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Harmony, beauty and perfection at work here. The ties between people are strong. An overwhelming responsibility for close companions. Dedication.
The end of a relationship. A sense of unfulfillment. Dissatisfaction. Sadness.
A benevolent angel looks down in blessing on Adam and Eve figures in the Garden of Eden. Eve stands before the Tree of Knowledge with the serpent and the apples, and Adam stands in front of what could be either the Burning Bush or the Tree of Life. A mountain rises between them in the background.
The Garden of Eden from which Adam and Eve were expelled are not the Garden of Eden depicted in this card. In The Lovers, Adam and Eve are saved by their choices rather than being expelled for them. Their appreciation for each other's spiritual and sexual selves are necessary in order to be happy on the material plane. The angel above them recognizes this and blesses their union. Despite the name and the reference to Adam and Eve, this card is more about choice than it is about love. It is about making choices clearly, keeping consequences firmly in mind. Along with the theme of choice, it also does mean marriage and union, and commitment to the choices that one has already made, both romantically and otherwise. Through the angel's blessing, the fruits of the Tree of Knowledge and the fruits of the Tree of Life, represented by the woman and man respectively, are joined together to form a cohesive whole. The mountain between them shows that this union takes place via sexual love. In a reading, this card signifies the importance of love in a person's life, the kind of love which is referred to here is usually long-term. As stated, it is also primarily a card about choice, and how it affects these long-term relationships. It also may mean a slavish devotion to a relationship that is long gone, a relationship that is now given too much importance for the individual to move on. A union may yield fruitful results for the individual, particularly if it is a union that has received the sanction of friends and family.


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“Saturday Night Live” mocked now-alleged felon Jussie Smollett, saying that the “Empire” actor “broke humanity” with his hate hoax.
Left-wing filmmaker Rob Reiner declared that President Trump is the “enemy of the people” in a social media rant Wednesday.
Saturday Night Live star Pete Davidson joined the left-wing backlash against Louis C.K. during a stand up set Monday, joking about the comedian’s death on stage.
Saturday Night Live star Pete Davidson reportedly has the full support of Lorne Michaels after he said “i really don’t want to be on this earth anymore” on social media over the weekend.
HOUSTON (AP) — A Texas Republican congressional candidate has chided “Saturday Night Live” comic Pete Davidson for poking fun at the eyepatch he wears because he was badly wounded during his third tour in Afghanistan as a Navy SEAL.

industry_corpus2: Film & Entertainment


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Treat have been one of my favourite bands, ever since picking up a copy of 'Dreamhunter' way back in 1987. At the time I rated them as good as Europe, and with their absolutely stunning comeback album 'Coup De Grace' in 2010, I would say they are now head and shoulders above their fellow Swedes. It was a personal coup getting the band over to play Firefest 3 in 2006, a show that was filmed and included for free on the re-issue of 'Scratch And Bite' by Universal. It was a mere forty-five minute long, but it served to demonstrate just what a tight and amazing band Treat are, and up till now was the only official Treat DVD available.
Which bring us to 'The Road More Or Less Traveled' (and I do hope they change that horrendous American spelling before release), filmed in 2016 at the third annual Frontiers Festival just outside Milan in Italy. At this time the band were supporting their latest album, 'Ghost Of Graceland', which while not reaching the same levels of brilliance as '...Grace' in my opinion, still contained a multitude of wonderful songs. So now the band had two recent albums to cherry-pick tracks from, as well as their extensive back catalogue, and all things considered they came up with a delightful set-list. Opening up with the triple combination of 'Ghost Of Graceland', 'Better The Devil You Know' and 'Nonstop Madness' from the new album, the band also included highlights from '...Grace' in the shape of 'Skies Of Mongolia', 'Roar', 'Paper Tiger' and 'We Own The Night' alongside classic fan favourites 'Get You On The Run', 'Conspiracy' and 'Ready For The Taking' before ending, as usual, in the massive crowd-participation sing-along that is 'World Of Promises'. So the set-list cannot be faulted.
Unfortunately, just as with the Helloween DVD reviewed elsewhere this issue, the production company brought in to do the filming simply are not masters of their trade. Once again there are no spotlights out front, meaning the stage is in darkness most of the time. The shots are mainly perfunctory with the editing simple and not exciting. So in the final analysis, the DVD is amazing to listen to, but so incredibly disappointing to watch. This is supposedly the first of several live DVD releases from Frontiers Fest, but if the others suffer from the same lack of visual quality, then this is an opportunity well and truly missed and must be fixed for future events.


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Alex Crilly-Mckean, New world, new dangers. Welcome to WatchMojo.com and today we are counting down our picks for the Top 10 Isekai Anime. For this list, we’ll be looking at the best examples of the anime subgenre that involves an average joe being transported into a vast fantasy world. Get ready for some fish out of water stories where they’re just many laughs as there are deaths. Keep in mind, we won’t be including any reverse-isekai anime, so sorry to say you won’t be seeing Re:Creators or The Devil is a Part-Timer on here.
New world, new dangers. Welcome to WatchMojo.com and today we are counting down our picks for the Top 10 Isekai Anime.
For this list, we’ll be looking at the best examples of the anime subgenre that involves an average joe being transported into a vast fantasy world. Get ready for some fish out of water stories where they’re just many laughs as there are deaths. Keep in mind, we won’t be including any reverse-isekai anime, so sorry to say you won’t be seeing Re:Creators or The Devil is a Part-Timer on here.
Have you ever wondered what would happen if a modern military took on the might of an empire made of dragons, elves and magic? Well wonder no longer. After the titular gate opens up and invaders attack Tokyo, Japan sends in its task force in order to retaliate and occupy the foreign territory. If you like your characters smart, precise and open to employing a little thing called strategy, then this is the one for you. Don’t get us wrong, you’ll still get to see a dragon taken out by a rocket launcher, but the sensibleness that comes from the soldiers is still a breath of fresh air.
Yes, yes, everyone has their opinion about this anime. What can’t be denied, however, is that its polarizing status has also made it one of the most popular isekai series out there. After finding themselves trapped inside a virtual reality video game, future lovebirds Kirito and Asuna must band together to dungeon crawl their way to freedom, all the while taking down other players, monsters and each other between the sheets. Revelling in the OP’ness of its characters and some admittedly sweet fight scenes, you’d do well to check out this series for yourself before deciding whether its infamy is warranted or not.
Each iteration of this beloved franchise gives us a new band of Digidestined along with their digital partners, but to our mind, there’s no beating the original group of kids who first stepped foot onto the shores of the Digital World. With the power of friendship and some badass Digivolutions, Tai and company have to battle against the forces of darkness in order to protect both of their homes from facing deletion. The action scenes are awesome, the dynamic between the kids is engrossing, and there’s a surprising amount of heart at its core.
A Japanese salary-man gets reincarnated as a nine year old girl and forced to fight in a magical war on behalf of pseudo-Germany…because they pissed off God. Welcome to Tanya’s world. The crazy premise doesn’t even begin to quantify just how ridiculous this series is, thankfully for all the right reasons. With a trigger finger that can drop enemy soldiers like flies and the scariest smile ever put to animation, Tanya’s new life as a squadron commander is a bombastic ride for beginning to end. We honestly can’t wait to see where the war takes her next.
Another day, another anime about a guild of players trapped inside a video game. It may be a familiar premise but trust us when we say this one perfects the basics to the point where even the traditional storyline is given new life. With a delightful cast including master enchanter Shiroe at the helm, this series gives you everything you could possible want from a classic fantasy tale…if the protagonists just happened to be veteran MMORPG players. As such, expect to seem plenty of upper-tier spells lighting up the screen.
From the beautifully, batshit mind that brought us Hellsing, this unorthodox gorefest sees prominent historical figures brought together by an omnipotent being in order to fight against some of time’s deadliest villains. One moment you’ll see famed swordsman Toyohisa Shimazu slicing through guards to protect a group of elves, and the next you’ll have Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid gunning down all orcs while escaping from a burning city. Oh, and they’re main foe is someone who could potentially be Jesus Christ. You have to experience this incredible insanity for yourself.
Unable to be apart for a single moment without breaking down, spending every hour of every day owning people at video games, siblings Sora and Shiro really didn’t have that many career prospects going their way. That is, until they find themselves transported to a fantasy world where gaming literally decides everything. With their unparalleled skills, the two soon find themselves leading the remnants of humanity to reclaiming its former glory as its new monarchs. Guess NEETS do have it in them to change the world.
Make no mistake, this isn’t the story of a hero. This is the rise of the most powerful villain in all of creation. After finding himself trapped inside his in-game Avatar, player turned unbeatable undead Ainz Ooal Gown decides to employ his overwhelming power in the best way possible; rule over everything and anything. Watching him employ his unbeatable power and a host of dynamic monster guardians, Ainz’s conquest is beyond the pale of entertaining. He may be far from hateable, but the Ruler of Nazarick would rather see humanity bend the knee to his will than protect the innocent. Yet we still love him for it.
The world is vibrant. The lore is entrancing. It looks like it would be an adventurer’s paradise. At least it would…just so long as you don’t end up joining this particular party. After suffering a less-than dignified death, resident lovable douche Kazuma finds himself being transported to an RPG World, where he soon finds himself embroiled with three ladies who are more hindering than helpful. A goddess who is all but useless. A knight with an extreme masochistic edge. A mage who only knows how to make things blow up. Needless to say, this is the antithesis of your average fantasy anime, and it is bloody hilarious.
Death may not be the end of everything, but that doesn’t make it any less unpleasant. Stranded in a world with danger literally around every turn, our unfortunate hero Subaru finds himself intrinsically intertwined with the fate of the land and its inhabitants. Just one little problem. Every time he dies, he is brought back in time right to the moment where he first arrived. Spoilers, he dies a lot. While the medley of gruesome deaths aren’t exactly pleasant to witness, seeing Subaru overcome his suffering in order to save his new friends still makes for one hell of a watch. Plus, this show has Rem, what more do you need?


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The Art of Living Centre aims to make life a celebration. Their personal development programs (which are not just physical yoga), combine the mystical and modern to help you create a life of purpose, joy, and confidence. The centre teaches people how to eliminate stress and enjoy life to the fullest. Good stuff!
Awfully pricey, but super worth it; Dessange is well known for its salon and spa, but did you know you can also find your way to fitness here? Yoga is on the menu as well as free motion, pilates, and a sauna and jacuzzi where you can relax after your workout. It’s super chic and beautiful inside, you may just want to live there.
Namaste offers a holistic experience of the healing power of yoga in a caring, upscale, and professional environment. Aside from the classic yoga sessions, Namaste also offers Levitation, which is a yoga class taught with the body (or parts of it) supported by a yoga swing suspended from the ceiling! That just makes things super exciting.
Aside from jazz and dance, Ballare offers Stretch and Flexibility, Yoga, Yogalates, Ashtanga Yoga, and Body Balance to increase the body’s flexibility and gain endurance. In addition, these classes focus on the mind, increasing circulation, and stimulating the internal organs whilst toning the body and creating a strong, centered mind.
Pure Yoga separates the core practice of yoga from the cultural practices that have traditionally surrounded it, thus the byword “pure”. The premiere hot yoga experience includes a sequence of 26 postures, performed in a room heated to 400-430C designed to systematically work and detoxify every part of the body.
Studio RCT stands for Rehabilitation, Contrology, Therapies, a functional training studio in the heart of Bahrain. A Pilates advocate, Roberta (the founder), is also a certified teacher trainer at Yoga Alliance after having completed 500 hrs. of intensive training. Studio RCT aims to provide a holistic centre where individuals can find alternative therapies through body movement.
Aside from the usual strengthening and conditioning classes you have come to expect in Fitness First, they also offer Hatha Yaga and Flow Yoga. Fitness First has many branches throughout Bahrain, equipped with the best modern facilities and specialist personal trainers providing their expertise in cardio, yoga, and weight management.
Bodyline is a 20-year old sports and spa center in Saar that provides people with the means to achieve their fitness, health, and beauty goals. Aside from yoga and group exercise classes, they also have relaxing spa treatments and a cafe to enjoy light meals. After a challenging yoga session, you can opt to pamper yourself in the spa or take some refreshments in the beautiful atmosphere.
The Bahrain Wellness Resort is the Gulf’s first and largest center for internationally accepted Alternative Medicine Systems like Ayurveda, Naturopathy, and Yoga. (Imagine doing yoga in the lush surroundings!) You will find here all you require for a healthy body, a sound mind, and a peaceful spirit.
Although yoga at the Ritz is a members-only privilege, it is worth it to try a fitness membership in this tranquil and luxurious place. The experience as the Ritz-Carlton would say is immersive and vacation-worthy, something we have come to associate yoga with: lush surroundings, peaceful mind, and a healthy, toned body.
What is your favorite place to do yoga in Bahrain?

industry_corpus2: Health & Medicine


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This property sold for $460,000 over 1 year ago.
Bright & Airy 4 Bed, 3 Bath Hampton Model POOL Home in Prestigious Pembroke Falls – Cascades Executives. Featuring: Remodeled Kitchen, Custom Wood Cabinetry, Granite Countertops & Island, Stainless Steel Appliances, Spacious Master Suite, Walk-in Closet, Dual Vanities, Soaking Tub, Neutral Wood & Tile Flooring, New A/C & W/H, Expansive Covered Patio, Refreshing Heated Freeform Salt Pool and Spa, Natural Gas, Fenced Grounds and Tropical Landscaping …. THE PERFECT FAMILY HOME! Resort Style Clubhouse, Heated Swimming Pool, Spa, Fitness Center, 8 Tennis & 6 Basketball Courts, Ballroom, Tot-Lots, 4–24hr Manned Secure Entrances, Activities Director & Onsite Management. HOA includes: HD Cable, Wireless Internet & Alarm Monitoring. Conveniently Located Close to I-75, Shopping, Dining & Schools.

industry_corpus2: Real Estate & Construction


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The study and practice of endodontics in Australia has come a long way since its humble beginnings in the 1960’s. The Australian Society of Endodontology with over 500 members is the biggest society associated with the Australian Dental Association. The majority of its members are general practitioners with an interest in tooth preservation. The Society publishes 3 issues annually of the Australian Endodontic Journal, which is currently under the Editorship of Ralph Reid. There are 5 State branches with a Federal umbrella body. The State branches act independently, with the Federal body coordinating items of interest to all State branches and Federal touring lecturers.
The major development of endodontics in Australia began in the1950’s and early 1960’s with the return of Australian Dentists who had gone abroad for further study and discovered a whole new world of endodontic practice in the United States, in Scandinavia and to a lesser extent in the United Kingdom. These men were fired with enthusiasm and the only way they were able to continue to learn was by establishing small study clubs whose members were eager to learn chiefly by their own research efforts, literature reviews and self criticism and mutual advice of failed cases. These study clubs eventually amalgamated to a federal umbrella body (The ASE Inc.); and all changed their names to The ASE (State Branch).
In addition a specialist body of endodontologists known as The Australian and New Zealand Academy of Endodontists was formed by 1993. This society is open only to those who have advanced training in endodontics or are registered under a “Grandfather Clause”.
Endodontics is taught as a separate discipline in all 5 universities in Australia.
Adapted from The Australian Endodontic Newsletter – March 1993, Volume 18, Number 3 (Special Issue) Edited by Dr F J Harty.


text: Need to book Copthorne taxis? Then look no further. ubiCabs is the number one way to book a taxi online, covering more of Sussex than anyone else. Whether you're in Copthorne and need a taxi to the airport or you're looking for an asap Copthorne cab, ubiCabs is the online taxi booker you need. Our selection of Copthorne taxi companies are compared to bring you the best quote for your journey and you'll see the price before you book. All the Copthorne minicabs in one place, just waiting for your click. Enjoy the ride.

industry_corpus2: Transportation


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York is a leading centre for research and teaching in phonetics and phonology, in first and second language acquisition.
Our team specialises in the study of phonological development. Our research focuses on infants and toddlers, including observational studies of production and experimental studies of word recognition and word learning. We study the relationship between babble and early words, and the shaping of a child's knowledge of the sound system of the language they are learning. We also study how the speech of the adults around them affects infants' learning.
In the York BabyLab we study many different aspects of this question. We want to know how much parents’ different ways of talking to their children help the children to learn. We are also interested in how babies’ own babbling, and later, their different ways of forming words affect the way they listen to speech and learn more words.
We study children who are slow to begin speaking, to try to explain why some children catch up quickly while others go on to have long-term language problems. And we are interested in how children remember language, and how this is affected by what they already know and the words they are already using.
We use different methods to study these questions: In some cases we visit babies’ homes to record them, in others the family comes to the lab to perform different tasks. We are learning a lot from these activities – and we think the families enjoy them too, not least the babies, for whom everything is new!
It has been well established that infants develop knowledge of the patterns of the native language over the course of the first year of life. At the same time, in parallel, vocal development is marked by a critical milestone at about 6-8 months, with the emergence of canonical babbling (e.g., bababa, dadada – the first adult-like syllable production). One of our major interests is the question of when and how these two strands – advances in infants’ perception and production – come together and influence one another.
Although a baby’s first words are often relatively accurate, in the period that follows we typically find a ‘regression’ in accuracy, with the baby’s words tending to become more similar due to the emergence of one or more production routines or ‘word templates’. We are interested in the ways in which these phonological templates first appear and later fade, in how they differ by ambient language and by individual child within a single language group. Another important question is the extent to which these production templates affect the way children process the speech they hear and the way they remember it – a critical part of new word learning. We are also interested in possible clinical applications of the concept.
Infants have been shown to be attracted to the variable melodic patterns of ‘infant-directed’ input speech, or ‘baby talk’. Although this speech register is thought to be nearly universal, the style of speech used with babies varies from one culture to another and also between families within a single culture. We are interested in learning more about how these differences affect children’s word learning.
This study, run in collaboration with Rory DePaolis at James Madison University, aimed to find out at what age British and American infants begin to be able to recognise words embedded within a sentence. We had observed in the past that American babies seemed to be able to do this earlier than British babies and we obtained a year’s worth of research funding from the ESRC to try and work out why.
Studies have shown that infants in the first months of life can distinguish most of the speech sounds used in different languages, whereas adults have a great deal of trouble learning to hear differences between sounds that don’t occur in their language. The shift away from the ‘universal listening’ of infants seems to occur already toward the end of the first year of life.
Collaboration among c. 60 baby labs worldwide.
In this study, multiple labs across the world all run the same experiment: contrasting infants' responses to different styles of adult speech. Comparing results from those different labs will allow us to understand how different cultures and languages affect infant language learning. It will also allow a review of different research methods used by different labs to understand their strengths and weaknesses and improve standards.
This study is funded by the Association for Psychological Science (APS).
We are interested in piloting a new app we have developed, the BabblePlay app, with young babies aged 6-8 months. The app responds to sounds the babies make with moving colourful shapes. We hope that once babies see this interesting moving display every time that they vocalise, they will understand that if they vocalise again more shapes will appear. This should, hopefully, encourage them to vocalise more. The ultimate aim of this project is to use this app as a way of encouraging babies to vocalise more, which we believe might help them to start saying words a little earlier. At this stage we are simply trying to find out whether babies can learn to interact with the app, or in other words, whether they seem to understand that the shapes appear because they are vocalising. For this we will measure whether the babies vocalise more when playing with the app than when interacting (or playing) with objects that do not respond to their vocalisations.
This cross-linguistic study ran in 2010, jointly with Rory DePaolis, Ghada Khattab and Sophie Wauquier, and was funded by the ESRC. We worked with colleagues elsewhere in the UK and in France and studied children learning English (in and around York), French (in Paris) and Arabic (in the Lebanon) and looked at the sorts of patterns that toddlers use in each language when listening to and producing words. We followed a small group of children in all three countries over the course of a year, recording and transcribing their speech.
Late talkers are defined as children who have produced few words and no combinations by age two. Many of these children are ‘late bloomers’, who catch up with their peers within a few months. Children who fail to show rapid advance before age 3 may be at risk for either Specific Language Impairment or Dyslexia. We have conducted a study funded by the ESRC to establish the role of phonetic and phonological difficulties in predicting later lexical and grammatical advance.
This is a study we ran a few years ago in Wales (see DePaolis, Vihman and Keren-Portnoy, 2011. For a recent replication in Italian see Majorano, Vihman and DePaolis, 2013). It investigates the way in which what an infant can say affects the way they listen to the speech they hear. What we find is that early on infants are mostly drawn to the sounds in the surrounding speech that they can already produce. Later they begin to be more attracted to sounds they are not yet producing, but that are within their reach.
Marilyn Vihman is a developmental linguist with a primary interest in phonological development. She is best known for her book, Phonological Development: The origins of language in the child, published in 1996. This provides surveys of research on both infant speech perception and early vocal and phonological development. A revised edition, with several new chapters and the new subtitle The first two years, was published in 2014.
Since coming to the UK in 1996 Marilyn has carried out funded research studies that include observational recordings of children learning British English and Welsh, acoustic analyses of English, Finnish, French, Japanese and Welsh babbling and early words, and experiments using the perceptual Head Turn paradigm. Her current research is primarily focused on the formation and later fading of phonological templates in the first years of life. Marilyn is also known for her work on bilingual language development.
Tamar Keren-Portnoy is a developmental psychologist, specialising in the study of first language acquisition. Her main interests are in child phonology and very early syntax. What interests her most is understanding how what a child already knows and is able to do directs their further learning and development. She therefore focuses on investigating mutual effects of production and perception and the way linguistic knowledge develops out of the motoric act of speaking.
Tamar uses naturalistic observation data as well as experimental methods with both infants and toddlers (and a little with adults too).
Chris Cox is an MA-student in Phonetics & Phonology and works as a research assistant in the BabyLab. He runs central fixation studies and studies on babble with infants aged 6-12 months.
His main research interests involve studying infants’ categorisation of speech sounds in probabilistic frameworks as well as first and second language acquisition of intonation, rhythm and stress patterns.
He is especially interested in studying the nature of the mechanisms that support the emergence of phonological knowledge in language acquisition.
Florence Oxley is a first year PhD student within the Department of Language & Linguistic Science and has worked as a Research Assistant for the York BabyLab on two projects: Effects of Input and BabblePlay app pilot. She has also been involved in a smaller way in conducting word learning studies with infants using eye-tracking and central fixation.
Her own research interests are infant phonological development, neurolinguistics and the evolution of human communication and language. In particular, she is interested in the evolution of the parts of the brain that support language and communication. Her PhD research examines how babble contributes to brain development and vice versa.
She is also interested in what infants’ perception of emotional state information in pitch can tell us about the evolutionary origins of human communication, language and social culture.
We have been running the York BabyLab since 2007. This has given us the chance to meet hundreds of families from York and the surrounding areas – and we have learned a lot! However, each research study not only teaches us something about how babies learn to talk but raises many new questions as well. So we always have new studies going on – and we would love to have you and your baby come take part in one!
For some of our studies we invite you to visit the York BabyLab for a short session. In other cases we would like to come visit you at home, to record you and your child playing together. And in a third type of study we give you the ‘LENA device’, for you to record your child and all the speech the child hears over a set period of time (without any of us being present). And then again we sometimes combine two of these study-types in one – depending on what questions we are asking.
To find out what studies we are currently carrying out in the York BabyLab, visit our 'Current Projects’ tab.
To take part in one of our studies, please complete our online ‘Sign up for a Study’ form.
For information about the LENA device, visit ‘LENA device’ page.
For contact details and information on getting to the York BabyLab, go to the 'Your Visit' tab.
More information about your visit to the York BabyLab is available on our 'FAQ' tab. This is a collection of questions that parents often ask.
To register your child, complete the online 'Sign up for a study in the York BabyLab' registration form or call the Infant and Toddler Language Studies lab on (01904) 323619. Leave a message if we are unable to answer the phone: we will get back to you as soon as we can.
You can also send an e-mail to linguistics-babylab@york.ac.uk.
What will happen if we agree to take part and what do we need to do?
If you do decide to sign up, your details will be entered into our database. Often we advertise for babies younger than we need them as we have quite a narrow testing window in terms of age for some studies. When your child reaches the right age, if we are still seeing babies at that point someone will call you to arrange an appointment: either for you to visit the University or for us to visit you at home, depending on the study. We will arrange a time that is the most convenient for you and for your baby’s daily routine. After the phone call, you will be sent an information sheet by email or by post with a letter confirming your appointment. At the start of your initial visit, you will be asked to sign some consent forms.
Many of our baby language studies involve one visit to our lab at the University for a speech perception experiment. You will be in a large soundproof booth. Your child will be seated on your lap while different types of speech are played through loudspeakers, and your child’s response to this speech will be observed and video-recorded. We flash little lights or show some visual display to make your baby look in certain directions, and the speakers are positioned near the lights or display. You will be asked to use earplugs and wear headphones playing jumbled speech, so that you will not be able to hear the speech your child is hearing. This ensures that your response will not influence your child’s response in any way.
Some of our baby and toddler language studies involve us making some recordings in your home or in the lab. Sometimes this is just a half-hour filming session of you simply playing with your child. Your child will wear a special vest containing a microphone. You will also wear a microphone.
In other studies your baby will be recorded either in your home or in the lab playing on their own with toys and interacting with an iPad app.
Yet other studies involve your baby wearing a digital recording device made especially for babies throughout an entire weekend. The device is known as LENA and enables us to record for a much longer period of time and without an observer present.
Taking part in our research is always entirely voluntary. If you give us your details but then decide you no longer want to or cannot take part when we call you to offer a place in a study, this is absolutely fine. Even if you have started to participate but then change your mind during the session or between sessions, you are free to withdraw at any time before the end of the final session and without giving a reason.
The speech perception experiments in the lab only last for a few minutes, but you should allow about half an hour in total for the visit to the University as some babies are asleep when they arrive or need a quick feed before we begin. There are also some consent forms for you to sign. Some studies also involve us filming you in the baby lab, which means your visit may last up to an hour. Home visits usually last around 45 minutes. The toddler tasks at the University will take about 30-45 minutes.
Will my child’s participation in the research be kept confidential?
Any publication of the data or the findings of our studies will maintain strict confidentiality as to your identity and that of your child. You can choose whether or not to allow your child’s video and audio footage to be used (under a pseudonym) as part of any teaching or research material. All video material is kept in a locked room.
You will be with your baby at all times and children will never be left with an unsupervised adult.
You will be paid for each visit (to either the home or the University) to thank you for your time. There is a free short-stay car park near our department that you can use during University visits. If your visit is going to last longer than 60 minutes, we will provide you with a parking permit.
How can I find the lab at the University?
Follow the ‘Where To Find Us’ link on our webpage for a map showing the location of the Department of Language and Linguistic Science. The baby lab is on the second floor of B Block in Vanbrugh College. (There is a lift.) Full directions will be sent in an email or letter when an appointment has been made for your visit.
It is a chance for some one-on-one time with your child. We hope you will find it interesting and fun to take part in our studies. You will also be contributing to our understanding of the very early stages of language development. We will tell you about our results as the studies progress in regular newsletters.
Can a caregiver bring a child for the session instead of me?
It’s absolutely fine for another caregiver (grandparent, aunt, nanny etc.) to bring the baby to the University, as long as the child’s parents have signed our consent forms. It is also fine to conduct home sessions with another caregiver.
What happens when the research stops?
We will be happy to send you a summary of our findings when a study is complete, some time in the future. We will also keep you updated with regular newsletters as the studies progress.
Is it safe for my child to take part?
Our studies have been reviewed by the departmental ethics committee who are satisfied that there is absolutely no risk of harm to either you or your child. All studies are completely non-invasive. Our baby experiments at the University only involve measuring the length of time your child turns their head in a particular direction in response to a sound. Our toddler experiments involve looking at a book or moving some toys between compartments in a set of boxes.
We are a bilingual family. Can we still take part?
This will depend on the study. Unfortunately, most of our studies at the moment are for babies and toddlers from English-speaking families. This is because we are looking at sound patterns and need to make comparisons across a large group of children, so we need the language they hear around them to be consistent.
We don’t expect you to go ahead with visits if your child is poorly. Just ring either the lab on (01904) 323619 or the mobile number of the person who has been in contact with you, and we’ll reschedule as soon as your child is feeling better.
I haven't heard from you for ages since I signed up for a study. Why?
We want to include as many babies as possible in our studies. Please note that some of our baby studies are for infants as old as 12 months so it may be a little while before you hear from us. Unfortunately we may not be able to include everyone who has registered so far due to our funding running out, or the study ending. We do apologise for any disappointment caused.
What if my baby is hungry or needs changing during a visit to the lab?
We realise that despite your best efforts to make sure a baby is fed and changed before a visit, things may not go to plan. We are happy for you to feed your baby in the lab and we have a changing mat for you to use if required.
Any complaint about the way in which you or your child have been dealt with during the study will be addressed. In the event of any complaints arising concerning this research, please address them to Professor D. Brown, Head of Department, Department of Language and Linguistic Science, Vanbrugh College, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD or to Dr Márton Sóskuthy, Chair of the Language and Linguistic Science Ethics Committee, Vanbrugh College, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, email: marton.soskuthy@york.ac.uk.

industry_corpus2: Subject Education


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What does dance with the devil mean mean?
To dance with the devil is to engage in risky, reckless, or potentially immoral behavior.
I worry that it's a dance with the devil...It’s multimillions of dollars, and money changes people. And if we don’t remain vigilant and ask questions, we will go the way of other institutions.
It happened again after my first post-Whole30 cheeseburger. Chicken parm was problematic, too. My favorite late-night writing snack, Oreos washed down with a glass of whole milk, became a veritable dance with the devil.
Where does dance with the devil come from?
R.A.N. Harvey’s History of the French in America, published in 1885, records a folktale about a girl who declares, against her mother’s wishes, that she would dance on her Communion day even if she had to dance with the devil. Her dancing partner does indeed turn out to be the devil, who can only be banished by a priest after wounding the girl. A Finnish folktale, reported by the Finnish Literary Society, also tells of a girl who is so proud to be chosen as the devil’s dance partner that she dances until her feet bleed. Although these stories feature the devil literally, they help establish the idiom’s sense of flirting danger or of indulging in self-destructive behavior.
The Library Congress recorded a copyright for a musical composition titled “Dancing with the Devil is a Dangerous Game” in 1944. Drummer Cozy Powell released an instrumental called “Dance with the Devil” in 1973. Keeping with the phrase’s musical overtones, a 1984 book on the Rolling Stones was also titled Dance with the Devil.
In Tim Burton’s 1989 movie Batman, the Joker, played by Jack Nicholson, asks “you ever danced with the devil in the pale moonlight?” before shooting Bruce Wayne. What he means, exactly, is unclear, but the character claims he just “like[s] the sound of it.” It suggests a kind of romantic recklessness.
The 1999 thriller 8mm features a variation on the idiom that further emphasizes moral peril “When you dance with the devil, the devil doesn’t change — you do.” Michael Signer, mayor of Charlottesville, Virginia, used this variant in response to President Trump’s sympathetic-seeming response to far-right violence in Charlottesville in 2016.
Who uses dance with the devil?
Rapper Immortal Technique invoked the sense of moral danger in his 2001 song “Dance with the Devil.” The song tells the story of a criminal who will go to any length for success, but then commits suicide in remorse for his actions.
Dance with the devil is also used in colloquial speech and writing for humorous effect, characterizing mildly ill-advised behaviors one engages in but knows better (e.g., I know it’s 3am, but I’m going to dance with the devil and watch one more episode on Netflix.).
Dance with death is a similar phrase used to indicate an activity that tempts fate. For example A Dance with Death served as the title of a book about Soviet Airwomen in World War II.

industry_corpus2: Literature & Emotions


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Your bridesmaids will love these cute tote bags in a fun assortment of colours, stripes, solids and polka dots, perfect for all the pre and post wedding errands.
Affordable and perfectly sized weekend bags for women are a unique and gorgeous personalised gift idea.
Give her a gift she'll use again and again by choosing from this selection of personalised tote bags at Weddingstar. Whether it's a bridesmaid gift, a birthday gift or even just a nice little gift to yourself, these bags are both practical and stylish — a winning combo every time. Because each bag can be personalised with a name, a monogram or a fun phrase, it also features that personal touch that makes the gift extra-special. Our custom tote bags are so popular that our newly weds often order them early in the planning process, right alongside their wedding stationery and décor! Bonus points for early birds!
Each of these tote bags is made of high-quality materials, so they hold up well when lugging anything from clothes and shoes to groceries and picnic supplies. There are also a variety of sizes from which to choose, including beach and travel tote bags, weekender duffle bags and wine totes. The designs are right on trend, as well. From simple colour-blocked styles to preppy chevron designs, there's something for everyone in this collection. Some of these personalised canvas bags even feature fun sayings and quotes that will have her feeling inspired every day.
Because these bags are customisable, they make excellent wedding tote bags. Use them as hotel welcome bags, wedding favour tote bags or bridesmaid tote bags to create fun gifts for the people celebrating this major milestone with you. When you fill them with bridesmaid gift bag stuffers — mini champagne bottles, lip gloss and maybe a piece of chocolate or two — you're guaranteed to get a smile out of all your recipients! Weddingstar has everything you need, from the totes themselves to bridesmaid tote bag fillers, and we're always here to help you figure out what to put in bridesmaid tote bags!
These bags aren't just for weddings, however. They also make great gifts for any occasion, whether it's a birthday, a baby shower, a graduation or a fundraiser. Browse our full collection of customisable tote bags and add a personal touch to your favourite design. Don't forget to check out the rest of our gifts for her for fun ideas for bag stuffers, including flasks, travel bottles, jewellery, kimono robes and more. We also have personalised kids' duffle bags and other custom carry-alls for everyone on your list! It's always more fun to receive a nice, new bag when it's stocked with goodies.

industry_corpus2: Others


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The Bay Area is in for a weather rollercoaster ride.
A light storm system that swept into the region Monday is expected to give way to significantly warmer temperatures through the end of the work week. But cool and windy conditions are on tap for Saturday, according to the National Weather Service office in Monterey.
“We’ll have a rollercoaster-type weather pattern this week,” said meteorologist Rick Canepa.
Up to a quarter of an inch of rain could fall before the storm system moves out of the area Tuesday, according to the weather service. But as of 5:15 p.m. Monday, 24-hour totals included .04 inches in Napa, .01 inches in San Jose and trace amounts in Hayward.
An upper level ridge is forecast to build into California, resulting in noticeably warmer temperatures Wednesday through Friday, according to the weather service. Thursday is expected to be the warmest day of the week, with the mercury climbing into the low 80s in some inland locations, including San Jose, Livermore and Concord.
Cooler temperatures are set to return by the weekend.
“Wind will be the main feature to watch,” said Canepa, adding that 20 to 30 mph speeds are expected.

industry_corpus2: Media & Journalism


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Maria Kappos hit a sacrifice fly to score leadoff hitter Garland Evans in the first inning and that would be all Flagler College pitcher Katlyn McCue would need to pitch the Saints to a 1-0 victory over Embry-Riddle on Sunday in the final game of the Flagler Mini-Tournament.
McCue allowed just three base runners to the Eagles (3-5), allowing two hits and one walk while striking out three. The win salvaged the tournament for Flagler (4-6), which lost two games Saturday — 3-1 to Newberry and 11-3 to Embry-Riddle — and its opener Sunday, 3-2 to Newberry.
Genevieve Mangini hit an RBI double in the first and Tatum Morgan belted a solo homer in the fifth for the Saints in Sunday's loss, but Newberry's three-run second inning held up. Kyra Gibson pitched five innings of scoreless relief for the Saints. Newberry went 3-1 in the tourney to improve to 8-2 on the season.
The Saints host Florida Tech on Tuesday at 5 p.m.
GREENWOOD, S.C. — Lander won its eighth game in a row and snapped Flagler's seven-game winning streak with an 85-61 victory Saturday.
The Saints (15-6, 11-4 Peach Belt Conference) were outrebounded 44-31 and shot just 42.9 percent from the free throw line (6 of 14).
Symone Starks led the Bearcars (17-5, 14-2) with 22 points. Jessica Harris added 20 points and nine assists. Tabitha Odabe had 12 points, 11 rebounds and five blocked shots for the Saints. Kierra Crane scored a team-high 13 points, while Chris Wilson (12) and Ivana Boyd (11) also scored in double figures.
Flagler hosts USC Aiken on Wednesday at 5:30 p.m.
GREENWOOD, S.C. — Gedi Juozapaitis scored 12 of his game-high 18 points in the second half, but the Saints came up short Saturday in a loss to Lander.
Flagler (7-14, 4-11 Peach Belt) pulled to within 67-64 with 1:48 left on a Juozapaitis 3-pointer but could get no closer. Lander improved to 9-13, 8-8 in the conference.
The Saints host USC Aiken on Wednesday at 7:30 p.m.
The Saints split a doubleheader with Queens University of Charlotte on Saturday, winning the opener 12-10 but falling in the nightcap 18-3 at Drysdale Field. Flagler (5-2) won two of three in the weekend series with Queens (2-5).
Sean Lawlor hit a three-run double in the seventh inning of Saturday's first game to give Flagler an 11-8 lead. Nick Martinez (1-0) picked up the win in relief, allowing two runs on four hits over three innings.
In the second game, Dominic Ford had four of the Royals' seven stolen bases and collected three of his team's 12 hits. Aaron Anderson went 2 for 4 with a solo home run in the first inning for the Saints. Jett Walsh (0-1) started and took the loss. Walsh allowed five hits and five earned runs in three innings of work.
Flagler hosts Rollins College on Tuesday at 6 p.m. at Drysdale Field.

industry_corpus2: Sports


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I shall have, however, probably to come up to London once a week during this time - Wd it be possible for me to take the choir on Thursdays & have someone else at present for the orchestra - as I do not see how I can manage twice a week regularly - But I quite understand that you will probably prefer to have someone who can do the whole job from the start & wd also be more on the spot at other times than this out of the way place.
But I am most anxious to have the honour of conducting you and very much hope that some arrangement can be made to tide me over what I hope is only a temporary absence from London.
1. Philip G.L. Webb was Honorary Secretary of the Handel Society.
2. AVW had taken rooms in Sheringham for the benefit of her brother Hervey’s health and the VWs spent much time there until his death in May 1921. The Handel Society, founded in London in 1882 for the performance of his lesser-known oratorios, was being revived after the War. VW conducted it until he became Musical Director of the Bach Choir in 1921, when he was succeeded by Eugene Goossens - see R.V.W.: a biography, p.139. The society had approached Adrian Boult and Allen Gill before VW but both had declined.


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Horticulture Newsletter For those of you that are interested, Kansas State University puts out a horticulture newsletter once a week. These issues are full of useful, practical information for the Kansas gardener. Here is a link to their website where you can access these newsletters. Happy reading!
Sweet Potato slips are here!
Pansies are Blooming! Early veggies are ready to plant!
Hours: Mon to Sat 9:00 a.m. - 5:30 p.m.

industry_corpus2: Agriculture & Fisheries


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A variation on the behavior of some burglars has been reported. I don’t know at this point in which part of Altadena the incident occurred, but at approximately 2:30 am on Wednesday morning, a resident was awakened by the sounds of a woman in distress at the front door.
The woman at the door said she and her baby needed help.
As the resident was talking to the woman through the door, a man was attempting entry at the rear of her home.
That has been a deterrent in some areas.
Altadena Sheriff’s Station – 626 798 1131. You can stop in at the Sheriff’s Station and ask for stickers with the Sheriff’s Station’s phone number that you can put on your phone, so when something happens, you don’t have to try to remember the number. It’ll be on your phone.
Here’s the fab artwork for the next art bender weekend in Altadena. Leaving the image sideways for now, so you can read the details.
Lori and Scott at Webster’s Fine Stationers are already in the holiday spirit. They’ll be supporting two local charities–Danny’s Farm and Five Acres–with your holiday purchases and food donations.
There are several exciting things going on at WFS these next couple of months! The holiday season is quickly approaching, and of course we’ll be dressing up the store but we thought we could do a lot more than decorate and hang ornaments.
I’ve said before that in economic times such as these, it’s our local charities and non-profits that suffer the most. When people feel they have little to give, charitable donations are the first to be cut from the budget. We understand and believe me, our store doesn’t have room for much donating, either. But you know what? We’re still in business and our crew members are still employed and for that we’re thankful. In that spirit of thankfulness, we are going to be donating to two Altadena non-profits – Danny’s Farm and Five Acres. Read on and discover how we’ll be accomplishing this.
Danny’s Farm is a a local non-profit with an amazing premise. We love how the Gott family’s vision has improved and enriched our community! They even have plans to expand that vision which will create more opportunities for the disabled in Altadena. To get there, they need our help and they need your help. If you order custom holiday cards from WFS this year, we will donate 15% of the net cost to Danny’s Farm. Don’t let the word “custom” scare you away….these cards are cost effective and beautiful. Best of all, you can be the designer of your own holiday card! We will have our catalog of holiday cards on-line at by late next week. From now until January 1st, if you order your gorgeous holiday cards through Webster’s Fine Stationers, we will donate 15% of the net sale to Danny’s Farm and that’s a very good thing.
Five Acres is another local Altadena non-profit that is near and dear to our hearts. They’re running a Thanksgiving food-drive for the population they serve and we want to help! We’ll be collecting the donations here at WFS, but here’s the thing: when you bring your food donations in, please give them directly to a crew member. That crew member will give you a coupon for 10% off any purchase you make at WFS. You can use that coupon that day or save it for later use. It’s just our way of saying thank you for making a food donation to Five Acres. We also have $10.00 coupons that are good for the same amount off a purchase at Macy’s on Saturday, November 14th. Your purchase of these coupons benefits Five Acres and are redeemable on regular, sale or clearance priced merchandise purchases of $25.00 or more. Remember, these are valid on November 14th only. To buy one, just ask one of our crew members.
Also on our radar for the weeks coming up is a book signing with Altadena author Andre Coleman. Stay tuned for more information on that event!
It’s time for the next wild weekend at Ben McGinty’s Gallery at the End of the World.
This is shameless self promotion because I’m in the show this time around. I won’t just be hanging around sucking up food and wine, I’ll be answering your brilliant insightful questions about my work. As soon as Ben has the postcards and promo material ready, you’ll see it here.
Thurs.-Sun., Dec. 3-6 Noon-6 p.m.
Artists’ reception 6-9 p.m. Thurs., Dec. 3.
Here’s the Star News story on Pasadena’s latest “fork in the road”!
Channels 2 (CBS), Channel 7 and Channel 5. Tonight. Right now for CBS, Channel 2.
It is a great story on a huge gift on my birthday. A great surprise for me.
wished me “Happy Birthday” on screen.
At 5:00 P.M. I will be featured in an interview along with Ken Marshall, who is the tinker who made the fork.
I love forks and Ken made one just for me. Blessings on you Tiny Ken.
Kudos to Ken. See the shows for details.
I hope it will be amusing.
This is a leaning moment on “Publicity.” Repeat: Publicity. Take note.
During the 6:00 P.M. news shows Channel 5 and Channel 7 will run their interviews.
It may, or may not run during the “late news” on all stations if you are still awake.
And where is the spoon and the dish? The mystery deepens.


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The apartments at Apartamentos Vino Tinto feature wooden furnishings, modern décor and original features such as beamed ceilings.
The living room has a flat-screen TV and a sofa, while the kitchen comes with a fridge, microwave and a coffee maker. The bathroom has a hydromassage bath.
The Bar Bodega serves traditional tapas dishes and local products such as cheese and cured meats, as well as salad prepared with locally grown vegetables. A range of Somontano wines is available.
Sierra y Cañones de Guara Nature Park is a 15-minute drive from the Vino Tinto. Huesca is 40 km away.
Please let Apartamentos Vino Tinto know your expected arrival time in advance. You can use the Special Requests box when booking or contact the property.
Hotel address: Spain, 22147, Adahuesca, Plaza de las Santas, 9.

industry_corpus2: Hospitality & Catering


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At the meeting there were also present: From our side, comrade Mihal Prifti, from the Chinese side the comrades Deng Xiaoping, Luo Ruiqing, Vice Premier of the State Council and Chief of Staff, and Wu Xiuquan, Deputy Director of the CCP CC International Department. In the lunch that was given after the talks there was also comrade Tan Zhenlin, member of the Political Bureau of the CCP CC and dealing with agriculture issues, as well as Comrade Li Xiannian.
Comrade Zhou Enlai: We took a look at the minutes of the meeting between [Chairman of the Ministerial Council and Member of the Political Bureau of the ALP CC] Comrade Mehmet Shehu and comrade Luo Shigao that they had after the meeting of the Political Consultative Committee of the Warsaw Pact that was held in Moscow. In addition, we have also seen the minutes of your meeting with comrade Li Xiannian. Comrade Mao Zedong and comrade Liu Shaoqi are not here and we still do not know when they will be back, and that is why we requested this meeting. Today we have a party meeting to attend, too.
Comrade Zhou Enlai: There is no reason to thank us. In brief, I can tell you that since the Moscow Conference (He was referring to the conference of 1960) the relations between our two parties and our two countries have been strengthened even further, because we have often exchanged thoughts and because, as you also mentioned, what we have to say we say it to each other. These past few days we also received the report by comrade Liu Xiao on the meeting of the Political Consultative Committee of the Warsaw Pact and are of the opinion that the positions, letters and the discussions of the CPSU and of the Soviet government, and especially of Khrushchev, are incorrect. They are in contradiction to the principles of last year's Moscow Meeting, accepted by all the parties. It was especially incorrect the decision over the naval base which was accepted by a forced majority. They, as comrade Abdyl Kellezi mentioned, entered into the inter-governmental jurisdiction. It is a well known fact that all this is in contradiction to the Marxist – Leninist principles. As far as your side is concerned, in our opinion the behavior of comrade [First Vice-Chairman of the Ministerial Council, Minister of People's Defense and Member of the Political Bureau of the ALP CC] Beqir Balluku was correct. As to the relations between Albania and the Soviet Union since the Moscow Conference and until the Warsaw Pact meeting, whenever we have had the chance, we have suggested to the Soviet comrades that these relations should be improved. We think that the larger responsibility falls to the CPSU because it is a big country and these relations have deteriorated because of them.
During the days that the Moscow meeting was being held, comrades Deng Xiaoping and Peng Zhen have spoken to many Soviet comrades about this. This was reiterated once more by comrade Li Xiannian when he passed through Moscow on his way to your Congress. And lately, during the latest meeting in Moscow, comrade Liu Xiao (ambassador of the PRC to Moscow), whenever he has had the chance, has again spoken to the comrades of the CPSU CC.
During the proceedings of this latest meeting, since we are only observers, we did not read any speeches. We took the position of not reading any speeches. This was as a silent protest against the blackmail and the unreasonable attacks that Khrushchev waged against Albania. In fact there were also some other observers, such as that of Korea and that of Vietnam, who took the same position of silence, approving the Albanian position. We did not applaud Khrushchev. If we are given the chance again, we would continue to keep this attitude toward them. We are convinced that the leadership of the ALP CC and the government of the PRA have taken the correct position and the CCP and the government of PRC stand on your side.
As you also say, we support and stand on the side of those that follow the principles of Marxism-Leninism. Since the CPSU CC proceeded incorrectly and unfairly toward you, we are against them. I believe you know well the situation of our relations with them. Starting from the year 1958, in fact since 1957, we have entered into polemics with them. And especially during the period of 1959 – 1960 we have exchanged very bitter polemics. The polemics reached its climax at the beginning of last year's second half.
If we should speak of thanks, it should be us thanking you, because you took a brave stance at the Bucharest meeting and it was you defending us, a task that was not easy. We have a greater capacity of helping you, than you do us because we are a larger party and you are a smaller one, are situated in Europe, and are a member of the Warsaw Pact. From today onwards we will continue to exchange our points of view because we are Marxists. It should be noted that our opinions are sometimes incorrect, and that is why we need to exchange opinions. As comrade Mao Zedong says, we must stay with the truth and correct our mistakes. This would be the most correct position to take, to look at our mistakes and to correct them. Not only are some of the leaders of the CPSU not on the side of truth and do not correct their mistakes, but they do not even accept them. This is not according to the Marxist – Leninist principles. This must be dealt with seriously.
[Zhou Enlai:] We are of the opinion that the Moscow Conference of the 81 Parties was a great success and it has developed even further the spirit of the 1957 Conference. Of course, this has happened as a result of our work of keeping with the principles of Marxism – Leninism, as a result of the efforts of the CCP and the ALP and of many other parties. But we cannot say this without including [sic] the CPSU and some other parties because they have revisionist points of view, but when faced with the truth they cannot accept this reality. During these past four years we have been able to finish two very important documents: The Declaration of 1957 and that of 1960. These are a common program for the international communist and workers' movement; they are our banner and weapon in our war; these weapons help us in the war against imperialism and against the modern revisionism in the defense of Marxism – Leninism and in the construction of socialism, and that is why we need to value deeply, and carry and raise high this banner. Whenever someone drops this banner and distances himself from the Moscow Declaration, he allows us to criticize him. When this weapon is held by our hand, then the errors will not be able to raise their heads, because we will raise this weapon high and they will lower their heads. It is precisely because we have this weapon that we are strong and on the side of rightness. The events taking place attest to this. The development of the events in our times proves our thoughts on the Declaration and not that of Khrushchev, who claims that we live in a time where we do not need weapons, wars and militaries.
And this time, at the Moscow meeting, Khrushchev did not mention this anymore. On the contrary, he pointed out that importance must be placed on the navy, aviation, nuclear submarines. He spoke about the strengthening of the defensive force of the Warsaw Pact, etc.
Comrade Abdyl Kellezi: But he also wants to close the naval base in our country.
Comrade Zhou Enlai: Everyone is laughing about it and is saying that they think he will not close it. And what do the new events in Cuba tell us? They show that there is no difference between Kennedy and Eisenhower. If there can be any discussion about any differences between the two, then the difference is this: When Eisenhower came to power, he ended the war in Korea; but when Kennedy came to power, he started the war in Cuba. The war in Korea was started by Kennedy's party and was ended by that of Eisenhower. Kennedy is developing military preparedness even further. And if there is another difference, it is this: Eisenhower and Dulles openly followed the policy of “open war,” while Kennedy on the surface appears as a person of peace but in reality has increased armaments. Not three months had passed before he showed his true face. Comrade Mao Zedong has said, “sometimes the criticism of the comrades and even of the masses do not have an effect in a comrade, but the acts of the enemy will have an effect if the comrade is still a revolutionary and a Marxist.” According to our opinion, the leadership of the CPSU and Khrushchev may not have any differences in their ideology and their working style, but we cannot say that they will not be influenced by all of this movement of the masses and the people if they are Marxists. And that is why in this case he could not pass on sending a letter to Kennedy and making the declaration (on the events in Cuba). On this he did a good job and we support him. I believe that you also agree.
Comrade Abdyl Kellezi: We do.
Kennedy's circles have understood this and say that they are willing to cooperate in Laos for the reestablishment of peace and that they are willing to carry out the UN resolutions in Congo for the normalization of the situation.
I had a meeting on this issue with the Soviet embassy's chargé d'affaires, because the ambassador is not here. I told him that we must look at the possibility of starting up another situation in another country as well. They are making the situation difficult in Cuba, so we go ahead and start another in a place more suitable for us. We speak up and condemn them in the UN. This should also be happening elsewhere, outside the UN.
He told me that the Cuban government has told the Soviet ambassador that the landing was done with American ships and planes. They must have been using an aircraft carrier, because the planes went and returned within 20 minutes. We can document this because we know how far Cuban land is from the territory of other countries, like Guatemala, etc.
But the war might continue for a long time, and that is why we need to be prepared. Of course, both you and we are far away from Cuba and cannot help her, but we could help her through the Soviet Union, because the Soviet Union has ships and other equipment. It is our opinion that at the last meeting in Moscow the issue of the Soviet Union not helping the other socialist countries so that they may also develop militarily was also left unresolved. The Americans have helped the others, to not mention here France and England. They are also helping Japan, have helped Canada, and Canada is helping India to develop atomic and nuclear weapons. We think that the Soviet Union should help the other countries so that they may also have atomic weapons, nuclear submarines, etc. When comrade Deng Xiaoping was in Moscow, he said that if all the socialist countries had nuclear weapons, peace would be even more guaranteed. And this is a very simple thing. Why does Khrushchev not accept this? He wants the monopoly of nuclear weapons. Well, it does not matter; we will work on our own.
He noted that he had had a meeting with the Mongolian ambassador who had just come to Beijing and he had said that the situation in Congo has now been stabilized, despite the fact that the country is isolated. Nonetheless, the situation there looks good.
[Translator's note: The notes switch back to first person.] About the situation, I think that in diplomacy we can use [our] strategic words but we must also prepare for war in practice.
We are Marxist–Leninists and we see that the course of events confirms our forecasts. This will also convince the others and that is why we must keep high the Moscow Declaration.
1)	In the struggle against the enemy we do not speak first but second. We do not raise the issues but allow the adversary to do so, because through this he uncovers himself. After this we answer our adversary. This tool is more powerful. We defend the right and by defending it the masses and the others that do not see clearly, little by little are enlightened and come to our side.
2)	We keep high the banner of unity. Often the opposite side does not keep this banner high, such as in Bucharest against us and now in Moscow against you. They do not keep the banner of unity high and through their stance wanted to expel us from the camp and make us kneel. But we understand their intentions and in Bucharest we fought our own war and presented our own points of view. For example, we signed the Bucharest Declaration, but we also distributed our own declaration.
At the Moscow meeting of November 1960, they conceded and we did the same and, finally, the Declaration was signed. Comrade Mao Zedong tells us to keep high the banner of unity. The intention is to bring the masses of the party and the people to our side, because when we have them on our side, it is more difficult for the enemy.
3)	Confronted with the issues we must keep a correct stance. We say that we must speak openly and carefully. Sometimes we take this course: You speak and yell loudly, and I say nothing. This is a silent protest. For example, comrade Beqir Balluku, when he spoke, said to Khrushchev, “Will you let me continue, or not?” This was a good protest.
4)	We must deal with restraint both in the war against the enemy and in the internal struggle between the parties. We do not say our entire piece to the end, because the situation cannot develop in only one manner. There can be two, three, or four ways it can develop. For example, Khrushchev says his final word first, but the situation does not develop as he thinks, and so he has to pull back and change course.
Comrade Deng Xiaoping: Such is his position when dealing with the naval base. He deals without restraint. He said that he would liquidate the base, but this must not be done. Under these conditions the decision that was taken has no value. We must deal with restraint. As far as the base goes, we must require that the existing agreement is honored. This base lies in Albania, and that is why Albania should have command of it. For example, Albania says that we must improve relations and the base must be strengthened. This is fair.
Comrade Abdyl Kellezi: He says that he will remove the base, but we say no.
Both of them: They are saying that they think it will not be removed, because it should be kept.
Comrade Zhou Enlai: Of course, the enemies realize that there are differences between China and the Soviet Union and between Albania and the Soviet Union, but they do not know what these differences actually are. That is why we need to analyze these issues step by step and with restraint. For example, Khrushchev always goes into battle personally, but we do not follow this course. In Bucharest we sent comrade Peng Zhen and in Moscow we sent comrade Deng Xiaoping. We hold back the other comrades. We keep comrade Mao Zedong and Comrade Deng Xiaoping in reserve for later.
Comrade Liu Shaoqi, when he went to Moscow, told Khrushchev, “Why do you continually go personally to other countries? Let the other comrades go and prepare the situation and then you can go.” We saw then that many Soviet comrades liked this idea of ours, but in Moscow it was Khrushchev again who came out. That is why we say that Khrushchev's method of thinking and his style of work are difficult to change. Nonetheless, we do not say that his politics will not change, because the development of the situation and the pressure from the people and the party will have an influence on him.
1)	You should continue your struggle with determination. We will help you in this struggle and you, through your struggle, will influence the other parties. But, nonetheless, a bad outcome may not be avoided.
Comrade Deng Xiaoping: This would not be a very big or a difficult outcome. Should it happen, we will help you with all our strength.
His words were approved by comrade Zhou Enlai, who then continued: We will show the enemy, his party and the other sister parties his mistakes and weaknesses and force him to answer for those mistakes.
We will attempt and change him and will not make concessions on these points of view. We think that whenever we have the chance, we will speak again with the Soviet comrades to see if the relations with you can be improved. As far as the military assistance, we think that we should wait a little longer until he [Khrushchev] answers you with a letter. After this, we will say that we will temporarily help Albania. You will also talk about this with comrade Mao Zedong.
If the other socialist countries really do not help you, we think that we should make some adjustments to the proportion of assistance you receive. We think that the field of agriculture should be the primary concern of these adjustments. And when we do this (meaning the socialist reconstruction of the country), we should take into account all the variables, such as the work force, the raw materials, etc., etc.
Comrade Deng Xiaoping: Comrade Zhou Enlai mentioned all the issues and these are the opinions of every one of us. They are the opinions of the CC of our party. I would only like to mention two issues.
1)	One is the problem of the internal relations within the socialist camp. As you well know, Bucharest was a struggle against us. You found yourselves in the flames of the fire, drew the fire of the battle upon yourselves, and that was a good move. You showed bravery. Marx was also the brave type. All of the Marxists are the same. They are not afraid of prison, or of internment, and not even afraid of death. They follow this road out their own free will. Then, at the Moscow Conference, both our parties were in the line of fire. After the Moscow Conference, their fire was directed back against you. It seems like the fire against us is a little bit softer, maybe because we are a larger party. But in fact, they direct their fire not only against you and not only against us both. It seems like this issue is here to stay for a long time. As I speak, I may also repeat things a few times. During the Moscow Conference I did not have the chance to meet comrade [First Secretary of the Albanian Party of Labour (ALP)] Enver Hoxha and had a lot of meetings and talks with comrade [Member of the Political Bureau of the ALP CC and Secretary of the CC] Hysni Kapo. The same with comrade Liu Shaoqi, most of whose meeting were also with comrade Hysni Kapo. The opinion that this is an issue that will take a long time is a common opinion of both our parties. But we are on the side of justice. Justice is with us and this is essential. But even formally we should always be just. We should owe nothing. In fact, they owe us, but this struggle will be long, and that is why we should operate in such a way that both formally and in actuality justice should be on our side and they should owe us. Let us look at the naval base, for example. You are on the side of justice. You should request that the relevant agreement be respected. You should keep repeating this and say nothing else, until you find out what he has to say. We think that the method that comrade Beqir Balluku used was very correct. If you get mad, then why shouldn't I? If you curse, then why shouldn't I? This makes them think.
We are convinced that your opinions are correct and we cannot fathom how small Albania could be the perpetrator against the big Soviet Union.
We recognize the truth at first sight. The issue is how to organize our work. We used to have a good coordination with Moscow. Of course, they have attacked you unfairly during the last meeting and the way you retorted was good. We did not speak. We will look to find out the right time to speak.
We have mentioned this issue many times in the coordination commission and comrade Liu Shaoqi has spoken officially to Gomulka. We told them that they should not act in such a way toward Albania and that Albania is right in this case. In his greetings, comrade Liu Shaoqi spoke about twelve socialist countries. He said that from Albania to Vietnam and from Germany to Korea there should be complete unity and whoever destroys this unity shall be committing a historic crime. We will always repeat this position.
This time we only sent our ambassador to the meeting of the Political Consultative Committee of the Warsaw Pact, while in other meetings we have sent a delegation. They understand our position. We had instructed our ambassador that if the meeting's proceedings were in order, he could read a greeting, but if there would be anything spoken against Albania, he should be silent. Sometimes, when you do not hold a speech, it weighs more than if you say something. This does not mean that we did not take a position in Moscow. They owe you and the entire communist movement. We will be speaking out, but when or how we are going to do this, is an issue that we must look over carefully. For example, he [Khrushchev] has not decided to remove the base, and even if he does so, to prevent him from doing so. But we will try so that he does not. This is in your favor and that of the entire socialist camp. That is why we will carefully study the issue of when we will speak out about this. We will also weigh its effect. It may be that the events in Cuba have some sort of benefit for you. Of course, should they not back down, there should be a retreat position. This is our opinion for the moment. Of course, when we speak out and what we will say will be discussed with you first. For the moment, we are being silent. But, of course, on such an issue, one cannot stay silent forever.
2)	The second issue has to do with the matter of economic assistance. Should they decide to not help you, it will be our duty to do so, because you have given a great assistance to the world communist movement. This is what we say: We will help you with all the capacity we have. If there are some things which, right now or in the near future, we cannot help you with, we will tell you so. These are issues which have to do with the development and technological stage where we find ourselves. These are issues which we should solve in stages. There are some objects which we are not able to build right away.
We think that in the field of economic cooperation you should operate in such away that for the next 100 years the responsibility falls on them. Whatever you can solve, solve it with them, keeping justice always on your side. The rest we can look at together. But in your conditions, the way to solve these issues (the construction of socialism) is a big deal. We also raised these issues with the Cuban comrades when the general secretary of the party was here and we exchanged opinions with them. Comrade Mao Zedong said, “first of all, you should keep and strengthen the people's police force. Second, you should change their one-sided economy and develop the agriculture.” Now in the development of their economy they are keeping this in mind. Instead of planting only sugar cane, they will also develop the production of rice and other cultures. Now they have a 300,000 strong people's police force, which serves as a guarantee for them. Can the [Soviet] missiles [stationed in Cuba] really be used? This is not an easy thing, because a world war could be ignited, while local wars have always existed and will continue to exist. Today, a people's police force is more important than a regular military. It is possible that the enemy can occupy all the main cities, but the war will be continued in the rear by the people's police force.
Of course, such advice is not for Albania's conditions, because all the people are behind you. For you important is the issue of reconstruction and this should be at the basis of your work.
Your agriculture has a relatively high potential and this is an important issue. The development of industry should have at its base the development of agriculture. First we should fill our bellies and then comes the rest. As for the other issues, you can see to them yourselves, because you have enough experience. In general though, developed industry with underdeveloped agriculture becomes a hindrance. For example, every year we supply the province of [Manchuria] with 1.6 billion tons of grains. There are also examples of other provinces where work in various industrial projects has been suspended. We now have to slow down the building of industry to develop our agriculture. In the next three years we will not see a visible development of our industry. We will mainly place the most importance on the development of agriculture.
When you go back to Albania, please tell comrade Enver Hoxha that we will help you with all our strength, with all we have, but we will not be able to fulfill all of your needs.
Comrade Abdyl Kellezi: Comrade Zhou Enlai and comrade Deng Xiaoping presented their opinion that we have common points of view and have no disagreements. We are convinced of this because we found each other on the same page in Bucharest without any previous planning. We found ourselves holding the same positions in defense of Marxism – Leninism. The Central Committee of our party is completely convinced that we have common points of view when it comes to the defense of Marxism – Leninism, because both you and we are on a just course, because between us there have not been and there are no disagreements.
We were not caught unprepared in the meeting of the Consultative Committee because our leadership had foreseen that there might be some kind of attack against us there, which it actually happened. You had also foreseen that there might be an attack against Albania. Nikita Khrushchev, backed by the rest of them, elevated the issue of ideological disagreements to the level of inter-state relations.
We did not start the fight at the meeting of the Consultative Commission. The speech by comrade Beqir Balluku was correct and principled; it had been approved by the leadership of our party. Our speech relied on the Moscow Declaration after the Conference of the 81 Communist and Workers' Parties of 1960, in which, the need for the strengthening of the militaries of the countries of the Warsaw Pact and the dangers that American imperialism presented were mentioned; the activities of the imperialists, Kennedy, and of the Belgrade revisionists were unmasked publicly; the need for the strengthening of our military was stressed, etc. In other words, that speech was correct and principled.
Nikita Khrushchev, on the other hand, and the rest of them attacked Albania and, as you well know, presented shameful declarations and arguments against our country and our party. The fabrications and the slander on the issue of the naval base are ignoble. Nothing has happened at the base which has been done purposefully by us. (Comrade Deng Xiaoping interrupted here and said that they had heard about the case of the five Soviet women that had been stopped by the police and that the Soviets had used such methods against them too.) The reason for their attack is not this event, but what happened in Bucharest and we said this openly in the meeting. It is a fact that since Bucharest they have started to sabotage the readiness of the base and of the military; they have not completed supply deliveries of any goods and we have raised this issue with them time after time. They requested that either only Soviet personnel be stationed at the base,or else it be removed. We explained that the base was constructed at the initiative of the ALP CC and in agreement with the CPSU CC and that there is a signed agreement on this between us and the Soviet government. We told them that we would never agree to remove the Albanian personnel from the base, and that if they wanted, they could remove the base, but I also said that it would be a violation of the signed agreements and that they would be held responsible by their [own] people, by the world communist movement, and by history. The removal of the base damages Albania, the Soviet Union and our entire socialist camp, but we defend and will continue to defend our country in every situation. We told them that if they would remove the base, we would help them and would not hinder their work, but that we think that the base should be strengthened instead. They also delivered a letter to us, but our delegation did not answer them on the spot. It was a letter by [Warsaw Pact Supreme Commander Andrei A.] Grechko and we only answered it after they asked us for an answer. In other words, it was not us who started the fight. It was they who started it, and we answered as we should have. It was they who trampled on the Moscow Declaration of the 81 Parties.
Khrushchev said that the Albanians are trying to overthrow him and other things. This is absurd and anti Marxist, but he thinks of himself as someone who has taken under his wing and defends the enemies of the ALP. How is it possible that the ALP could seek to overthrow the secretary of another party? It is not our business. Who is and who remains the secretary of a party or another is only the business of the communists who are members of that party. But we do say openly to Khrushchev that he should have nothing to do with the traitors of our own party. He should not interfere with the internal business of our party, because we do not allow anyone to do this. So, we did not initiate an attack. Khrushchev did and we gave him the counterpunch. In this situation it is Khrushchev the one who is trampling on the Moscow Declaration. Our party has fought and will continue to fight for the execution of the Moscow Declaration and we are convinced that both our parties will always be the ones to consistently hold high that banner, and they will be left to hold the other banner, the banner of opportunism and revisionism.
The comrades here said that you did not speak at the meeting in Moscow, just like the others that were there as observers did not speak either. But you are on our side and you support our stance. We know that your ambassador had instructions to not speak and that he spoke outside the meeting. We know that you will speak up when you think it necessary and will not stay silent forever. We believe what you say. You know it better when, what and at what level you will speak up. We are confident that when you deem it necessary, you will speak up and this you know better. We are confident that we have common points of view in our just and principled struggle.
[Abdyl Kellezi]… but they will fail in this and in it the great assistance that you gave us played a very important role. There are also nuances, for example, the Hungarians did not make it difficult for us. The Czechs, merchants that they are, might not break the agreements with us, because they would rather trade the goods, especially the iron and the copper they get from us. We agree to trade with them. But there is one thing that is clear; they are trying to sabotage our five-year plan.
As to the matter of military assistance, I have also told comrade Li Xiannian that since the Bucharest events they have not sent any more supplies and are not even thinking of sending them. They also want to destroy the base. Once again, on this issue, they showed themselves to be in opposition to the Moscow Declaration and with the signed agreements. After the Moscow meeting (of the Warsaw Pact), our representative requested from the Soviet side that they decide on the materials and equipments that should be sent to Albania for the military. The Soviet representative asked him whether the answer that Khrushchev and Grechko gave us was not enough for us. In other words, they are not going to send any supplies for the military.
This was also indicated by the work of the commission that made the decision of how the munitions would be produced and the difference between its decision and the list of the equipment that we asked to receive from the Soviet Union. They asked that the supplies be bought 50% through clearing and 50% through a loan plus annual interest. We opposed this and it was removed from the protocol. Chinese comrades, we do not ask for the fulfillment of the list. We only ask for the munitions from it.
(Then it was agreed that the competent comrades set off for Albania to deal with this issue, because the Chinese comrades are willing to help us and the defense minister will be the point person on their side. Comrade Abdyl Kellezi thanked them once more for their readiness to assist us and emphasized once again that what we were asking for are needed to create what comrade Zhou Enlai advised about, the creation of necessary reserves for bad days. Comrade Abdyl Kellezi told them that our entire party and our entire people would fight for the defense of our fatherland, for the defense of their revolutionary victories, for the defense of Marxism – Leninism. He assured them once more that all what was said he will faithfully transmit to comrade Enver Hoxha.
Comrade Abdyl Kellezi: Comrades, you said that there is no reason for us to thank you. You have to forgive me but we thanked you because we, first of all, have to fulfill the instructions that Comrade Enver Hoxha gave us. Furthermore, this is something that we deeply feel it in our hearts and we cannot keep it inside. You are helping us in an unprecedented manner, as true brothers. We come here to you and we ask that you forgive us for continually bothering you and making so many requests. We are saying this like communist friends and brothers and you should do the same and tell us openly what your capabilities are and where you can help us. We will never forget this internationalist assistance. Just like you understand us when we come and openly seek your assistance, we also understand you we you say to us that this is something you have, or something you do not have, but which you will try to maybe give it to us a bit later. We understand that sometimes it is difficult for you to say no to us, but we also understand that you are doing what you can and more, because you are taking from your own table to give to us. This is an internationalist behavior. We are also very confident that when you tell us that a certain factory, for example, shall be delivered to us on that date, which may not be very suitable for us, your apparatus, following your orders, will work hard to deliver it before the deadline.
(Comrade Zhou Enlai intervenes here and said that there may also be technical difficulties or some materials, like steel for example, due to shipping problems may be delivered after the deadline. Comrade Abdyl Kellezi added that such things may happen in life, but that we understand each other and that what is important is that our unified forces will be put to use to execute the tasks that await us. He also added that we have no doubt about this. Comrade Zhou Enlai said that it may happen that they could give us something which may not be completely perfect and may have some problems. He said that if that happens they would plead with us to send it back. Comrade Abdyl Kellezi added that we will solve everything like communists and that… [illegible].
Conceived by A. K. and M. P.
Three copies were produced, two of which were handed to comrade A. K. and the other to M. P.
Central State Archive, Tirana, AQPPSH-MPKK-V. 1961, L. 13, D. 6. Obtained by Ana Lalaj and translated by Enkel Daljani.

industry_corpus2: Politics & Administration


text:
The Ministry of Information Technology has released a draft of proposed changes to the Intermediary Guidelines Rules, 2011, made under Section 79 of the Information Technology Act, 2000 (“IT Act”). Section 79 provides that certain categories of intermediaries which merely host third party content shall not be liable for such third-party content, provided that certain conditions are complied with, which is known as a ‘safe harbour’. Compliance with the Intermediary Guidelines Rules drafted under Section 79 is a pre-requisite to any intermediary claiming the immunity or safe harbour under Section 79(1).
The present draft of the proposed amendments raises a whole host of concerns concerning privacy, freedom of expression and freedom of information. For the purpose of this post, I will be focusing on Draft Rule 3(9) and its potential impact on copyright law and access to knowledge.
Draft Rule 3(9) does not provide sufficient clarity on the basis of which intermediaries are to identify and remove information which is ‘unlawful’. ‘Unlawful’ information and content can range from criminal forms of speech under the Indian Penal Code, to civil offenses such as defamation of copyright or trademark infringement. The determination of the lawfulness of content is dependent upon the particular circumstances and context in which such information is embedded. While certain forms of speech may be presumptively illegal, without taking into account its context (for example, extreme violence or explicit child sexual imagery), the vast majority of speech cannot easily be categorized as lawful or unlawful, and such determinations should normally be made only through judicial procedures which are accountable under law.
This problem is particularly exacerbated in the context of copyrighted content, the infringement of which also constitutes unlawful content. The Delhi High Court has held that Section 79 of the IT Act also covers acts of copyright infringement under the Copyright Act. The scope of Draft Rule 3(9), similarly, would extend to all intermediaries who host copyrighted works under the Copyright Act. Owing to a low threshold for copyrightability in India, such ‘works’ cover almost a significant amount of all the content uploaded on the internet, the lawfulness of each of which an intermediary cannot reasonably be expected to monitor and filter, even with the use of automated systems.
In particular, draft rule 3(9) may undermine the crucial balance between access to knowledge and the use of copyrighted works, and the protection of author’s interests which is sought to be protected under the Copyright Act. The Copyright Act protects certain uses of a copyrighted work including the ‘fair dealing’ of a work for the purpose of private use or research, or the use of any work by students in the course of instruction. However, as noted above, the fear of civil or criminal liability for third-party content is likely to induce intermediaries to over-censor copyrighted content without taking into account the protections offered by the Copyright Act.
In any event, automated systems are not sufficiently evolved or sophisticated to be able to make decisions regarding the legality of the use of copyrighted works, something that is generally left to a judicial determination. Most automated systems rely on ‘matching’ technologies such as digital fingerprinting or hashing, which are yet unable to determine the context in which the work is being used, and are ineffective proxies for a judicial determination of infringement. Even the most sophisticated automated tools, including YouTube’s ContentID system, which reportedly cost Google 60 million USD, has been demonstrated to be ineffective both for failing to catch copyright infringement and incorrectly filtering legitimate content.
The reliance on automated mechanisms to prevent copyright infringement has also been mooted in other jurisdictions, particularly in the recently proposed changes to the EU Copyright Directive, and have come under significant criticism from rights holders and fair use advocates alike. Battling online piracy and protecting author’s interests requires a far more nuanced approach than what is proposed under the draft rules. Today is the *last day* for sending in your comments on these rules to the Ministry and speak up for a free and open internet.
Although researchers and policymakers in the US and Europe have developed strong arguments for regulating digital companies in the public interest, the situation is still chaotic. And the reason is that the current discussion around intermediary liability for copyright infringement is a considerable distraction from the real issue – which is the definition of what qualifies a service to be recognised as an ‘intermediary’ and provided ‘safe harbour’ protection.
Today, companies who have build their business model on data capture are passing themselves off as ‘intermediaries’. This is a shame! A service should qualify as ‘intermediary’ and afforded safe harbour protection only on condition its hosting of data is TAP: Temporary, Automatic and Passive pass-through of data.

industry_corpus2: Information Services