Base On Mars Within Decade (Hawthorne, CA) -- SpaceX CEO Elon Musk plans to build a base on Mars within the next ten years. Musk posted an artist's rendering of the Mars base on Twitter late last week. When one of his followers asked when the base might take shape, Musk tweeted, "Probably 2028 for a base to be built." SpaceX is currently working on a spacecraft called the Big Falcon Rocket which is scheduled to take a Japanese billionaire on a flight around the moon in 2023. The giant spaceship will also be used for a mission to Mars.
Scrabble Adds 300 New Words To Its Dictionary (Undated) -- Scrabble is adding 300 new words to its dictionary. The newest game edition was released yesterday and added long-awaited words like "OK" and "ew". It's been four years since any new words were added to the game's dictionary, and there were very serious steps taken for the addition of the new words. Merriam-Webster was advised by the North American Scrabble Players Association while creating this edition.
1993, a Florida judge ruled it was legal for 12-year-old Gregory Kingsley to divorce his parents.
1981, Sandra Day O'Connor was sworn in as the first female justice on the Supreme Court.
1954, Elvis Presley made his first and only appearance at the "Grand Old Opry." The future King of Rock and Roll sang "Blue Moon of Kentucky." The performance was not well received and the booking agent suggested Elvis go back to driving a truck.
1926, Henry Ford announced the eight-hour, five-day work week.
1789, the first U.S. Congress adopted 12 amendments to the Constitution and sent them to the states for ratification. Ten of the 12 were approved and became the Bill of Rights.
1690, "Publick Occurrences, Both Foreign and Domestic" became the first newspaper to be published in America. Authorities considered the paper offensive and ordered publisher Benjamin Harris to stop publishing.


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The European Union has 28 member countries and the €urozone counts 19 of them. Denmark, Sweden and the United Kingdom are among the most important member countries not participating in the single currency, in addition to six other new European Union members who still have to prove that they have taken measures for an ireversible progress toward a functioning free-market and competitive economy and some other requirements to build a lasting macro-economic stability. Within this continental stage, the €uro could have become the currency to consolidate the European Union, turning into a real international reserve currency if the European countries had followed in good faith the progressive course towards a stable Confederation of Nations, but the rejection by 2 of the 28 Union members of the draft Constitution previously approved by the other 26, which could have opened the way toward continental stability, served as fertilizer to the seed of discord. As anyone might expect, a common currency is unsustainable buffeted by a multitude of countries stubbornly clinging to independent monetary and fiscal policies.
As it is highlighted in the following article, Europe is trying that the puzzle does not disassemble, but if the monetary union collapsed, the project of a United Europe will be dismantled from its own base.
There are three reasons the euro was created. First, the euro aimed to deepen the EU single market by eliminating currency exchanges across national borders and creating transnational cost competition. Second, the currency was meant to become an alternative reserve currency to the U.S. dollar. And third, it could set the stage for a unified European superstate. Ironically, the euro has rapidly become a central cause of EU disunity.
While the euro is a single currency, the eurozone has 19 separate parliaments, heads of state, and national banks. These national banks, plus the European Central Bank (ECB), make up the Eurosystem – akin to the U.S. Federal Reserve system. As you might imagine, one airplane and 19 pilots is a formula for an economic plane crash.
The significant challenge of one currency spanning 19 governments is that elected officials are disconnected from fiscal accountability. Additionally, the lost mission of national banks is to impose monetary discipline. The third failure here is that 19 nations have lost a vital economic tool, the appreciation or depreciation of their currency.
Currencies, by their nature, connect nations to global economic feedback and hold government leaders to account for the impact of their decisions. Nineteen EU nations have lost this vital tie to global economic forces. Today, Germany has four percent unemployment and 68 percent debt-to-GDP ratio, while Greece – using the same currency – has 22 percent unemployment and 170 percent debt-to-GDP ratio.
The creation of the euro temporarily papered over these economic disparities. The EU Stability and Growth Pact of 1997, the treaty nations sign to join the euro, requires that a nation’s budget deficit be no larger than three percent of GDP, and that the debt-to-GDP ratio to be no larger than 60 percent. Greece used false accounting in its 2001 application, and most eurozone nations no longer meet these requirements. In 1994, the 10-year interest rate on German government bonds was seven percent, while it was 24.5 percent for Greek bonds. These interest rates reflected the relative risks of buying German vs. Greek bonds. The euro was launched in 1999, and Greece became the twelfth euro member in 2002. From 2002 to 2008, there was little difference between German and Greek bond rates. But by 2011, due to the Great Recession, German government bond rates returned to 7 percent, and Greek bond rates returned to 24.5 percent. As Warren Buffett once said, “Only when the tide goes out do you discover who’s been swimming naked.” And yet despite these dramatic differences, the trading currency of both nations has the same strength, unaffected by the decisions of their leaders. And somehow, the ECB is expected to devise monetary policy advantageous to both extremes, and all 17 nations between them.
In summary, the eurozone has had the effect of undermining national fiscal accountability, monetary discipline, and the ability of 19 nations to benefit from the economic feedback of changes in the value of their currencies and what those say about their level of national competitiveness. When the Great Recession arrived, weak eurozone economies like Spain and Italy could not compete with Germany, Austria, and the Netherlands within the same currency union. By joining the euro, nations like Greece have lost internal fiscal disciplines, as well as the “release value” of currency depreciation and its competitive signals.
The question is, what is the right course going forward? President Macron would create eurobonds and a centralized Euro-fund to transfer wealth from northern to southern Europe in exchange for more centralized control over their national budgets. This would further remove those nations from market forces, the policies needed to restore their international competitiveness, and further dilute their national sovereignty by concentrating decisions in the hands of an inefficient bureaucracy. Creating more dependency is not the answer.
"Toma Nota" será una ventana a la cotidianeidad; un enfoque que nos acerque a quienes –sin pretender dominar tecnicismos o dogmas– reconocen que sus vidas están afectadas por los altibajos de la economía y los terremotos de la sociedad en que vivimos. Una de sus características principales será la sencillez; por ello, no crea el lector que para participar tiene que ser un experto. Estamos seguros de que la mayoría de las grandes obras ha tenido por base la voluntad de aprender de los demás. Así que: Toma Nota ... ¡y participa con tus opiniones y comentarios!
... mientras haya obra que hacer, un hombre entero no tiene derecho a reposar.


text: In order to obtain technical support please fill out the information below to help us in properly directing your request. Any information gathered in these forms will be used only for addressing this request. For immediate assistance or additional information please refer to our direct contact information below.


text: Keeping moving is really important for helping to manage pain as well being great for all round general health. Pain can limit your movement but movement can help to limit your pain. In this podcast, the fourth in the series, we introduce the concepts of movement therapy, exercise therapy and manual therapy. Learn a little more about them and some tips to help you find what may be best for you. Listen, enjoy and share. Thanks.