text:
This tutorial is designed to help a novice user install any aircraft into Microsoft Flight Simulator X. The reader is expected to have a basic understanding of files and folders within the Windows operating system and a basic understanding of file compression programs that are commonly used to package aircraft files. This tutorial will cover the basics of installing aircraft, the structure of the aircraft file, and what is needed to have a fully functioning add-on aircraft.
SimAirline.net provides several aircraft that can be downloaded from each virtual airline's Fleet page. These aircraft are then used to complete the flights from each virtual airline's schedule. This makes it possible to use the correct aircraft and the correct livery for the flight.
For the purposes of this tutorial, it is assumed that you have already downloaded the correct aircraft and are ready to install it. I will use the Northwest 757-300 (current livery) by Project Open Sky for this tutorial. Please download this aircraft and follow along. Before installing this aircraft though, please take a look at the basic directory structure of Microsoft Flight Simulator.
The flight simulator directory is normally C:\Program Files\Microsoft Games\Microsoft Flight Simulator X\SimObjects\Airplanes. This will be referred to as the "root" directory of Flight Simulator from this point on and all references to folders will be in relation to this root directory. When opening this directory in Windows Explorer, you can see that it has several subfolders. The one wanted is named Aircraft, as that is where all aircraft files are located, regardless of being an AI aircraft or a flyable aircraft. Each aircraft is installed in its own folder. Open the folder for the default 737-800 that comes with Flight Simulator, which is installed under the SimObjects\Airplanes\b737_800 folder.
Every aircraft in the simulator must have a model, air file, texture, sounds, and an aircraft.cfg file before it will be usable in the simulator. Some aircraft have additional files that are associated with them, which will be looked at later after you install the aircraft.
If you look in the default 737-800 folder, you can see that aircraft.cfg goes into the root of the aircraft folder. This file is the main file used to define the aircraft and what files are required for it to be functional (more on this later). Also within the root aircraft folder is the .air file, which is tied to the aircraft model.
The first folder is the model folder. This is where the aircraft model files are stored. A model is typically a file with an .mdl extension and a model.cfg file. The aircraft model defines the flight characteristics of a particular aircraft and is a required file.
Every aircraft must have some sort of panel or you would have no instruments or flight controls with which to fly it. The panel folder must contain a panel.cfg, which is the panel configuration file. If the aircraft has its own panel then those additional files should also be included in this folder. The 737-800 has its own panel, so the files are already included. It is important to note that some aircraft will use a panel from another aircraft, in which case the panel.cfg will have what is called an "alias" to the panel that will be used for the aircraft. More information on panels can be found in the Panel Installation Tutorial.
This folder is where the aircraft sounds are stored. It will contain a file named sound.cfg, which is the configuration file for the aircraft sounds, as well as the associated sound files. You can also use an alias to another folder that contains sounds, in the same way you can with an aircraft panel. This file must be present for the aircraft to appear in the simulator. More information on sounds can be found in the Sounds Installation Tutorial.
Finally, there will be at least one folder that contains the aircraft’s textures. Normally they will have a standard name, with at least one folder named Texture. This is where the livery files that define how the aircraft looks within the simulator reside. Each texture or livery should have its own folder, so if you have multiple liveries for a particular aircraft you should have several folders that start with "texture" and have an extension for each livery to distinguish one from the other. The default 737-800 has five different liveries so there are five different folders.
The aircraft.cfg file defines where all of the files for an aircraft are located, how it displays in the Flight Simulator user interface, as well as certain characteristics of the aircraft. There is a lot of information in this file, so you should not modify this file unless you really know what you’re doing and you’ve back up your original aircraft.cfg. Below are the parts you should be concerned with.
description="One should hardly be surprised that the world's most prolific manufacturer of commercial aircraft is also the producer of the world's most popular jetliner. The 737 became the best-selling commercial jetliner worldwide when orders for it hit 1,831 in June 1987 (surpassing Boeing's own 727 as the previous champ). However, it wasn't always that way. In the first few years of production, there were so few orders that Boeing considered canceling the program. They didn't, and the airplane has more than proven itself in over three decades of service."
ui_typerole designates the aircraft’s mission. Other examples include regional jet, single engine turboprop, multi-engine prop, and so on. ui_createdby designates who created the aircraft, such as Project Open Sky. These lines can be easily added to the aircraft.cfg file of FS2004 aircraft. These lines are needed to allow you to use available sorting options in the aircraft selection page of FSX.
title= The title of this livery.
sim= Defines the air file. It should match up with the .air filename but will be entered with no extension. Notice you have a Boeing737-800.air file in the root aircraft directory.
model= This will not have anything here if you are using the default model directory.
panel= Same as above with model.
sound= Same as above with model.
texture= This is the path to the folder with the aircraft livery textures. If blank, it is assumed that liveries are in the “Texture” folder. You must specify a path to the livery relative to the aircraft root folder. For example, texture=1 means a folder named texture.1 contains this aircraft’s textures.
ui_createdby, type, variation= These define how the aircraft shows up in the user interface. ui_variation is the livery name.
description= This is what is displayed in the description information of the aircraft when selected in the user interface.
Just below the [fltsim.x] sections is the [General] section.
atc_model is the specific model of the aircraft, in this case, a 737-800.
In order to make the aircraft appear in the aircraft selection menu, write in the ui parts.
ui_manufacturer: The manufacturer, Boeing in this case.
ui_type: The aircraft type, 757-300 in this case. Be very specific with the model and variant. For instance, a 757 is not the same as a 757-300.
ui_variation: The aircraft's livery, Northwest (current livery) here. If you have two identical liveries for the same aircraft, wirte something that can distinguish one from the other.
ui_createdby: Who created the aircraft? Project Open Sky for this aircraft.
Now that you know the file structure for an aircraft and where everything should go, you can begin installing the aircraft.
If you open the Northwest 757-300 (current livery), you can see that it contains a folder named POSKY 757-300 NC. If you open that folder, you should see the folders that you are now familiar with. This aircraft has a model, panel, sound, and texture folder, as well as an aircraft.cfg file. All you need to do is put the files in the right places.
When installing the aircraft, you’ll need to open and configure the panel.cfg and sound.cfg files. As mentioned above, all models need to have a panel to be fully functional. Otherwise, the plane will not appear on the aircraft selection menu.
Note: Before you start, it is always a good idea to look for a readme.txt file or other text file that is included by the author. This will contain important information on how to install the aircraft into the simulator.
Using what you have learned above, move the download into the Aircraft folder and you should have a new subfolder named "POSKY 757-300 Northwest NC". You should also have all of the required subfolders.
For trijets, you might want install another panel or use any of the panels mentioned above. Do the same thing with the sound.cfg file or else the aircraft won’t make any sounds.
To make sure your aircraft works, start your Flight Simulator and select the aircraft that you just installed. If all went well, you should see the aircraft model displayed as well as the associated livery. If you don't see the Northwest livery on your new 757-300, then you've done something wrong and you should exit Flight Simulator and make sure you've done everything correctly. You’ve either put something in the wrong place or there is no texture folder and you’re seeing the aircraft with a “bare skin” instead of the textures. Another possibility is that your computer cannot display the textures for some reason. Because not all of SimAirline.net's management team have FSX, please contact a VA Manager that does have FSX (indicated with an asterisk).
If you do see the aircraft, the final test is to make sure that you can load the plane into the simulator and that a panel displays. Once the aircraft is loaded, you should see a panel and should also hear the engines (if you start your aircraft with the engines running). This confirms that all of the required pieces for this aircraft are in place; the model, panel, sounds, and textures. If something isn’t working at this point, you should have a good idea of where the problem might be.
The Project Open Sky 757-300 also contains some additional files that were not covered in this tutorial. These files are not required for a standard aircraft, however Project Open Sky has included some special effect files that are used for the aircraft model, as well as a virtual cockpit. You will see these files in the Effects folder and the Model.vc folder. These are explained in the readme.txt, which is why it is important that you read the documentation that comes with the aircraft. Each author will typically add these files to their aircraft, and they may or may not work with other aircraft.
You should now be able to install add-on aircraft with relative ease. If you’re having problems with a particular aircraft, you can usually narrow the problem down to a specific area by simply knowing what all of the required pieces are. If you follow this tutorial and are still having problems with a particular aircraft, contact the appropriate VA Manager. If you have done the testing that is in this tutorial, then they should be able to assist you much more easily if you let them know the results of your tests.
Thanks for reading! If you have any questions about this tutorial, please ask on our Message Boards.
This tutorial was revised by Jonathan Barron and later Dennis Negrón based on an original by Don Geddes.

industry_corpus2: Aerospace


text:
If you ever wonder how much God loves humans, you just need to look at Jesus’ birth. The all-powerful, all-knowing and all-Mighty God laid down His divinity and chose to become human. To experience every stage of a person’s life and the limitations. He gave up heaven, for us. He gave up power for us, He gave up His life to save us.
You are worth more than Heaven to God. That is how valuable you are. Flaws, imperfections and all, you are worth more to God than all the beauty and perfection of Heaven. There is no way anyone could earn that kind of Love. No work of art, poetry, scientific discovery, or any other human achievement could ever be enough to earn that love from God.
He gives it to us freely. With no strings attached, or conditions. You don’t need to ‘fix’ yourself before you can accept God’s love. All you need to do is accept it.
As you celebrate the Christmas with your family and friends take time to thank God for the value He placed in you.
How does it make you feel knowing that God left heaven for you?
What would change if you fully realized how valuable you are to God?
Take a few moments to reflect and thank God for valuing you so much.

industry_corpus2: Others


text:
Chikungunya, a viral infection transmitted to humans by infected mosquitoes, originated in southeast Africa and was first described in Tanzania in 1952. Subsequently, it has spread throughout sub-Saharan Africa and has become well established in the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia, and islands of the Indian and Pacific Ocean. More recently, Chikungunya has been reported in at least 15 Caribbean islands, including Hispaniola (Haiti & Santo Domingo), as well as French Guiana on mainland South America.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), as of June 10, a total of 39 chikungunya cases have been reported from U.S. states and territories. One locally transmitted case has been reported from Puerto Rico. All other cases occurred in travelers returning from affected areas in the Caribbean or Asia. To date, no local transmission has been identified in the continental United States.
Typical symptoms of Chikungunya infection include the rapid onset of severe joint pains (especially in the hands and feet) and fever. In fact, the name "Chikungunya" derives from a word in the Kimakonde language of south east Africa, meaning "to become contorted" and describes the stooped appearance of sufferers with joint pain. Symptoms start four to eight days after the mosquito bite (range from two to 12 days). Infected persons can also have headache, muscle pain, rash and joint swelling. Generally, symptoms resolve after one week, although some people may experience long-term joint pain. Chikungunya is generally not fatal, but the painful symptoms have led people to say "It won't kill you, but it may make you wish you were dead!"
Because there is no specific antiviral drug treatment for Chikungunya, physicians direct patients to use over the counter analgesics and medication to control fever, and to get plenty of rest and fluids. Several methods can be used for diagnosis. If you develop the symptoms of Chikungunya and have recently traveled, see your doctor. Your doctor may order blood tests to look for Chikungunya or other similar diseases.
Since a vaccine to prevent Chikungunya does not exist, it is best to try and avoid infection in the first place. As the Caribbean is a popular vacation spot for many Americans, avoiding travel may not be a realistic or desirable option. Rather, travelers are advised to take a number of precautions when staying in countries where Chikungunya is endemic. During outbreaks of Chikungunya - or if mosquito populations surge - community-wide insect/vector control programs may be activated and travelers should heed these warnings.
Travelers should also don protective clothing (long-sleeved shirts, long pants, hats) that is treated with insect repellent. When spending time outdoors, travelers should use insect repellents containing DEET, picaridin, oil of lemon eucalyptus or IR3535, on exposed skin.
When choosing a hotel, ensure the rooms are equipped with fully functioning air conditioning systems, as well as door and window screens. Insecticide-treated mosquito nets afford good protection, as do mosquito coils or other insecticide vaporizers to reduce contact with mosquitoes indoors, especially in high risk areas.
Finally, patients who are diagnosed with Chikungunya should avoid additional exposure to mosquitoes to help prevent the further spread of the virus to other mosquitoes and subsequently to other people.

industry_corpus2: Health & Medicine


text: A 4-year PhD programme which allows students to gain added value from taught subject-based modules as well as undertaking original research. The taught modules allow students to broaden, as well as deepen, their subject knowledge at the same time as undertaking their own research and developing a set of transferable professional skills. The programme will facilitate the creation and interpretation of new knowledge by the research student, demonstrated through the thesis.

industry_corpus2: Subject Education


text:
Born on May 11th 1965, Swiss and Canadian (Dual Citizenship).
Doctor in applied science of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technologies of Lausanne (EPF).
Electrical Engineer EPF, Telecommunication Specialist.
Electrical Technical Engineer ETS, Telecommunication Specialist.
English: Good knowledge, written and spoken.
From 2008 to Present Spacecraft Antenna Engineer at Eutelsat S.A. Expert in Space Antenna and their applications.
Antenna needs planning for future mission, antenna procurement and test, in orbit antenna test and monitoring.
Completed five satellites, plus one on-going: Thales-Alenia Space (W3B, W3C, W3D, W6A), Space System/Loral (EB2A-Es’Hail), Astrium (AMU1 on-going).
Mission Planning: Spacecraft Antenna definition and Contractor Proposal Technical Evaluation for Future Satellite Missions.
Spacecraft Antenna Procurement: Contactor technical management and reviewing: Equipment design and tests, On Ground antenna spacecraft integration and tests.
In Orbit Tests: Spacecraft antenna in orbit antenna measurements. In orbit anomaly identification, assessment, correction or mitigation. Antenna re-pointing and monitoring for mission repositioning (gap-filling).
Antenna Technology Survey and Consulting: Consulting for Technology developments in Space Antenna and Vacuum RF Power technologies, abreast of the Space Antenna evolution.
From 2001 to 2008 Specialist, Member of Technical Staff at EMS-Technologies Ltd (now MDA Corporation since November 2005).
Research and Development of Space and Avionic Antennas. Active in planar antennas and arrays conception, lens antenna development and reflector research. New solution study for proposals and potential applications in space.
Array Antennas, including Space Segment of Navigation antennas and precise phase center controlling in conventional technologies and advanced Metamaterial / Electromagnetic Bandgap Material technologies. Electronically scanned Phased Arrays for airborne RADAR detection. Slotted waveguide antenna array design.
Horn Antennas, for direct radiation or reflector feeding, including beam shaping using chokes or lenses or Electromagnetic Bandgap layers and various feeding techniques such as slotted waveguide and multimode transitions.
Multi-Beam reflector shaping, including special optimization features, such as near field controlling.
Lens Antennas, for Ka-band RADAR, including very low sidelobe multi-beam configuration and avionic design.
TT&C Antennas, (Tracking, Telemetry and Command) such as Biconical Antennas, Isoflux Shaped Beam Horns, Quadi-filar Helical Omni-Directional Antennas.
Handling both theoretical advanced studies and product developments, including all kind of antenna measurements and antenna troubleshooting.
Customization of Commercial Antenna Prediction Tools, such as GRASP8 (implementation of a MoM for reflector strut scattering computation), WIPL (embedding of WIPL into optimization loops), and others.
R&D Studies for Customers and Governmental Agencies, on antenna or antenna system developments (Canadian Space Agency, NASA/JPL, European Space Agency, Other Government Agencies, and Industrial Customers).
Business Acquisition, Redaction of Project Proposals, including technical evaluation, statement of work, work slicing and compliance statement for Governmental and Commercial customers.
Mentoring of (Junior and more Senior) Engineers, provide guidance in technical matters related to antenna and RF engineering, such as technical reviews and counseling, early stage feasibility assessment, critical program recovery, innovative solution proposition and daily coaching.
Practical daily knowledge of major CAD tools, such as Ansoft HFSS and Designer suite, Ticra’s GRASP9 and POS5, WIPL-D and Zeeland IE3D.
From 1997 to 2001 Project Manager and Senior RF Engineer at CSEM S.A.
Conception, realization and industrialization of customized application specific RF modules and transceivers. Specialist in Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DS-SS / CDMA) and Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FH-SS) techniques for data transmission, such as IEEE 802.11 (DS-SS and FH-SS norms), Bluetooth, and harsh environment transmission equipment developments (long Pseudo-Noise sequences DS-SS systems). Highly actives also in the area of Short Range Device transceivers, such as European 863-870 MHz Low Power and Social Alarm band, US 915 MHz Industrial and Scientific (ISM) band, and generalized 2.400-2.483 GHz ISM band.
Development and study of RF transmission link between implanted medical devices and external monitoring systems through living tissues and its resistance to interferences in medical environments.
Practical and theoretical knowledge of European Equipment Protection Regulation, EMC/EMI and preparation of equipment regulation conformance testing.
Antenna Expert. Strong expertise in miniaturized antennas, application specific antennas, Antenna arrays, Lens antennas, Space antennas, up to 650 GHz.
Strongly in relation with customers. Redaction of Project Proposals, including statement of work, project pricing and technical evaluation.
In 1999 Co-founder of JAST Sàrl (now ViaSat Antenna Systems S.A.), a start-up actives in Electromagnetic CAD tools industrialization and highly technical software commercialization.
Realization of Graphical User Interfaces for several advanced spatial and industrial antenna modeling tools. Specialist of Planar Antenna and Circuit Numerical Kernel development, such as Microstrip circuits and antennas, Coplanar Waveguide circuits, Stripline circuits, including Lens antennas, Phased antenna arrays and Beam shaping.
Extensive knowledge of Printed Circuit Board (PCB) high frequency effects, such as surface waves, spurious radiation, Zenneck waves.
From 1996 to 1997 Post Doc, at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne.
Development of a new Quasi-Optical Antenna Feeder at 650 GHz, using integrated planar technologies and lens antennas (ESA).
From 1993 to 1996 Doctoral Thesis at the Electromagnetics and Acoustics Laboratory (LEMA) of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technologies of Lausanne.
- the development of an iterative method to solve large element matrix in an electromagnetic context, for the computation of large antenna arrays.
Extensive knowledge of the Moment of Method (MoM), and multi-layered substrate Green’s functions computation, via the numerical resolution of Sommerfeld type integrals.
Extensive knowledge of Antenna and Antenna Array theories.
In 1995 Five months contract at Boulder Microwave Technologies, now Ansoft Corporation, Boulder, Colorado.
Study of an infinite phased array Green’s function set for planar array computation.
From 1989 to 1993 Diploma and studies of Electrical Engineering at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technologies in Lausanne (EPFL). Specialized in Telecommunications.
From 1985 to 1989 Diploma and Studies of Electrical Technical Engineer at the High Technical School (ETS) of Geneva, Switzerland.
Specialized in Telecommunications. Awarded Major of the 1989 promotion.
From 1981 to 1985 Apprenticeship of Certified Electrical Mechanics at the SODECO-SAIA factory, in Geneva.
Practical knowledge of electrical motors, general electricity and electromechanical commanding boxes.
Antenna development, radiation modeling and RF propagation studies.
Being in close contact with the customer.
Always interested in learning new skills.
An eleven year old Daughter.
Brand Y. et J. R. Mosig, 1995, « Modélisation des antennes multicouches excitées par fentes », Journées Nationales Microondes, pp. 5A7, Paris.
Brand Y, and J. R. Mosig, 1995, « Modeling of Multilayred Aperture-Coupled Planar Antennas », Proceedings of the IEEE Antenna and Propagation Symposium, Vol. 4, pp. 2094-2097, Newport Beach, California.
Brand Y., R. C. Hall and J. R. Mosig, 1996, « Approximation of Mixed Potential Green’s Functions at Large Distances », Proceedings of the IEEE Antenna and Propagation Symposium, Vol. 1, pp. 388-391, Baltimore, Maryland.
Brand Y., R. C. Hall and J. R. Mosig, 1996, « Analysis of Infinite Arrays of Aperture Coupled Patch Elements Via a Space Domain Mixed Potential Integral Equation », Proceedings of the IEEE Antenna and Propagation Symposium, Vol. 1, pp. 396-399, Baltimore, Maryland.
Brand Y., A. K. Skivervik and J. R. Mosig, 1996, « An Iterative Scheme for Array Analysis », Jounées Internationales de Nice sur les Antennes (JINA ‘96), pp. 683-686, November 1996.
Brand Y., A. Alvarez-Melcon, J. R. Mosig and R. C. Hall, 1997, « Large Distance Behavior of Stratified Media Spatial Green’s Functions », Proceedings of the IEEE Antenna and Propagation Symposium, Vol. 4, pp. 2334-2337, Montreal, Canada.
J. Mees & alt., 1997, « Open Structure Integrated Schottky Receiver for Space Applications », Proceedings of the 20th ESTEC Antenna Workshop on Millimeterwave Antenna Technology and Antenna Measurements, pp. 257-264, ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands.
J. Mees & alt., 1998, «Key Advanced Structure Investigation for mm- and sub mm- Wave Integrated Receiver (KASIMIR) », Proceedings of the 2nd ESA Workshop on Millimeterwave Technology and Applications, pp. 49-54, MilliLab, Espoo, Finland.
Brand Y., A. K. Skrivervik, J. R. Mosig and F. E. Gardiol, 1998, « New Iterative Integral Equation Technique for Multilayered Printed Array Antennas », MMET’98 Conference Proceedings, Kharkov, June 2-5, pp. 615-617.
Ayadi J., Y. Brand and J. R. Farserotu, 2001, « On the Use of UMTS for Air Ground Links », 12th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC), Paper B7-3, San-Diego, October 2001.
Brand Y., & Alt., 2002, “Ultra Flat Tri-Band High Power Satellite Array Antenna for Ground Navigation”, 20th International Communication Satellite System Conference of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA-ICSSC), Paper 2002-2029, Montreal, May 2002.
Iriarte, J.-C., & alt., 2006, "EBG Superstrate for Gain Enhancement of a Circularly Polarized Patch Antenna", Proceedings of the IEEE Antenna and Propagation Symposium, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA, July 9-15, 2006, pp. 2993-2996.
Lacasse, J.-D., & alt., 2006, "Loss-reduction and dispersion control for minimum beam squinting in infinite-wavelength CRLH beam forming networks", Proceedings of the IEEE Antenna and Propagation Symposium, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA, July 9-15, 2006, pp544.
Riel, M., & alt., 2010, "Design of Low Scattering Struts for Center-Fed Reflector Antennas", European Conference on Antennas & Propagation (EuCAP) 2010, Paper A20-3, Barcelona, Spain.
Hafner C. & alt., 1994, «On the Combinaison of MMP with MoM », Applied Computational Electromagnetics (ACES) Journal, Vol. 9, pp. 18-27.
Zurcher J.-F. and Y. Brand, 1996, «An Active Strip-Slot-Foam Inverted Patch Antenna », MOTL, Vol. 13, No. 3, October, pp. 114-119.
Eleftheriades, G. V, Y. Brand, J.-F. Zurcher and J. R. Mosig, 1997, « ALPSS: A millimeter-Wave Aperture Coupled Patch Antenna on a Substrate Lens », Electronics Letters, Vol. 33, No. 3, January 1997, pp. 169-170.
Brand Y., A. K. Skrivervik and J. R. Mosig, 1997, «An Iterative Scheme Solution for The analysis of Printed Arrays », MOTL, Vol. 16, No. 2, October, pp. 106-115.
Iriarte, J.-C., & alt., 2009, «EBG Superstrate Array Configuration for the WAAS Space Segment», IEEE Transactions on Antenna and Propagation, Vol. 57, No. 1, pp. 81-93, 2009.
Riel, M., & alt., 2012, «Performance Improvements of Center-Fed Reflector Antennas Using Low Scattering Struts», IEEE Transactions on Antenna and Propagation, Vol. 60, No. 3, pp. 1269-1280, 2012.
Gerrits J., C. Piguet, and Y. Brand, 2000, « Garde-temps avec mise à l’heure automatique et procédé de mise à l’heure d’un tel garde temps », European Patent No. 01401093.8-2208.
Gaudette Y. and Y. Brand, 2003, «Method for Improving Isolation of an Antenna Mounted on a Structure », US Patent No. US7,138,959 B2 and European Patent No. EP1435676.
Amyotte E. Y. Brand, V. Dupessey and S.-S. Garcia, 2004, « Electromagnetic Bandgap Device For Antenna Structures », US Patent No. US7,236,142.


text:
Feverfew's mechanism of action may be inhibiting the release of serotonin and prostaglandins, both of which act upon blood vessels in the head. The active ingredients in feverfew include parthenolide and tanetin; Best results are seen with standardized extracts of feverfew versus non-extracted preparations.
Use as directed. Note: Feverfew is not a treatment for acute migraine attacks.
1.Am Fam Physician. 2006 Jan 1;73(1):72-8.


text:
J\'er\^ome Maloberti, Shin Ando, and Einoshin Suzuki: "Classification non-supervis\'ee de donn\'ees relationnelles", Extraction et Gestion des Connaissances (EGC'2006), pp. 389-390, Lille, France, January 2006.
Masayuki Hirose and Einoshin Suzuki: "DPITT: Multi-viewpoint Visualization System for Detecting Unexpected WWW Pages Rapidly", 2006 IEEE International Conference on Granular Computing (IEEE-GrC 2006), pp. 538-541, Atlanta, May 2006.
Shin Ando and Einoshin Suzuki: "Detection of Hostile Web Accesses by One-class Classification Method", Proc. International Workshop on Risk Mining 2006 (RM 2006), pp. 83-93, Tokyo, June 2006.
Shin Ando and Einoshin Suzuki: "Distributed Multi-objective GA for Generating Comprehensive Pareto Front in Deceptive Multi-Objective Problems", Proc. 2006 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (IEEE CEC 2006), pp. 5718-5725, IEEE Press, Vancouver, July 2006.
Nicolas Durand, Bruno Cremilleux, and Einoshin Suzuki: ``Visualizing Transactional Data with Multiple Clusterings for Knowledge Discovery'', Foundations of Intelligent Systems, Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 4203 (ISMIS 2006), Springer-Verlag, pp. 47-57, September 2006, Bari, Italy.
Yukihiro Nakamura, Shin Ando, Kenji Aoki, Hiroyuki Mano, and Einoshin Suzuki: ``Strategy Diagram for Identifying Play Strategies in Multi-view Soccer Video Data'', Discovery Science, Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 4265 (DS 2006), Springer-Verlag, pp. 173-184, October 2006, Barcelona.
Shin Ando and Einoshin Suzuki: ``An Information Theoretic Approach for Detection of Minority Subsets from Database'', Proc. Sixth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM 2006), pp. 11-20, Hong Kong, December 2006.
Einoshin Suzuki: "Data Mining Methods for Discovering Interesting Exceptions", Journal of Universal Computer Science, Vol. 12, No. 6, pp. 627-653, June 2006.
Einoshin Suzuki: "Discovering Interesting Exception Rules with Rule Pair", Actes du 2nd Atelier Qualit\'e des donn\'ees et des connaissances, en conjonction avec EGC 2006, Lille, France, p.9, January 2006 (invited talk).
Einoshin Suzuki: "Exception Discovery", Panel on Foundation of Data Mining and Learning, 2006 IEEE International Conference on Granular Computing (IEEE-GrC 2006), Atlanta, May 2006. (panel discussion).

industry_corpus2: Computing & Telecommunications


text:
Our team is ready to develop a digital solution to take your business forward.
But first, tell us a little more about your project.
The development of a considered visual identity that communicates a clear value proposition.
A digital platform with a great user experience gets your brand out there. Apps, websites, online stores… whatever you need to engage with your market.
A clearly defined SEO, SEM, and social media strategy drives traffic creates awareness and ultimately translates into ROI.
If the options above don’t speak to your needs don’t worry, we’d still love to hear about your ambitious idea.


text:
Suboxone was developed to help people overcome opioid addiction. It contains buprenorphine, an opioid medication, and naloxone, a drug that counteracts opioids’ effects on the brain. Despite its therapeutic effectiveness, it also may be diverted and abused recreationally.
Withdrawal symptoms occur when someone who has taken Suboxone over time suddenly quits using it.
Lists the main symptoms of Suboxone withdrawal.
Details a Suboxone withdrawal timeline.
Explains the causes of withdrawal.
Helps you find a detox center.
The severity of withdrawal symptoms varies by individual. It depends on how much of the drug is taken and for how long.
Detoxing off Suboxone is rarely life-threatening. But some of these symptoms can become so severe that emergency medical treatment may be required.
Cardiac arrhythmias and severe depression – potentially leading to suicidal thoughts and behavior – are among the more serious, yet less common, withdrawal symptoms.
Sudden withdrawal from opioid drugs typically follows a predictable timeline. Certain symptoms emerge quickly and subside while others linger. For example, intense cravings for the drug begin within a few short hours and remain throughout the withdrawal process. That said, certain factors, such as the amount of time someone has used and the dose, can affect how long it takes to detox from Suboxone.
Within 12 hours: Cravings start, muscles begin aching, and the person may experience anxiety, tearing, insomnia, runny nose, and sweating.
First 2-3 days: Symptoms intensify. Diarrhea and vomiting may occur. The person may also have goose bumps, abdominal cramps, increased blood pressure and heart rate, and dilated pupils.
Like other opioids, regular Suboxone use can lead to dependence. With repeated use or abuse, the body becomes dependent on the drug to maintain optimal functioning. When Suboxone levels begin to decline in the user’s system, the system is thrown off-balance and the brain sends craving sensations until the need is met.
Because of the inclusion of naloxone – an opioid antagonist – in the formulation of Suboxone, misuse of the drug can cause withdrawal symptoms (for example, if it is used excessively and/or when it is used with other opioids).
One reason for its effectiveness as a treatment for opioid dependence is that if it’s used along with other opioids, such as heroin, the naloxone component will precipitate withdrawal symptoms that will not be completely relieved by taking more opioids.
Even though Suboxone withdrawal is not life-threatening, its symptoms can be very uncomfortable. Suboxone detox centers can ease the acute symptoms of withdrawal and increase the likelihood of long-term recovery.
Slowly tapering off the drug with medical assistance is often the most effective way to quit opioids, including Suboxone. Tapering reduces the withdrawal effects and minimizes how long they last. During the tapering process, the person can begin to undergo additional therapy for substance abuse, if needed.
Detox centers provide close monitoring and management of acute withdrawal and any associated medical issues. But they will not always offer further treatment for addiction, which will more likely take place as part of a separate substance abuse treatment program.
Outpatient Suboxone withdrawal treatment can help with both short-term and longer-term recovery efforts, and participants are able to return home when treatment is completed for the day. An outpatient treatment regimen often consists of group and individual addiction therapy on a part-time basis throughout the week.
Inpatient programs take place at live-in treatment centers where people attend therapy groups, 12-step meetings, and individual counseling, and participate in other recovery activities such as exercise and yoga. Many of these programs offer detox at the start of treatment.
Day treatment or partial hospitalization programs are outpatient programs that include medical support and therapy. Some may help people detox off Suboxone.
Dual diagnosis programs treat mental disorders and substance abuse. Mental health conditions sometimes exist in association with opioid use disorders. Suboxone users may also be using alcohol and other drugs, and these additional issues need to be treated.
12-step programs such as Narcotics Anonymous are free and offer peer support. To prevent relapse, these programs may continue for months or longer. SMART Recovery is a popular non-12-step program.
Withdrawing from Suboxone may require some of the same medications used to treat other opioid addictions and withdrawal.
Benzodiazepines may help with insomnia and anxiety.
Nausea and anti-diarrhea medications are also available.
If you or someone you care for suffers from Suboxone addiction, help is available. Whether the solution is inpatient care, a detox center, or outpatient therapy, the suffering does not have to continue.
When you call, have your insurance information on hand. Also make sure you can provide information about how long you’ve abused Suboxone, whether you’re abusing other drugs, whether you want to travel or stay in your hometown for treatment, and whether you have medical or psychiatric concerns that need to be treated.
. U.S. Drug Enforcement Agency. (2013) Buprenorphine.
. U.S. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2016) Buprenorphine.
. U.S. Department of Justice: National Drug Intelligence Center. (2004) Intelligence Bulletin: Buprenorphine: Potential for Abuse.
. U.S. National Library of Medicine: MedlinePlus. (2016) Opiate and Opioid Withdrawal.
. Merck Manual. (2016) Opioid Toxicity and Withdrawal.
. Merck Manual. (2016) Opioid Use Disorder and Rehabilitation.
. National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2014) Prescription Drug Abuse: Treating Addiction to Prescription Opioids.


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A savoury gravy with notes of pepper, rosemary & sage. Expertly blended with premium McCormick Gourmet spices and contains no artificial colours or flavours.
MODIFIED CORN STARCH, WHEAT FLOUR, YEAST EXTRACT, SALT, CORN MALTODEXTRIN, PALM OIL SHORTENING, NATURAL FLAVOUR (CONTAINS SOY, WHEAT, CHICKEN), MODIFIED MILK INGREDIENTS, DEHYDRATED ONION, GLUCOSE SOLIDS, SUGAR, SPICES AND HERBS, CARAMEL COLOUR, CITRIC ACID, HIGH OLEIC SUNFLOWER OIL, ANNATTO, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, SILICON DIOXIDE, CALCIUM SILICATE.

industry_corpus2: Hospitality & Catering


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Customer satisfaction is our goal at ZEQI. We accomplish this through providing not only quality products but attentive service.
Before purchase, in addition to project feasibility analysis, we offer equipment recommendation based on our client's specific application needs, and plant planning as well as costing of related electric power facility. The delivery time is forty days. Our products come with one-year warranty. Within this period, we offer free replacements for the wearing parts and cost prices for other components.
Additionally, we provide formula design according to the client's specific product need. Maintenance, training and turn-key project services are available, in addition to OEM service, upon request.

industry_corpus2: Power & Energy


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In the midst of all of the changes Chris and I have been going through with the full-time launch of his business, I’ve been able to keep my head steady the majority of the time. We have been very blessed, and sometimes we feel naively optimistic. The launch of Chris Paul Design as a fully-functioning, full-equipped business is a dream for us, and we are excited about all of the opportunities that have been opening up.
However, I’ve noticed that small things can make me feel like all of this is out of control. Like my doctor prescribing the wrong allergy medicine, Internet issues, and other things I can’t control. These little things are a big reminder of the great big world and all of the forces that control the world that I know – and the precious few that I control, and the even fewer that care to hear my input.
Like political forces that have nothing to do with my right to vote, or the voters voice. I can barely stand to listen to the Talking Heads these days… no Fox News for me today. I’ll wait ’til Wednesday, thank you.
And the economy. Sheesh. The bad news is that our nation is in a very bad place financially, and it will take some time to get us out of the hole we’ve dug. I’m particularly sad for those who’ve lost their retirement savings and emergency funds – a lifetime of effort lost because a few executives fouled up their businesses. The good news is that we’re learning, as a nation, and hopefully we’re making the changes that we need to never make these mistakes again.
Anyway, I digress. I’ve been working on getting a grip on my lack of control. Recognizing the few things I can control and doing those things well – like my job, homework, taking care of my home and protecting our investment, and staying connected with my friends and family – have helped. Creative forays help, too, like the photo montage Chris and I put up in our living room these weekend, and our attempt at printing last Monday. I don’t have the answers to the economy, and I can’t predict the future, but I’m learning each to day to stop reacting to the news around me. Instead, I’m learning to only focus on what I can handle and the actions I can take to make a difference.


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I need an essay on teens and cosmetic surgery. Can you give me one? If not, where can I get one?
Sometimes it's helpful to see how other students have tackled their essay writing assignments, and exampleessays.com has over 150 student-written papers on cosmetic surgery. Take a look at the essays on the site and see if there is one (or more) that can give you ideas for your own paper.


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So you're ready to make a purchase from Hard Candy Cases, just click a Hard Candy Cases coupon codes provided here, and copy it. After that, just paste the code into the coupon box during checkout, your discount should appear automatically. With GetDiscountCoupon.com, you'll find only the latest hardcandycases.com discount coupons.
Never miss coupons from Hard Candy Cases!
Enter your email below and we will send you the latest and greatest Hard Candy Cases deals.
Hard Candy Cases specializes in cases for iPhones, iPods, iPads, MacBooks and Tablets. Hard Candy makes it easy for all fashionista's to reflect their own personal style.Our main goal is to seamlessly combine fashion and protection in all of the case products.
Hard Candy unveils its newest cases for the Apple iPad 2. Superior style and protection for the Apple iPad 2, and the first cases to market!
Hard Candy Cases is a premium fashion brand that targets the sophisticated, fashion-savvy yet practical Apple user demographic. We are experienced, led by the founder and former-CEO of Speck Products, but we also bring a fresh perspective, innovative designs and fast execution to the business. What makes Hard Candy Cases unique? Not only do our cases offer premium protection, but our designs are exceptionally eye-catching and functional. With production infrastructure designed to get our products first to market, we also focus on giving our resellers an edge over the competition.
The recent release of new Apple products, such as the iPad and iPhone 4, has created a niche for mobile electronics accessories manufacturers to satisfy the demands of a growing number of consumers seeking protection and personalization for their devices. Hard Candy Cases is always first to market, which means we get to consumers first and give our resellers opportunities to break ground.
Once you have find the available Hardcandycases.com promo code, choose the best Hardcandycases.com code according to your needs because you can have multiple promo codes for Hardcandycases.com.
You should check any restrictions and policies before applying coupon, such as expiration date, because some coupons are valid for very short period, So if you need a Latest Hardcandycases.com Promo Coupon / promotion code please BOOKMARK US (Ctrl + D) and check this site frequently. And one important thing some coupon codes are case-sensitive.


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Complete Guide & Directory of Mobility Scooter Suppliers to help keep you moving in Austin.
US Mobility offers a one stop shop for locating the best deals on mobility products in Austin, whether you are looking for a brand new mobility scooter or electric wheelchair or a used mobility aid, US Mobility in Austin is here to help. We would recommend you compare prices and shop around before making your mobility purchase in Austin.
Mobility scooters and other mobility related products are available from mobility store outlets throughout Austin.
If you are considering purchasing an electric mobility scooter, or you need mobility scooter parts, then US Mobility can help you find what you need. We list the mobility equipment suppliers in Austin to assist you in finding all types of mobility scooters, including portable mobility scooters, folding mobility scooters, and power wheelchairs. If you are looking for a mobility scooter rental, cheap mobility scooters or a discount mobility scooter in Austin, then US Mobility can help you locate a local mobility rental outlet. There are also a number of dealers in Austin who offer used mobility scooter sales. Mobility equipment can be an expensive outlay, especially if you are not receiving payment from Medicare towards the cost of your mobility scooter. Therefore, we at US Mobility aim to assist you in making your mobility equipment decision. There are options available in Austin to buy new mobility scooters, to buy used mobility scooters or to rent a mobility scooter. You need to weigh up the pros and cons, and the costs involved, to make the choice that is right for you. By shopping around, you can find cheap electric scooters to suit all budgets and if you qualify for assistance from Medicare, then you really will be getting a cheap mobility scooter.
Once your mobility is limited to the point that you require some assistive equipment, it is important to assess what is available to you in Austin, be it new, or used, motability scooter. We understand that for many people seeking an electric wheelchair cost can be a very significant factor, so we can help you locate the cheapest mobility scooter in Austin. We provide information on dealers who have second-hand electric handicap scooters for sale, and mobility stockists who also offer rental mobility scooters.
If the cost of buying a mobility scooter is a barrier, then you will find that renting an electric scooter in Austin may be an option. Also local disability organizations will often hire medical mobility equipment, many even have special programs to assist the disabled to purchase 2nd hand mobility scooters. If you require additional mobility assistive equipment such as wheelchair ramps, stair-lifts or an adjustable bed in Austin, then you will find information guides and links to suppliers on US Mobility Online.

industry_corpus2: Technology & Research


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The njit software downloads is developing at a frantic pace. New versions of the software should be released several times a quarter and even several times a month.
Update for njit software downloads.
Secondly, the needs of users are growing, requirements are increasing and the needs are changing for njit software downloads.
Therefore, it is necessary to monitor changes in the njit software downloads and to update it in a timely manner.


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I'm always on the lookout for a nice face mask - whether the mask claims to remove dirt from pores or years of wear and tear, it doesn't matter, I'm in. I just love and crave the pampering feeling that is for sure to come when wearing a face mask.
Though I am a fan of ALL face masks, I most definitely prefer refreshing and cool face masks over the more intense masks. Recently I found an incredibly clean, light, and refreshing face mask from Alba Botanica.
Alba Botanica offers a whole range of Even Advanced skincare products that are made to equalize pigmentation for an even complexion. I've been using the deep sea facial mask from that range and, though I haven't yet seen a major difference in my dark spots left behind from old pimples, I do keep coming back to this mask because of how incredibly refreshed it makes my skin feel. I absolutely love how cool my skin feels while wearing and the way it makes my skin smell even hours after washing it off. Most importantly, this mask didn't irritate my skin or clog my pores.
Alba Botanica's Even Advanced Facial Mask is certified cruelty-free from the Leaping Bunny program and is made with 100% vegetarian ingredients. This product contains no artificial colors, parabens, or phthalates.
Face mask and Face cream are the leading product in cosmetic industry. These products are use daily in life for glowing the skin and also working as the protection of the skin.

industry_corpus2: Biopharmaceuticals


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PICKERINGTON, Ohio, July 22—The American Motorcyclist Association initiated a petition drive today to convince the California Office of Administrative Law to allow state agencies to once again disseminate important information on safely and responsibly executing the motorcycling technique called lane splitting.
The online petition can be found here: https://cqrcengage.com/amacycle/app/sign-petition?1&engagementId=55066.
A recent Office of Administrative Law order resulted in the California Highway Patrol, the Department of Motor Vehicles and other agencies removing CHP lane-splitting guidelines from their websites and ridding their offices of pamphlets, fliers and other documents that contained the safety information.
The CHP also removed references to lane splitting from its online FAQ, where information had been available long before the agency released its guidelines early in 2013.
The AMA supports the continued use of safe lane splitting in California and the implementation of lane-splitting laws in other states, coupled with extensive rider and driver education programs.
The guidelines disappeared at the urging of Kenneth Mandler of Sacramento, California, who petitioned the OAL in the fall of 2013, claiming that the CHP guidelines were an “underground regulation”—a rule that would be enforced, even though it had not been the subject of the Administrative Procedure Act’s prescribed process.
In response to Mandler’s complaint, CHP Commissioner J. A. Farrow certified to the OAL that his agency would not “issue, use, enforce, or attempt to enforce the public education information.” The OAL determined that posting the guidelines on the website was “issuing” them.
Lane splitting, also called lane filtering, is the practice of riding a motorcycle or scooter between lanes of stopped or slowly moving traffic. The practice has been permitted in California for decades and no statute prohibits it. No other state allows the maneuver. Lane splitting is common in other countries around the world.
The CHP posted its guidelines with the intention of helping motorcyclists and motorists understand safe practices and to discourage unsafe lane splitting.
For its part, the Office of Administrative Law says it made no determination regarding Mandler’s claim that the guidelines were an underground regulation.
Instead, OAL senior counsel Elizabeth Heidig instructed the CHP to remove the guidelines because Farrow agreed not to “issue” them.
The AMA petition seeks to demonstrate to the OAL that its narrow interpretation of Farrow’s word choice jeopardizes thousands of California motorcyclists, automobile and truck drivers and visitors to the state, because they are being denied access to safety guidelines that affect their roadway environment.
The CHP guidelines remain available from the AMA here:http://americanmotorcyclist.com/Libraries/Rights_Documents_State/lanesplitting_guidelines.sflb.ashx?download=true.
The complete AMA lane splitting position statement is available here:http://americanmotorcyclist.com/Rights/PositionStatements/LaneSplitting.aspx.
Ben ‘Nighthorse’ Campbell to truck 2012 Capitol Christmas Tree to Washington, D.C.
Ben 'Nighthorse' Campbell to truck 2012 Capitol Christmas Tree to Washington, D.C.

industry_corpus2: Automobiles


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LEGO is an iconic toy brand recognized around the world. In-store merchandising displays from interactive and secure model cases to updatable graphic systems for standard gondolas, in-store mobile marketing carts and more have been produced by Frank Mayer and Associates, Inc. for over a decade.
Over 20 different characters converting LEGO’s 3-inch mini-figures to larger size replicas (19″ & 37″) have been engineered and produced, totaling over 10,000 “mini-figures”.
Put some fun into your next display program and generate a buzz in-store.

industry_corpus2: Manufacturing


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Audio-Technica has announced that its Netherlands-based distributor, Iemke Roos Audio, will be rebranded to “Audio-Technica Benelux” on 6th February 2018.
While the name changes, the company ensures that all customers will “continue to receive the same exceptional levels of service” with an unchanged lemke Roos team headed up by long-serving managing director Gineke van Urk.
One of the longest established professional audio importers in the Netherlands, Iemke Roos has worked with broadcasters, musicians and audio-visual and hi-fi specialist retailers since 1969.
The company has been an affiliate of Audio-Technica Group since July 2014 and the naming transition to Audio-Technica Benelux will further increase the Japanese company’s presence in Europe, adding to its offices in France, Germany, Spain, Hungary, Dubai and UK.
Lemke Roos’ van Urk added: “Working in close collaboration with Audio-Technica Europe has given us opportunities to grow our business and presence in the market, making use of the knowledge, experience and marketing resources of the Audio-Technica Europe team.
Audio-Technica Benelux will be celebrating its rebrand during ISE 2018.


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There has never been an easier way to tap into Eastman Credit Union! Our mobile application provides fast and secure access to all your accounts - right in the palm of your hand.
Need to transfer money to cover a purchase? You got it. Looking for the closest branch or ATM to your current location? Done. Or maybe you just remembered that you forgot to pay your water bill before you left on vacation. Not a problem. All this and more is just a tap away.
Note: To use Eastman Credit Unions mobile application, you will first need to enroll in ECU Online Banking. Visit ecu.org or contact a member service representative at 800.999.2328 to gain instant access.

industry_corpus2: Finance & Economics


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Oort was born a few cycles ago, when a wandering star passed by.
A seam opened inside me like a yearning I had not even known existed. The gravitational forces of the sun, that distant, bright pinprick light, and this new star, were tearing me apart.
Afterwards, drifting next to me was a shapeless lump of ice made of water, ammonia, carbon dioxide, and methane, someone who had once been a part of me but also completely new to the universe.
"Mom, what's near the sun?" Oort asks.
"Only danger," I tell her.
"That's not what Tyche says."
Tyche, that good-for-nothing brown dwarf, that failed star, is back in the neighborhood. I've felt the perturbations.
"Tyche told us about great banded Jupiter and magnificent ringed Saturn. It sounds so much more fun near the sun than here, where nothing ever happens."
"Stay here with me and the rest of the comets. This is where we belong."
She's gone when I wake up.
I look around, frantic-there, diving headlong towards the sun like a falling star, is my child.
"The young must have their adventures!" Tyche shouts, laughing.
Tyche obliges. Her gravity pulls me out of orbit and launches me after my stubborn, foolish, beautiful child.
Faster and faster, we dive towards the sun, and Oort stays just a step out of my reach.
"Isn't this fun, Mom?" She giggles, and dodges out of my grasp. "Wow, Tyche wasn't lying. Is that Saturn?"
The gas giant looms in the darkness, its rings fiery halos drowning out the background starfield.
"Sena!" Saturn says in a booming voice. "You're even more lovely than I remembered."
"You know him?" Oort asks.
"Don't sound so surprised. Your mother was young once, too," I grumble.
"What's happening to me?" Oort sounds frightened.
The vapors from the sublimating ice on her surface form a soft, glowing nimbus around her. My child has grown her misty coma.
"Don't be afraid," I shout at her. "You're just growing up."
She leaves a trail of dust thousands of miles long behind her. The gases in her coma, ionized by the solar wind, form a bright glowing veil pointing away from the sun.
"She's glorious." Saturn's voice is fading. "Reminds me of a certain young comet I once knew..."
I show Oort how I turn to expose different sides of my body to the heat of the sun. As trapped pockets of water vapor, ammonia, and methane explode, the plumes nudge my trajectory this way and that.
Oort imitates me, and we skim right around the edge of the great whirlpool of Jupiter's gravity well.
We swerve and dodge through the shoal of asteroids, ever accelerating, getting closer and closer to the sun.
Up front, a blue-and-white rocky planet hangs in space like a jewel.
I sigh and tell her the truth I've been trying to hide from her. "A cemetery."
Eons ago, my mother and I had taken this very same journey. The world had been younger then, and I more daring.
"Stay back, Sena," Mother said. "Don't skim so close."
"You never let me do anything fun!"
And I twisted my way near the planet, trying to pass between it and its pale moon like a daredevil. A slip, and I was caught in its gravity well, spiralling down to the surface.
Mother said nothing but swooped in next to me, and with a firm push, nudged me into an escape orbit.
But the rescue had its cost. I watched, helplessly, as she plunged towards her death on that barren, blazing rock. Falling through the thick atmosphere, she burned, so bright that I imagined her to be a tiny sun.
I kept my eyes on her trail on the way home. It continued to shimmer in the dark void of space and refused to dissipate, like my guilt.
"I'm hardly a graveyard," says Earth, startling both Oort and me. "The water from your grandmother and other comets filled my oceans, and their organic molecules, colliding and combining, evolved into ever more complex and beautiful patterns. They now love to watch the sky for comets."
I imagine the eyes of the creatures below gazing up at us. Some of the atoms in the life below had once belonged to my mother.
"I'd like to visit grandma again next cycle," Oort says as we loop around the sun, grazing the fiery orb so closely that we almost touch it. We're heading home.
I think about how, with each approach to the sun, a little more of us is lost to the emptiness of space. Eventually, in a few more cycles at the most, we'll be gone.
But how glorious to leave that trail across the sky, to inscribe a message of wonder in the heavens for creatures whose lives are lived in the blink of an eye compared to ours. The universe is a canvas against which we trace out our names, and how much better to blaze and shine and create and inspire than to drift forever in the safe, lifeless darkness.
"All right," I tell her. "We'll come back."

industry_corpus2: Literature & Emotions


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Information concerning the Embassy of Mauritius in Atlanta, United States, Mauritian visa rules, tourist destinations in Mauritius, local weather outlook, public bank holidays and a lot more travel facts for Mauritius are found by checking out the links on this web page.
Looking for a cheap flight from United States to Mauritius? Use the flight search tool on this website to find, compare and book the cheapest flights to Mauritius.
It is very easy and quick to find the best flight deals from Atlanta to Mauritius where many airlines fly to major cities around the globe. You can search many internet flight websites to book the best flights to anywhere in the world.
Travelling from United States and need to book a hotel room in Port Louis or other cities Mauritius? There are many ways to find, compare and book the cheapest hotels.

industry_corpus2: Travel & Geography


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Hotpoint Appliance Repair Willow City, TX 78675 From dishwashing machines to cooking, refrigeration as well as laundry, Hotpoint is an outstanding appliance selection for house owners to do necessary tasks. It is very important if you have one of those devices, to care for it and also ensure it’s running smoothly whatsoever times to ensure that your life isn’t interrupted, as well as you don’t have a busted home appliance that will cost a great deal of cash to change. Whenever you experience a Hotpoint device failing, you need to always count on the specialists for solutions which include the home appliance proprietor’s guidebook that Hotpoint items when you purchase it, and also experienced home appliance fixing technicians when the guidebook can not fix it. If you can’t locate or shed the owner’s handbook, you could go to the Hotpoint web site and find it under your product’s sales page in a pdf layout. Most common issues such as your home appliance not powering on, water not moving in it or failure to warmth or cool, unusual noises or scents, not getting the results you desire to use it, or other small issues can have simple options covered because manual. As an example, you may have neglected to plug your device in, maybe remaining on an unleveled flooring in your residence, you could have set it on the inaccurate setting with the button, or it may even be time to clean it. The majority of those scenarios are covered in the manual and also can be conveniently fixed by yourself, however some problems could not be.
Hotpoint Appliance Repair Willow City, TX 78675. For problems where you see evident mechanical failings, faulty electrical wiring inside the device, very strong scents or noises or smoke showing up that you understand must not be, you should call a specialist to manage those troubles. Attempting to repair troubles that are not covered or defined directly in the proprietor’s handbook, can be hazardous if you don’t have the proper safety and security devices or training to manage them. Specialists in Hotpoint home appliance repair work do have the training as well as great fixing business even require a certain quantity of experience from their professionals. The majority of generally do a first medical diagnosis of your home appliance’s trouble free of cost, however you might intend to examine the firm assesses making sure there’s no hidden charges or charges they could throw at you. In the long run, trusting your home appliance to expert hands will certainly save you cash and also comfort.


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Just because advent calendars date back hundreds of years does not mean that brands aren’t doing cool, interesting, and innovative work in the category. In 2018, advent calendars can target children or adults, cost anywhere $3 from to $100, and contain anything from traditional chocolates to imported cheeses. Below are five of our favorite advent calendars that we’ve seen so far this season.
For anyone planning to host a holiday party, these dual advent calendars from Aldi are a fun and unique offering. One is filled with twenty-four “festive imported mini cheeses,” while the other contains a variety of mini wine bottles. This is obviously much more grown-up than traditional advent calendars, and puts an interesting (and tasty!) spin on the tradition.
This “whimsical wooden keepsake box” from Harry & David is filled with malt balls, candy-coated popcorn, macaroons, shortbread cookies, and peppermint truffles. Unlike traditional advent calendars that conceal a treat for every day of December through Christmas Eve, this instead has twelve larger boxes, which are filled to make a series of heartier snacks.
Like the calendar from Harry & David, Mackenzie Limited’s beautiful advent calendar is made of solid wood and is intended to be reused year after year. Each door is stocked with special treats, and the calendar was featured in the Netflix original movie The Holiday Calendar.
Quality Street is an iconic candy brand in the UK, and is considered a staple during the holiday season. This year, parent company Nestle has released the first-ever Quality Street advent calendar, to much excitement and anticipation in Britain.
According to Dean & Deluca, Wally and Whiz’s advent calendar is “a study in Danish design and tradition,” and each numbered box contains a small package of gummies “in uniquely Scandinavian flavor combinations.” We appreciate the calendar’s beautiful and unique color options, as shoppers can choose from either periwinkle or peach, atypical of seasonal packaging.
Whether they choose to go deep into traditional imagery or shake things up a little with interesting colors and patterns, food and beverage brands that really put effort and interest into their advent calendar designs are likely to win the season. By paying attention to significant visual and culinary trends, brands have the opportunity to be a part of consumer’s lives every day for the entire month of December.


text: Moto fans! I'm going to have $4 off (online) coupons for the IMS near you. Stay tuned!


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Is it difficult for you to do everything you have planned, are you missing exams, deadlines?
Sometimes, by the time you start the task, it’s already late – the stress is too high, and you can’t focus.
Regularly, you wake up in the morning and do remember your to-do list. Yet, instead of start working, you tend to do all the rest. You start from checking your emails.
Messaging and commenting under the post in the Facebook group. Also, you think about postponing things during the day.
Welcome to the club! You are procrastinating.
If you don’t stop procrastinating, you could fail at work. Your boss could fire you.
More than that, your procrastination is affecting your family members, including your kids.
Do you want to risk your life, destroy your kid’s life, feel embarrassed and stressed all the time?
You can stop procrastinating and even use it for your benefit.
Here is how to stop it.
Observation is an essential skill. Especially when you want to find out the reason for your behaviour. It’s the first step of the scientific method.
Devote some time and observe your behaviour. You need to determine the hierarchy – in your mind, what is on the top of your to-do list and what is on the bottom. From all the things you have in your to-do list the one you are avoiding/delaying to do is the one on the bottom.
It’s the most difficult, unpleasant, boring, big or new task. Meaning it needs most of your effort (mental or physical) and most of your precious time.
What to do next to stop procrastinating?
The truth is, you can use procrastination to get more things done. Let’s take a look.
There is such a term as ‘productive procrastination’. The term was introduced first by the psychologist Piers Steel (2007). Productive procrastination means that while avoiding a big task, you will do tasks which you typically put off.
You will do all the tasks from the hierarchy while avoiding the one which is on the bottom – the hardest one.
You are not alone, and it’s normal. Here is how to use this.
Trick your mind and get everything done!
Surprisingly, you will be motivated to do every task from your to-do list to avoid/delay the last difficult task.
TIP: You know what, do your to-do list. Yet, assign the last task to someone else. Yes! You can find someone who would love to do it, you can suggest doing something which is easy for you instead. Win-win situation. Little cooperation do not harm!
Let’s jump to number 3.
Usually, you have moderate stress several days just before the deadline.
So, don’t lose your precious time – do procrastinate, do something more important before.
TIP: Don’t start too late when the stress levels are so high you can’t finish it on time.
4. What to Do if the Task is Boring?
How to stop procrastinating when you have boring tasks on your to-do list? A task is boring if it’s very easy or not interesting for you. Unfortunately, very often we need to do boring tasks and sometimes spend much time on them too.
You can defeat the boredom!
Combine boring with fun or pleasant. Here is my example. When I was at secondary school I liked maths very much. But, because it was easy for me, it was boring to spend half an hour sitting and completing maths tasks.
So, I would combine maths with snacks – I would write with my right hand and eat sweet corn puffs with my left hand. You can combine boring easy tasks with puffs, seeds, crisps, fruits. Whatever is reinforcing for you, something you already love doing.
5. What to Do When the Task is Unpleasant or Difficult?
Some tasks are unpleasant. Even aversive. Examples are bathroom cleaning, diaper changing. It could be a task which contains an intensive physical exercise.
How to encourage yourself here? Let’s take a look.
Let’s start by removing aversion – put gloves first.
Congratulations – you are halfway through!
You can also remove all chemicals. In the case of bathroom cleaning of other home chores, use natural products instead.
Tasks could have another difficulty, which will make you less productive. Being unproductive is another reason for procrastination. Get some tools. Could be a sponge with handle and little brushes. You need to increase your effectiveness to decrease procrastination.
Now, it’s time to add something pleasant to the process.
Music, listen to your favourite singer. You will finish everything in no time.
Very often, when you have much mental work to do, you need rest. You can take rest from mental task and do a physical task.
Of course, the best ideas come while you are walking. But, sometimes, you can have new ideas even when you are doing chores. The brilliant ideas that don’t come to your mind when you are sitting in front of the computer.
Another way of adding importance to the boring or aversive tasks is to start thinking about them as an exercise which benefits your health. In particular, if you are trying to lose weight.
It’s difficult to stop procrastinating as a student.
When I started studying psychology at the Panteion University in Athens, my Greek was not so good. Of course, I couldn’t understand everything from the begging. I couldn’t be a good student as I used to be at my secondary school.
Yet, I didn’t want to fail. The problem here is that the goal is too big, and the resources are too low – the ultimate stress situation! What shall you do here?
I was stuck and needed some help!
For me, Richard Branson is an excellent example of a self-confident person. He knows that he can find a way even if the idea is new and nobody had done it before!
I was not like him when I started University.
Fortunately, help came very soon. It was my second semester when our Social Psychology professor talked to us about the study on learned helplessness among students and how to deal with this (the professor knew very well how we felt, I guess!).
Scientists in the study gave participants easy tasks first. The tasks they could complete themselves with little effort. After, researchers slowly increased the difficulty of the tasks.
Being able to complete the tasks increased the confidence of the participants. As a result, by using this approach, all tasks (difficult and easy) were accomplished.
I started studying with easy for me subjects, the ones I already knew, like statistics (maths). Some subjects were complicated. So, I had left them for the last year when my confidence was already very high.
The advice here is, relax. Don’t have big expectations from the begging. Start with something easy, interesting, something you already know. Build your confidence. Also, get help whenever you need it, especially from the beginning.
TIP: The biggest problem, though, is the stress during the exams. You can use different techniques to relax.
For example, a good way to relax and go to sleep is thinking of all the things and people in your life you are grateful for.
Yet, the best thing is not to get stressed during the exams in the first place. Here is the trick. Instead of spending less time with your friends during the exams, spend more time with them.
In particular, more exams you have, spend more time with your friends. Don’t do the opposite.
7. Would Better Sleep Help You to Stop Procrastination?
There is a new study from the University of Amsterdam. Wendelien van Eerde and her colleges conduct it. The research team demonstrated the connection between sleep quality and procrastination.
The poor quality of sleep is leading to more work procrastination the next day. Yet, not everyone was affected by the sleep quality. Only employees low in trait self-control did.
So, if you sleep better, you will procrastinate less.
And if you are high in trait self-control, congratulations! You will procrastinate less regardless of your quality of sleep!
Don’t waste your precious time!
Remember, when you do everything you have planned, you will FEEL GREAT at the end of the day!
How to Be So Good They Can’t Ignore You.
Are you stuck with your career?
You want to have a successful life, but you don’t know how or what to do.
You are wondering why certain people are successful, and you are not.
In the meantime, you don’t know what do you want in life. Wondering what path to follow. Furthermore, all these thoughts make you feel lost, upset and unhappy.
Are you gonna just watch other people succeed? I must warn you that this will lead to more anxiety and depression.
You need to rediscover your passion. Stop procrastinating and start retaking action again. It’s time for a change!
I had the same question before I bought this book on Amazon and read it in 3 days!
The book ‘So Good They Can’t Ignore You’ is written by the professor Cal Newport. It’s a career advice book with practical steps you need to take for having a remarkable career.
What Does Author Mean by ‘so good they can’t ignore you’?
Cal Newport says your skills must be way higher than acceptable. You must be perfect, ’so good they can’t ignore you’. Additionally, you need to find a mission. Then, finally, you will feel confident and happy.
Does It Have Scientific Terminology Which is Difficult to Understand?
No, the author uses several terms in this book. Some of them Cal Newport created himself to explain his method better. For example, craftsman mindset, career capital, dream-job elixir.
Is the Author’s Advice Difficult to Follow?
Rule 1 – Don’t follow your passion.
Rule 2 – Make sure you have excellent skills in what you choose to do. This takes practising your skills every day.
Rule 3 – Take control/freedom of your life.
Rule 4 – Find a mission in your life after you have enough skills, when you are ‘so good they can’t ignore you’.
Does the Author Support his Method with Enough Evidence?
Cal Newport uses a lot of research and case studies of successful people. By the way, some of them he interviewed himself. More than that, he is telling us about changes in his own career life which he made following these 4 rules.
Why is This Book Unique?
First of all, it changes completely the perspective you have about your life and career. Actually, starting from the end (passion) is a huge mistake.
Cal Newport states that the advice ‘find your passion’ or ‘follow your passion’ is not good advice. He says not to follow your passion. He suggests improving your skills first. Master something and passion will follow.
By the way, this book even helped me to understand my husband better. He loves working hard. I often ask my husband ‘what’s your favourite job?’. He always answers ‘I have done different jobs and I loved them all’. Now I understand what does he mean.
The truth is, by the title of this book, you can’t understand how deep is it. I would call this book ‘The Ultimate Guide for Your Remarkable Career’.
It’s a practical book. Gives you step by step guidance which you can use to make the best of your career. And more than that, you can start from the point you are already. You can follow then the next steps necessary for the best career results.
Above all, this book will organise your career.
You can have control of your life and career.
When you start following Cal Newport’s advice, you will feel confident about the steps you are taking. The skills you are improving. You will be surprised by new opportunities opening for you.
You will be who you want to be, make money you want to make, have success you want to have. And, what is most amazing, you will love what you are doing, love yourself and be happy.
You can find and use the book ‘So good they can’t ignore you’ as an ultimate guide for your new remarkable career.


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Mesa and Phoenix restaurants cited on this week's restaurant inspection list of 4 or more violations. Also see 20 spots that earned top scores.
Get details on restaurants cited by Maricopa County inspectors for four or more priority violations during the weeks of Jan. 7 and Jan.14.
Mariscos El Rey, 830 W. Southern Ave., Suite 1, Mesa.
Employee handled and prepared oysters with bare hands. | Discarded.
Cooked rice at improper temperatures. | Reheated.
Horchata at improper temperatures. | Corrected.
Large amounts of water pooled out from dishwasher with major leak. | Dishwasher and plumbing to be repaired.
New Silver Dragon, 1739 W. Glendale Ave., Phoenix.
Raw chicken wings stored above raw shelled eggs. |Rearranged to prevent cross-contamination.
Dishwasher failed to dispense chlorine sanitizer. | Repaired broken hose.
Cooked shrimp at improper temperatures. | Discarded.
No vacuum breaker on spigot with connected hose and sprayer. | Disconnected.
Steak 44, 5101 N. 44th St.
Flex Kitchen, 1517 S. Black Canyon Highway.
AZ Kabob House, 7000 E. Mayo Blvd., Suite 1060.
O2 Sushi, 21043 N. Cave Creek Road, Suite A10 A.
First Watch, 34948 N. Valley Parkway.
Mimi's Cafe, 2800 W. Chandler Blvd., Chandler.
Flaming Kabob, 2252 E. Baseline Road, Mesa.
Jimmy John's, 1055 S. Arizona Ave., Suite 1, Chandler.
Moxy Phoenix-Tempe, 1333 S. Rural Road, Tempe.
Can't Stop Smokin' BBQ, 2650 E. University Drive, Suite 107, Mesa.
Zipps Sports Grill, 6501 E. Greenway Parkway.
Fiesta Burrito, 7402 E. McDowell Road.
Brio Tuscan Grille, 15301 N. Scottsdale Road.
Thai Orchid Garden, 12725 W. Indian School Road, Suite A104, Avondale.
Subway, 410 E. Highway MC85, Suite 2, Buckeye.
Szechuan Cuisine, 5158 W. Olive Ave., Glendale.
Lee's Sandwiches, 13686 N. 75th Ave., Peoria.
Cold Stone Creamery, 3301 N. Litchfield Road, Suite 400, Goodyear.


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The use of this antibody in the following application has been tested. Optimal concentrations should be determined by the end user. The product may be used in other not-yet-tested applications.
Competitive ELISA No difference between Biotin-conjugated and unconjugated SAH molecules in their capabilities to competitively bind anti-SAH antibody.


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So I have had Raspberry Pi for around three years now, but I never had a chance to write something about it. Now that the Raspberry Pi Model B+ and Raspberry Pi 2 Model B are released, I thought I should have done more justice to the one I have, and here it comes! I am using Raspberry Pi Model B for this post, but it should be good for any model.
And before you start thinking that this is an obsolete tutorial, please note that the Raspberry Pi Foundation will keep Model B in production as long as there’s a demand for it. This is meant to continue to support the industrial customers.
A brief introduction to Raspberry Pi (henceforth abbreviated as RPi) can be found here. The first thing that you would want to do with your RPi is to install and run an operating system (OS) on it. But even before that, you might as well know how it should be connected. Check out this cool video from Raspberry Pi’s website.
Raspberry Pi (Model A, B or B+) – any model will work for this.
Micro-USB adapter and cable – to power up the RPi. The power adapter should be able to provide at least 5 volts 750 mA current. The RPi is rated a minimum of 750 mA, but if you intend to hook up power consuming devices to the USB ports (like keyboard, mouse), I would suggest you to go for at least 1 A, whereas 2 A is recommended. You can go for your phone’s charger as well. I am using my HTC One’s charger rated at 5 volts 2 amps.
SD card (for Models A and B) – at least 4 GB (8 GB or more recommended, up to 32 GB) to install and store the OS image.
MicroSD card (for Model B+) – at least 4 GB (8 GB or more recommended, up to 32 GB) to install and store the OS image.
Ethernet cable – an RJ-45 10/100 CAT5e LAN cable for internet connection. This is needed if you are going for network-based NOOBS installation. Otherwise it is not needed for this tutorial, but it is recommended.
You’ll need the following things for this tutorial, but they are optional for all the future posts.
HDMI (to HDMI/DVI) cable – this is to connect a display device (like monitor, TV, TFT/LCD screens). You must not forget that RPi is a computer after all, and computers need a display device.
RCA analog cable – this is to be used only if you wish to connect your “old” home TV to your RPi.
Keyboard and mouse – to connect to your RPi computer. Try to go for smaller ones that consume less power.
SD/MicroSD card reader – to connect SD card to your computer to install the OS image into it. These days many computers come with one such already built in, so check it out first. Once you install your OS, you wouldn’t need it again.
Powered USB hub – in case you are planning to connect more than two USB devices. It is recommended that you go for a power USB hub rather than an un-powered one since more devices will demand more current.
Case – for protection and making your RPi look fancy.
Audio device – if you aren’t connecting your TV via HDMI, then you’ll be missing out on the audio. For that, the RPi has an on-board 3.5 mm audio jack, to which you can connect your headphones, earphones, speakers, or even your home theater system! This is purely optional, we are not demonstrating any audio applications in this tutorial, but you are encouraged to try it out!
But I don’t have a monitor/TV! What do I do?
Good question! I was stumped with the same thing when I was starting off. The answer is really simple. You can log into your RPi remotely via SSH and view the desktop environment by running a VNC server on your RPi. You’ll be able to use your PC to view the desktop of your RPi, use your PC’s keyboard/mouse to control your RPi, as well as share your PC’s internet connection with your RPi. Wait for my next post and I’ll show you how!
The simplest and fastest method to get up and running with your RPi is to use the New Out Of Box Software (aka NOOBS). It formats and partitions your SD card and installs your desired OS on it. It is a little too simple to discuss it here. The Raspberry Pi Foundation has created an amazing video for this, which I decided to share rather than writing about it. Check it out! You can download the latest version of NOOBS from here.
To install OS images manually, you would need to get hold of them in the first place. At the present, you can find pre-built images of six OS which you can download from here. Apart from these, you can also build a custom Linux image for your RPi, which is outside the scope of this post (we’ll dedicate a post on how to build custom Linux image for RPi using the Yocto project soon).
The steps discussed here can be used for any of the OS images, but for the purposes of this tutorial, we will download and install the Raspbian (Debian Wheezy) image onto an SD card and then boot the RPi with it. At the time of writing this post, the latest image is the 2014-06-20-wheezy-raspbian.img. So download the zip file from the downloads page and then extract it. Make sure you download the latest version available, especially if you want to run them on the new RPi Model B+. Older versions wouldn’t work on it.
As mentioned on their Wiki page, Debian does not support RPi’s ARM11 CPU. The Raspbian OS has been modified and built exclusively for the RPi and includes updated versions of some software and some non-free third party packages pre-installed (like Oracle Java and Wolfram Mathematica).
The entire installation process can be categorized into the following steps. The steps are the same whether you’re using Linux, Mac or Windows, however the methodology is a little different for Windows.
Find out the mounted disk ID.
Write the .img file to the disk ID.
Download the OS .zip file and extract it using your favorite unzip tool (like Winzip, 7zip, or Windows native unzip tool, etc). Upon extracting you should have the .img OS image.
Insert your SD/microSD card into your card reader. It’s always recommended to format the card first to FAT32 file system (FAT16 won’t work).
Once your card is formatted, it should mount on its own. Go to My Computer and note the drive letter number assigned to your card.
Download and install Win32 Disk Imager application. It is a freeware and can be downloaded from here, and then open it. If it shows an error, just click OK and continue.
Browse to the image file, choose your SD card device, and click “Write”. Check out the screenshot below. And that should be it. The write process could take a while, so be patient!
If you are using Linux or Mac to prepare your SD card, then we use the dd command line tool. It should be pre-installed. There are a couple of GUI applications available these days as well, but it’s always beneficial to learn to use the dd tool.
This unzips the approx 800 MB .zip file into a 3 GB .img file. This is the reason I asked you to go for a minimum 4 GB SD card. Screenshot is attached below.
The next step is to determine where your SD is being mounted. The trick is simple – we list all the disks before and after inserting the SD card. The disk added to the list will be the one assigned to the SD card.
You can clearly see that an extra line has been added to the listing. This is the one that refers to your SD card.
On a Linux system, the file system could be listed as /dev/sdxx or /dev/mmcblkxxx, whereas on a Mac, it could be listed as /dev/diskxsxxx. I think it’s a good time to take a detour and discuss about Unix file systems. If you are familiar with Unix file system notation, then please skip to the next section.
In Unix based OS (like Linux and Mac), there’s no letter drive number associated to any disk or it’s partition. Every disk exists as a file in the /dev directory and is mounted somewhere else.
For instance, on Linux various disks are assigned the sdxy notation, where x refers to the disk and y refers to the partition. Example, /dev/sda and /dev/sdb refer to two separate disks (like hard disk and SD card). And if it shows up as /dev/sda1 and /dev/sda2, it means that the sda disk has two partitions – 1 and 2.
In some Linux distributions (like Ubuntu), all the disks follow the sdxy notation, whereas in some (like Mint), hard disks and removable drives show up as sdxy whereas multimedia cards like SD cards show up as /dev/mmcblk0, /dev/mmcblk1, etc. and their partitions (if any) show up as /dev/mmcblk0p1 and /dev/mmcblk0p2. Whatever the case may be, the basic idea remains the same, which I hope you have understood.
In case of Mac, all the disks show up as /dev/disk0s2 and /dev/disk4s1. The earlier one refers to the second partition of disk0 and the latter one refers to the first partition of disk4. The underlying concept is the same.
Another important thing that is worth noting is that even though the disk file exists in /dev directory, the disk is mounted somewhere else. In the screenshots attached above, you can note that the SD card is mounted at /media/max/Untitled in Linux and at /Volumes/ABC in Mac. The names “Untitled” and “ABC” are the names of the disk. This means that all the files contained by the SD card can be accessed from these locations. This is totally different from /dev/mmcblk0 or /dev/disk4s1, which are supposed to be used only by the OS kernel in order to issue commands like read, write, open, close, etc. to the SD card.
Also, note that the disk on which the OS is running is always mounted as root directory /.
Next step is to unmount the partition (do not eject the disk, just umount it. You can do this from the disk utility GUI or from the terminal as follows (replace mmcblk0 and disk4s1 with your disk number). Also note that in Mac, the command is unmount whereas in Linux it is umount (not unmount).
bs stands for “block size”. We choose the block size as 4 MB, which should work most of the times. If it doesn’t, choose 1M.
if stands for “input file”, which should be the full path to the .img file that you downloaded. If you are in the same directory, you can simply type the name of the .img file.
of is the “output file” where dd should copy the image file, which should be the entire disk file (not any partition of it). So, if you have your SD card mounted at /dev/sdb1, you should write to /dev/sdb. If it is /dev/mmcblk0p1, it should be /dev/mmcblk0. If it is /dev/disk4s1, it should be /dev/disk4.
And of course, this command requires root level privileges. So if you aren’t logged in as root, you’ll need to type in sudo before the command.
Again, this operation takes a while, and there’s no feedback from dd. So it might appear frozen for some time (sometimes more than 5 minutes). Don’t fret, go make yourself a cup of coffee, drink it, relax and come back!
On a Mac, if the above operation fails, try replacing diskx with rdiskx. And if it reports an error like dd: bs: illegal numeric value, replace 4M with 4m. This should help.
Insert your SD/micro-SD card into the slot at the back of your RPi. This should always be the first step (recommended). Never ever remove it from the RPi as long as it is powered up!
Connect one end of the HDMI cable to your RPi, the other end to your monitor/TV.
Connect one end of the Ethernet cable to your RPi, the other end to your modem/router/PC.
Connect the keyboard and mouse to the USB ports directly.
Connect any other peripheral you wish to connect (could be any other USB device, camera module, audio device, or any other circuit/device connected to the GPIO pins).
The following video by the Raspberry Pi Foundation shows you how to do the same.
You can set some parameters if you want. I would suggest you to expand the file system to fill up the entire space in your SD card and enable SSH. The SD image written by dd and/or the Win32 Disk Imager is only for 3 GB. If you have an SD card of capacity 8 GB, you would like to expand the file system to utililze the entire space. You would be asked to reboot your RPi after this. The reboot would take some time as well since it needs to resize the root file system.
So while I was doing this, I recorded a video as well. It is not professional by any means, but it should still show you what to do and how to do.
And when you can see the following, it means that you have successfully logged into your RPi! Woohoo! Congrats!
The Raspbian comes in with LXDE (Lightweight X Desktop Environment) as its default desktop environment. To start that, simply type in startx in the console in front of you.
Beautiful! Isn’t it! And cute too! :) Go ahead, play around with it! If you have your Ethernet cable connected, then you can browse internet using the Midori browser.
This will reopen the same configuration tool that you encountered during your first boot.
One last thing that you should know is how to turn off your RPi. Definitely disconnecting the power supply directly is not the way to go. If you haven’t noticed already, there’s a Shutdown icon on the desktop. Double click it and it asks for your confirmation.
You can Log Out from the desktop environment by clicking on the little red power button on the bottom left of the LXDE’s screen. But this DOES NOT shut down your RPi. It merely closes the desktop environment, that’s it.
Then we had a quick walk-through of what happens when you boot up your RPi for the first time. We learned how to access and change settings using the software configuration tool raspi-config. More importantly, we learned how to turn off your RPi as well!
Last updated on July 22, 2014.
Can you tell me why I go for Raspberry pie not for microcontroller, may be silly question!!
Raspberry Pi is intended to teach programming to kids as the demand of computer programmers keep on increasing. But you can also use it for your embedded projects. The fact that it runs Linux makes it non-deterministic. If you want real-time performance, go for running bare-metal programs on microcontrollers (like the way you do now). Eventually you’ll find that your applications are growing bigger and bigger and you need improved hardware and software performance. That’s when you opt for a 32-bit processor running OS like Linux which will make your tasks a lot lot easier! But until then, this is a really good learning platform. Give it a shot.. it’s pretty cheap!
That is an excellent write up Max. You’ve awesome presentation skills.I can say this is more than a Cookbook for a beginner.Thumbs up…..
I saw that you also ran python based port selection app on it.
I would like to write device driver on raspberry pi. how can i start writing device driver programming on Rpi. can you please provide with one example. where can i find the kernel source in Rpi?
Great! You can read the book Linux Device Drivers which is available online for free here. Start with learning how to write simple character drivers. You can find the Linux source here.
hai dileep.. do u know how to write a DD in linux…>?
hello sir, can u help me out in interfacing zebrnic usb camera to raspeberrypi b model.


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In today’s world, it's difficult to understand how far the consequences of our actions go. For example, take a simple and innocent act like buying a plastic water bottle and throwing it in the trash. That very same water bottle can end up polluting some of the most remote habitats and destroy ecosystems.
An increasing popular diet choice nowadays, the Flexitarian diet highlights an increased intake of plant-based meals with the occasional meat dish included. According to BBC Food, ‘it is about adding more foods to your diet rather than eliminating any completely.’ By reducing your meat intake, you are actively reducing your carbon footprint and adopting a more environmentally sustainable approach to your food choices.
Did you know the fashion industry is one of the major polluting industries in the world? It is argued that over 85% of textile waste ends up in landfills annually. Why not support ethical and environmentally friendly fashion? At 22 Factor, we take surplus yarn from the luxury fashion world and up-cycle it into the knitwear, creating slow fashion essentials that live, love and last.
We want to create a community of like-minded visionaries that believe in making the fashion space a sustainable one. Under 22x, our partnership program, we aim to do just that. By collaborating with different brands that share the same mission, our goal is to grow the sustainable fashion movement.
Ever leave the faucet running while you brush? Colgate reminds us to save water starting with the bathroom. The little things matter.
Grow a garden at home! Start off with simple plants such as your herbs (Basil or Coriander) then move on to your fruits and veggies. Not only is gardening relaxing but it is also known to reduce anxiety and stress. Planting trees helps store carbon from the atmosphere into the soil. It also cools down your house during the summer. With a little love, care and attention watch your garden thrive into an ever-growing Oxygen source.
Unleash the eco-warrior in you! Make these simple lifestyle changes to reduce your ecological footprint and contribute to a more sustainable future.


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When your stomach starts talkin' and your tastebuds start tinglin' for a classic slice of meaty, cheesy goodness, we know you're not craving any old pizza in Inglewood You want a heavenly pizza topped with a robust tomato sauce, expertly sliced pepperoni, heaping piles of melted mozzarella and a hand-tossed crust that's crunchy, crispy, and chewy. You want pizza, perfected. You want Domino's.
At Domino's on La Brea Ave, we make it quick and simple to get the fast, fresh pizza your hunger craves. Call (310) 673-9090 to order your pizza over the phone, go online, or stop by to place a takeout order.
Here at your Domino's on La Brea Ave, we're serious about pizza delivery. We guarantee that your pizza will arrive at your doorstep hot and fresh, straight from our oven. Stay up to date with the status of your order using our custom made TrackerⓇ. Enter in your phone number online and follow the progress of your pizza order from the moment you place it until it arrives at your door... and in the meantime, try not to drool on your phone or computer.
Order online or call (310) 673-9090 now for pizza delivery near you. Our delivery experts are fast and our pizzas are fresh, just the way you like it!


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What standards and frameworks should be considered when implementing and sustaining PBL environments?
Common Core Standards: In an attempt to align standards across the U.S., the Common Core Standards focus heavily on language development across language arts, science, history-social sciences, and technical subjects. Mathematical standards focus on more in depth understandings regarding skills and incorporate literacy measures as well.
International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE): An organization dedicated to improving education for teachers and students by thoughtfully using and structuring technology use in the classroom. ISTE has standards for both student use of technology as well for teachers.
21st Century Workforce Readiness: A movement as well as a series of organizations that seek to improve students' workforce and college readiness by focusing on the 4Cs. Critical thinking, communication, collaboration, and creativity are the skills necessary for participating in a global economy. Creating and sustaining life-long learning, 21st Century workforce readiness is backed by a plethora of research and evidence showing that much of the 21st century requires these essential skills.
Universal Design for Learning (UDL): A framework that works from brain and learning sciences to show how to structure learning environments to fit the needs of diverse learners. UDL claims that there are four critical components to creating curriculum for all learners needs such as instructional goals, materials, methods, assessments. Carefully designing each component will increase the accessibility of content to all learners.
Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK): A framework that calls for three types of knowledge that teachers must use to effectively teach using technology. Pedagogy, content, and technology all intersect to form TPACK.