text:
Xcode 8 makes it easier to find several new categories of bugs with improvements in Runtime Sanitization and the Clang Static Analyzer. The Thread Sanitizer will help you find data races and other concurrency bugs. The static analyzer has been extended to search for localizability issues, check nullability, and find memory leaks in MRR code.
[ Music ] Hello, I'm Anna.
Welcome to the Thread Sanitizer and Static Analysis talk. Since our team works on bug-finding tools, we are going to tell you about new ways of catching bugs.
I'm going to start with giving a brief overview of Address Sanitizer and then dive much deeper into Thread Sanitizer which is a new feature we introducing this year. Later, Devin is going to come up and tell you about the new checks we've added to the Clang Static Analyzer.
But let's start. Sanitizers, [inaudible] LEM tools that combine compile time instrumentation and runtime monitoring to find bugs at runtime. They're similar to Valgrind. However, their main advantage is that they have low runtime overhead. They work with Swift and Objective-C, and they have tight integration into the Xcode UI.
So last year we've introduced Address Sanitizer to macOS and iOS. This tool finds memory corruptions such as stack and heap buffer overflows use up the freeze, double freeze. It's extremely effective at finding memory issues. So if you're not using it already, I highly, highly, highly recommend it. This year we've extended the tool to provide full support for Swift.
Which will be especially exciting to those of you who love to live dangerously in Swift. So what does it mean if you are using unsafe pointer types? Run your test with Address Sanitizer turned on, it will find some bugs for you. Now, while Address Sanitizer mainly focuses on memory corruption issues, there is another large source of bugs that are threading issues. These are even harder to reproduce and debug.
They're sensitive to timing. They might occur only in some certain circumstances which means that the appellations that contain them will have unpredictable behaviors. So this year we introduce support to another tool, Thread Sanitizer which will help you to both find and better understand your threading bugs. TSan reports mainly different kinds of bugs, so let's take a look at some of them.
It will tell you about use of uninitialized mutexes. This might not seem like a big deal. However, if you are using a mutex that is not appropriately initialized that will lead to very subtle bugs in your applications because you're not actually getting any mutual exclusion when you use such a mutex. Another example are thread leaks. If your application has a lot of threads and if those threads are leaked, you will, and if there's memory leaks. Another one unsafe call in signal handlers and unlocks from a wrong thread. However, data races are by far the most common problem because they're so easy to introduce.
They happen when multiple threads access the same memory location without using proper synchronization. So let's see how this tool works by going into an Xcode demo.
So here I'm going to demo this Thread Sanitizer on an alpha version of last year's WWDC app. So here as you would expect, it brings up a schedule for the week. However, notice this interesting visual bug. Even though all the session's data has been downloaded, the network activity indicator keeps spinning. Now, I know I use a global variable to decide when to show and hide this indicator so there might be a threading problem.
Let's see if Thread Sanitizer can help us find it. In order to turn on Thread Sanitizer, we go to edit scheme. Choose diagnostics tab.
And click here on enable Thread Sanitizer. Now, here you can choose to pause in the debugger on every single issue and debug that issue right there.
Or you could choose to keep running, collect all the threading issues that Thread Sanitizer report, and explore them later on.
The second workflow is new in Xcode 8, and it's only supported by Thread Sanitizer, so let's take a look how that works. When your launch application under Thread Sanitizer, Xcode is going to rebuild your project with extra compiler instrumentation, and it's going to launch it in a special mode that tries to find threading issues. So here is our application is up. And Xcode tells us that Thread Sanitizer detected two issues by displaying this purple indicator in the activity viewer. Clicking on this purple indicator will take us to the issue navigator. And while previously we only used it to display build time issues such as compiler warnings, compiler errors, Static Analyzer issues. This year has been extended to provide support to runtime issues.
And this is where Thread Sanitizer's issue found its home. So Thread Sanitizer reported two problems.
Let's take a look at each one. The first one is use of uninitialized mutex. Now, this problem occurred as you were running that application sometime in the past. Thread Sanitizer is going to tell us about that exact moment by providing a historical stack trace.
Even though this is not a live stack trace, you can walk its frames as if it was a live stack trace. So let's take a look.
At some point we called acquire lock. That called pthread mutex lock, and passed an invalid mutex reference.
That was called from reset feed status which was called from the initializer. Now, as you can see here we do initialize the mutex, but we initialize it after we use it. It's a simple ordering bug. So just reordering those to statement should take care of that. Okay, let's go on to the second problem which is a data race. Also, here Thread Sanitizer tells that there is a data race on the variable called activity count. Now, that's the same global variable that they use to decide when to show and hide that indicator.
Since this is a data race, Thread Sanitizer will tell us about two events. The two race accesses.
A read and a write here. So the read happened on thread 11, and the write happened on thread 13.
Notice that neither of those are a main thread, and the stack traces are the same which means that they are probably executing the same cord from multiple threads without using synchronization. So let's take a look. Okay, here we are updating this activity account variable.
Now, I could have fixed this race by adding a lock. But notice that this is just a symptom. The next line here updates the UI.
And we know that the UI updates should happen on the main thread. So the proper fix here is to dispatch both the counter increment and the UI update onto the main cue with Grand Central Dispatch. This will both take care of the logical problem in our application and also take care of the race because all the threads will access that count variable from the same thread.
Now, I'm sure I sound very convincing and you all believe me that I fixed the bugs. However, the best way of checking yourself is to run the tool again on your project. So we should rerun the application again with Thread Sanitizer turned on.
And again it's going to rebuild your project with this extra checking and launch it in the special mode. Now, the application is up.
We see that the strange visual UI bug is gone, and Thread Sanitizer doesn't report any issues. So all is well.
Let's go back to slides. So just to recap the demo, you can enable Thread Sanitizer in the Scheme Editor when you go to the diagnostics tab just like you did with Address Sanitizer. In addition to ASan's workflow of stopping in the debugger on the very first issue, Thread Sanitizer it supports an additional mode. Where you could keep routing as the issues that detected, and then you could explore them in the issue navigator. They will stay there until you launch an application again. So let's now talk about what Xcode does behind the scenes to make this all work. In order to use Thread Sanitizer, Xcode passes a special flag to both Clang and Swift compilers that instruct them to produce an instrumented binary. This binary links to a TSan runtime library that is used by the instrumentation to both monitor the execution of the program and detect those threading issues. So if you're building and running Cocoa command line, you can pass an option to either of the compilers.
And Xcode will also support Thread Sanitizer by providing enableThreadSanitizer option. Now by default, TSan will keep running as the errors are detected. But you can instruct it to abort on the very first issue by setting this TSan options environment variables to halt on error equals 1 when you launch your process. That will allow you to have the same workflow as what you have with Address Sanitizer.
So where can you use this tool? Thread Sanitizer is supported on macOS and in the 64-bit simulators.
It is not supported on the device. So now you know how to use this tool, how to launch it, how to find issues.
Let's talk about what, how you can fix the bugs it reports. And we'll focus mainly on data races because this is the biggest category of bugs it reports.
So what is a data race? Data race happens when multiple threads access the same memory location without using proper synchronization and when at least one of those accesses is a write. And the problem here that you might not only end up with stale data, but the behavior here is unpredictable.
You might even end up with a memory corruption. So what are the reasons for data races? Well, it often indicates that you have a logical problem in the structure of your program. And only you will know how to fix it. On the other hand, it also means that we are missing some synchronization. So let's talk about that second scenario. Here is an example of a data race in Swift.
We have a global variable data. We have a producer that sets it for 42 and a consumer that prints it.
If those two pieces of code are executed by two different threads, there will be a data race. So how about this code? We introduce another variable called is data available. And we set that flag after we update the data in the producer, and in the consumer we are going to wait until the flag is set and then if once it's set, we print the data. Well, this looks very logical. It seems like it should work.
The problem here is what you see is not what will get executed. The instructions here can be reordered by either the compiler or the CPU, so you cannot assume that the flag is set after the data is updated. The order of the instruction is not guaranteed neither in the producer nor the consumer.
So what is the point here of this slide? I just want to demonstrate that trying to roll your own synchronization methods is often not a good idea. What should we do instead? We should use something that's available already.
For example, Grand Central Dispatch is a very good option. You can dispatch the recent accesses onto the same serial queue that will make sure that they execute it on the same thread, and there will be no data race. So now as you might recall Thread Sanitizer works for both Objective-C and Swift. So let's use Objective-C for our next example. Here is lazy initialization code.
And we are implementing method called getSingleton. That makes sure that we return the same shared instance to all of its callers.
Now, if this code is executed by multiple threads without proper synchronization, there will be a data race when both threads try to update the shared instance variable.
Okay, so what about this code? We tried to fix the problem by allocating and initializing a local variable, and then we are using atomic compare and set operation to make sure that threads atomically update that global variable.
So there will be no data race on the right. This might look like a step in the right direction, but this code still has problems.
So let's take a look at them. First, it's very difficult to reason about memory management when you are using atomics.
So, for example, here you will have use-after-free if you are using ARC. And if you are using MRR, this object will be leaked only in case there is a race. So that's not good. That's not the only problem.
Another problem here is that since the read is unsynchronized, there could still be a race where one thread is trying to read that shared variable and another one is trying to atomically set it. So this is undefined behavior, and that's not good.
What should you do instead? I mean, if you know the solution already, use Grand Central Dispatch.
Dispatch wants performed laziness socialization for you. It's even simpler in Swift. Both global variables and class constants have dispatch one semantics. So you can choose either of those two solutions, whatever works best for your code.
Okay, so just to summarize, you should use the highest level API that's suitable to your needs.
And most people should be using Grand Central Dispatch. If that's not suitable, you can use pthread APIs or NSLock, for example, now, we do have a new OS unfair lock that's new on our platform this year, and it replaces OSSpinLock. And they also have C++ and C11 Atomics. They are supported by Thread Sanitizer.
But as you've seen in the previous example, they're very difficult to use correctly. And besides the performance, being here is either not measurable or negligible. So don't choose to use those APIs if you did not measure that they actually have something on your application.
So for more information about all of those APIs, please attend Concurrent Programming talk on Friday. So now let's talk about benign races.
What are those? Some developers argue that on some architectures, for example x86, you do not need to insert synchronization between a read and a write because the architecture itself guarantees automaticity of those operations on pointer size data.
Now, it's important to remember that any race, even at a benign race, is considered to be undefined behavior from C or C++ standard.
So not only will you be surprised if that code with benign races write, runs on an architecture you have not tested well on before.
But the compiler is free to reorder those instructions as if no other thread saw that. So the bottom line is that you might end up with very subtle bugs. So as our engineering lead for Thread Sanitizer [inaudible] "Fix all the bugs." Now, to the most exciting part of our talk. As we all know, data races are hard to reproduce since they're so sensitive to timing. So the most interesting thing about Thread Sanitizer is that it can detect races that did not even manifest during that particular program run. Let's see how it does that. When you compile your program with Thread Sanitizer, it instruments every memory access, and it prefixes it with a check, with a code. But first, records the information about that access.
And second checks if that access participates in a race. So let's take a closer look. For every aligned 8 bytes of application memory, Thread Sanitizer shared those state, keeps track up to four accesses. So suppose we have four threads.
Thread one writes to that memory location. Thread sanitizer updates that, stores that information to shadow thread to reset memory location.
Again, we record that, and we keep going on and on. So now what happens if you have more than four accesses? Thread Sanitizer uses an educated guess onto what cell to evict next. So here it evicts access to that same thread which lets it not lose precision.
However, if we had access from a fifth thread, it would evict a random cell. So bounding the number of accesses like this means that we might not catch all races and all cases. Okay. Now, let's talk about how it detects data races. Thread sanitizer uses a well known technique of vector clocks for race detection. So how does that work? Thread local storage for each thread keeps track of threads own counter and the counters of all the other threads. This counter is initialized to zero, and every time a thread accesses memory, its counter is incremented. So, for example, here suppose thread one access two memory locations. Thread two accessed 22 memory locations. Thread three accesses 55 memory locations.
Now, this timestamps are not comparable. Each thread uses those timestamps or counters to order the accesses to memory that it performs.
Okay. So let's go back and bring back our memory location and its shadow and see how its threads interact and how they update the counters here.
We'll also add the lock that threads used to synchronize access to that memory location. Okay, thread one writes.
It's a well behaved thread. It's going to acquire a lock. It's going to update its counter.
It's going to write to that memory location. Now, Thread Sanitizer sees that. It's going to update the shadow.
Before updating the shadow, it sees that there is nothing in the shadow, stored in the shadow which means that that memory location has not been accessed before.
So it just safe to go ahead and write that down. Now before releasing the lock, thread one is going to update it with its own timestamp, and it releases the lock.
Now, it's time for thread two to write. Again, thread two is a very well behaved thread. It's going to acquire the lock.
Now, acquiring a lock like this lets thread two see that thread one has implemented its counter. Now, thread two implements its own counter, it writes to that memory location. Thread Sanitizer sees that it's trying to update the shadow. Now, here it sees that there is something there it shadowed before, so that means that memory location has been accessed already, so it's going to check for races.
By comparing the timestamps, Thread Sanitizer sees that thread two has synchronized after thread one has accessed the memory.
So there is no data race. And we can just proceed with the update. Before releasing the lock, thread two is going to update with its own timestamp. And it releases the lock. Okay, now it's time for thread three to write.
Thread three has been waiting for a long time. It's so excited to write to that memory location. Guess what, it forgets the lock.
It implements the counter, writes to the memory location, Thread Sanitizer is there, it's watching. It's trying to update the shadow and check for races.
So here the Thread Sanitizer sees that the old view of thread three is too old. The reads and writes stored in the shadow happened after thread three last synchronized. This allows Thread Sanitizer to catch the bug. So what's important to know about this algorithm is that the sensitivity of timing that we associate with data races does not apply here.
TSan can detect races even if they did not manifest during that particular run but could occur if you run your application again or your users run your application. And this makes using Thread Sanitizer much more effective than debugging and trying to reproduce those data races in the [inaudible] without the use of the tool. Now, another thing to remember here is that Thread Sanitizer is a runtime bug finding tool, so it will only catch races if you provided sufficient coverage. So please run all your tests with Thread Sanitizer turned on.
And that was Thread Sanitizer new in Xcode 8. Use it. It will find bugs, it will make your applications better.
Now, off to Devin who will tell you about the checks we've added to the Clang Static Analyzer.
Thanks, Anna. Unlike the sanitizers, the Static Analyzer can find bugs without even running your code. It does this by systematically exploring all paths through the program.
This makes it great at catching hard to reproduce edge-case bugs. It's supported for all of the languages that Clang compiles to, so C, Objective-C, and C++. This year, we've added three now checks to the Static Analyzer. A check for missing localizability, a check for improper instance cleanup in your manual retained release code, and a check for nullability violations.
Let me tell you about them. A common bug in localized apps is to forget to localize a UI element.
This can be very startling for your users. They'll be using your app in their own native language when all of a sudden, out of the blue a string in your language shows up in their UI. This is not a good user experience. So let me give you a demo of how the Static Analyzer can catch this kind of bug. Okay. So I'll demo the Static Analyzer on the same app that Anna used.
To run the analyzer, you can go to Xcode's product menu and choose analyze. This will explore a large number of paths through your program and try to find a bug along each one. Just like Thread Sanitizer, if address, if the Static Analyzer finds an issue, it will display this blue Static Analyzer icon in Xcode's activity bar. If you click on it it will show you the issue navigator, so it looks like we have a localizability issue. A nonlocalized string is flowing to a user-facing property. So we should localize it.
But looking at this method, I don't see anything immediately wrong. So I'm going to click on the diagnostic.
This shows me more information about how this nonlocalized string ended up flowing to the user-facing property.
I can explore this path with the path explorer bar at the top of Xcode's editor. Working my way backwards, I can see that this method is called from a TableView data source method, and then an intern it's passing in this nonlocalized constant string.
So let's localize it. To do so, I'll use the NS localized string macro. This will load a translated version of the string at runtime. Now, it's really important when using this macro to also include a comment for your translator to help them correctly translate that string. So I will say "This is the button that resets the session filter." Okay. Let's run the analyzer again to make sure we fixed the issue. Looks great.
So I'll switch back to slides. To recap, you can run the analyzer from the product menu, and it will display any of the issues that it finds in the issue navigator. As we saw, it's super useful to click on that diagnostic to show the path. This makes it easy to understand the issue and ultimately how to fix it.
So the analyzer can now find missing localizability as we saw. But it will also warn us if we've forgotten to provide that comment to our translators. Here I've provided a comment of nil which is not helpful at all. And so the analyzer will warn about it you can turn these checks on and other Static Analyzer checks in the Static Analyzer section of your project's build settings.
The check for missing localizability will be turned on automatically by Xcode if your project has localizations in more than one language.
The check for missing comments is off by default, but you should make sure to turn it on if you don't communicate these comments to your translator in some other way. For example, you might already be doing this directly in your strings file.
This year we've also improved checking of dealloc in your manual retained release code. It's really important under manual retained release to not release instance variables that are synthesized for assigned properties in your dealloc. If you do so, this can cause an over-release when the owner of that value also releases it and can crash your program. So the analyzer now warns about this. On the other hand, you must release instance variables that are synthesized for retain or copy properties. Because if you don't, they will leak. The analyzer warns about this as well.
Yeah! So this is an awesome check.
It found a bug in every single manual retained release project that we ran it on. So try it out.
Of course, the best way to get rid of retained release issue is to update your project to automated reference counting. Fortunately, Xcode can help you do this automatically. If you go to the edit menu and choose convert to Objective-C ARC.
This will have the compiler handle all of the messiness of retained release for you. Finally this year, we've added a check for nullability violations. This builds on work from last year where we annotated our STKs to indicate whether methods or properties take or return nil.
For example, Core Location's timestamp property is non-null. This is because every measurement of a location also has a corresponding date and time.
In contrast, its floor property is nullable. That's because this property will return nil when the location is in a venue that's not indoor location enabled. You should annotate your own headers with nullability because it enables a new program and model where you communicate your expectations about nullability directly to your clients. This is important because violations of those expectations can cause crashes or unexpected behavior. In fact, we thought it was so important that we built it into Swift where the optional type requires you to check for nil before using a value. Now, it's important in Objective-C as well, and so we've added a check for nullability violations to the Static Analyzer. And this check is particularly useful for projects that mix Swift and Objective-C code.
And it finds two kinds of issues. There might be logical problems in your code. Maybe you're returning nil when you shouldn't.
Or you might have an incorrect annotation. So let's take a look at how to fix each of these two kinds of issues.
A common mistake is to initialize a local variable with nil and then later fill it in with a series of non-exhaustive branches.
This method, for example, returns a short description of a location. Either the name of a city or the country that contains that location. But we fail to consider an important case. What if the location is in international waters? Then there will neither be a city nor a country. And so this method will unexpectedly return nil. And the analyzer will tell us about it.
Fortunately. This is awesome, too. Fortunately, the fix here is simple. All you need to do is initialize your local variable with a nonnil default.
In this case, we'll use the constant string Earth and, of course, we'll make sure to localize it. On the other hand, it could be that your code in the implementation is perfectly fine, and it's the annotation that's incorrect. And we found that one way that this commonly arises is when you use the convenient NS assume nonnull begin and end macros. These macros wrap a portion of your header and say that inside of the reins that they wrap, that types will be implicitly nonnull. This can save you a lot of typing, but it also makes it really easy to forget to mark a property as nullable. In this example, the pressure property returns nil when the device doesn't have a barometer. But the property is implicitly nonnull. Fortunately, the fix here is simple as well.
We can simply explicitly mark that property as nullable inside of that region. And this will tell clients that they shouldn't expect pressure data to always be available. Now, you do need to be careful about this.
That's because the nullability of your API is a contract. And so you shouldn't change it just to make the analyzer happy. Instead, you should carefully consider the API that you want to expose and use that. If you do decide to change your API, you'll also need to carefully think about backwards compatibility.
This is particularly important in Swift where nullability changes how a type is imported. You might also find yourself in a situation where you can change neither the implementation of your method nor its annotation. And in these cases, you can suppress the analyzer diagnostic with a cast. One way that this commonly arises is in methods that defensively return nil when a precondition is violated.
In this example, the method returns nil when an index is out of bounds. If there's existing code that relies on this behavior, then you can't remove that check and you can't replace it within a cert. Instead, the right thing to do is tell the analyzer that that's what you meant by casting the return value to nonnull. So that's what's new in the Static Analyzer and Xcode 8.
So let's wrap up. Today we told you about three great tools.
These tools find real bugs. Address Sanitizer and Thread Sanitizer find memory corruption in threading issues at runtime.
And the Static Analyzer can find bugs without even running your code. So please use these tools on your own projects.
They will help you find your bugs before your users find them for you. If you're interested in more information, you can go to your session website. And there's also several related sessions that we think you might find helpful.

industry_corpus2: Programming


text:
Last year Boston University emitted 146,000 metric tonnes of CO2 from fossil fuels burned on campus to heat and cool our buildings, and from the fossil fuels burned by others to generate the necessary electricity and steam.
With the impacts of climate change becoming more apparent every day, colleges and universities around the world are implementing climate actions plans – road maps to reduce their carbon footprints. It is essential to benchmark current greenhouse gas emissions in order to plan for and manage energy consumption, and to make cleaner fuel choices.
The first step in developing a climate action plan is to establish a greenhouse gas inventory. During the summer of 2010, Boston University began its inventory process through the Metrics Focus Group (a subcommittee of the Energy Conservation Working Group). It has nearly completed the inventory for Scopes 1 and 2 and is now in the process of projecting the current Scope 3 inventory and developing the framework for tracking future emissions.
In order to understand energy consumption trends, the University is using the Kyoto Protocol standard, gathering data on its energy use dating back to 1990 wherever possible. The inventory process is well underway using the Clean Air-Cool Planet Campus Climate Action Toolkit.
Once the inventory is complete, the University will begin the process to set greenhouse gas reduction targets, identify mitigation opportunities and identify financing strategies.
The American College & University Presidents’ Climate Commitment is an organization dedicated to eliminating global warming emissions and providing the knowledge and education to achieve climate neutrality. Many colleges and universities around the country are signatories to the ACUPCC and many have elected not to be. After all the data is assembled and analyzed, and the Climate Action Plan is complete, Boston University will then be in a position to make an informed decision on whether to sign the President’s Climate Commitment.

industry_corpus2: Subject Education


text:
Half of all people diagnosed with asthma have at least one asthma emergency. Having an asthma attack can be scary, and it can be easy to panic. The best way to prevent an asthma attack from escalating into an emergency is to help quash the fear that can come with it. Being prepared and knowing what to do are key.
Step 1: Write down your action plan.
Know exactly what you will do when you feel your chest tightening and your breathing shortening. If you know what you will do in these situations, you can ground yourself and handle an asthma emergency without panic. Then make sure to follow that plan should the need arise.
Step 2: Share the plan with others.
Let your friends, family and co-workers (and teachers, if you have children with asthma) in on your plan. This way, if you experience an asthma attack, you don’t have to go it alone. Also, it helps others not panic when they see you wheezing and gasping for air. They will know what to do, instead of sitting idly by, feeling helpless.
Step 3: Keep medications close by.
Always carry your fast-action rescue inhaler on you. Should you have an asthma attack, you will need to start medicating immediately. Keep your rescue meds in your desk drawer at work, in your backpack at the gym and in several rooms at home. Also, check expiration dates periodically to make sure that none of the medications has expired.
Step 4: Know when to call 911.
Discuss your plan with your doctor and what to do if you don’t receive quick relief. Establish guidelines with him about when to call 911. Either way, call 911 if your breathing becomes so difficult that you can’t walk, talk or drink, or if your lips and fingernails turn blue, and you’re not getting relief from your medicine despite taking it according to your doctor’s directions. Always carry your doctor’s phone number and other emergency numbers; add them to the contact list on your mobile phone.

industry_corpus2: Health & Medicine


text:
Distance and azimuth between two points.
Point located at a given distance and azimuth from an other point.
The starting position, which is always considered valid. It is initially set at (0,0) and can only be changed to another legitimate value.
The last one set overrides the other and determines what will be calculated.
Note: This class is not thread-safe. If geodetic calculations are needed in a multi-threads environment, create one distinct instance of GeodeticCalculator for each thread.
Constructs a new geodetic calculator associated with the WGS84 ellipsoid.
Constructs a new geodetic calculator expecting coordinates in the supplied CRS.
Constructs a new geodetic calculator associated with the specified ellipsoid.
Returns the coordinate reference system for all methods working on Position objects.
Returns the destination position in user coordinates, which doesn't need to be geographic.
Calculates the geodetic curve between two points in the referenced ellipsoid.
Returns the geographic coordinate reference system for all methods working on Point2D objects.
Calculates the meridian arc length between two points in the same meridian in the referenced ellipsoid.
Returns the orthodromic distance (expressed in meters).
Returns the starting point in geographic coordinates.
Returns the starting position in user coordinates, which doesn't need to be geographic.
Set the destination point in geographic coordinates.
Set the destination position in user coordinates, which doesn't need to be geographic.
Set the azimuth and the distance from the starting point.
Set the starting point in geographic coordinates.
Set the starting position in user coordinates, which doesn't need to be geographic.
Returns a string representation of the current state of this calculator.
Constructs a new geodetic calculator associated with the specified ellipsoid. All calculations done by the new instance are referenced to this ellipsoid.
ellipsoid - The ellipsoid onto which calculates distances and azimuths.
Constructs a new geodetic calculator expecting coordinates in the supplied CRS. The ellipsoid will be inferred from the CRS.
crs - The reference system for the Position objects.
Returns the coordinate reference system for all methods working on Position objects. This is the CRS specified at construction time.
The CRS for all Positions.
Returns the geographic coordinate reference system for all methods working on Point2D objects. This is inferred from the CRS specified at construction time.
Set the starting point in geographic coordinates. The azimuth, the orthodromic distance and the destination point are discarted. They will need to be specified again.
IllegalArgumentException - if the longitude or the latitude is out of bounds.
Set the starting point in geographic coordinates. The x and y coordinates must be the longitude and latitude in decimal degrees, respectively.
This is a convenience method for setStartingGeographicPoint(x,y).
point - The starting point.
Set the starting position in user coordinates, which doesn't need to be geographic. The coordinate reference system is the one specified to the constructor.
position - The position in user coordinate reference system.
TransformException - if the position can't be transformed.
Returns the starting point in geographic coordinates. The x and y coordinates are the longitude and latitude in decimal degrees, respectively. If the starting point has never been set, then the default value is (0,0).
The starting point in geographic coordinates.
Returns the starting position in user coordinates, which doesn't need to be geographic. The coordinate reference system is the one specified to the constructor.
The starting position in user CRS.
TransformException - if the position can't be transformed to user coordinates.
Set the destination point in geographic coordinates. The azimuth and distance values will be updated as a side effect of this call. They will be recomputed the next time getAzimuth() or getOrthodromicDistance() are invoked.
Set the destination point in geographic coordinates. The x and y coordinates must be the longitude and latitude in decimal degrees, respectively.
This is a convenience method for setDestinationGeographicPoint(x,y).
point - The destination point.
Set the destination position in user coordinates, which doesn't need to be geographic. The coordinate reference system is the one specified to the constructor.
Returns the destination point. This method returns the point set by the last call to a setDestinationGeographicPoint(...) method, except if setDirection(...) has been invoked after. In this later case, the destination point will be computed from the starting point to the azimuth and distance specified.
The destination point. The x and y coordinates are the longitude and latitude in decimal degrees, respectively.
IllegalStateException - if the azimuth and the distance have not been set.
Returns the destination position in user coordinates, which doesn't need to be geographic. The coordinate reference system is the one specified to the constructor.
The destination position in user CRS.
Set the azimuth and the distance from the starting point. The destination point will be updated as a side effect of this call. It will be recomputed the next time getDestinationGeographicPoint() is invoked.
IllegalArgumentException - if the azimuth or the distance is out of bounds.
Returns the azimuth. This method returns the value set by the last call to setDirection(azimuth,distance), except if setDestinationGeographicPoint(...) has been invoked after. In this later case, the azimuth will be computed from the starting point to the destination point.
The azimuth, in decimal degrees from -180° to +180°.
IllegalStateException - if the destination point has not been set.
Returns the orthodromic distance (expressed in meters). This method returns the value set by the last call to setDirection(azimuth,distance), except if setDestinationGeographicPoint(...) has been invoked after. In this later case, the distance will be computed from the starting point to the destination point.
The orthodromic distance, in the same units as the ellipsoid axis.
latitude1 - The latitude of the first point (in decimal degrees).
latitude2 - The latitude of the second point (in decimal degrees).
Calculates the geodetic curve between two points in the referenced ellipsoid. A curve in the ellipsoid is a path which points contain the longitude and latitude of the points in the geodetic curve. The geodetic curve is computed from the starting point to the destination point.
numberOfPoints - The number of vertex in the geodetic curve. NOTE: This argument is only a hint and may be ignored in future version (if we compute a real curve rather than a list of line segments).
The path that represents the geodetic curve from the starting point to the destination point.

industry_corpus2: Technology & Research


text: Nicholas Ray’s directorial debut features a very young Farley Grainger as a man who was wrongly convicted of murder. The famous opening scene, the first in which a helicopter was used to shoot actors, has him on the run, having broken out of prison with two hardened criminals. When the younger man is hurt, he hides away behind a billboard while the other two promise to return with a car. Instead, the daughter of a local farmer finds him, and takes him home. They fall in love and spend their married life running from the law. This film was shot in 1947, before Grainger appeared in Alfred Hitchcock’s Rope, but wasn’t released until 1949, as Howard Hughes was in the process of taking over RKO, and a lot of films got pushed to the sidelines. But a lot of Hollywood insiders were able to screen this film in the interim, helping to build a reputation for Grainger and Nicholas Ray. They Live by Night became a kind of template for couple-on-the-run movies, like Gun Crazy and Bonnie And Clyde, and also explored themes that Ray would return to an many of his later films, especially Rebel Without a Cause. While it is good considering its low budget and cast of newcomers, I wouldn’t exactly call it a classic of film noir.

industry_corpus2: Film & Entertainment


text:
A while ago I was talking about one of the mysteries of perfumery: how something simple could be made to seem complex, or vice versa. La Myrrhe is one of the vice versas.
If you have much experience with commercial perfumery you already know that a list of notes is not likely to be of much use to you when deciding if you would like a scent. It may be outdated. It may name things that aren't there: "carnation" in a list may simply indicate the presence of clove oil or eugenol, to make you think of carnations. It may mislead you by emphasizing unimportant notes and omitting others: it will definitely be incomplete. The almost useless (and at any rate in no particular order) notes for La Myrrhe are "mandarin, myrrh, lotus, bitter almond, woods, sandalwood, honey, amber, jasmine, musk, various spices, pimento." But you don't need to know that, because you probably aren't going to be smelling all those things anyway: whatever is in La Myrrhe is there to flesh out a very simple idea.
It starts, as do so many Lutens scents, with a brief whoosh of something that vanishes quickly: in this case, a billow of bright aldehydes which will make many people think it's inescapably a women's scent (though like most Lutenses it doesn't care who wears it). After that, the whole scent consists almost entirely of one radiant thing: candied orange peels soaked in bitter myrrh.
It is, of course, more than that, but it's all there to accent the myrrhed oranges. Bitterness comes and goes unpredictably, cutting through the candied sweetness and giving the illusion of Seville oranges; a hint of floralcy adds fullness and makes you think of orange blossom (but is actually upon examination jasmine); a shaving of dry wood underscores the incense quality of the myrrh. If you are not one of those who think that incense has a funereal quality, then La Myrrhe would make a perfect Christmas scent: it's certainly ideal for winter.
My first brief experience of La Myrrhe didn't do it justice: I was in the temple of Lutens, overwhelmed and awed (and on a real time budget), and my nose was too full of other things to appreciate its glories. As the bell jar above will tell you, La Myrrhe is an Exclusive, which means that it isn't available through the normal channels and will only be available to you through decants or on a trip to Paris. Worth it.

industry_corpus2: Others


text:
When discussing about videogames, avatars and the internet the discussion often declares these spaces as “fake”. By talking about the “real” effects of virtual spaces or trying to establish links between personalities and actions online, some people try to create a division on its value. This rhetoric undermines the worth of virtual spaces, pushing them to insignificance. But can we deny their status as real? Can we just dismiss them when the effect on the physical world is evident?
I have also been exploring these questions. Thinking about the validity of virtual avatars, just because society has deemed them less valuable and real. Does my body, the meat avatar I inhabit on this world hold more validity than other characters I choose to create? The one aspect where my physical form holds superiority to these virtual representations is that throughout my life I will -potentially- spend more time in it. But that’s it. When I am online, I feel my physical body become disconnected from my persona. I am fully transferred into another space until I decide I want to come back. And more often than not it is just then that my physical body starts functioning again. I feel hunger or the need to go to the bathroom or to sleep. None of those needs registered before that moment.
[In their interview for 1843 Magazine, LaTurbo Avedon states that “my experiences in virtual places are lived and legitimate”, bringing virtual spaces to what’s “real”. By focusing on experiences rather than physicality, it is easy to realize what’s real or not. Did it happen? Did you feel it? Did it produce something in you? Then real it was. If we dismiss their “realness” by stating that they cannot be in this world, then we are as fake as they are, as we are not able to fully embody their space.
There are many things I can relate to, but I have not experienced personally. This is an amazing opportunity to ask LaTurbo Avedon about their own personal trajectory and take a step further into the world they live in.
How would you relate the experience of being an avatar to someone that believes they are simply fake instead of another form of representation?
How has your perception of the different worlds (virtual/real) changed? Has it become more diffuse or defined?
Virtual spaces are vastly untouched by politics. We have been slowly adapting to live alongside these spaces and legislations around the world have barely touched them. How would you approach a political campaign to grant avatars the status of citizens (or at least of individuals)?

industry_corpus2: Gaming


text: Sunny Abberton, a long-standing member of the Bra Boys surfer gang that calls Sydney’s Maroubra beach its home, delivers a laughably one-sided portrait of his relatives and friends with Bra Boys. A carefully manicured PR video for the infamous Bra Boys surfer community that’s been involved in riots, brawls with police, and a murder investigation during the past decade, Abberton’s film paints his brotherhood—as well as his biological brothers Jai and Koby, who in 2003 faced grave criminal charges relating to the killing of an acquaintance—as charming guys wholly undeserving of the bad rep they’ve received from the media and authorities. Whether the Bra Boys merit vilification or lionization is a question that goes unanswered by this doc, which so thoroughly avoids anything not tinted rose that it amounts to a meaningless exercise in indulgent self-congratulation. Abberton details how Maroubra beach and its cliques have provided surrogate families for kids from broken and/or unhappy homes (including himself and his siblings), along the way arguing that surfer gangs’ wildness is the byproduct of the country’s tumultuous history and a reflection of the beach’s violent waves. What he doesn’t do, however, is even feign interest in acknowledging or addressing the potential culpability of the Bra Boys in their notorious scrapes with the law and neighboring communities, instead simply presenting them as friendly members of a fraternity who promote loyalty, tolerance, altruism, and kindness. In view of this wholesale partiality, Bra Boys—narrated, with an absolute minimum of energy, by Russell Crowe—proves merely an extended commercial for the ragamuffin gang and their hard-charging surfing skills that offers scant basis for audience interest in the first place.


text: If we look at today's makeup and cosmetics for Apple watch series 4 44 мм stainless steel, we will definitely see that the range of the products available increased dramatically even comparing to the last couple of decades. Why it happened, and why it is happening now, in front of our eyes? The answer is simple — changing social situation and needs along with the burst of the chemical industry, allowing to create new textures, new products, and concepts. However, the needs of people are the key, as far meeting the customers' expectation and fulfilling their requests, especially the ones, not being proclaimed, is the main task of all the fashion industry in general.


text:
Both The Dark Knight and Forgetting Sarah Marshall made the cut on all our lists. Hm. Maybe the third Batman should be a joint production between Christopher Nolan and Judd Apatow. That could work, right?
Slumdog Millionaire shows up three times. Who’s the bum who prevented it from being a clean sweep?
Iron Man, Pineapple Express, and WALL-E are each picks for two of us.
And finally, John and I each have some singletons, with John picking 4 Months, 3 Weeks, and 2 Days, and Milk, and me channeling my inner hipster by throwing Nick and Norah’s Infinite Playlist up there.


text:
We are now accepting applications for the 1st EHDEN open call for SME Certification.
More information can be found in our SME Certification – Pilot Call Description document, or go directly to our Application Portal to submit your application.
Welcome to the website of the European Health Data & Evidence Network (EHDEN), an IMI 2 consortium with 22 partners which will operate in Europe for the coming five years, 2018 – 2024.
EHDEN was launched to address the current challenges in generating insights and evidence from real-world clinical data at scale, to support patients, clinicians, payers, regulators, governments, and the pharmaceutical industry in understanding wellbeing, disease, treatments, outcomes and new therapeutics and devices.

industry_corpus2: Biopharmaceuticals


text:
All Tech News > Mobility > Poll: Do You Have A BYOD Policy?
POLL: Cloud apps, MDM advanced and employee demand are fuelling BYOD but what does your business do?
BlackBerrys were once ubiquitous in the workplace. Employees were gifted the QWERTY devices so they could check emails on the move securely and under the control of IT.
But as BlackBerry’s advantage eroded and workers (often senior executives with a brand new iPhone) demanded the ability to use their own devices on corporate networks, Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) polices became commonplace.
The popularity of cloud applications and advances made in mobile device management (MDM) platforms have made this a reality and encouraged employees to be happier and productive.
Some companies even have Choose Your Own Device (CYOD) polices where people can actually pick their own company-owned handset.
But what does your business do? We want to know.


text:
I just knew when I saw Tyler Welle, on the day of his Wedding, that this was going to be one emotionally filled day. Tyler and Jessica have been together for 4 years, and you could tell through the friends and family that were there, this day was most anticipated. Their wedding took place at a beautiful House on the beaches of Nags Head NC. Their families had rented a 15 bedroom house, right on the water, In Kill Devil Hills ,for the week leading up to their big day.
The day was perfect, the rain stopped, and a rainbow appeared just before Jessica came down the aisle. Just wait until you see Tyler’s face when he gets his first glimpse of his beautiful bride! I really wished I had kept tissues in my coat pocket! The sun stayed out just in time for me to finish up their stunning portraits on the beach, and thank goodness because they are my favorite!


text: This report was undertaken to investigate the employment generating effects of primary forest investment in rural areas. The area studied was mid-Argyll. The findings are based on data colelcted from the Forestry Commission, private forestry groups and private estates. In addition, a survey of forest workers was carried out to gather attitudes towards forestry and to ascertain the population stability. Further information was obtained from haulage contractors, timber merchants and local saw mills. The report concludes that the forest investment is contributing to employment generation but the young age of the forest precludes the development of substantial secondary industries. The situation will improve significantly in 10-15 years’ time. Until then the planting programme should be maintained at at least current levels. The major difference between the Forestry Commission and the private sector is the much greater reliance placed on contract labour by the private sector. The contract system has advantages and disadvantages.

industry_corpus2: Agriculture & Fisheries


text:
We preserve enhancing and perfecting our goods and service. At the same time, we operate actively to do research and growth for Pvc Sheet Polyvinyl Chloride , PVC Sheet Polyvinyl Chloride , Polyvinyl Chloride Board , Our mission is usually to enable you to build long-lasting associations with your shoppers by the power of marketing products and solutions.
"The extremely rich projects management experiences and one particular to a person support model make the superior importance of small business communication and our easy understanding of your expectations for Pvc Sheet Polyvinyl Chloride , PVC Sheet Polyvinyl Chloride , Polyvinyl Chloride Board , Warmly welcome to cooperate and develop with us! we will continue to provide product with high quality and competitive price.

industry_corpus2: Manufacturing


text:
Brain training games, apps, and websites are popular and it's not hard to see why -- who wouldn't want to give their mental abilities a boost? New research suggests that brain training programs might strengthen your ability to hold information in mind, but they won't bring any benefits to the kind of intelligence that helps you reason and solve problems.
"For over 100 years, psychologists have argued that general memory ability cannot be improved, that there is little or no generalization of 'trained' tasks to 'untrained' tasks," says Tyler Harrison, graduate student and lead author of the paper. "So we were surprised to see evidence that new and untrained measures of working memory capacity may be improved with training on complex span tasks."
"This work affects nearly everyone living in the complex modern world," says Harrison, "but it particularly affects individuals that find themselves trying to do multiple tasks or rapidly switching between complex tasks, such as driving and talking on a cell phone, alternating between conversations with two different people, or cooking dinner and dealing with a crying child."
"Height and weight in human beings are also strongly correlated but few reasonable people would assume that height and weight are the same variable," explains Engle. "If they were, gaining weight would make you taller and losing weight would make you shorter -- those of us who gain and lose weight periodically can attest to the fact that that is not true."


text:
List of the best Danny Dyer movies, ranked best to worst with movie trailers when available. Danny Dyer's highest grossing movies have received a lot of accolades over the years, earning millions upon millions around the world. The order of these top Danny Dyer movies is decided by how many votes they receive, so only highly rated Danny Dyer movies will be at the top of the list. Danny Dyer has been in a lot of films, so people often debate each other over what the greatest Danny Dyer movie of all time is. If you and a friend are arguing about this then use this list of the most entertaining Danny Dyer films to end the squabble once and for all.
If you think the best Danny Dyer role isn't at the top, then upvote it so it has the chance to become number one. The greatest Danny Dyer performances didn't necessarily come from the best movies, but in most cases they go hand in hand.
Items include everything from Goodbye Charlie Bright to High Heels and Low Lifes.
"This list answers the questions, "What are the best Danny Dyer movies?" and "What are the greatest Danny Dyer roles of all time?"
Deviation is a 2011 thriller film written and directed by J.K. Amalou.
Kiss of Death is a BBC crime investigation drama, written by Barbara Machin, author of the British television crime drama series Waking the Dead.


text:
Diosdado Cabello, center, the chief of Venezuela’s ruling party, attends a parade marking the anniversary of a 1992 failed coup, Feb. 4, 2018 (AP photo by Ariana Cubillos).
Earlier this month, before leaving for a five-country trip in Latin America, U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson speculated about a potential way out of the economic and political chaos in Venezuela. Perhaps, he suggested, the best solution was a military coup d’état. “In the history of Venezuela and South American countries, it is oftentimes that the military is the agent of change when things are so bad and the leadership can no longer serve the people,” he told an audience at the University of Texas.

industry_corpus2: Politics & Administration


text:
We go back to the dark ages of wrestling again, but instead of Vince McMahon’s circus, we take a visit to Ted Turner’s favorite money pit.
We fly over the filthy, bombed-out trenches of World War I to meet our destiny with the Red Baron himself…if we live that long, that is.
Would you believe me if I told you LJN got something right? Me neither, really.
Long before Disney/Pixar made Cars, there was the original cutting-edge feature with anthropomorphic cars. And this didn’t involve Larry the Cable Guy.
Just in time for March Madness, Uncle Dave invites you to COME ON AND (College) SLAM! AND WELCOME TO THE (NBA) JAM (knockoff)!


text:
Apple Investors Vent on Dividends, but What's Next?
Apple avoided mentioning a potential dividend at its shareholder meeting on Thursday, but can investors do anything to force the issue?
NEW YORK (TheStreet) -- Apple(:AAPL) avoided mentioning a potential dividend at its shareholder meeting on Thursday, despite the company's ever-growing cash haul. With nearly $100 billion in cash on its balance sheet, calls for Apple to share some of its wealth with shareholders are reaching fever pitch.
Many commenters and tweeters on TheStreet's blog of Apple 's shareholder meeting were clamoring for a dividend announcement. "There will be some news today IMO about div.......there have been too many comments recently by CEO and CFO to leave it on the back porch," wrote mjohnh.
"Most attractive part of a possible dividend to me is the possibility of the shares being opened up to more funds," added Joe, a sentiment which was echoed elsewhere in the blog. "With a dividend, plenty of funds will now be able to purchase shares of apple," explained a commenter called John. "Will it see 600 before year end?"
There has been plenty of talk that a dividend could spur institutional investment in Apple. In a research note released on Friday JP Morgan noted that Apple's stock remains underowned institutionally. "Of the 282 mutual funds indexed to the Russell 1000, a surprising 40% do not have Apple as a top 10 holding - this despite the fact that Apple is the largest stock in the Russell 1000," explained JP Morgan analyst Thomas Lee.
There's clearly plenty of appetite for Apple to rethink its cash strategy, as evidenced by a commenter called 'p' on TheStreet's Live Blog, who urged Apple CEO Tim Cook to be more forthcoming on the dividend issue.
In a recent poll conducted by TheStreet, some 70% of respondents said that Apple should start paying a dividend again. The tech bellwether made its last dividend payment in 1995.
However, the dividend brouhaha poses the question: "Do Apple shareholders have a legal right to the cash, and could they sue Apple to get it?"
A famous example of suing a company to pay a dividend occurred almost 100 years ago, when the Dodge brothers sued Ford Motors(:F) to try to extract a dividend.
In 1916, the Dodge brothers sued Henry Ford for keeping his company's cash, nearly $60 million (remember when $60 million was a lot of money?) and not distributing it to shareholders. Ultimately, the Michigan Surpreme Court ruled in favor of the Dodge brothers and forced Ford to declare a dividend.
The major difference, however, between Apple in 2012 and Ford in 1916 is that Ford was a closely held company, says Lynn Stout, visiting professor of corporate law at Cornell Law School.
"Essentially, corporate law reserves the right to say that if the board doesn't want to pay a dividend, the only recourse shareholders have is to replace the board or get them to change their mind," Stout recently told TheStreet. "Dodge v. Ford Motor still applied to closely held companies, but Apple is a public company."
She also explained that the Dodge v. Ford is frequently mis-cited, and is not applicable in this case.
"When you look at Dodge versus Ford, it's not about the company obligation to pay a dividend, it's about the ability of a majority shareholder abusing the minority shareholders," said Nicholas Rogers, associate attorney at Gaskins Bennett Birrell Schupp LLP.
Shareholders continue to press CEO Tim Cook and his team about what Apple's intentions are for its massive cash hoard. Some Investors, however, are split on whether Apple should opt for a special one-off dividend payment or start making regular payments.
Cook has said before he is "not religious" about holding cash, potentially setting the stage for a dividend later this year. During Apple's first-quarter conference call, CFO Peter Oppenheimer said the company was "actively discussing the uses of its cash," but that it had nothing to announce at the time.
Channing Smith, portfolio manager of Capital Advisors Growth Fund said that he wants to see a dividend sometime this year. "When you look at the cash position, obviously we would like to see a healthy mix between a dividend, acquisitions and a buyback, but we wouldn't be surprised to see a dividend initiated sometime this year," Smith said over the phone recently. "Right now, the cash is an asset that's not really working for investors today."
Shareholders of companies such as Google(:GOOG) could argue against paying a dividend, as shares have performed exceedingly well since going public in 2004. The Internet giant has never paid a dividend. Microsoft(:MSFT), however, was pressured by shareholders to pay a dividend in the early 2000's, and did so by paying a special $3 dividend in 2004, in addition to buying back $30 billion worth of stock. The software giant now pays a regular quarterly dividend of 20 cents per share.
Even though there's growing pressure for Apple to start paying a dividend again, the board does not have an obligation to pay, despite investors' cries for something to be done.
"Apple has every right to its cash holdings and to reinvest as the company sees fit," said Dr. Margaret M. Blair, Professor of Law at Vanderbilt University Law School, during a recent phone interview. "If the board was doing a terrible job of reinvesting its cash, that might be a different story, but it looks like they are doing a great job of it."
Corporations are not charities, say lawyers, and are designed to earn a profit, which they can't do effectively if shareholders are demanding financial capital back. "Otherwise, corporations would have problems," Stout noted.
At the end of the first quarter of 2012, Apple had $97.6 billion in cash and cash-equivalents on its balance sheet. The tech giant has presumably passed the $100 billion mark by now, assuming the company is generating over $3 billion in free cash flow per month. (Apple had cash flow from operations of $17.5 billion in its most recent quarter).
Cook recently acknowledged that Apple has more cash than it needs, but he asked that shareholders be patient with the decision making process.
This could signal a dividend is coming sooner rather than later, but like all things Apple, it will come when they are good and ready. And not a moment too soon for many investors.

industry_corpus2: Computing & Telecommunications


text: Cafe Kinetic, the creature that arose like a phoenix from the ashes of the 2008 fire at the offices of Fifteen restaurant above, is stunning. Glossy floors, wide-open spaces, marble-topped tables, gilt-edged mirrors and chandeliers shrouded in sheer black shades are a bold statement by emerging cafe designer Rohin Adams. The two four-group La Cimbali M39 espresso machines at the door declare coffee dedication, too. Baristas are focused and eager, extracting optimum flavour from their Fairtrade organic blend. An espresso will be rich and malty, with toasty aromas and a nip of acid, while a creamy caffe latte leaves nuances of honey and cashews on the palate. Whether you spread out for a business meeting or cosy up on a banquette, enthusiastic staff will deliver your order with (kinetic) energy.

industry_corpus2: Hospitality & Catering


text:
Gadzooks! We're featured in The Deli Magazine! The Deli Magazine!!! For our show at BAMCafe this Saturday Night! (No, the Deli is not an actual Deli, it is THE website entirely focused on the New York City indie rock music scene, mp3s, blog, free music, links, reviews, interviews, band and venues, etc ...) Delicious!!!!!!
BOB FUNK! We have a song in a film!


text:
Are you constantly tensed, worried or experienced sudden and unexpected attacks ? Or Do you avoid everyday situations or activities ? Or Feeling like your mind has gone blank ? These are nothing but the symptoms of Anxiety Disorder. Anxiety is the body’s natural response to danger, like an automatic alarm that goes off when you feel scared, under pressure, or facing a stressful situation. Hence, read the complete article to know the Anxiety Disorder symptoms.
Living with Anxiety is being followed by a voice. It knows all your insecurities and uses them against you. Everyone feels anxious now and then. Because anxiety is a normal emotion. Most of us feel nervous when faced with a problem at work, while speaking with the public, before taking a test, during a job interview or making an important decision.
Anxiety Disorder is a different condition. It differs from normal feelings of nervousness or anxiousness, and involve excessive fear or anxiety. Also, the symptoms of Anxiety may vary from person to person. One may suffer from severe anxiety attacks that strike without warning, while another gets panic at the thought of mingling at a party.
Aniexty is mainly classified into six major types. Each of them is having different symptoms. But don’t worry! these anxiety disorders are treatable and a number of effective treatments are available. Remember the moment you started treating the anxiety disorder, you start feeling better. Hence, choosing the correct Anxiety Disorder Treatment helps most people to lead normal productive lives.
Having a sense of impending danger, panic or doom.
Having an increased heart rate.
Trouble concentrating or thinking about anything other than the present worry.
The Anxiety symptoms can be emotional or physical in nature. If you have an anxiety disorder, the emotional symptoms you may experience are ones that are related to feelings of fear. You may constantly feel like danger is near, and also feels like you have little control over your environment. Whereas the physical symptoms vary depending on which type of disorder you have. So, have a look at these emotional and physical symptoms.
Feelings of apprehension or dread, watching for signs of danger, anticipating the worst.
Feeling tense and jumpy, or irritable.
Headaches, stomach upset, or dizziness.
Muscle tension, tremors, and twitches.
These are the common anxiety symptoms that you might experience. If you have experienced any of the above or other than these, consult your doctor and seek treatment.
Generalized anxiety disorder or simply GAD is identified by excessive, exaggerated anxiety and worry about everyday life events with no obvious reasons for worry. People with generalized anxiety disorder symptoms tend to always expect disasters and stops worrying about their health, family, work, money, etc. In people with GAD, the worry is often unrealistic or out of proportion for the situation.
GAD is mentally and physically exhausting. It drains your energy, interferes with sleep, and wears your body out. Not everyone with this generalized anxiety disorder has the same symptoms, but most of the people will experience a combination of emotional, behavioral, and physical symptoms that often fluctuate, becoming worse at times of stress.
Restlessness or feeling wound-up or on edge.
Difficulty concentrating or having their minds go blank.
Sleep problems (difficulty falling or staying asleep or restless unsatisfying sleep).
A noticeably strong, fast or irregular heartbeat (palpitations).
Difficulty falling or staying asleep (insomnia).
Besides these physical symptoms, you may also experience some emotional symptoms such as Constant worries running through your head, inability to tolerate uncertainty, etc. People with GAD may also experience behavioral symptoms such as Difficulty concentrating or focusing on things, Impotence to relax, enjoying very less time, etc.
It’s possible to develop generalized anxiety disorder as a child or a teenager or an adult. The symptoms of Generalized anxiety disorder seems like they are similar to that of panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder and other types of anxiety, but the truth is that they are all different conditions.
Performance at studies or sporting events.
Being on time to the school (punctuality).
Earthquakes, nuclear war or other catastrophic events.
Feel overly anxious to fit in.
How to become a perfectionist in everything.
Repeating the tasks again and again until they are satisfied because they think that they are not perfect during the first time.
Spending excessive time in doing their home works.
Anxiety attacks, also known as panic attacks, are episodes of intense panic or fear. Anxiety attacks usually occur suddenly and without warning. These attacks usually peak within 10 minutes, and in a rare case only, it lasts more than 30 minutes. But during this short time, the terror can be so severe that you feel as if you are about to die or totally lose control. Hence the common Anxiety Disorder symptoms during an attack are listed below.
Sudden and repeated attacks of intense fear.
Feelings of being out of control during a panic attack.
Intense worries about when the next attack will happen.
Social anxiety disorder doesn’t always involve speaking to a crowd or being the center of attention. In most of the cases, anxiety is caused by everyday situations such as making one-on-one conversation at a party, or eating and drinking in front of even a small number of people.
In all these situations, people with social anxiety disorder tend to feel like all eyes are on them. So, they experience difficulty in talking. Also, people with social anxiety disorder may experience an intense fear of being scrutinized and negatively evaluated by others in social or performance situations. Some people literally feel sick from fear in seemingly non-threatening situations.
Feeling highly anxious about being with other people and having a hard time talking to them.
Being very afraid that other people will judge them.
Feeling very self-conscious in front of other people and worried about feeling ashamed, embarrassed, or rejected, or fearful of offending others.
Staying away from crowded places.
Blushing, sweating or twitching around other people.
Worrying for days or weeks before an event where other people will be.
Having a hard time making friends and keeping friends.
Feeling nauseous or gastro problems or simply sick to your stomach when other people are around.


text:
INTJs are systematic thinkers. Insight in conjunction with logical analysis is the essence of their approach to the world while thinking in conjunction with intuition gives their thinking a systemic quality. They enjoy solving complex problems.
INTJs have a driving need to understand, to know and to demonstrate competence in their areas of interest. They inherently trust their insights, and with their task-orientation will work intensely to make their visions into realities.
Although INTJs love theory, they also want to get things done. Ideas are to be implemented, and INTJs will work tirelessly to turn what is possible into what is real.
INTJs are not afraid to think any thought, knowing that all ideas need not be applied or acted upon. They naturally find relationships among disparate theories and systems of knowledge. They want, indeed must, see the big picture.
INTJs want and need challenge. They have a driving need to be competent, and they often set high standards for themselves. They are always analyzing their own actions with an eye to improvement. Whether the focus of their attention is an idea, a person, a product, or a system, INTJs are constantly thinking of improvement.
Looking into the future, seeing trends, and engaging in long-range planning are often areas of interest and skill for INTJs.
INTJs often have interests in scientific and theoretical pursuits, but may have interests in any field where wide-ranging thought is required. With business interests, and with their eye to systems and improvement, they are often found in management and planning.


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The IT community remembered late June, 2017, due to massive infection of many largest companies and government institutions in Ukraine, Russia, Germany, France and some other countries with a new ransomware Petya (NotPetya). In most cases, after its penetration into a corporate network Petya quickly spread to all computers and servers of a domain, thus paralysing up to 70-100% of all Windows infrastructure. Though one of the methods Petya used to spread to the network computers was the EternalBlue exploit (like in case with WannaCry malware), but it was not the main channel of the ransomware distribution. Unlike WCry, spreading only due to the SMBv1 vulnerability, NotPetya had been designed to attack corporate networks. After the system had been infected, the malware obtained the credentials (passwords, hashes) of computer users with the help of the publicly available Mimikatz tool and used them to spread further in the network via WMI and PsExec, up to total control over the domain. So, to protect against it, it was not enough just to install MS17-010 security update.
In this article, we’ll look at the basic techniques for defending Windows systems in the Active Directory domain against Mimikatz-like tools attacks .
Using sekurlsa module, Mimikatz allows to extract passwords and hashes of the authenticated users that are stored in LSASS.EXE (Local Security Subsystem Service ) system process. We have already had an article giving the example of using mimikatz to get user passwords in clear text (from WDigest, LiveSSP and SSP).
In the article following the link above, you can see how using the debug privilege allows Mimikatz to get access to LSASS system process and extract passwords from it.
By default, the permissions to use debug mode are given to the group of local administrators (BUILTIN\Administrators). Although in 99% of cases the administrators do not use this feature (as a rule, it is necessary for system programmers), so for the security purposes it is better to disable SeDebugPrivilege. You can do it using GPO (local or domain one). Go to Computer Configuration -> Windows Settings -> Security Settings -> Local Policies -> User Rights Assignment and enable the policy Debug Program. Add the domain group of users to it who may need debug privileges (as a rule, these are the developers) or leave this group empty so that nobody has these privileges.
WDigest protocol appeared in Windows XP and was used to perform HTTP Digest Authentication that used user passwords in clear text. The feature to totally prohibit storing passwords in clear text in LSASS appeared in Windows 8.1 and Server 2012 R2. To prohibit storing WDigest in the memory, in these OSs there is the DWORD parameter with the name UseLogonCredential and the value 0 in the following branch of the registry: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\SecurityProviders\WDigest.
If you want to completely disable WDigest authentication method, set the value of Negotiate parameter to 0 in the same registry branch (HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\SecurityProviders\WDigest).
To enable this feature in Windows 7, 8 and Windows Server 2008 R2 / 2012, install KB2871997 update and then set these keys in the registry. In the domain environment, it is easier to distribute the registry keys using GPO.
Tip. If you want to disable storing WDigest in the memory, first of all test if users and applications are correctly authenticated on your IIS servers.
In Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2, there appeared an opportunity to enable LSA protection that provided LSA memory protection and prevented unprotected processes from accessing to it. To enable this type of protection, create RunAsPPL parameter with the value 1 in the following registry branch: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\LSA.
ERROR kuhl_m_securlsa_acquireLSA : Handle on memory (0x00000005).
An obsolete protocol of LM authentication, an storing LM hashes, respectively, should be disabled using Network Security: Do Not Store LAN Manager Hash Value On Next Password Change group policy (on the level of Default Domain Policy).
Then you should stop using at least NTLMv1 protocol (the policy in the section Computer Configuration -> Policies -> Windows Settings -> Security Settings -> Local Policies -> Security Options — Network Security: Restrict NTLM: NTLM authentication in this domain), or NTLMv2 as well, which is even better.
If disabling NTLMv1 usually goes without any problems, you will have to put some effort to disable NTLMv2. In the large infrastructures, as a rule, they come to the scenario of maximum restriction on using NTLMv2. It means, Kerberos authentication should be used wherever it is possible (you will have to spend some time setting Kerberos authentication on IIS and SQL), and the rest of the systems should retain NTLMv2.
You should explicitly prohibit storing user passwords in AD in clear text. To do it, enable the domain policy Store password using reversible encryption for all users in the domain in the Computer Configuration -> Windows Settings ->Security Settings -> Account Policies -> Password Policy section and set its value to Disabled.
When using the functional level of Windows Server 2012 R2 domain, you can use a special security group Protected Users to protect privileged users. In particular, these accounts are protected against compromise due to the fact that the members of the group can authenticate only using Kerberos (no NTLM, WDigest or CredSSP, etc.). Follow the link above to get more information. It is better to add the accounts of domain and servers administrators, to this group. This feature is available on the servers and will be available in Windows Server 2012 R2 (for Windows Server 2008 R2 you will have to install the above mentioned KB2871997 update).
You can prevent domain users from storing their passwords in Credential Manager to access the network resources.
To do it, enable Network access: Do not allow storage of passwords and credentials for network authentication policy in the Computer Configuration -> Windows Settings ->Security Settings ->Local Policies ->Security Options section.
Note. Please, note that the storage of passwords will also be forbidden for the Task Scheduler jobs.
One of mimikatz features is getting hashes of user passwords from HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SECURITY\Cache key of the registry, where the password hashes of last 10 (by default) logged on domain users are saved. Usually these hashes can be used to authenticate users in the system if the domain controller is not available.
It is recommended to prohibit storing the cached credentials by enabling Interactive Logon: Number of previous logons to cache (in case domain controller is not available) policy in Computer Configuration -> Windows Settings -> Local Policy -> Security Options by changing the value of its parameter to 0.
Also, to accelerate LSASS memory clear from the credentials of logged off users, create a DWORD parameter with the name TokenLeakDetectDelaySecs and the value of 30 in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa. It means that the memory will be cleared in 30 seconds after the user has logged off. In Windows 7, 8/ Server 2008R2, 2012, you will have to install the above-mentioned KB2871997 update to make this key work.
In Windows 10 Enterprise, Windows Server 2016 a new component, Credential Guard, has appeared that allows to isolate and protect LSASS from unauthorized access. For more information, click here.
The methods considered above allow to considerably restrict the opportunities of mimikatz and other tools to obtain passwords and hashes of the administrators from LSASS and the system registry. Anyway, if you decided to implement these policies and methods, you should do it step-by-step with mandatory testing.
In the next article we’ll consider the best practices to improve safety in Windows networks due to the restrictions of using administrator accounts that should improve the protection of Windows domain against such attacks on the technical and organizational levels. Watch for updates!


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Cambria Hotels made a splash recently when they opened their first Philadelphia location in the heart of Center City. The Cambria Hotel Philadelphia Downtown – Center City, as it is officially named, will feature 223 guest rooms, says the Hotel Management website. The building is 15 stories and is topped with a roof-level indoor/outdoor bar with over 3,000 square feet of lounge space.
The new Cambria Hotel is situated in the posh Avenue of the Arts neighborhood at 219 S. Broad Street, in the theater district. It is within walking distance to the Kimmel Center, Academy of the Arts, Rittenhouse Square Park, Reading Terminal Market, City Hall, and the Pennsylvania Convention Center, as well as world-class dining and shopping. As for dining, guests need not go far – the Cambria Hotel will host Del Frisco’s Grille on the ground floor, with handcrafted food and drink options, as well as local brews on tap. It is easily accessible by commuters and travelers alike, with the Comcast and Aramark headquarters nearby, as well as several other major corporations.
“The City of Brotherly Love is steeped in rich culture and history with an enviable food and craft beer scene. The Cambria Hotel Philadelphia Downtown – Center City allows modern travelers to immerse themselves in the essence of the city. As a newly constructed building, the property is the newest hotel on Broad Street and offers upscale amenities, thoughtfully inspired local design, and will have the only rooftop bar and restaurant on the street,” Janis Cannon, SVP, upscale brands at Choice Hotels, said in a statement to Hotel Management’s website.
The hotel comes equipped with several top-of-the-line features, like Bluetooth-enabled mirrors in the bathrooms (don’t ask me what that means), a fully-equipped fitness center, 2,500 square feet of multifunction meeting space and business center, gorgeous art by Philadelphia-based artist and illustrator Hawk Krall, and contemporary-styled living spaces with cozy bedding.


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Help children learn how to spell the numbers one to ten with these useful cards. Quick and easy to cut or slice!
Here's a set of printable word cards for ordinal numbers - first to tenth.


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A Wisconsin woman said she suffered second-degree burns after her Fitbit device exploded.
MILWAUKEE, Wisconsin (KTRK) -- A Wisconsin woman said she sustained second-degree burns after her Fitbit fitness tracker exploded on her wrist.
Diana Mitchell had only owned her Fitbit Flex 2 for two weeks when the alleged incident occurred as she was reading a book. She said there was no indication that there was anything wrong with the device.
"The Fitbit itself is totally melted. The bracelet melted, and I got pieces of plastic burned into my arm," she told WTMJ-TV.
Mitchell said her doctor had to pick pieces of plastic out of her wound. A local emergency care provider confirmed that Mitchell was treated the day after she said the explosion occurred.
The Fitbit does come with a warning, cautioning consumers that "the device contains electrical equipment that could cause injury if not handled properly."
Fitbit officials have issued a statement saying that they are investigating the incident. They said they are not aware of any similar complaints.


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Kid conversations are the best!
Neighbor’s little girl: Good morning!
NLG: Yeah. And look at the puke on the sidewalk!
Mom: Come on, we gotta go!
She walks a few feet, turns around.
NLG: AND HAVE A GOOD DAY!
What have been your first conversations today?


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What Occurred To Fashion Truthful? Why The Black Cosmetics Brand Is So Laborious To Find.
Lodges dekat Fashion Truthful Mall – menawarkan pilihan resort terbaik di Fashion Fair Mall dengan harga bersaing. Among different adjustments, Rogers introduced in movie star make-up artist Sam Effective, known for making up the faces of supermodels including Iman and Tyra Banks, to create a line of make-up. For the completion choose from one of the vibrant ranges of Fashion Fair lipsticks Attempt a shiny Lip Teaser for stand out lip color that lasts all evening.
This is for 1 new full measurement Fashion Fair Perfume Sheer Basis Liquid within the shade listed within the title and proven beneath. The mall has had a tough 12 months in 2016, shedding several notable shops including Gap, Hole Kids, ANGL, Best Purchase Mobile, Verizon, Macy’s Woman, Slam X Hype, The Restricted, Men’s Wearhouse and Orange Julius.
Department shops account for about 27 percent of all U.S. cosmetics sales, based on NPD Group, a Port Washington, N.Y.-based mostly market analysis agency. In 1996, Weinstock’s guardian firm Broadway Department Stores merged with competitor Federated Division Shops.
Extra big adjustments are on the way in which at Fashion Honest, too, as Anthropologie prepares to move to Fig Garden Village. Throughout the country, Fashion Honest cosmetics can be found at 500 malls, together with Macy’s, Carson’s and Dillard’s.
Throughout her visit to Fashion Truthful’s offices, Waldon tried the foundation and a brightly colored eye shadow called Furious. This talc-free, silky cream slides on with ease and dries to a lasting powder finish. When traveling to Fashion Fair Mall use Moovit’s Stay Directions with Get Off Notifications to know precisely where and the way far to walk, how lengthy to wait to your line , and what number of stops are left.
A $10 skirt from Forever21 can end up wanting higher than a $300 skirt from a designer with just a couple quick stitches. We buy tickets on-line, buy toys on-line, for most, buy low-cost title model garments on-line. Lowering a $2,000 item to $1,500 remains to be a discount, but it’s clearly not cheap. In the sale part, this improbable designer retailer can positively provide low-cost fashion for you.
We make it straightforward for everyone who need information on low cost clothes shops here! Much more stunning is that someone with taste is behind it, meaning these discount-priced clothes are actually quite good wanting. At Missrebel, we’re Cheap Ladies’s clothes UK leaders, we like to hold our trendy Low-cost Fashion Clothes in any respect-time low costs, and our buyer satisfaction sky excessive.
I almost didn’t function Fashion Remix as a result of so much of the stock is means over the $35 mark. Not only can we promote Low cost Clothes Online, however we go one step further and supply enormous ranges of affordable accessories including tote baggage, purses, clutch bags, belts and far more, guaranteeing something to satisfy each need.
Celeb style does not imply high prices as we provide Low-cost Clothes options so you can put on star studded attire for just a touch of the worth, together with the styles of Mila Kunis, Jessica Alba, Michelle Keegan, J Lo, Cheryl Cole, Amanda Holden, Paris Hilton, and plenty of more.
Child clothes shops are stores which focus on promoting clothes for infants. Other than on-line shops, a variety of child garments shops together with nicely-known ones like Granny-Made, Trash and Vaudeville, Calypso, City Monster, Daffy’s-Midtown Clothing, Macy’s Clothes, Sam & Seb, Saks Fifth Avenue, Outdated Navy and lots of more may be present in most communities.
Therefore the perfect suggestion is to spend money on advertising the clothes retailer. Managers all the time discover what you’re sporting once you apply for jobs at a clothing retailer. By offering as much data as potential in regards to the clothing on the web site, you offers you website online visitors extra reasons to purchase what it’s important to provide.
New York has a seemingly countless supply of one of the best clothing shops, from consignment shops to classic garments outlets , that span hundreds of styles and worth factors. Prairie Cottons, provides handmade clothes and niknaks for infants, and Child Gassy Gooma, caters to each baby boys and girls with darling outfits.
Many instances a store owner will mistakenly suppose everyone likes her style of clothing. Right here, you’ll find minimalist, glossy fashion styles for men and women at above-common costs (but with the quality to again them up). However, girls of their lives are additionally likely to shop and purchase clothes for males, so women will store at males’s clothing shops as effectively.
SEATTLE — For many people, shopping for clothing online isn’t well worth the trouble of getting a pair of pants or a shirt that does not fit. For clothes: Zara, The Actual Real is also nice (I’ve only tried it a couple of instances), Reformation, and for equipment, I typically get them at Zjoosh. Tell all your different college pals about them so they cease wasting money on costly garments. Mod Offers is a web based women’s fashion store that sells equipment, jewelry, purses and beauty merchandise.
I store online for many of my sporting put on( I love Underarmour), but for my informal garments I nonetheless do retail shops. I used to be desirous about on-line purchasing for footwear and garments and just puzzled if anybody has good expertise buying online for them.
You should buy one pair of footwear and get one other pair for $5. The skirts and attire are fashionable and tremendous low cost. I only buy t-shirts in XL on-line, as a result of that is the only form of clothing I know for a reality won’t have a problem becoming me. Shorts and pants can be the identical waist dimension yet one will be tighter than the opposite.
Most manufacturers have a typical sizing chart they use for all their clothing, however many on-line stores promote objects from a variety of producers. I’ve a short torso and extensive shoulders, so it’s extremely laborious for me to suit into formal garments. Then after buying only one on the outlet retailer, I can go surfing and buy direct from them or even Amazon.


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Renovations Announced at Casa Madrona in Sausalito, Calif.
After a year-long, multi-million dollar renovation, Casa Madrona Hotel & Spa in Sausalito now boasts a 3,000-square-foot spa specializing in water therapy, as well as a revamp of the guestrooms and lobby.
Originally opened in 1885, the hotel emphasizes its waterfront location in design and décor updates, including shelves made from recycled sea glass in the spa and cottage rooms and nautical accents in the lobby. So far, 46 of the 63 guestrooms have been updated (including 15 of 22 primo cottage rooms); the remaining rooms will be finished by the end of 2011.
Get a taste of the city’s food scene with Casa Madrona’s Simply Sausalito package, which includes $30 towards breakfast at CIBO (featuring local and seasonal ingredients) and $100 for dinner at Sushi Ran. The package is available through December 31; July rates start at $328/night.
For general trip-planning information, see our San Francisco Travel Guide.


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