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XI.1 The texts assembled here are in many cases fragmentary and hard to interpret; they may include unrecognized fragments of texts treated above — in particular, some may well be funerary, or belong to Christian prayers and invocations.
XI.2 The first section (187—211) presents a series of texts which are characteristically enigmatic — those which reserve a person's 'place', either with the word τόπος followed by a name in the genitive, or simply by a name in the genitive. A name in the genitive is sometimes used to indicate a place of burial (so 175, 176, 177 and 178) or to reserve a seat in an auditorium; 1 it is probable that it sometimes indicates a donor (so 29, 30). Similarly, τόπος is a standard term both for a place of burial — as, frequently, in the funerary inscriptions of the Roman period at Aphrodisias 2 — and for a reserved seat. 3 It is therefore often difficult to determine the function of an inscription using this formula, and both the appearance, and the architectural context become of great importance.
XI.3 These 'place' inscriptions (187—211) all appear to have been located in public areas of the city other than auditoria. Since they are therefore unlikely to be funerary (although see XI.5) and cannot be reserving seats (for the exceptions see IX.18), they probably mark the place where a particular individual or the practitioners of a particular craft are to be found. It is clear that from an early date places were reserved in public spaces both by tradesmen and, less often, by public officials. Examples of the latter from the Roman period are found at Miletus and presumably indicate where that official could be met. 4 For tradesmen, on the other hand, many inscribed examples are known and many more probably existed in a more fragile medium. 5 Where only an individual's name is given, it is reasonable to assume on the basis of the more explicit texts, that he was available for business or trade which he does not need to describe (192, 193, 195, 198, 199, 200, 202, 203, 204, 234). Although the script of such texts is often informal and cursive, they are probably not merely private graffiti if they are found in a prominent position. The use of public buildings, in the Roman period at least, seems to have been quite carefully supervised; a τόπος inscription at Iasos specifies that the place has been allocated by a civic official (I.Iasos 261).
XI.4 At Aphrodisias the majority of the place inscriptions are either clearly Christian, or can be assigned to the later Roman period because of their location. I have also included place inscriptions whose dates are uncertain, but which from their script could be after 250. This evidence is confirmed by the archaeological evidence: from the fourth century, private retail and trade activity is occupying more and more of what was previously public open space. We know that shops were built into the Sebasteion portico and the portico east of the Theatre Baths from the fourth century. 6 Such developments are widely paralleled throughout the cities of the Greek east at this period and indicate an acceleration of economic activity. 7 The traders who used the newly constructed shops or occupied other public spaces, could provide a useful rental income to the civic authorities. 8 The greater prominence of trading activity seems to be accompanied by a new and more assured status for retailers and craftsmen. Their increasing tendency to name their occupations on tombstones (see IX.41) perhaps reflects this, and it may also underlie a similar tendency to mark places of trade with an inscription, however brief. All this may mean little more than that the class that once overshadowed such people was now less powerful, or no longer exercised its power in the provincial cities; but at least the status of traders and craftsmen within their own community, if not more widely, seems to have increased noticeably in the late Roman period.
XI.5 187, 188 and 189, all from the eastern colonnade of the precinct of the Temple-Church, might be funerary. All three men mentioned in the inscriptions might have been accorded the privilege of burial in the precinct, in recognition of their pious services, 9 and excavation of the area may yet show this to be so. I am inclined to think, however, that funerary inscriptions in such a location would have been more explicit, and that a nearby column is not the most obvious place for them (admittedly 164 is on a column, but it may have formed part of a funerary chapel). Moreover the presence of two texts — one worn away — in 188 might perhaps be expected with 'place' inscriptions, all these texts are far more likely to mark the 'places' where the men were to be found, They probably date from the fifth or sixth centuries.
XI.7 This kind of student group seems to be slightly different from the more formal organizations of philoponoi attested elsewhere; these groups seem to have been made up of young men, and concerned chiefly with frequent attendance at church and with direct action against pagans, rather than with performing charitable services for the community (although Menas at Alexandria was noted for his charity). It is perhaps membership in a student group of this first kind which is indicated by the soubriquet of the Christian philosopher at Alexandria in the sixth century, John Philoponus. The groups described by Zacharias were made up of monophysites; and it may be relevant to recall that in the sixth century Caria was the focus of a major campaign against paganism conducted by the monophysite John of Ephesus (see VI.38). It also seems clear that Aphrodisias was an educational centre at least until the late fifth century(see V.5); and what we know of higher education at more famous centres, such as Athens and Alexandria, makes it unlikely that the students would have been exclusively pagan. The fact that Lucas, in this inscription, has his 'place' near the Temple-Church suggests that he was a member of a recognized and formally-organized group of philoponoi; but whether these were engaged only in charitable duties, or undertook some of the more energetic and aggressive operations which we learn of from Zacharias, must remain open to question.
XI.10 Of the place inscriptions from the two bath complexes excavated at Aphrodisias, the two which describe professions, 190 and 191, are both appropriately placed. 190, from the Hadrianic Baths, is the inscription of Epictetus, a capsarius, the Latin term for the attendant who, for a fee, looked after clothes and other possessions deposited with him by those using the baths (thus defined in the Digest; capsarii qui mercede servanda in balineis vestimenta suscipiunt, I.15.5); the appropriate rate for this service is set in Diocletian's Price Edict (7. 5). These texts were cited by Reinach in commenting on another inscription from the Hadrianic Baths, which warns clients that they are responsible for any losses of money not deposited in the cloakroom. 17 The occupation was, therefore, necessary at all periods of the baths' use. The striking script of Epictetus' inscription suggests that it is semi-official; it is to be assumed that the erased lines above had given the name of his predecessor. The text is probably to be dated to the fourth or fifth centuries. Other late Roman capsarii are mentioned in inscriptions at Rome and Tyre. 18 The other topos inscription from the Hadrianic Baths, 234, simply gives a name, Synodius.
XI.11 191, 192 and 193 were all found in the 'Kaisersaal' of the Theatre Baths, excavated in 1983; this area, originally a large hall, appears to have been opened to connect with the Tetrastoon to the north of it, probably at the time of the restoration of the Tetrastoon in the early 360s. Subsequently, shops were built into the colonnades which flanked it on east and west, and the inscriptions here should presumably be associated with that development. Theodore (192) and Aelianus (193) do not mention their trade, but Alexander the barber (191) would have been well placed near the baths. He appears to have begun by cutting his name in the nominative, but then switched to the genitive of his profession when he decided to add τόπος. 194 was cut on the side of a statue base erected in front of the Baths and excavated in this area; it therefore probably stood somewhere near the Theatre baths. The text was not easy to read in its former position and in ALA I suggested, very tentatively, θρηνῳδοῦ. The block is now fully visible, and the new readings make my earlier suggestion appear even less likely. Denis Feissel suggests that this is for θερμοπολ— a seller of hot food — a term attested at Corycus; 19 the preceding letters remain difficult.
XI.12 The portico east of the Theatre Baths, where 191, 192, and 193 were cut, was opened in the late Roman period to join the Tetrastoon, where 195, 196 and 197 were found. It is certain that many of the columns of the Tetrastoon were re-used (some can be identified as coming from the Hadrianic Baths), and it is possible that these inscriptions belong to an earlier phase of their use. This is perhaps also suggested by the fact that 196 and 197 are cut on the inner side of the column — that is, facing into the colonnade rather than out into the centre of the Tetrastoon, although this may be the consequence of their modern restoration. But their presence here would be consistent with a development of the Tetrastoon for commercial purposes similar to that of the Theatre Baths portico in the late Roman period.
XI.13 On the other hand, there is nothing clearly commercial about any of these texts. Heortasius (195) has a name which, although not exclusively Jewish, appears several times in the major Jewish text at Aphrodisias. 20 His epithet dirty rogue is apparently derogatory, but is perhaps no more than a nickname, as in a place inscription in the gymnasium at Priene. 21 I have found no published parallel for place inscriptions reserving a place for people from another city, as in 194, 195 — in this case from Phrygian Hierapolis. It is possible that they were either traders from Hierapolis, who regularly did business at Aphrodisias, or representatives of the city, who had this place reserved for them at a public meeting. The provincial assembly will have met at Aphrodisias (see II.37), and the presence of painted acclamations in the Tetrastoon (75) suggests that public meetings may have been held there. In that case, the position of these texts on the inner side of the columns presents less of a problem: their purpose would be not as an advertisement, but simply to reserve a place, as in the auditoria — thus in the Stadium seats were reserved for the people of Mastaura (PPA 45.4.O).
XI.14 Texts 198—206 are inscribed on columns of the North and South Agoras (see plan), which are smooth to half their height and fluted above. These inscriptions are, with the exceptions of 200 and 206, all cut on the smooth part of the columns, as are the acclamations in the South Agora in honour of Albinus (83 and 84) and two inscriptions in the North Agora which are probably building inscriptions rather than place inscriptions (29 and 30). The texts for Albinus were cut on the inner face of the columns, to be read by someone standing inside the portico; all the others were inscribed on the outer face of the columns, to be read from the central area of the Agoras, with the exception of 30 and 198, cut on the sides of the columns. The North Agora has only been very partially excavated; the majority of these inscriptions are found in the South Agora.
XI.15 It is clear from the number of these texts that, as might be expected, the Agora was a preferred area for people to establish a 'place'. These inscriptions probably form only a small proportion of the place texts which may have been put up in a more fragile medium. 198, 201, 203 and 204 might be earlier than our period, but the majority are clearly Christian. Some are extremely uninformative, and can only be assumed to be 'place' inscriptions. In 199, 203 and 204 the abbreviations are not obvious; 204 is resolved only by the adjacent 202, and I have therefore included 203 and 204 as place inscriptions. Presumably such signs were adequate for their purpose. Eugraphius (201.i) is a phylarch, the presiding official of a phyle or tribe. 22 This text could easily be earlier than our period. John (205) has the epithet ἐλλογιμώτατος, which is commonly used of scholastici in the fifth and sixth centuries (see IV.22). Zoticus in 206 is probably a trader in a variety of retail goods — just the kind of small-scale, perhaps itinerant, trader that we might expect to locate his stall in the centre of the city.
XI.16 Reinach and Grégoire. with no clear idea of where 207 had been found, assumed that it was a funerary text. In fact, it is inscribed on a column base of the Tetrapylon, only a little way below eye-level in a public area, and seems far more likely to be a place inscription. The name Heptamenius is also found on a seat in the Theatre. 23 Although the resolution of the line end is not certain, and ΓΑΜ might be the first letters of another man's name, it is quite possible that this place of business was manned either by Heptamenius or, in his absence, his wife. In its present position the text faces inwards, towards a closely adjacent column; it seems likely that this was not its original position, and that it therefore pre-dates the re-ordering of the Tetrapylon in the late fourth century. The word μυδροστασία in 208 is not otherwise attested, but the sense seems to be place of the anvil? μύδρος) and so forge. This stone was found re-used, so it is unfortunately impossible to determine what area was so demarcated.
XI.17 Texts 209, 210 and 211 are all on blocks re-used in the city walls; it is therefore very difficult to draw reliable conclusions about their function. Although they may have been cut on the wall itself (which might indicate that at some period a market had been held there), it is perhaps more likely that they were cut when the stones were in another position, in which case nothing can safely be deduced; 209 might even be funerary. In this text it seems easier to take Φιλοθε as from Φιλοθέου with the majority of editors, rather than from Φιλοθέων, as suggested by Waddington. The name Philotheus suggests that this text is probably, though by no means certainly, Christian.
XI.18 Texts 212.i-vi were published in ALA; text 212.vii is clearly another from the same group. All these texts are cut, carefully and prominently, in the centre of the seat on seven stone 'benches'. Although the original position of the benches is uncertain, it is likely that they stood in the Tetrastoon behind the Theatre. They are perhaps the same as the sedilia?mentioned as an ornament of their forum by the people of Orcistus. 24 Their date is also uncertain; they must have been in use before the early seventh century, when the Theatre defence wall was built, but it is difficult to say how much earlier; the script, and above all the abbreviation marks suggest to me a date in the fourth or fifth centuries, or later. The inscriptions themselves appear to be abbreviations, either of names — Theodore (vel sim), Eutyches and Heraclius, or similar forms — or of terms formed from those names. The fact that Herac(—) appears four times and Theod(—) twice suggests to me that these are probably not individuals, but groups named after individuals, such as the Pytheanitae of 59. If so, these are perhaps seats set aside for an association to sit together in a public place; this would provide an interesting extension of the arrangements (noted above, in Section X, and discussed at length in PPA) for associations of various kinds to sit together in theatres and other auditoria. But this must remain largely speculation.
XI.19 Text 213 is also from the area of the Tetrastoon; it was scratched on the plaster cover in a recess in the east wall of the Theatre. The recess seems likely to have been plastered at the time of the remodelling of this side of the Theatre, when the Tetrastoon was built in the mid fourth century; it was subsequently sealed off when the defence wall was built across the east side of the Theatre in (?) the early seventh century. This is apparently a list of commodities; against each entry is a figure expressed in myriads. In the late Roman period, large sums were often so expressed, a usage apparently most common in the fourth century. 25 It is clear, however, that a myriad was calculated on differing currency bases at different times and places; some prices cited in myriads are only possible if we assume a very debased base unit, and are, therefore, not necessarily enormous. The problem here is that the quantities of the commodities are not given against the sums listed; since it was apparently unnecessary to do so, this seems to be a listing of money either available for purchase of various substances, or which had been spent. The items listed all seem to be common foodstuffs, except for the second, if it has been correctly restored as storax, the Latin spelling of the Greek styrax, a fragrant gum. 26 As this is only a rough, private graffito, it was perhaps someone's brief calculation of money spent on a range of commodities. It is of course tempting to associate this with the evidence (XI.4) for the increasing use of public spaces by traders, and to see this as the jotting of a stall-holder.
XI.20 214 and 215 are both inscribed on storage jars. Several large marble storage jars have been found during the excavations, chiefly in late Roman contexts; some are without inscriptions, two have crosses on them, and two, presented here, are inscribed. Both are difficult to interpret. 215 simply gives what is apparently a number, 430 (probably the quantity of the contents) as a unit of either weight or volume. 214, although longer, is more obscure. Πολυχρονίου must be the genitive of the name of the owner, Polychronius, who apparently describes himself as a boxer, πύκτης. It seems probable that such jars were regularly used to store some particular commodity — perhaps flour, or a dried pulse — which it was not necessary to describe. 215 gives the quantity of the jar's contents; 214 gives the price, two and a third nomismata.
XI.21 In 214 Polychronius is apparently described as a boxer, although that presumably has nothing to do with his ownership of the jar; it is used as an identifier, in the manner of the professions on the tombstones at Corycus, and as in the Jewish inscription at Aphrodisias two members of the community are perhaps described as πύκτης and ἀθλητής. 27 Athletic performances continued to be offered as an entertainment in the late Roman period; for example athletes, designated as ξύστος, are attested as appearing between chariot-races at Oxyrhynchus (P.Oxy. 2707). Choricius, writing in the sixth century, and perhaps with some deliberate archaizing, refers to boxers, athletes, runners, and pancratiasts. 28 On a visit to Constantinople in the reign of Maurice St Theodore of Syceon healed a wrestler (λουκτάτωρ), presumably a professional; this is apparently the only attested use of the term λουκτάτωρ. 29 All this is evidence not for the continuation of athletic contests in their earlier form, attracting members of the civic elite, but for demonstrations of athletic skills as a form of entertainment, with at least sufficient frequency for Polychronius to consider boxing as his characteristic occupation.
XI.22 Although very little can be made of text 216, the shape of the stone, together with what appears to be a reference to λάπη, filth in 1. 2 suggests that the fragments are from the cover of a drain. I know of no parallel, but, given the obscurity of this text, it is entirely likely that similar texts may have survived without being recognized.
XI.24 The completed gameboard in 217 and the outline of the incomplete one, are both for the 'mill game', played on a board of three concentric squares; such boards are found fairly frequently at Aphrodisias and elsewhere — see discussion at V.44. The game here was clearly to be played by people sitting on the steps of the Temple-Church precinct. It is not clear whether the names are those of one person or several. 30 ALA 218 was a series of graffiti from the stage building of the Bouleuterion/Odeon; it has since been republished, more fully, as PPA 11, and is not repeated here.
XI.25 The two columns bearing texts 219.i and ii seem both to have come from the same structure, and text i is certainly Christian; the cross monogram cannot be earlier than the sixth century (see Introduction.11). Text ii is reminiscent of many Christian texts: inscriptions at the entrance to churches frequently take the form this is the entrance, αὕτη ἡ εἴσοδος. 31 But while there are various standard formulae for such texts, which are frequently based on Psalm 118.20, I have been unable to recognize any of them here. It is possible that the text in fact comes, not from the entrance to a church, but from a secular building, and conveyed a completely secular message — This is the way into the . . ..
XI.26 Text 220 is of interest as being one of the very few fragments in Latin from the site (see II.16). While it is difficult to assess any of the Latin texts from Aphrodisias, because there are so few, the script of this fragment does resemble that of the Latin texts of our period, above all, the Diocletianic edicts, and also 8 and 79. It seems likely to be a fragment from a regulation of some kind.
XI.27 Texts 221, 222, 223, 224 and 225 are all on fragments which apparently come from large dishes or tables; 221 was inscribed in a central area, 222—5 on rims. These fragments are probably from the liturgical furniture of churches at Aphrodisias. but I have not been able to make enough sense of any of them to allow a certain conclusion. Two —221 and 223 mention numbers. 221 could come from any kind of text — even verse. 223 appears to contain numerals, making, 790 or 79-. The simplest explanation is probably that this is an isopsephistic number: that is a number which represents the total reached by adding up the letters (taken as numbers) in a particular word. 32 If we could unravel the number, we would presumably get a function, which is preceded here by ἀρχι—, chief x. 222 and perhaps 224 include genitives — perhaps donors' names in the genitive; 225 is too small to be interpreted.
XI.28 The scale of texts 228, 229, 232 suggests public inscriptions; but I cannot determine any phrases. I have omitted other fragments in which no words can be determined.
1. See the examples at PPA 45, 46 and 47.
2. L. Robert, Hellenica 13, 193.
3. See PPA 45, 46 and 47.
4. Milet VI.1, 208 ff. with p. 202.
5. L. Robert, JSav (1971), and the examples cited there.
7. See Claude, Byz. Stadt, 52 ff., and E. Patlagean, Pauvreté économique et pauvreté sociale à Byzance (Paris, 1977), 59-61, 233 ff. for summaries of the evidence.
9. For such privileges in the fifth and sixth centuries, see G. Dagron, DOP 31 (1977), 11-19.
11. Zacharias 12; cf. the Life of Severus by John of Beit-Aphthonia, PO 2. 3, 214.
12. L. Robert, OMS I, 636, for a group of ephebes described as philoponoi.
14. So D. Feissel, on I.Macéd. 19. 2, no. 93.
15. see N. Bees, Inscriptiones Graecae Christianae Veteres et Byzantinae I (Athens, 1941), and commentary and for the name in Caria, BE 1964.464.
16. Sardis: Sardis VI.1.167; Corycus: MAMA 3, 406, 597.
17. Reinach 17, of the second or third century; another copy of this text in a simpler hand has since been found.
18. Rome: CIL vi, 9232; IGUR iii. 8480; Tyre: J.-P. Rey-Coquais, Nécropole de Tyr, no. 151 bis.
19. MAMA 3, 165, 719.
21. I.Priene 313.72l, with L. Robert, Noms indigènes, 301.
22. For tribes see IX.10; for the name, not otherwise attested at Aphrodisias, see MAMA 6, 188, and references there.
24. MAMA 7, 305.i.28, with the analysis by A. Chastagnol, MelRom 93 (1981), 381-416, collecting the few other known examples of such seating, 404-6.
26. S. Lauffer, Diokletians Preisedikt (Berlin, 1971) 285; P.Oxy. LIV, 3766. 87-8 note.
30. see H. J. R. Murray, A History of Board-Games (London, 1952), 37 ff. and, for a fuller discussion of this and other such texts, Roueché (forthcoming).
31. For a good selection of examples, see IGLS index s.v. εἴσοδος.
32. See Avi-Yonah, Abbreviations, 42, and references there.


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MAP: Ep 15 - Pillars of the Earth "Redemption"
We are continuing the trip through Pillars of the Earth. This week we recap/review episode three “Redemption” of the Starz Original series The Pillars of the Earth. Set in the the 12th century The Pillars of the Earth tells the story of King Stephen’s reign over England and the 19 year period of Anarchy.
Aliena protests her father’s imprisonment. Prior Philip and William find themselves in a standoff over access to stone in the Shiring quarry. Waleran and Regan plot to have the cathedral moved from Kingsbridge to Shiring. Jack’s artistic talents take hold as he begins to carve a statue to honour the cathedral relic. King Stephen visits the cathedral worksite but collapses in a fit of terror. Aliena starts a fleece business to help earn money for Richard’s expenses as a knight. William is concerned that he’ll burn in hell for his many sins.

industry_corpus2: Film & Entertainment


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OzzFest has been rolling for a week sans its namesake and headlining band, Black Sabbath, but now a date has been delayed until Ozzy Osbourne gets healthy.
The OzzFest mega metal concert scheduled for Sunday in Somerset, Wis., will go on instead Sept. 10, it was announced Thursday night.
Black Sabbath has missed four shows due to Osbourne's illness -- with Iron Maiden stepping in as the mainstage headliners each night.
However, Minneapolis OzzFest promoter Randy Levy told Friday's Minneapolis Star Tribune, "You can't do OzzFest without Ozzy."
Although what exactly ails the granddaddy of metal has not been revealed, media reports in recent days have cited acid reflux, respiratory problems and vocal problems.


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The Assad regime forces shelled several villages and towns in rural Hama, rural Aleppo, and Idlib with heavy artillery, rockets, and machine guns, causing civilian casualties and damage to civilian property.
The Assad regime forces hit a car carrying a number of civilians near the town of Al-Habit in southern rural Idlib with an ATG missile, injuring a number of passengers.
The Assad regime forces also pounded the town of Hayyan in northern rural Aleppo with heavy artillery. They also shelled the town of Tal Misisbeen with rockets, without reports of casualties.
In northwestern rural Hama, meanwhile, the Assad regime forces fired a barrage of rockets on civilian homes in the village of al-Jaysat.
The towns of Jarjanaz, Al-Tih, Tamana’a, Al-Khawain, Tahtaya, Heish, Sahyan and the outskirts of Khan Shaykhoun in rural Idlib came under heavy rocket and artillery shelling.

industry_corpus2: Politics & Administration


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K. Dot is taking a stand.
Kendrick Lamar is reportedly set to ban the use of mobile phones at his concerts.
The ‘HUMBLE’ rapper is now among the rising number of artists who are putting an end to fans using their phones at gigs.
According to The Guardian, Kendrick Lamar is not allowing any professional photographers outside of his own team to take pictures at his concerts.
The Grammy Award-winning rapper, who is currently touring Europe alongside James Blake, joins a lengthy list of artists with similar policies including Alicia Keys, Jacks White, Guns N’ Roses and more.
Using new technology such as Yondr, fans now have the ability to put their mobile phones in a lockable pouch, that only unlocks after they leave designated ‘no-mobile-phone’ areas.
It's not currently known when Kendrick Lamar plans to officially ban phones from his gigs.
Meanwhile, Kendrick Lamar recently released new LP ‘Black Panther: The Album’, a soundtrack he curated alongside his record TDE as part of the critically-acclaimed Marvel movie.


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With all the rumors about an Office reboot happening you would think Steve Carell hosting Saturday Night Live would be the perfect place to address the rumors and Carell FINALLY did during his opening monologue!
During the monologue, Carell had audience members ask him any question they wanted to and it turned out that the only thing people cared about was if Carell's iconic character, Michael Scott, would be making a return!
Not only did Kenan and a random audience member ask about it, but Carell's former cast-mates Ellie Kemper, Ed Helms, and Jenna Fischer were there as well!
Check out Steve Carell's response below and maybe get ready for an Office reboot?


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"Every engine that we could put on the fire is on the fire right now, and more are coming", he said. By Thursday afternoon, the fire was growing at the rate of about one football field every three seconds, assisted by dry conditions and wind gusts of up to 65 miles per hour.
The sheriff confirmed reports that evacuees had to abandon their vehicles. It's very surreal. Things always work out, but the unknown is a little scary.
The town of Chico, population 93,000, was potentially threatened as 35-mile-per hour (56 kph) winds drove the blaze westward, he added. "It's really dry and we have low humidity - and unfortunately those are great conditions for a fire to spread".
Video footage taken by ABC Redding affiliate KRCR showed the hospital surrounded by thick smoke as the fire illuminated the darkened sky in the background. She said a group of 20 other patients were initially evacuated but then returned to the facility because of gridlocked traffic.

industry_corpus2: Health & Medicine


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We use AAF for two reasons: first, we don't have a real time shared storage like Nexis; second, we archive projects in AAF format for later reuse and modification, and store those files in a archive storage. This project is several years old. My coleague retrieved the AAF file from the archive, but was unable to import it.
[quote user="Adman"] Please let us know how it worked out... others might benefit by knowing, fwiw. [/quote] I will be glad to, Robert. Next week, I should have something useful to share with the community.
[quote user="Marianna"] Miguel Back at you... Only a post or email away if you need me marianna [/quote] Thank you Marianna for being so reachable. I already added you to my contacts, to be more at hand.
Thanks for the prompt answer, as always, Marianna. I'm going to install it right away. Have a nice weekend.

industry_corpus2: Computing & Telecommunications


text:
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industry_corpus2: Media & Journalism


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This paper deals with a numerical investigation on natural convection heat transfer in a long horizontal annular region formed with a heated inner cylinder and a cooled outer cylinder. Identifying the annular region geometrically by its radius ratio, it is divided into two subregions: a thicker outer subregion is filled with a porous material saturated by air, whereas a thinner inner subregion is clear. Based on the general Darcy–Brinkman–Forchheimer model for flow in porous media, numerical calculations with the control volume method produce the velocity and temperature fields of the air motion in the two subregions. The baseline case corresponds to an annular region of same dimensions, but filled completely with a porous material saturated by air. Upon articulating the physical properties of a porous material with the clear gap size, the analyst will be able to tune those conditions that are conducive to heat transfer reduction across the concentric two-cylinder configuration. The outcome of this paper is equivalent to the determination of superior thermal insulation performance using lesser porous material. In other words, this paper boils down to beneficial energy conservation together with money savings in the purchase of the thermal insulation.
Caltagirone, J. P., 1976, “Thermoconvective Instabilities in a Porous Medium Bounded by Two Concentric Horizontal Cylinders,” J. Fluid Mech. [CrossRef], 76 , pp. 337–362.
Caltagirone, J. P., 1976, “Instabilités Themoconvectives en Milieux Poreux,” These de Doctorat d'Etat , Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris VI, France.
Charrier-Mojtabi, M. C., Mojtabi, A., Azalez, M., and Larosse, G., 1991, “Numerical and Experimental Study of Multicellular Free Convection Flows in an Annular Porous Layer,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 34 , pp. 3061–3074.
Barbosa Mota, J. P., and Saatdjian, E., 1994, “Natural Convection in a Porous Horizontal Cylindrical Annulus,” ASME J. Heat Transfer [CrossRef], 116 , pp. 621–626.
Barbosa Mota, J. P., and Saatdjian, E., 1995, “Natural Convection in Porous Cylindrical Annuli,” Int. J. Numer. Methods Heat Fluid Flow, 5 , pp. 3–12.
Himasekhar, K., and Bau, H. H., 1988, “Two-Dimensional Bifurcation Phenomena in Thermal Convection in Horizontal Concentric Annuli Containing Saturated Porous Media,” J. Fluid Mech. [CrossRef], 187 , pp. 267–300.
Charrier-Mojtabi, M. C., 1997, “Numerical Simulation of Two- and Three-Dimensional Free Convection Flows in Horizontal Porous Annulus Using a Pressure and Temperature Formulation,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 40 , pp. 1521–1533.
Vafai, K., and Tien, C. L., 1981, “Boundary and Inertia Effects on Convective Heat Transfer in Porous Media,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 34 , pp. 195–203.
Kaviany, M., 1986, “Non-Darcian Effects on Natural Convection in Porous Media Confined Between Horizontal Cylinders,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 29 , pp. 1513–1519.
Grigull, U., and Hauf, W., 1986, “Natural Convection in Horizontal Cylindrical Annuli,” "Proceedings of the 3rd International Heat Transfer Conference", Vol. 2 , pp. 182–195.
Powe, R. E., Carley, C. T., and Bishop, E. H., 1969, “Free Convective Flow Patterns in Cylindrical Annuli,” ASME J. Heat Transfer, 91 , pp. 310–314.
Powe, R. E., Carley, C. T., and Carruth, S. L., 1971, “A Numerical Solution for Natural Convection in Cylindrical Annuli,” ASME J. Heat Transfer, 93 , pp. 210–220.
Kuehn, T., and Goldstein, R., 1976, “An Experimental and Theoretical Study of Natural Convection in the Annulus Between Horizontal Concentric Cylinders,” J. Fluid Mech., 4 , pp. 695–719.
Kuehn, T. H., and Goldstein, R. J., 1976, “Correlating Equations for Natural Convection Heat Transfer Between Horizontal Circular Cylinders,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer [CrossRef], 19 , pp. 1127–1134.
Fant, D. B., Rothmayer, A., and Prusa, J., 1989, “Natural Convective Flow Instability Between Horizontal Concentric Cylinders,” "Numerical Methods for Laminar and Turbulent Flow", Vol. 6 , C.Taylor, ed., Pineridge, Swansea, England, pp. 1045–1065.
Kim, C. J., and Ro, S. T., 1994, “Numerical Investigation on Bifurcative Natural Convection in an Air-Filled Horizontal Annulus,” "Proceedings of the 10th International Heat Transfer Conference", Vol. 7 , Brighton, England, G.F.Hewitt, ed., pp. 85–90.
Yoo, J. S., 1998, “Natural Convection in Narrow Horizontal Cylindrical Annulus: Pr≤0.3,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer [CrossRef], 41 , pp. 3055–3073.
Kuehn, T. H., and Goldstein, R. J., 1978, “An Experimental Study of Natural Convection Heat Transfer in Concentric and Eccentric Horizontal Cylindrical Annuli,” ASME J. Heat Transfer, 100 , pp. 635–640.
McLeod, A. E., and Bishop, E. H., 1989, “Turbulent Natural Convection of Gases in Horizontal Cylindrical Annuli at Cryogenic Temperatures,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer [CrossRef], 32 , pp. 1967–1978.
Desai, C. P., and Vafai, K., 1994, “An Investigation and Comparative Analysis of Two- and Three-Dimensional Turbulent Natural Convection in a Horizontal Annulus,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer [CrossRef], 37 , pp. 2475–2504.
Char, M., and Hsu, Y. H., 1998, “Comparative Analysis of Linear and Nonlinear Low-Reynolds-Number Eddy Viscosity Models to Turbulent Natural Convection in Horizontal Cylindrical Annuli,” Numer. Heat Transfer, Part A, 33 , pp. 191–206.
Aldoss, T. K., Alkam, M., and Shatarah, M., 2004, “Natural Convection From a Horizontal Annulus Partially Filled With a Porous Medium,” Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transfer, 31 , pp. 441–452.
Leong, J. C., and Lai, F. C., 2006, “Natural Convection in a Concentric Annulus With a Porous Sleeve,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 49 , pp. 3016–3027.
Hewitt, G. F., Shires, G. L., and Bott, T. R., 1994, "Process Heat Transfer", Begell House, New York.
Nield, D. A., and Bejan, A., 2006, "Convection in Porous Media", 3rd ed., Springer, Berlin, Germany.
Patankar, S. V., 1980, "Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow", McGraw-Hill, New York/Hemisphere, Washington, DC.
Ait saada MM, Chikh SS, Campo AA. Natural Convection Reduction in a Composite Air/Porous Annular Region With Horizontal Orientation. ASME. J. Heat Transfer. 2008;131(2):022601-022601-8. doi:10.1115/1.2993544.

industry_corpus2: Technology & Research


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People with a common form of hearing loss not helped by hearing aids achieved significant and sometimes profound improvements in their hearing and understanding of speech with hybrid cochlear implant devices, according to a new multicenter study led by specialists at NYU Langone Medical Center.
In the study, described online ahead of print in the journal The Laryngoscope July 7, researchers at 10 medical centers and private clinics in the United States implanted hybrid cochlear implants into one ear of 50 men and women. All study volunteers had badly damaged high-frequency, inner-ear hair cells, which prevented them from understanding speech, especially in the presence of background noise. All still had sufficient low-frequency hearing, which allowed them to tell apart some sounds and forestalled any use of a regular cochlear implant.
A year after receiving the device, 45 study participants showed overall improvement in their hearing and speech recognition, and no one's hearing and speech recognition got worse.
"Our study offers early evidence that potentially millions more people with high-frequency hearing loss, who cannot benefit from a hearing aid, could instead possibly benefit from a hybrid cochlear implant," says lead study investigator J. Thomas Roland, MD, the Mendik Foundation Chairman of the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at NYU Langone. Roland, who also serves as co-director of NYU Langone's cochlear implant program, has nearly 30 years of experience in research and caring for people with the devices, which were first approved for use in the United States in 1984, and he has installed many hybrid implants, which were approved for adults by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2014.
The hybrid implant differs from the traditional device in that it has a shorter electrode (less than 2 centimeters long) that does not have to be inserted as deeply into the spiral-shaped sensory structure (the cochlea) in the inner ear. When placed correctly, the technique preserves more residual, natural, low-frequency hearing and augments high-frequency hearing with electrical stimulation.
The National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders estimates that some 26 million American adults between the ages of 20 and 69 suffer from some loss of high-frequency hearing, which makes speech recognition especially difficult.
According to Roland, the loss of high-frequency hearing had left all study participants "in a difficult spot." Many were failing at work and in social environments because of their inability to hear and understand speech.
Roland says hearing aids were not an option for them because the sound-amplifying tools cannot sufficiently raise high-frequency sounds to improve understanding of speech, especially when there is any kind of background noise.
Among the study participants, 15 with total loss of high-frequency hearing and moderate loss of low-frequency hearing saw improvements in standard tests of their ability to understand set phrases and sentences read back to them. Their scores for correctly identifying spoken words and phrases rose from a baseline average of 21 percent before implantation to 67 percent a year after implantation and activation of their device.
For 14 other study participants with severe or total loss of their residual low-frequency hearing, test scores for correctly identifying certain spoken words and phrases improved from 12 percent to 54 percent, and from 14 percent to 35 percent, respectively. Study participants' hearing was assessed every few months.
Researchers' report that adverse events with the device, which typically costs about $30,000 and involves an operation lasting less than an hour to install, were relatively rare and consisted primarily of mild postoperative dizziness that quickly went away, and ringing sounds in the ear that also subsided after device activation.
Funding support for the nearly four-year-long study was provided by Cochlear Americas of Centennial, Colo., the manufacturer of the Cochlear Nucleus Hybrid implant device used in the study. Roland has served on advisory boards to both Cochlear Americas and Advanced Bionics of Valencia, Calif., another cochlear implant manufacturer. Besides Roland, other researchers involved in this study were Bruce Gantz, MD, at the University of Iowa in Iowa City; Susan Waltzman, PhD, also of NYU Langone; and Aaron Parkinson, PhD, at the University of Washington in Seattle.
Other study sites included the Center for Hearing & Balance in Chesterfield, Mo.; Hearts for Hearing in Oklahoma City; Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn.; Midwest Ear Institute in Kansas City, Mo.; Northwestern University in Chicago; Ohio State University in Columbus; Rocky Mountain Ear Center in Englewood, Colo.; and the University of Cincinnati in Ohio.
NYU Langone Medical Center / New York Un. "Early evidence suggests hybrid cochlear implants may benefit millions with common form of hearing loss ." Medical News Today. MediLexicon, Intl., 29 Jul. 2015. Web.


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The best small town in Northern Michigan!
Come visit our beautiful downtown.
The Village of Central Lake has a president, a clerk/treasurer, and six council members. These individuals were chosen by the community to represent The Village of Central Lake because of their knowledge and dedication. They hold monthly meetings at the Governmental Center to discuss a wide array of issues.
The law enforcement officers of The Village of Central Lake are not only officers but community members. They have families in Central Lake and are dedicated to the health, safety and over all well-being of the community they serve.

industry_corpus2: Travel & Geography


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The fishing resort Holmfoss is located in the mid part of the river Numeslagen just underneath the waterfall Holmfoss. Holmfoss is a waterfall split in two three different falls. The main fall is located on the east side of the river. Its great fishing with worms in all weather and water conditions. Underneath the waterfall the river opens up like a small lake created by the current. In this current you have great fishing from the riverbank as well as from riverboats. In the continuation the river calms down and you have several good spots for fly-fishing.
This small lake underneath the waterfall is wide and deep and provides for the best mating place in the entire river. The resort is divided up in three different sectors.
Near Holmfoss there are many beautiful natural lakes, where fishing for pike, pike-perch, perch, trout and sea trout is possible.
The beautiful beaches are located on both lakes and the sea. At the sea you fishing for cod, sea trout etc. It's no more than 5 to 15 minutes drive to these places.
Additionally Larvik Golf Course gives you a warm welcome to one of the country's finest golf facilities. When you visit the lodge in winter, it's a short distance to the slopes for skiing and trails for cross country skiing. Obviously skating on the countless lakes is a must.
Should you wish to visit a cosy harbortown after salmon fishing then Larvik is the place to be.
Larvik is about 20 minutes by car and easily accessible from Holmfoss.
The city has a historic center and very good restaurants where you can enjoy traditional Norwegian dishes.

industry_corpus2: Agriculture & Fisheries


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Radiance Flower Applique 0.10ct Dress Ring in Sterling Silver added to your bag.
Step out in style with this modern take of a vintage design. Crafted in luxury Sterling Silver - this diamond dress ring will make you shine.

industry_corpus2: Manufacturing


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N 46° 36' 37" and E 13° 51' 20"
Villach in Villach Stadt (Kärnten) with it's 58,882 citizens is a city in Austria about 161 mi (or 260 km) south-west of Vienna, the country's capital city.
Local time in Villach is now 05:40 PM (Friday). The local timezone is named Europe / Vienna with an UTC offset of 2 hours. We know of 12 airports in the vicinity of Villach, of which 5 are larger airports. The closest airport in Austria is Klagenfurt Airport in a distance of 23 mi (or 37 km), East. Besides the airports, there are other travel options available (check left side).
There are several Unesco world heritage sites nearby. The closest heritage site is Longobards in Italy. Places of the Power (568-774 A.D.) in Italy at a distance of 41 mi (or 66 km). The closest in Austria is Hallstatt-Dachstein / Salzkammergut Cultural Landscape in a distance of 66 mi (or 66 km), South-West. We discovered 1 points of interest in the vicinity of this place. Looking for a place to stay? we compiled a list of available hotels close to the map centre further down the page.
When in this area, you might want to pay a visit to some of the following locations: Illitsch, Wernberg, Finkenstein am Faaker See, Arriach and Ossiach. To further explore this place, just scroll down and browse the available info. Let's start with some photos from the area.
Bei Herrlichen Wetter kammen ca. 40000 Besucher zum Narrenumzug nach Villach.
Ein paar Skateboarder genießen das Regenwetter in Villach im Industriegebiet und vertreiben sich die Zeit mit Bier, Ollies und Hippie Jumps.
Located at 46.6064, 13.8872 (Lat. / Lng.), about 2 miles away.
Located at 46.6783, 13.9067 (Lat. / Lng.), about 5 miles away.
Located at 46.6769, 13.9825 (Lat. / Lng.), about 8 miles away.
Located at 46.6139, 13.8314 (Lat. / Lng.), about 1 miles away.
Bezirk Villach-Land is a district of the state of Carinthia in Austria.
Located at 46.624, 13.724 (Lat. / Lng.), about 6 miles away.
Located at 46.5778, 13.925 (Lat. / Lng.), about 4 miles away.
Srednji Vrh is a settlement in the Municipality of Kranjska Gora in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.
Located at 46.4903, 13.8367 (Lat. / Lng.), about 8 miles away.
The Liznjek Farm is an ethnographic museum housed in a renovated 18th-century farmhouse, located in the centre of the town of Kranjska Gora, Slovenia, at the street address 63 Borovška cesta. It is administered by the Upper Sava Museum, based in nearby Jesenice. The farm presents the living conditions of a wealthy peasant family of the mid-19th century.
Located at 46.4854, 13.7877 (Lat. / Lng.), about 9 miles away.
Located at 46.5219, 13.8808 (Lat. / Lng.), about 6 miles away.
Located at 46.5067, 13.9489 (Lat. / Lng.), about 8 miles away.
Located at 46.5033, 13.8911 (Lat. / Lng.), about 8 miles away.
Located at 46.4964, 13.885 (Lat. / Lng.), about 8 miles away.
Located at 46.5702, 13.8121 (Lat. / Lng.), about 3 miles away.
Located at 46.5466, 13.9031 (Lat. / Lng.), about 5 miles away.
Located at 46.6381, 13.9956 (Lat. / Lng.), about 7 miles away.
Located at 46.6424, 13.8969 (Lat. / Lng.), about 3 miles away.
Located at 46.626, 13.986 (Lat. / Lng.), about 6 miles away.
Located at 46.6183, 13.8483 (Lat. / Lng.), about 1 miles away.
Located at 46.5561, 13.9445 (Lat. / Lng.), about 6 miles away.
Located at 46.6175, 13.8928 (Lat. / Lng.), about 2 miles away.
Located at 46.6333, 13.86 (Lat. / Lng.), about 2 miles away.
Located at 46.6079, 13.8531 (Lat. / Lng.), about 0 miles away.
These districts belong to Villach.
These are districts that are close by, but belong to a different city than Villach.
These are some bigger and more relevant cities in the wider vivinity of Villach.


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Large betting limits compared to other sportsbooks servicing U.S. players.
Huge list of sports and markets.
Sportsbook is still relatively new.
Nitrogen Sports is one of the gems in the growing market of Bitcoin sportsbooks. The cryptocurrency’s adoption has spawned a number of online gambling sites, including casinos, poker rooms, and online sportsbooks. Nitrogen touches all these bases, offering players a full-service sportsbook, poker room and Vegas style online casino.
Some bitcoin sportsbooks have much of their ownership details clouded or nonexistent. To be fair, however, much of the fiat-based offshore sportsbooks are hidden through shell corporations and their true ownership is hard to nail down.
Though, in the case of Nitrogen, thankfully, their location and ownership details are readily available. They have operated from San Pedro, Costa Rica since they originally opened their doors in 2012. All of their servers and customer service staff are located in the country, but their marketing team and corporate offices are based in Canada. Their parent company is Ideal Media Inc, which is also based and registered in Costa Rica.
Nitrogen is the king of the bitcoin sports betting market and is easily the most trustworthy bitcoin-only online sportsbook. Their customer service staff is top notch, and the community surrounding the site is outstanding.
These guys are hands-on and are in touch with their customers, a factor that is readily apparent from the get go. It’s also an area where many sportsbooks fail tremendously. They’re also a welcomed addition to the reduced-juice list of sites Americans can use and offer some of the bets odds online for the vast majority of their markets.
The number of sports offered is also outstanding. They have odds on just about every sport and league on the planet. The number of betting options they offer may even dwarf 5Dimes, a shop that is renowned for their massive list of betting markets.
As with all sportsbooks that are just several years old, there is always going to be an element of risk. Nitrogen has always paid players and quickly, but the reality is that many sportsbooks under five years old fail. That’s just the nature of the market, the longer a sportsbook is around and pays their players, the more trustworthy they become.
That goes twofold for bitcoin sports betting markets. There’s a long list of positives that go along with bitcoin concerning a currency used for online gambling, but some drawbacks as well. So many sites have opened their doors and left the market in the time that Nitrogen opened their doors, and many of them ran off with funds, stiffing players.
There are also risks from hackers if a bitcoin sportsbook doesn’t have adequate security measures and stores their customer’s balances improperly. Nitrogen claims they store most of their funds offline, in cold wallets, but this has been claimed by other bitcoin sportsbooks as well, and it turned out not to be the case. We believe Nitrogen, but even sites have misled players before.
In February 2015, they did have a complaint filed with Sportsbook Review regarding the ruling on an NHL prop. Nitrogen rules stipulate that all NHL bets are for regulation time only and do not include overtime or penalty shootouts. These rules were not listed on the page where the player made the bet, but they were listed on their NHL rules page.
The player thought he pushed his wager, but the bet was instead graded as a loss. In response, Nitrogen agreed that their rules page could be hard to find and may have caused some confusion for the bettor and others who bet NHL markets.
Though they did not re-grade the wager, Nitrogen credited the player with $100 in bitcoins and has now added a link to their betting rules on every page. They handled the dispute in a matter of three days, which is much faster than most offshore sportsbooks move these days.
In our opinion, the resolution of this issue was excellent. They weren’t trying to scam or mislead players and the additional link on each page of their site makes it much easier for players to check over their betting rules before the placing a wager.
The above blurb on Nitrogen may seem like we have issues with them, but that’s not the reality. Security concerns and a lack of longevity in the market are issues for every bitcoin sportsbook. Nitrogen is the best bitcoin sportsbook in the market today concerning odds and markets and the most trustworthy.
We’re huge fans of them here at Safest Betting Sites, but we’re also straight shooters. There’s always going to be more risk with newer shops and the bitcoin betting market since opening has been susceptible to a lot of scams.
Like all bitcoin sportsbooks, there’s almost full anonymity when it comes to wagering. However, Nitrogen’s interface and sign up process is one of the best systems around. All bitcoin sportsbooks should adopt their sign up and login process.
If it’s your first time visiting Nitrogen, you’re automatically assigned an account number which is stored in a cookie in your browser. If you visit the site from your home machine, you’ll automatically be logged in under this account number.
They also offer a unique address for each account that can be used from other devices, including mobile devices that are tagged to each player’s account. The ability to log into your account, by simply putting in a customer address is something we haven’t seen from any other sportsbook online, including fiat-based sportsbooks.
If you’re fine with this level of security, you won’t have to create a username and password. However, for extra security and convenience, players can create a username and password that is tied to their account. This is probably better for those who desire a few more safeguards to their account, especially if they are holding a larger than normal balance.
Their software isn’t the flashiest available, but it’s sleek, user-friendly and most importantly is bug-free. Finding the markets you want to bet and placing a wager is painless. Players can choose from decimal and American odds format, amongst several other customizable options.
Nitrogen is one of the few sites that offers the same program for affiliates and players. It’s a unique program that isn’t based on total revenue or a cost per acquisition. In fact, it’s revenue independent.
Every time a player refers someone to Nitrogen Sports, they will receive a 0.3% of their total wager. This is regardless of the outcome of the bet. Players will be paid the commissions whether the bet wins or loses, and for the lifetime of their account. Commissions from the affiliate and refer-a-friend program will be paid directly into player accounts in Bitcoin.
Unlike many sportsbooks online, Nitrogen doesn’t offer a deposit bonus. To many this may seem like a major drawback, but as we discuss in our bonuses vs. reduced juice article, this isn’t normally the case.
An upfront bonus is certainly nice, and players should take advantage of these when available, but reduced juice markets are worth far more in the long run. There’s no comparison between the two. Even if you’re a small time player, reduced juice is worth far more in the long run. At Nitrogen, they offer reduced odds for nearly all their markets. For all major American based sports, all the bases are covered. They offer -105 pricing for NFL, NBA, and NHL sides and totals. For MLB, they provide true dime lines. Pricing starts at -107 for NCAA football and basketball totals.
Forget about the lack of a deposit bonus, Nitrogen’s prices are second to none in the bitcoin world, and they’re right up there against their fiat-based counterparts. Best of all, if you find a price on another site that is better, Nitrogen will match their competitors and offer you an improved price!
Nitrogen’s betting markets are vast. They not only offer every major sport in the world, including virtually all American and European-based sports, but leagues from around the world are well represented as well.
Looking for women’s Euro league volleyball? Check. Danish Handball? Check. E-sport betting? Check. Every soccer league on the planet? Another check. For action junkies, that want something to bet every hour of every day; there’s no better shop.
They offer futures, alternative lines, and a host of other odds for most of their sports. However, one area that they lack is their bet types. Parlays and teasers are well represented and have excellent odds to boot, but that’s about it regarding bet types. There are no if bets, reverses, round robins or football pleaser bets available.
These aren’t exactly highly wagered bets by the masses, but it’s certainly something the team at Nitrogen shouldn’t have much trouble adding. As far as propositions, they’re also hit or miss. There’s a lot of alternative lines and variations, but with the selection of player and team props leave a lot to be desired. They rarely offer these bets even for the more prominent sports.
Live betting is perhaps the only drawback to when it comes to betting markets. Their options, currently, when it comes to live markets aren’t that numerous.
Nitrogen is an excellent sportsbook for low-level bettors and those who bet intermediate amounts. It’s not yet a bookmaker who takes massive wagers. However, the fact that they aren’t taking huge bets should give bettors a little more confidence. Their betting limits have grown since they opened and as they’ve gotten more customers. This is a natural progression of how an emerging sportsbook should operate in the market.
A member of our staff did a review a few years ago, around the time they opened their doors. At that time, they had just a 1.0 BT limit. Today, most major markets have a 10 BTC betting limit. Smaller markets limits will vary, but for all US-based professional and college sports, along with European soccer, the betting limit will be 10 BTC.
It’s worth mentioning again that Nitrogen doesn’t take deposits in any fiat-based currencies. They solely make deposits in bitcoins. If you’re looking for deposit and withdrawal with USD, you’ll need to find another site.
Since bitcoins are the only form of deposits and withdrawals, there are zero fees for deposits and payouts. Nitrogen only requires one confirmation on the Blockchain before they credit deposits, so most are credited in just a few minutes.
The withdrawals process is also quick and automated for the most part. Some larger requests may need approval from management, but even those are done in a few hours or less. Typically, withdrawals are heading back to customer’s wallets in a matter of minutes. Regarding bitcoin processing speeds at gambling, these guys are at the top of the list.
They’re excellent for withdrawals, but they are far and away the best bitcoin sportsbook and perhaps the best sportsbook online for support. Not only do they have a chat room on their main page that is frequented by staff, but they also have a toll-free phone and email support.
Their response time to emails is 24 hours or less, but it’s usually much faster. They also have threads at many of the largest bitcoin forums online where they also field questions and take suggestions from players.
Nitrogen has a built quite a community around their site, which bodes extremely well for their growth in the market.
In 2015, there’s no better option than Nitrogen in bitcoin sports betting markets. Heck, they’re a top option across the board. The only knock against them is how few years they have in the industry, but they’ve done everything right so far. No other bitcoin site compares to them in terms of odds and markets, and most fiat-based sites don’t either. If you’re jumping into bitcoin sports betting, Nitrogen Sports is a clear first choice.

industry_corpus2: Sports


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My apologies to readers for the relative lack of content in this space over recent weeks, however I haven’t been entirely idle during this time. For some years I have written the Campbell River area outlook for the magazine Island Fisherman. Recently it was acquired by new owners, Joel and Leigh Unickow, and they have asked me to both continue with the CR outlook and contribute the occasional column on issues relevant to the BC recreational fishery for the magazine website. It’s taken a little time to sort a few things out, including how to avoid confusion by web search engines utilized by prospective readers between two sites with some identical content, but we’ve settled on the following approach and copied below are links to two recent pieces.
I will be continuing with material solely for my blog but I anticipate there will be the link to an Island Fisherman column posted here from time to time in the future.
A reminder that licenses for both the fresh and saltwater recreational fisheries will expire March 31st, time to renew!
Previous Post:There’s a lot going on!!


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industry_corpus2: Others


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One of the surprise announcements from this year’s EA Play conference was the return of Yarny in Unravel Two. Built for a co-op experience but with the option of playing in single-player, the game looks like a fun platformer.
Surprisingly, Unravel Two is available on PlayStation 4, Xbox One and PC now.

industry_corpus2: Gaming


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The day started out around 8 am with a shower, breakfast bar, and a monster energy drink. From there my wife and I went to the local wal-mart, step daughters house, rented a carpet cleaner, sonic for a cheese burger, and the local feed and fertilizer store.
The soap dispensers that I brought to the camp worked well. We have 2 dispensers at the kitchen sink and master bedroom sink.
We need some more had tools. My dad was working on the lawnmower and needed some tools. We had enough to get the job done, but some extras would not hurt.
My mom found an LED flashlight that had been left outside. Someone used the light to turn on the propane tank, and left the light outside. One good thing, even after being left outside in the rain, the light still worked. I have no idea how long the ;light had been outside, but it still worked.
We need more hand tools, such as machetes, axes, shovels,,,, stuff like that. Lets say that some kind of long term SHTF situation happens, we will need hand tools to work the fields. What good does seed do, if you have no way to work the ground.
The ammunition stockpile looks good – we have several boxes of 223, 7.62×39, 30-30, 308, 30-06, 270, 280 and 22 long rifle.
Pistol ammo, I would like to have some more of are 9mm, 45 acp and 40S&W.
Rifle ammo, I would like to have some more 30-30, 9mm and 308, but that is just something I am going to have to work on.
Shotgun ammo, we could probably use some more #4 shot and some 00 buckshot.
But over all, if my family had to bug out to the camp, ammunition should not be an issue. Ammunition is one of those things that you can not have enough of.
On the topic of the ammunition stockpile, I would like to buy a set of shelves and move all of the ammo together in one location. Right now there are boxes spread out through 3 different rooms. The ammo needs to be centralized in one location.
While at the camp I thought about stockpiling diesel for the tractor. There are certain issues with stockpiling diesel, but having diesel for the tractor could really help kick start a garden. Instead of having to work the first garden by hand, we could use the tractor to work up 2 or 3 acres. Having 2 or 3 acres of land that has been worked up by a tractor could really help out in a long term SHTF situation. As for stockpiling diesel at a bug out location, I do not have an answer.
One of my big concerns is safe drinking water. Even though I have a Royal Berkey that I keep at the camp, I do not think that a 2 filter unit could keep up during the summer time. I might have to buy a couple more filters, so that the Royal Berkey is filtering though 4 filters.
We have a water well, but the well is not used enough to keep the water clean.
Our other water source is a nearby stream. The issue is that people living up steam have livestock. The run off from the livestock could introduce waterborne infections like Cryptosporidium and E. Coli.
While I was at the camp I made sure to water the oak trees that I am trying to grow. The oak trees are part of my long term survival plans, as I want a natural setting that draws wild hogs and deer into a certain area of a field. The field is overlooked by a deer stand, so anything that crosses the field should be easy pickings.
We had a slight injury Saturday, when some ran into a leveling blade that was attached to the tractor. The first aid kit was used, and a bandage was applied.
Overall, it was nice visiting with my uncles and aunts. Hopefully I can learn from this trip to the bug out location and can improve on the essentials that we may need to survive a long term SHTF situation.


text: Quote: Negotiations between the Black Dragon Society, the BIS and the Vatican are scheduled for this week and next week in Rome, Milan and Switzerland. If all goes well, there will be some earth-shattering announcements. First of all, trillions and trillions of dollars will be made available for ending poverty and saving the environment. Secondly, all wars now being waged will be ended. And, we will finally hear the truth the Vatican has been hiding all these years. Much of our history is going to have to be rewritten when this is all over. We will provide up-dates on the negotiations whenever possible over the coming week.


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Cambridge Fans United have released a statement seeking "further clarification" on the club's finances.
The chair of CFU Trust Board, Robert Osbourne, sent a letter to the club on December 14 last year saying that the financial reports and statements to shareholders have been "insufficient in detail to allow a reasonable level of scrutiny" ahead of the annual shareholder's meeting.
Details of turnover (including net gate receipts, Football League and other similar payments received, transfer fees received and paid, commercial and catering revenues, media income and grants).
The letter was dated three days before former chairman Dave Doggett announced his resignation after the home defeat to Newport County.
The fans group said that they did not receive a reply to the request for more information or a date for the annual shareholders' meeting, so contacted the club again and received a response today [February 1].
In a statement CFU, a significant shareholder in the company, said it was not satisfied with director of finance Steve Chamberlain's response and that they would be seeking more information.
CFU also reiterated its request to be informed of the probable date of the annual shareholders’ meeting, at which it is likely to have questions for the company.
It read: "The response came from Cambridge United Finance Director Steve Chamberlain confirmed that the company was "working on specific additional disclosures” to shareholders. Mr Chamberlain said the company needed to “ensure the balance is right between disclosed information and that which must remain confidential”.
"He was unable to confirm the exact date of the shareholders’ meeting but indicated that it would probably take place in late March or early April.
"Mr Chamberlain’s reply does not answer all of CFU’s concerns, and the Trust Board will be seeking further information in the near future."
After Doggett's resignation interim head of business Shaun Grady reassured fans that a lot of the rumours about the club's finances were untrue.
"We have a better handle on the finances than we have seemingly had for a very long time," he said.
"We've also heard very loud and clear from the supporters and certain supporters groups to have more transparency around the finances and we're committed to do that.
"But you cant' be doing that on a daily, weekly basis as it's such a volatile roller coaster that you wouldn't actually be helping people.
"I've also been told that there are numbers being banded around about debts and losses and all the rest of it and I didn't recognise those numbers and it's wrong that we comment on them because they are just wrong.
"And even if there are accurate numbers out there shouldn't be because that's highly confidential business information that will be disclosed to the shareholders and the supporters at the right point in time."
The News have reached out to the club who have said that would not be making a statement at this moment in time.


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Lively color combination in this new handmade Dachshund dog lover bracelet.
I combined amethyst and turquoise gemstone beads, along with deep turquoise crystal rondelles, with silver jeweler's wire. Charms include a sweet silver heart, three dimensional silver dog bone, and a hand crafted black and tan Dachshund.
The Doxie charm is two dimensional (flat on back) and crafted from resin poured into a hand carved mold, then hand painted. A little work of art, highly detailed, and true to AKC / UKC dog breed standards.
This sweet bracelet would make a great gift any time, but especially if your Dachshund dog lover has a February birthday.
Fetch more Dachshund dog jewelry at For Love a Dog, where we have necklaces, bracelets, earrings, pins and pendants in many specific dog breeds. We offer a fine selection of jewelry for those who love mixed breed mutts. Enjoy free standard shipping within the United States, plus gift box packaging complete with ribbon and tissue.
Shop For Love of a Dog now for best selection in our one of a kind handmade dog lover jewelry.
What a realistic lookin' dachshund!


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Professor do Depto de Ciências Contábeis/FEAAC/Universidade Federal do Ceará. Áreas de interesse: Finanças Corporativas, Responsabilidade Social Corporativa, Governança Corporativa, Investimento Empresarial, Estrutura de Propriedade, Avaliação de Empresas. Doutorado em Economia Financeira pela Universidade de Valladolid/Espanha. Mestre em Ciências da Computação pela Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Graduado em Ciências Contábeis e Ciências da Computação pela Universidade Federal do Ceará.
Mestre em Administração e Controladoria pela Universidade Federal do Ceará, Bacharel em Administração de empresas pela Universidade de Fortaleza (2002). MBA em Logística Empresarial pela FGV. Licenciando em Matemática pela UFC. Administrador Pleno - Petróleo Brasileiro - Ceará.
The paper analyzes whether nonfinancial firms as large blockholders of the Brazilian firm shape dividend policy. Under the Agency Theoretical framework a set of good corporate governance practices is suggested as able to control management activity and prevent managers from incurring in moral hazard problems and the emergence of excessive management power as predicted by the Managerial Power Hypothesis. In this context, the Management Monitoring Hypothesis proposes that dividend policy may be used as a management control mechanism given that dividend distribution affects the free cash flow available for managers. Dividend models were estimated by the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) for an unbalanced panel data, composed of 1.890 firm-year observations of 234 companies listed on the BM&FBovespa, in the period 1996-2012. The results indicate that nonfinancial firms as large shareholders increase dividend payout which leads to the reduction of free cash flow. This result is in accordance with the monitoring hypothesis which predicts the reduction of free cash flow available for managers through dividend policy.
Dividend policy. Management monitoring hypothesis. Ownership structure. Nonfinancial firm as dominant blockholder. Brazil.
Allen, J. W., & Phillips, G. M. (2000). Corporate Equity Ownership, Strategic Alliances, and Product Market Relationships. Journal of Finance, 55(6), 2791-2815.
Arellano, M., & Bond, S. (1998). Dynamic panel data estimation using DPD98 for Gauss: A guide for users Mimeo. London: The Institute for Fiscal Studies.
Arellano, M., & Bover, O. (1990). La econometria de datos de panel. Investigaciones Económicas, 14(1), 3-45.
Barclay, M. J., & Smith, C. W. J. (2005). The Capital Structure Puzzle: The Evidence Revisited. Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, 17(1), 8-17.
Bhattacharya, S. (1979). Imperfect Information, Dividend Policy, and "The Bird in the Hand" Fallacy. The Bell Journal of Economics, 10(1), 259-270.
Black, F. (1976). The dividend puzzle. Journal of Portfolio Management, 2, 5-8.
Blundell, R., & Bond, S. R. (1998). Initial conditions and moment restrictions in dynamic panel data models. Jounal of Econometrics, 87, 115-143.
Brandão, I. F., & Crisóstomo, V. L. (2015). Concentração de propriedade e qualidade da governança da empresa brasileira. Revista Brasileira de Finanças, 13(3), 438-469.
Crisóstomo, V. L. (2011). Inversión, Restricción Financiera y Estructura de Propiedad en Brasil (1 ed.). Saarbrücken: Editorial Académica Española (LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing GmbH & Co. KG).
Crisóstomo, V. L., & Brandão, J. W. (2016). Ownership Concentration Affects Dividend Policy of the Brazilian Firm. Revista de Finanças Aplicadas, 7(3), 1-22.
Demsetz, H., & Lehn, K. (1985). The Structure of Corporate Ownership: Causes and Consequences. Journal of Political Economy, 93(6), 1155-1177.
Denis, D. J., & Osobov, I. (2008). Why do firms pay dividends? International evidence on the determinants of dividend policy. Journal of Financial Economics, 89(1), 62-82.
Dyck, A., & Zingales, L. (2004). Private Benefits of Control: An International Comparison. The Journal of Finance, 59(2), 537–600.
Faccio, M., Lang, L. H. P., & Young, L. (2001). Dividends and expropriation. The American economic review, 91(1), 54-78.
Fama, E. F., & Babiak, H. (1968). Dividend Policy: An Empirical Analysis. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 63(324), 1132-1161.
Goergen, M., & Renneboog, L. (2001). Investment Policy, Internal Financing and Ownership Concentration in the UK. Journal of Corporate Finance, Volume 7, Issue 3, pp. 257-284, September/2001., 7(3), 28.
Gordon, M. J. (1959). Dividends, Earnings, and Stock Prices. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 41(2), 99-105.
Gutiérrez Urtiaga, M., & Sáez Lacave, M. I. (2014). La política de dividendos de las empresas con accionistas de control. InDret - Revista para el Análisis del Derecho, 3, 1-27.
Harris, M., & Raviv, A. (1991). The Theory of Capital Structure. Journal of Finance, 46(1), 297-355.
Holanda, A. P., & Coelho, A. C. D. (2014). Estrutura de Propriedade em Firmas Brasileiras: Trajetória entre 1998-2012. Revista de Finanças Aplicadas, 3, 1-39.
Hoshi, T., Kashyap, A., & Scharfstein, D. (1991). Corporate structure, liquidity, and investment: evidence from Japanese industrial groups. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 106(1), 33-60.
Jensen, M. C. (1986). Agency costs of free cash flow, corporate finance, and takeovers. The American Economic Review, 76(2), 323-329.
John, K., & Williams, J. (1985). Dividends, Dilution, and Taxes: A Signalling Equilibrium. The Journal of Finance, 40(4), 1053-1070.
Johnson, S., La Porta, R., Lopez-de-Silanes, F., & Shleifer, A. (2000). Tunneling. The American Economic Review, 90(2), 22-27.
Lensink, R., & Van der Molen, R. (2010). Does group affiliation increase firm value for diversified groups?: New evidence from Indian companies. Journal of Empirical Finance, 17(3), 332-344.
Lintner, J. (1956). Distribution of Incomes of Corporations Among Dividens, Retained Earnings, and Taxes. American Economic Review, 46, 97-113.
Manos, R., Murinde, V., & Green, C. J. (2007). Leverage and business groups: Evidence from Indian firms. Journal of Economics and Business, 59(5), 443-465.
Miller, M. H., & Modigliani, F. (1961). Dividend Policy, Growth, and the Valuation of Shares. The journal of business, 34(4), 411-433.
Miller, M. H., & Rock, K. (1985). Dividend Policy under Asymmetric Information. Journal of Finance, 40(4), 1031-1051.
Modigliani, F., & Miller, M. H. (1958). The Cost of Capital, Corporation Finance and Theory of Investment. The American Economic Review, 48(3), 261-297.
Myers, S. C. (1977). Determinants of Corporate Borrowing. Journal of Financial Economics, 5, 147-175.
Myers, S. C. (1984). The Capital Structure Puzzle. The Journal of Finance, 39(3), 575-592.
Pindado, J., & De la Torre, C. (2006). The Role of Investment, Financing and Dividend Decisions in Explaining Corporate Ownership Structure: Empirical Evidence from Spain. European Financial Management, 12(5), 661-687.
Procianoy, J. L., & Verdi, R. S. (2009). Dividend clientele, new insights, and new questions: the Brazilian case. RAE-eletrônica, 8(1).
Shleifer, A., & Vishny, R. W. (1997). A Survey of Corporate Governance. Journal of Finance, 52(2), 737-783.
Stein, J. C. (2003). Agency, information, and corporate investment. In G. M. Constantinides, M. Harris & R. M. Stulz (Eds.), Handbook of the Economics of Finance (pp. 111-165). Amsterdam: Elsevier, North-Holland.
Waud, R. (1966). Small Sample Bias due to Misspecification in the “Partial Adjustment” and “Adapted Expectations” Models. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 61(316), 134–145.

industry_corpus2: Finance & Economics


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One of the ripples that has emerged out of the failure of Carillion is the use by private companies of ‘non-profit’ companies as a front for delivering public services.
What could be more trustworthy than a community enterprise which makes no profit out of essential services?
Well, the answer is that these can be fake non-profits, simply serving as a way for investor-owned outsourcing companies to launder the proceeds.
But there was a fig leaf thrown in, in the form of a non-profit company with a heartwarming name – Cultural Community Solutions, responsible for day-to-day management.
When we look at the accounts submitted to Companies House, the story becomes visible. Cultural Community Solutions made no profit because it looks as if it has paid all of its profit out to others including companies in the Carillion family. From year to year, gross profit is simply eaten up by the ‘administrative expenses’. In 2016, they were exactly the same figure.
As a non-profit, they could also do something that other commercial, or indeed in-house services, could not, which is to claim discretionary relief on business rates payable on library premises. As with the big fostercare companies financed by offshore venture capital, designed to escape taxation, the financial profits this non-profit passed through to Carillion were in every possible way a gift from the taxpayer.
This then is not a non-profit company. It is a for-profit operation, masquerading as a non-profit and presumably using time honoured techniques of transfer pricing – a device for corporate groups to shift monies between legal entities through inflated charging.
Devices like these, some charitable, have been used in the leisure sector as well. This is one part of public services where true social enterprises, like Freedom Leisure, Fusion Lifestyle and GLL, have a successful track record. Outsourcing companies have sought to get back into the market through a similar device of non-profit trusts. Serious questions surely now need to be asked about these.
It is not a new issue. Wolves will snap up some sheep’s clothing if they see a bargain and allowed to get away with it. In 2012, Social Enterprise UK’s Shadow State report helped to shine a light on companies like A4E, banned that same year from calling itself a ‘social purpose company’, since its primary purpose was always shareholder profit.
Cultural Community Solutions wasn’t a Community Interest Company, a specific form of social enterprise, nor necessarily marketing itself as a social enterprise, but it appears as if it was assumed to be such by some commentators.
Anyone can call themselves a non-profit, just as many can claim to be a social enterprise, but there is an underlying first principle that needs to be recognised, as in the International Statement of Co-operative Identity, which is that of independence.
The Financial Conduct Authority for example, rightly tests co-operative and community benefit societies against this measure of independent ownership and control, including any close links that societies may have. We need that same test more widely when claims of being community are made – in the name or in the legal form of a company.
If a business is set up with a dependency on others, whether state or private investors, the nature of the company will ultimately reflect the interests of those dominant partners.
Well spotted and the tip of an iceberg I suspect. Educational Academies should also be looked at for asset stripping and syphoning funds to overpaid ‘executives’.
I was wondering about this. A company that has a .org website and has told me on more than one occasion (voluntarily) that they were a non profit is definitely a LLC. I was curious so I looked them up. It’s frustrating and they have gotten a lot of accolades from the city for their mission. I was thinking of working with them and now am not. Not sure what to do but move on.


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Version: v1.1.28, last updated: November 16, 2018.
Jakiro Fashion Shop WordPress Theme is a WordPress Themes being distributed by Themeforest. Jakiro theme is designed for fashion eCommerce websites with retina ready and responsive design.


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Please encourage your child to read their reading books or find some Christmas stories to read and talk about together. All newsletters from the current term can be accessed on the website www.bramleysunnysideinfant.co.uk giving you the opportunity to recap on any of the previously set homework. Maybe your child still struggles with a tricky word or needs to practice their multiplication or punctuation! Alternatively, you could access the Espresso site via the link on the school website or go to home.espresso.co.uk using the log in information which was sent to you earlier this month.
In response to the many enquiries we have had from parents asking if children can wear Christmas jumpers in school tomorrow we would like to advise you that all children would be welcome to come in a Christmas jumper or non uniform clothes for the last day of term.
Thank you to everyone who attended our Nativity Performances. I’m sure you would agree that the children were fabulous! A copy of the E safety information that was given to you at the performances is attached to this newsletter.
Superb! Class 8 have attained 100% attendance and are Class of the Week.
Congratulations to the children in Class 9 who have achieved the highest level of attendance this term. Well done!
A visit to The Deep has been arranged for the children in Year 2 which will take place on Thursday 19th January. The cost of the visit will be £17.50 and a letter with further details will be sent out when we return after the Christmas Holidays.
I would like to say a big ‘Thank you’ on behalf of all the staff for the many lovely Christmas cards, gifts and warm wishes we have received. May we take this opportunity to wish you all a very Happy Christmas and a peaceful New Year. We look forward to welcoming you all back on Tuesday January 3rd 2017 when learning begins again in earnest. Please look out for dates of Stay and Learn sessions which will focus on reading, giving parents lots of ideas on how they can support their child to make maximum progress in reading. There will also be opportunities for you to join in activities with your child and view examples of statutory tests that children in Year 1 and Year 2 will take later in the year.
A very big thank you to the 120 parents that attended the school meal taster sessions and to those of you who completed the questionnaires.
13/50 children choose a variety of options from the menu. This was largely due to children preferring green choice which is served quicker and allows longer to play outside.
44/50 parents knew that meals were cooked freshly on the premises and are carefully planned to ensure a balance of nutrients.
45/50 parents think there is a good variety of food on the menu.
49/50 parents said that they found the taster session helpful.
Although it does take longer for some children to eat their meal, particularly red and yellow choices, they are supervised in the dining hall until 1:00pm when the afternoon teaching session begins.
Despite some children choosing a limited variety of meals, all staff do encourage children to try new things and remind them that they need to taste food several times before they can decide whether they like it or not. The kitchen also provides occasional food taster pots during lunch time for children to try.
We will continue to include menus on the school website so that choices can be discussed at home. We will also organise another school meals taster session later in the school year when the menu is issued.

industry_corpus2: Subject Education


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You’ll Find Restaurants to Suit Most Tastes in Rovinj – and at a Very Reasonable Price!
Rovinj has excellent food. You’ll find lots of fresh fish, as well as many meat options. And the local white wine is a perfect complement to any meal!
Gissell heard great feedback about Marinero, so we went there for dinner 1 evening. We were lucky to find a table outside on the street. All the tables were full when we 1st arrived.
We ordered a carafe of white wine to share.
The Local White Wine Is Refreshing and Cheap!
The waiter was very nice and we couldn’t wait to eat. All of the dancing really works up a hunger!
We Were Famished From Dancing All Day and Night!
The price of food in Rovinj is generally a little cheaper than what you’ll find in the rest of Europe.
Some days, we did have some fast food to save money and time. We found a little doner kebab eatery, so I ordered one.
Jagoda Serves Pizza, Sandwiches, and Excellent Kebab!
I didn’t have high expectations, but my kebab was amazing!!
Plus I didn’t spend much, so that made me happy, too! My huge kebab was only ~$5.
Another day, my friends and I had a leisurely 2 hour lunch at Mikula, a restaurant by the sea.
We ordered mussels and a carafe of Croatian wine to start.
My friend Paolo ordered a variety of meats.
I had croquetas and veggies. Everything was absolutely amazing!
We were lucky enough to have a delicious restaurant, Pineta, close to our apartment, and we stopped here at least 2 to 4 times during the course of our stay.
I had some beef stew gnocchi that was 1 of the best meals I had in Rovinj.
The Beef Gnocchi Was 1 of My Favorite Meals!
In the morning, my friends and I liked to stop at Concettino’s for a coffee and pastries. My favorite were the potato and cheese filled pastries. Yum!
This place was cheap, too, which was an added bonus.
Good Food With Good Friends for a Good Price!
You go in to choose your food. There’s a huge selection.
We enjoyed sampling their different specialties each day.
We Loaded up on Carbs for Energy – All That Dancing Makes You Hungry!
Everything was baked fresh that day.
We went to Konzum supermarket twice during our stay. We loaded up on fruits, veggies, deli meat, salmon, wine, liquor, and chocolate. This was a great way to save a lot of money because we had a lot of meals at home.
Stocking up on Basics at the Supermarket Saved Us a Ton of Money!
The Konzums in the old town are smaller. We went to 1 by our apartment which was huge!
There was a large selection of everything, including many gluten free foods! We had fun making dinner together 1 evening.
Eating in the Apartment Was Cheaper and Healthier!
Robbie is an excellent cook and roasted a delicious whole chicken for us!
If Only I Could Get My Roast Chickens to Look Like This!
Rovinj has a very strong Italian influence, so there were many gelato shops. One evening, we had gelato at Gelateria Italia.
It was handmade in the store.
Some of the Flavors Required an Explanation!
I ordered cookies. It was delicious!!
Perfect After a Long Day of Dancing and Swimming!
Rovinj is filled with excellent restaurants. Be sure to try the fresh seafood and local Croatian wine! And the gelato is a must.
You can save money by going to the supermarket and making many meals at an apartment, like we did.

industry_corpus2: Hospitality & Catering


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Keep your family cozy and comfortable in your Jersey County home this winter with an efficient new furnace. Ernst Heating & Cooling installs Lennox furnaces in the Jersey County area. Our knowledgeable installers can help you determine the right model for your home and budget. Call Ernst at 618-887-6093 to schedule an appointment.
We can help you choose the right furnace for your Jersey County home by taking a look at your budget, comparing options, such as AFUE rating, size, and more, and then deciding which model will best suit your needs.

industry_corpus2: Real Estate & Construction