text:
Key-find.com is just another search engine classified by experts as a browser hijacker and adware due to its capabilities of changing your browser settings and displaying multiple unwanted ads on your screen and search results.
What Makes Key-find.com a Potentially Unwanted Program (PUP)?
Key-find.com is not malicious in its nature. Changing your browser settings and default home page to its own is a common practice among many legitimate programs. The malicious part about Key-find.com is that it adds key-find.com to your Windows Start Menu or even to random Windows shortcuts on your desktop.
Une fois installé, the browser hijacker will alter the settings of your default browser, and your home page will be replaced with that of Key-find.com. It will also start displaying various advertisements and sponsored links in your search results, meaning that these search results may be manipulated. The content of these links is not endorsed by KeyFind and therefore it does not assume liability. By clicking on any of the links from the search results, you might be taken to an infected website which automatically exposes your PC at risk of being infected as well.
How Does Key-find.com Find Its Way on Your PC?
As with most browser hijackers, Key-find.com finds its way on your PC in two ways – you either personally download it from its official website or it slips on your PC through another free program you download. The method through which adware is attached to freeware is called “bundling” and is often used by adware authors.
The reason behind is that the bundling option is mentioned through the installation process of the freeware, but users rarely pay attention to such details. They bluntly accept the “next” steps without reading what they are really accepting. En d'autres termes, adware creators and advertising agencies take advantage of your negligence and impatience to finish up installing a particular free program.
In order to stay safe when installing anything from the Web, you must always disallow the recommended installation settings and choose the “advanced” or “custom” ones instead.
How Do You Remove Key-find.com from Your PC?
Remove Key-find.com either by finding a trustworthy anti-malware program that will delete the threat permanently.
DOWNLOAD REMOVAL TOOL FOR Key-find.comThe free version of SpyHunter will only scan your computer to detect any possible threats. To remove them permanently from your computer, purchase its full version. Spy Hunter malware removal tool additional information.


text:
Set in sub-tropical gardens, with a sublime view over the Atlantic Ocean, Belmond Reid’s Palace Hotel has for more than a century been the ultimate place for royalty, Hollywood stars, politicians, writers, and entertainers such as Winston Churchill, Karl von Habsburg, and Roger Moore. Opened in 1891, the hotel has been refurbished and expanded over the years, finally being purchased by the Orient Express luxury hotel chain and propelled into the 21st century as a unique and stunning 5 star hotel.
Affluent holidaymakers looking for luxury in a tranquil environment. The hotel is surprisingly family-friendly too, with a children’s pool, indoor play space, and a soundproofed technology room for the teens. The Reid’s Angels will take charge of entertaining your youngsters whilst you go out and explore.
The hotel has 163 rooms and suites, beautifully designed, offering old-world charm and sophisticated elegance, many with private balconies and views of the botanic gardens and sea. Rooms in the hotel have a classic decor, with calming tones and floral prints. Many rooms have balconies and views of the Atlantic Ocean, and that sea breeze is divine during a siesta. Bathrooms are marble, and include luxurious cosmetics.
The tranquil spa at Belmond Reid’s Palace offers an ocean view and private terrace for each treatment room. The indoor-outdoor therapy suite features its own private whirlpool. There are fresh and saltwater swimming pools, a fitness club, and tennis courts, all set within several acres of verdant gardens.
In the dazzlingly elegant Dining room, you’ll dine beneath twinkling chandeliers and amidst miniature palm trees. At the more contemporary William Restaurant, with its wrap-around windows and panoramic views of the sea and Funchal Bay, gourmet favourites have a new twist: we were served lobster and duck amuse bouche, followed by roast suckling pig, and a trio of deserts. The passion fruit brûlée was especially intense in its flavour, and the sommelier sensitively matched each dish with local Madeiran wines.
Take the lift or the stairs down to the foot of the cliff and secluded bathing terraces on the edge of the Atlantic Ocean or join a guided tour of the gardens. All the attractions of Funchallie a 30 minute walk from the hotel, or you can take the hotel’s own bus. From the harbour, join a whale-watching tour, or explore the city’s iconic churches and museums. Wander the winding, narrow streets, or take the cable car up to Monte and its spectacular gardens.

industry_corpus2: Hospitality & Catering


text:
Fitness and exercise consultations are individualized appointments with an exercise physiologist to evaluate your fitness level and make recommendations. During an exercise consultation, the Exercise Physiologist will review your exercise history including preferences and current activities, and may use testing guidelines that are specific to a client’s age group, such as the Senior Fitness Test® for those 60 and better.
Using evidence-based guidelines, the exercise physiologist will then work with you to develop an exercise program and fitness plan designed to improve your fitness level, based on your specific health condition. All suggested exercises are explained thoroughly and demonstrated as needed.
An initial exercise consultation will typically be 60 minutes in length. Periodic follow-up appointments of 30 minutes may be scheduled to review goals and adjust exercises as needed.

industry_corpus2: Sports


text:
The personal shopper kitty is back! but as usual, will only take a number of orders due to tangan kaki tak cukup. Those who previously email me and I said I am not going, well okielah I changed my mind because I'm going to check out Shu Uemura and Kiehl's for any bath care products and eyelashes. Do drop me an e-mail if you're looking for a personal shopper. My charges are the usual rate and well priority to those who have bought from me coz u earn the *trusted* status. Do note that I will need a deposit before I can shop for you, to prevent those going MIA & me ending up with the bill.
ahhhhhh sales!!!!! shud i go!!!!!!
Boldy: hahah will check out!
can i know how much would u charge for the personal shopper service?? tq..

industry_corpus2: Others


text:
Cebu, Philippines – We’re rockstars in Cebu! Or at least we felt like rockstars – people constantly ask if they could pose with us for a photo.
Like my experience in Macau and Taiwan, a group of two or three would stare at us for a bit, then eventually show us their camera and ask us to take a photo. This made sense to me, because they may have seen me using my SLR camera and assumed I knew what I was doing. I quickly learned that they didn’t want me behind the camera, they wanted me in the photo, with their group, and then they’d each want every possible combination of people in photos with me, and then they’d each want individual shots.
Then their friends would come join – for the below photo their group grew to 40+. We thought it was hilarious!
David (from England), Raymond (from Holland), and I (United States), with 40 of our new fans!
We tried to remain enthusiastic for them, but we had been traveling for 9 hours that day and had already taken 30 photos with this group by the time this pic was taken.
This didn’t happen everywhere we went – but it’s always surprising. Even police officers stopped us on the beach to take a photo with us. Welcome to the Philippines!


text:
Those two last shots just show how much I love tea and desserts. And that last pic is a little bit funny because of the contrast of the smexy book cover versus the dainty tea cup and cake.
It’s Sunday night in this part of the world and as usual, I’m in denial that the weekend is over. I’ll try to squeeze in a little reading time before going to bed. Hope you all had a good weekend! If you’ve made any recent book purchases, feel free to mention them in the comments.
I know you’ve been into graphic novels lately too. So I’ll let you know what I think when I’ve had a chance to read it!
A belated happy birthday! Enjoy your haul.

industry_corpus2: Literature & Emotions


text:
The first of two rounds (or maybe three) of revision of the Java Community Process specifications is reaching it's first public draft review stage this Friday at midnight. Head over to the JCP page for JSR348 to view the draft. There are only 30 days until voting to approve the draft concludes, so you should have your comments in within the first 2-3 weeks to have the most impact.
The JSR348 project page is located at java.net, and there you can find links to the JSR348 Issues tracker, and mailing lists and archives.
Note that the scope of this initial revision is limited to what are deemed non-controversial, so you should browse the list of issues deferred until phase 2, read the public draft, review the various discussion mailing lists, and then raise an issue to make your voice heard.
If you feel there is something you would like to raise or comment on, but aren't sure you want to do that yourself, drop me a message with your comments and I'll see if I can be your advocate.

industry_corpus2: Programming


text:
Music For Productions – Stock Music – TELESONGZ / TELETUNEZ - Now available at Music for Productions Inc.
TELESONGZ / TELETUNEZ and Music For Productions Inc. just signed a sub-publishing deal.
Teletunez (Production music) & Telesongz (Indie songs). This agreement is an exclusive sub-publishing deal for the territory of Canada and a non-exclusive synchronisation rights licensing deal available to our U.S. clients.
The companies are owned by Brian Wayy, composer of over 150 TV shows and an accomplished producer; songwriter and remixer for hitmakers such as Paula Abdul; Stevie B.; Rod Stewart; Wilson Phillips; Diana Ross; Ru Paul; Corbin Bleu and Doobie Brothers.
Teletunez offers an extensive catalog of high end production music, currently offering more than 100 CD titles. Teletunez Music can be heard daily on syndicated television programs and cable networks worldwide.
The labels offer tracks with multiple versions which will give you the option to choose from full mixes to minim.
Music For Productions Inc. is looking forward to a long lasting relationship with Brian and his team.

industry_corpus2: Film & Entertainment


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I shall give you details of this composition in the form of presentation.
The gtk will follow soon with even more changes. As the complete configuration of Awn.
have been thinking of goin testing on alpha 1.
Thank you! No I have not really had time to test.

industry_corpus2: Computing & Telecommunications


text:
If you want to make any money on the road, you’d be well advised to put some effort and thought into your merch table.
While it’s true that your music matters most, your merch table should never be an afterthought, no matter what stage of your career you’re in. Merchandise can and should be the source of a significant portion of your income. Not only will it give you the money needed to fill your gas tank and get to the next venue, it may even provide you with extra cash in your pocket by the time you get home.
With that in mind, here are seven things that will help you sell more merch.
The visibility of your table makes all the difference. If you’re set up in a dark, shadowy corner of the club, not nearly as much foot traffic will make its way to your table. Many concert goers may miss it entirely.
For maximum effect, have your table in a well lit, high traffic area. Be sure to make sure your table’s placement by is alright with them. If you can set up by the venue’s entrance/exit, for example, everybody will have to walk by it at least twice that night.
Just because somebody’s spent all their cash on drinks doesn’t mean you should miss out on a sale.
Make sure that you can process credit cards, either with an old-fashioned swiper or through digital card readers on your smartphone.
Accepting credit cards at your table makes your merch available to everyone, not just those who brought bundles of cash to the concert. It also saves fans a trip to the venue’s ATM machine (and the exorbitant transaction fees that go along with it).
Nobody can pass up a great deal, so make sure your to bundle your merch in ways that seem like a bargain. Instead of selling a CD for $10 and a T-shirt for $20, sell them together for $25.
You may even want to go the pay-what-you-want route and see where that leads. Many musicians discover that the actual amount paid for each item goes up. Try it as an experiment one night and see what happens.
You should have a sign (or signs) with your all your prices. That sign should be written in print large enough that it’s legible from a few feet away. Introverted people and browsers like to see all the pricing information without having to strike up a conversation with the merch person.
If you’re fortunate enough to have a very busy table, visible prices also help your merch person focus on selling rather than reciting prices over and over again.
Offering free stickers, guitar picks, buttons and other small promotional items is a great way to encourage people to gather around your merch table and make it stand out. Large crowds naturally help attract even more people over to your table, giving you the opportunity to make even more sales.
To encourage actual sales, you can advertise a free EP giveaway with every purchase. It may also work in your favor to give away an item for every person that signs up for your mailing list.
There’s no quicker way to lose those sales than an unattended table. People may decide to buy something on a whim right after (or sometimes even during) your set, and that’s only going to happen if there’s someone there to make that transaction.
It’s also important to have at least one member of the band hang out at the merch table directly after the set. Fans want to meet musicians, talk to them, and tell them how much they enjoyed the show. Hanging around the merch table instead of disappearing backstage or into the bar will help bring a lot more traffic to your table and position you to sell more.
The most overlooked part of creating a successful merch table is having merchandise that people actually want to buy. Too often, musicians create T-shirts as an afterthought, simply as a product to sell, without putting much time or effort into the actual creation of the design.
Most concertgoers like the idea of supporting a band by buying merch, but they won’t do it if it doesn’t look good. Make sure to design merch that conveys your brand yet also appeals to your fan-base. If you’re having trouble coming up with great designs, hire a professional, or ask your fans what they want.
The majority of these tips aren’t hard to implement. See which has the greatest effect on your merch table by testing them one by one.
What other methods do you use to sell more merch at shows?


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and I arrived at 12 noon. I was so catatonic, my gracious subject, a foundation president, asked his staff to get me water and fan me until I recovered.
I’m fortunate that I generally have flexible time, and the hours I do spend at work don’t have me heading out in traffic with everybody else. So my rule as a driver is, as much as possible, never, ever schedule something that will require me to be on the road at rush hour.
I leave home late and go home late. I also stick to four wheels—on coded days, I take Uber (never a regular taxi, because I fear for my life—yes, I do, LTFRB).
In the good old days (sigh), I would happily leave my car in safe, strategic places, take the MRT down Edsa, and actually enjoy the ride. Today, again, I fear for my life and sanity, and my heart goes out to the commuters I see waging that battle. Every. Single. Day.
My last recent crazy experience was driving the 3 km from my mom’s house to my condo one Saturday in an hour and a half. I could’ve walked that in less time, if I didn’t have stuff to carry.
Today, the Marikina (not the city proper)-Makati drive at about 11 a.m. takes me at least an hour, if there’s no accident—half of that spent getting from my house to Edsa, via perpetually clogged Katipunan Avenue and White Plains. Then I leave work past midnight to get home quicker.
—and during rainy payday Fridays—bumper-to-bumper traffic could still be waiting at 1 a.m. Horrors.
So how do I survive a drive, when it’s illegal to text (which is a good idea), but everyone is trying to reach you? There’s hands-free speakerphone, when it’s really urgent. A car phone charger, crackers, a jug of water, Waze for traffic updates. There’s music—a fun station like 104.3 FM (the government station, ironically), with its throwback tunes. Or a Broadway CD, with me singing all the parts.
Or, when people on the road are really rude and motorcycles are cutting like crazy and buses stop wherever they like—a CD of classical or religious music, to stop me from committing murder. Such is life in Manila traffic.

industry_corpus2: Transportation


text:
I think bunnies are adorable, so when I recently had the chance to review The I Believe Bunny by Tish Rabe from Thomas Nelson Publishers, I jumped at the chance! I was immediately delighted when I opened the package & saw the size of the book...it is just over 9 inches square...I had expected a much smaller product. The pages are beautifully illustrated & quite thick...they will definitely hold up well when handled by little fingers! I skimmed the story and then set it to the side. Later that night, when things settled down, Walker snuggled up on the sofa with me and we began to read... ...the book is based around Philippians 4:13 - I can do everything through him who gives me strength. I love sharing Biblical truth with Walker through everyday circumstances & reading together is a great opportunity to do so. The I Believe Bunny tells the story of a cute little bunny who must step up to the plate & help a little mouse in his time of need - while Bunny feels inadequate to do so, he calls on God & depends on His strength to help him through. For Walker right now (not quite age 3), it is a sweet story with a wholesome message...but I know that as we continue to read it as he gets older it will open many doors for talking about prayer, dependence & faith in God, helping others (even when it's not convenient), friendship & thankfulness....I get excited just thinking about it! :) I look forward to continuing to read about Bunny to Walker & Cameron & can't wait for the next book in the series to come out!
While I did receive this book free of charge from Thomas Nelson Publishers, my review is 100% my own opinion! Thanks!


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Whether you're going on a city break or a beach holiday, hiring a car with Trip.com will add a sense of adventure to your trip. Take to the open road and explore the countryside, discover hidden gems that you can't reach on foot, or simply beat the crowds without having to make sense of the public transport system.
Trip.com has a wide range of vehicles to suit every type of holiday, with a range of prices to suit all budgets. Whether you're looking for a sleek city car built for nipping through town, a 4x4 for countryside driving, or a people carrier for a big group getaway, it's easy to find the best price and book online with Skyscanner.
Skyscanner compares the price of hire cars from Trip.com with other car hire providers at your destination to make sure you always get the best deal on the car you want. Simply tell us your travel dates and destination, and we'll show you the best car hire prices for the duration of your stay.
When you reserve your car through Skyscanner, it will be ready for you to pick up from Trip.com as soon as you reach your destination. You'll need to bring both parts of your driving licence with you (photocard and paper counterpart) as the person on the Trip.com desk will need to see them before letting you drive off. Most countries have laws requiring drivers to have their photocard on them at all times, so it's a good idea to keep it in your wallet or in the dashboard of the hire car.
Hiring a car with Trip.com makes the journey to and from the airport a piece of cake. You don't have to squeeze your luggage onto crowded buses, or panic about missing your connection back to the airport. As long as you leave enough time for your journey and keep a close eye on local traffic, you can enjoy a stress-free start and end to your holiday.

industry_corpus2: Travel & Geography


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You can see that all of these methods by Sound Proofing Guys in Forest, VA offer varying degrees of separation of the drywall on one side from the drywall on the other side. Again, all of the walls shown are superior to a single stud (common) wall.
For a full explanation on Soundproofing call Sound Proofing Guys in Forest, VA on 800-593-3340 and get the best advice around. Trust the experts in Soundproofing in the Forest, VA area.

industry_corpus2: Real Estate & Construction


text: This coming טו׳ בשבט (Sunday night January 20 through January 21), our talmidim plan to participate in a special טו בשבט program which will אי״ה take place in Chicago. In a 24-hour period, the entire ש״ס will be jointly learned by close to 500 participants at the Veitzener Cheder, followed by a seudas siyum in honor of the momentous occasion. The Yeshiva undertook to complete the first perek of Maseches Kiddushin (40 blatt), to be completed throughout the day. At last year’s siyum, we were zoche to hear derashos from R’ Shmuel Feurst and R’ Shmuel Dishon who emphasized the powerful impact and the Kiddush Hashem of a tzibur who come together to learn Torah. In addition, we had the opportunity to meet and hear divrei chizuk from R’ Shmuel Keller and R’ Zev Cohen. This year, the learning will culminate in a siyum, with Rabbi Yaakov Bender as the guest speaker. Any community members who are interested in coming along should please contact Rabbi Zeiger for chavrusa arrangements with our bochurim. We are looking forward to partnering with the community for this wonderful Kiddush Hashem.


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Our "Logo Wave- Hawaii" is a simple but sleek imprint, offsetting subtle off-white text against a choice of rich colors. Available on either eco-tri-blend jersey (composed of combed ring spun 50% polyester, 38% cotton and 12% rayon and incorporating organic and recycled materials) OR on 100% organic cotton.
Complementary "Logo Wave - Hawaii" designs are available in babies, toddlers, youth and men styles, and also women's racerbacks. Perfect for a special family gift!

industry_corpus2: Manufacturing


text:
From contemporary condominiums to haute homes, revel in this eclectic mix of residential gems.
As the temperature rises and the flowers bloom, farms across the province prepare for a lush season of bountiful, chemical-free fruits and vegetables. Shopping at local organic farms that do not welcome pesticides, fertilizers or hormones is a great way to support the community, protect the planet, and improve your health.


text:
Asus M5a97 Evo Repair Service Manual User Guides is good choice for you that looking for nice reading experience. We hope you glad to visit our website. Please read our description and our privacy and policy page.
Finally I get this ebook, thanks for all these Asus M5a97 Evo Repair Service Manual User Guides can get now!


text:
When writers Bill Russell and Fredric Ramsey tracked Bunk Johnson down in New Iberia, Louisiana in 1938, they found him toothless and out of music. Sidney Bechet and Louis Armstrong had spoken so highly of Johnson to the men that they searched him out for their book Jazzmen, if only to discover how and why he drifted away from New Orleans, and music making. Johnson offered them a drink, had one himself, and proceeded to gallop through the story of jazz as likely no one ever heard before. He told them how he wrapped string around his remaining teeth to solidify his embouchure, but that had not worked out so well. And, he told them all about the beginning of jazz. He knew the story so well, he told them, because he had been there from the start.
What Johnson didn’t exactly tell them was the truth. According to Big Eye Nelson, and a host of others, Johnson never played with Bolden, the long acknowledged progenitor of jazz. But Johnson’s words managed to find their place in the pantheon of jazz. His Bunk-centric stories, along with his sinewy horn lines ignited the traditional jazz revival, and for that alone he should be lauded. For as much of a scoundrel Johnson was, his own second coming helped ease traditional jazz out of its crypt.
According to Johnson, a sin had been committed to all music the moment he stopped being musician and started as a laborer, unloading bags of sugar cane and driving rice trucks around the south. A sin rectified only by his return to New Orleans and music, a set of false teeth fixed in his mouth by Sidney Bechet’s brother.
He quickly set about evening the score, immediately assuming a very Bolden-esque role. He was often quoted claiming responsibility for the sound and vision of jazz. Viewed 80 years later, the embellishment doesn’t appear desperate. Rather, it offers insight into the everlasting desire Johnson had for the music he lovingly played. And eventually, that sound and his myth became forever intertwined.
Previously, he had been disinterested in recording, like many musicians of the time who believed recordings closed the door on individuality and innovation. But hadn’t Armstrong rode the success of popular recordings into film and TV appearances, becoming a national treasure in the process? Upon his return, Johnson leapt at the chance. Former band mates like Bechet and Kid Ory achieved more than a little notoriety from their own recorded output. Johnson smelled a similar success in his future. As his stories began lives of their own, solidifying Johnson’s own myth, members of Bolden’s band struggled to make ends meet, and many were therefore willing to straighten out the discrepancies in Johnson’s story. Somehow, these repudiations did not cloud Bunk’s rising star.
His first foray into recording came in February 1942. In keeping with the irregular beat of his life, Johnson laid down a trumpet track while a record featuring Sippie Wallace, Bechet, and pianist Clarence Williams, played in the background. A few months later, two more sessions caught Bunk with a live band, upstairs in Grunewald’s music store on Baronne Street.
From then on, Johnson developed a keen taste for recording, laying down over 50 sides between 1943 and 1947, a number of which were recorded by or for music historian Bill Russell, another key ventricle of the trad jazz revival.
Bunk remained irascible. If band members annoyed him, he attempted mid-show tutorials. If they didn’t swing right, he went to sleep in his chair. And yet, he could not damage his reputation. The audience ate the antics up. Here was a character too ribald to be missed. Luckily, his recordings progressed, too. Given the chance to lead, he ably placed himself out front of the band, sometimes arranging the songs, sure to leave room for a daring trumpet solo.
As Johnson’s more daring fabrications reached Armstrong, the star heard enough. Bunk claimed he not only gave Armstrong his first cornet, but also taught him how to play it. That was too much for Armstrong. He stopped talking Johnson up in interviews and rarely mentioned him in private. The journalists still gathered round Bunk every chance they got. And why not? He was one of the revival’s greatest stars, always good for a quote, as long as you bought him a couple of drinks.
A few years before he died, he stopped telling his story altogether, failing memory halting his ability to improvise history. He still had his chops, though. Two late in life recordings contain the strongest music he ever produced: Bunk Johnson Live at the Stuyvesant Casino, featuring his New Orleans Band, and The Last Testament, exactly that, the last session he ever played, recorded with swing era pros.
The end was nigh. Back in New Iberia as of March 1948, Johnson suffered a stroke from which he never fully recovered. In July 1949, his ability to talk severely diminished, perhaps a divine comment on his ramblings, Johnson died, leaving his myth as yet deciphered, his music finally able to do all the talking.
Cool story, thanks for sharing. Hadn’t heard of Bunk Johnson before reading this. It feels good to look back to history and take a glimpse on how jazz music evolved.
Great stuff. I could read history like this all day. Really fills the gaps while listening to the recordings. In fact, I may have to put on a Bunk and Leadbelly disc right now.


text:
Brilliant that’s great news 🙂 I’m really glad reading this has helped. No matter how hard it sounds or feels you can do it.
New England, USA? That’s awesome. You should run outside as much as you can as it has great benefits. Yes I work with animalsvand have another blog all on dog information etc.

industry_corpus2: Agriculture & Fisheries


text:
Call Simon at 96890510 to register now!
Join our GP Tuition at Bedok, Tampines, Bishan and Singapore to ace your A Level General Paper examinations. Be inspired by the GP Tutors of JCGPTuition.com.sg and explore different GP topics, like Science and Technology, Education and Culture. Immerse yourself in a conducive learning environment as we explore diverse GP issues, like the challenges of globalisation in affecting modern societies. Our GP tuition programme will no doubt be beneficial to your learning as we equip you with the skills and knowledge to raise writing proficiency.
During this term, we will find out how culture affects countries, seen in terms of the individual, social, economic and political viewpoints that will be carried out through the viewing of educational videos, GP model essays and online discussions and interactions.
At this online learning platform, we will discuss the economic impacts of culture. Let’s explore the topic of culture together!
How is Environment important to us?
Each month, our tuition centre publishes discussion articles to educate our students and help them consolidate their content knowledge. Our students have found these articles useful as the content are succinct in explanation which helps students to grasp the complex causation development in GP. With regular releases, these articles ensure that students are constantly refreshed with content discussions and argumentative flows, thereby encouraging critical thinking without a need for a physical classroom.
Enrol in our GP tuition now!
How our GP Tuition can prepare you for A?
Our GP Tuition programmes are fine-tuned regularly to ensure that you will benefit from the lessons as you gear up for the A Level General Paper examination. As a student of JCGPTuition.com.sg, you can access our learning resources to improve your thinking and writing abilities consistently. Read on to understand the intricacies of the GP tuition programme.
This unique programme was introduced with the aim to support your revision efforts through the organization of practice sessions to refine your writing techniques. In addition to the regular GP tuition classes held on a weekly basis, you can attend the ‘Study with Simon’ Programme to attempt additional practices for GP essays and comprehension.
The first step to the attainment of excellence involves knowledge enrichment, in which the GP tuition classes will broaden your understanding of GP issues. This is essential as you will apply the knowledge to crystallise ideas and form persuasive arguments to answer GP-related questions.
As a student of JCGPTuition.com.sg, you will learn to engage in meaningful discussions relating to GP issues as this method of expression is important for idea organization and coherent arguments. We will guide you through a step-by-step approach to achieve competency in writing.
The journey towards academic success also features the cultivation of effective application techniques for GP comprehension. Learn to read the passages and annotate relevant parts to improve your precision of answers. We will feature comprehension questions for practice and self-review.
Besides, your aim to ace the A Level General Paper examination can be realised with our focus on the development of GP essay writing skills. You will be introduced to various aspects of writing, such as the identification of types of GP essay questions, introduction setting, and the use of rebuttals.
Be inspired to learn and excel in your studies by finding out how students of JCGPTuition.com.sg have benefited from the GP Tuition programmes. We are glad to have taught these students as they have persevered and overcame the challenges to become more confident and proficient. We hope that you will embark on this experiential learning journey together with us and achieve similar remarkable feats.
JCGPTuition.com.sg has helped me to overcome my fears towards General Paper as I improved my writing skills to answer comprehension AQ and essay questions well. GP tutor Simon Ng has inspired me to reflect on the issues and express arguments in logical and persuasive ways. Thank you!
At the start, I was unsure of the ways to study for A Level General Paper. I thought that GP was a ‘general knowledge’ subject that can be mastered by reading news articles. After joining JCGPTuition.com.sg, I realised that there are other ways to learn the local and global issues, particularly the class discussions, as it encouraged me to think about the different perspectives. The GP tuition provided an enriching and meaningful experience for me.
Under the close guidance of GP Tutor Simon Ng, I managed to find out what were the reasons for my underwhelming results at the start. Simon’s dedication to teach and support the students has inspired me to work hard too. His use of real world examples, coupled with practice questions, were helpful as I could remember the points to use in my GP essay writing. Thank you, Simon!

industry_corpus2: Subject Education


text:
Programs in this section only provided to NATO friendly governmental organisations!
Training courses focused on saving lives, refining skills and effectively manage critical risk threats. Law Enforcement employees carry out their work at the heart of society, a society that is rapidly developing, and is becoming unpredictable, increasingly more diverse, complexed and violent. TAGS® Academy understands that today’s Law Enforcement employees rely on real-world training to succeed in their duties while maintaining their own and others safety. Our training courses are focused on saving lives, refining skills and effectively manage critical risk threats. TAGS® Academy training staff has extensive operational experience and training in the course curriculum that they present. The students will benefit from their training expertise, recent operational experience, and fresh insight from the field.
Skills and knowledge for police high risk operations.
Intermediate training for first responder at the incident scene.
Strategic commanding officers training for LSO.
Crisis management in high-risk environments for Senior officers.
Leadership & tactical decision making process for future team leaders.
To develop efficient teaching skills.
Advanced knowledge and skills to work effectively as a sharp shooter/sniper. Urban, maritime and/or field.
Various levels and options available. Pistol, assault rifle, shotgun.
Self defence techniques with operational tactics and live shooting drills.
Methods and practices to safely end police crisis situations.
Deployment capacity to control and disperse crowds.
Techniques to control compliant and non-compliant suspect.
Procedures to isolate the suspect and control the situation.
Prevent casualties or neutralize an imminent threat in an airplane.
Information and evidence gathering in an urban and rural area.
Investigation, interview and surveillance techniques.
Advanced knowledge, skills processes for the Close Protection Specialist.
TAGS® Academy offers a wide range of tactical training and a highly dedicated and professional training staff to assist governments to react on and prepare local forces for realistic threats.
Basic and Advanced Counter Terror Training (all modules).
Prepare CT Teams to operate in the mobile environment. Bus, Aircraft and/or train.
CT ops in a maritime environment, such as vessels and production platforms.
Mechanical, thermal and explosive entry. Destructive and non-destructive entry techniques.
Course levels varying from short and practical first aid courses for team members to comprehensive Combat Trauma Casualty Care (TCCC). Our courses are practical, provide lots of hand on practice and focus on modern insights and the use of modern equipment that are proven in battle and terrorist attacks around the world.
Tactical Combat Casualty Care/Enhanced Trauma Course.
Basic Trauma Course (tactical environment).
Basic Trauma Course (rescue setting).
Basic Life Support in remote area’s.
Providing first aid under dangerous circumstances.
Comprehensive extensive training in the use of both generic climbing equipment as well as specialized systems in industrial, remote and urban environment. Focus on both individual technical skills and the capacity and knowledge of the operator to use mountain rescue, rope access and rope rescue skills in operational assault setting.
High angle operations (HA-OPS) urban and industrial area’s and remote locations. Use of modern equipment.
Possible scenario’s: Protesters, suicide jumpers, hostage rescue, positioning snipers/negotiators, covert & technical surveillance (intelligence), assault.
Use of K9 in high angle operations. May be combined with HA-OPS Training.
Rappel, fast rope, Special Patrol Insertion/Extraction techniques.
To gain access on infrastructure from top down, with the use of specialist equipment from bottom up.
Ships seizure & searching (VBSS) techniques in compliant and non compliant situations.
Comprehensive high speed craft training for special operations (riverine & sea) varying from helmsmanship to navigation as well as special procedures for vessel arrest, chasing and assault.
Skills and practical expertise to conduct tactical boat handling.
Navigation skills and tactical procedures for special operations.
Small Boat Techniques for VBSS operations. (separate boat operations module, may be combined with Maritime Access Training).
Non-lethal vessel arrest using modern running gear entanglement systems. Effective use of the of equipment and small boat procedures.

industry_corpus2: Law & Justice


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Can you Reheat Ham? | Can You Reheat?
My wife made a huge ham for dinner last night, and we wanted to have leftovers for dinner tonight. What is the best way to reheat ham without it drying out? Can you reheat Ham?
Ham is one of the special meats that can he reheated in just about any fashion you can think of, and it will still stay as moist as it was when it first came out of the oven. You can pan fry it, microwave it, or put it in the oven if you have some time.
Pan frying is pretty easy, no butter or fancy pan are required. Simply find a pan that is stove safe, and that your piece of ham fits on the bottom. From there, turn the heat to Medium and let warm for about four minutes per side.
Use your nose to judge when to flip. If you notice black marks, flip it. Brown is the meat caramelizing.
To microwave ham, place it on a paper towel, or microwave safe dish and microwave for about 45 seconds on power level HIGH. You will have to adjust the times depending on how thick the slice is. Typically two minutes will give a decent hunk of meat a steamy middle.
For when you have a little time to wait, the oven is one of the best ways to ensure food does not lose its water content.
Preheat your oven to 350 degrees F. Wrap your portion of ham in foil and place right on the racks in your oven.
Allow the meat to heat through for about 20 minutes. Slice the meat in half and ensure that the middle is the desired temperature.
Ham is great to have all year round. From giving your kids a stellar lunch of a hot ham and cheese sandwich, to taking a few slices to work for a quick, filling snack you can now reheat your leftovers, without having to cook the whole dinner.


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Showing 1–24 of 29 results. View all.
This handout challenges students to create a poster representing the ways they participate in Jesus’ mission to serve others.
This partner project asks students to read and learn about a descendent of Abraham. The pairs must then complete a writing assignment and create an artistic symbol for the assigned person.
This handout features an image of an altar.
This small-group activity asks students to read several versions of a miracle of Jesus. Groups must then answer questions and create a storyboard to accompany the Scripture passage.
This handout provides two project possibilities to assess student understanding of the concepts covered in Unit 1.
This handout presents a Zoroastrian Symbol of faith and explains its elements. Students are then challenged to create their own symbol to represent their personal understanding of faith and human nature.
With your partner, follow the instructions on this handout to trace the missionary activities in North America during the Age of Exploration.
An image of a wheel.
A craft activity where students cut out a fig leaf and draw or write the ways that they hide who they really are.
Directions for five gallery walk stations: Revelation and Salvation History, The Longing for God, Natural Revelation, Finding God in All Things, and God’s Revelation in Scripture.
Three prayer stations presenting ideas for craft projects to help make forgiveness more tangible for students.
This resource is part of the Living in Christ Series. It is a project idea for students to create a comic book/graphic novel about Paul's adventures in the Acts of the Apostles.
A class activity designed to raise awareness of the reality of hunger in our nation and world.


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We've collected some of our most popular products at very sharp prices. Buy 3 items of your choosing for ONLY €25! The offer applies to ALL products on this page, and you are free to mix and match as you please.
All you need to do is add 3 items to the shopping basket, and the discount will automatically be applied before you complete your purchase. You're more than welcome to go on a shopping spree and add more than 3 items to the basket - you could e.g. buy 6 items for €50.


text: Private country club. 18 hole Pete Dye designed championship golf course. Mature A-4 bent grass greens, long and short game practice areas, new renovations - golf bar, formal and casual dining areas, aquatic center, snack shack, veranda overlooking course, Wi-Fi accessible, banquet facilities and gourmet kitchen.


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Dehradun, Dec 19: The Tata Relief Committee (TRC) and the Government of Uttarakhand (GoUK) today signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) towards community rehabilitation and reconstruction in response to the impact of the floods and landslides in June 2013.
The scope of the MOU includes an overall framework within which rehabilitation initiatives may be implemented across themes of reconstruction, health, vocational skill training and enterprise based livelihoods.
It also provides for formal allocation of 9 villages across Rudraprayag, Uttarkashi and Pithoragarh to TRC for overall reconstruction and rehabilitation. A joint committee with representatives from the GoUK and TRC has also been established for supervision of the initiatives.
The MoU was signed by Rakesh Sharma (Additional Chief Secretary, Uttarakhand) and Sunil Bhaskaran (Vice Chairman, Tata Relief Committee). The occasion was also graced by Vijay Bahuguna (Hon. Chief Minister, Uttarakhand) and Subhash Kumar (Chief Secretary, Uttarakhand).
The Tata group had earlier responded to the floods, landslides of June 2013, through a dedicated rehabilitation programme in the State. The first phase of the programme focused on relief and medical assistance where over 10,000 beneficiaries were covered across Rudraprayag, Uttarkashi, Pithoragarh, Bageshwar and Chamoli districts, the company said in a statement.
A comprehensive impact assessment survey was also completed through the Tata Institute of Social Sciences covering around 90 villages across the state. The company has said the subsequent phase of the programme would focus on channeling resources towards long term rehabilitation efforts in affected areas.

industry_corpus2: Politics & Administration


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Department of Defense personnel often deploy to austere environments where clean water is not readily available. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation through the use of light emitting diodes (LEDs) in a portable device offers a potential method for expedient water treatment. This research studied the application of one diode, low power, UV LEDs and nine diode, high power, UV LEDs within a portable steel reactor and Teflon reactors of three different wall thicknesses. Reactor efficiency was determined through measuring and comparing the rate constants for Advanced Oxidation of hydrogen peroxide with yellow tartrazine as a witness dye. Experiments conducted with low power UV LEDs indicate that the medium thickness reactor has a statistically significant higher rate constant than the steel and thin cylinder reactors. All high power UV LED tests had rate constants ten times higher than the low UV LEDs, but exhibited no significant difference between materials or thicknesses. Additionally, this research examined the microorganism inactivation in the optimum reactor by exposing E. coli to UV radiation. The experiments demonstrated complete reduction of E. coli at a flow rate up to 15 mL/min, and a 2-Log reduction at 20 mL/min, thus demonstrating proof of concept for future portable UV LED disinfection units.
Gallucci, Drew D., "Material and Design Considerations for a Portable Ultra-Violet (UV) Light Emitting Diode (LED) Water Purification Device" (2016). Theses and Dissertations. 394.

industry_corpus2: Power & Energy


text: The Tola software project is a key element of the Program Performance and Quality (PaQ) portfolio which consists of functions for monitoring and evaluation (M&E), program management, and gender integration. The PaQ team was created to help every Mercy Corps program establish and maintain a gold standard for performance and impact. Tola has been in production since January 2016 and is being rolled out to all Mercy Corps countries. Using an agile process for development, the system continues to evolve and new features added to improve overall functionality and value to Mercy Corps' program teams. We are looking for additional support to help expedite development against our roadmap.


text: Synopsis: Are you sometime’s amazed at how many apostrophe’s s’ome people manage to fi’t into s’entence’s? Then you’re not the only one. That’s just the problem that needs to be solved in this outrageous comedy. This goofy show has an extremely flexible cast, audience participation, and really fun staging opportunities. It begs to be performed by silly students with a million clever ideas.


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This is the personal website from Nino Steiner Berlin, Germany.
Install the wire messenger, search and add @s7n (ensure privacy).
 de/en, free, open source, secure instant messenger with group chat, video & voice call and a lot more features. Developed in Berlin.


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Professional Teeth Whitening Strips to use at home. Results are now whiter than previously achieved by conventional teeth whitening strips. Crystal Smile's teeth whitening strips are a revolutionary peroxide free formula for a safe and effective whitening process. The peroxide free strips provide a gentle whitening treatment that doesn't damage tooth enamel or cause sensitivity. None of our products are tested on animals. Mess-free application & removal.
Crystal Smile's strips allow for a safe and affordable whitening of the teeth. Simple to apply and comfortable to wear, you will be able to reveal your great smile in just a few days. The whitening strips will target stains caused by the everyday eating and drinking of coloured foods and tobacco leaving your teeth whiter and brighter.

industry_corpus2: Health & Medicine


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The dispersal ability of queens is central to understanding ant life-history evolution, and plays a fundamental role in ant population and community dynamics, the maintenance of genetic diversity, and the spread of invasive ants. In tropical ecosystems, species from over 40 genera of ants establish colonies in the stems, hollow thorns, or leaf pouches of specialized plants. However, little is known about the relative dispersal ability of queens competing for access to the same host plants.
We used empirical data and inverse modeling—a technique developed by plant ecologists to model seed dispersal—to quantify and compare the dispersal kernels of queens from three Amazonian ant species that compete for access to host-plants. We found that the modal colonization distance of queens varied 8-fold, with the generalist ant species (Crematogaster laevis) having a greater modal distance than two specialists (Pheidole minutula, Azteca sp.) that use the same host-plants. However, our results also suggest that queens of Azteca sp. have maximal distances that are four-sixteen times greater than those of its competitors.
We found large differences between ant species in both the modal and maximal distance ant queens disperse to find vacant seedlings used to found new colonies. These differences could result from interspecific differences in queen body size, and hence wing musculature, or because queens differ in their ability to identify potential host plants while in flight. Our results provide support for one of the necessary conditions underlying several of the hypothesized mechanisms promoting coexistence in tropical plant-ants. They also suggest that for some ant species limited dispersal capability could pose a significant barrier to the rescue of populations in isolated forest fragments. Finally, we demonstrate that inverse models parameterized with field data are an excellent means of quantifying the dispersal of ant queens.
Copyright: © 2011 Bruna et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Funding: This research was supported by Grants DEB-0453631 and DEB-0452720 from the US National Science Foundation (http://nsf.gov). Publication of this article was funded in part by the University of Florida Open-Access Publishing Fund. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
The approximately 14,000 species of ants (family Formicidae) account for roughly one-third of the world's insect biomass . The dispersal ability of foundress queens is central to understanding ant life-history evolution, and also plays a fundamental role in ant population and community dynamics, the maintenance of genetic diversity, and the spread of invasive ant species , , , . However, with the exception of a few well-studied species , , little is known regarding the distances queens typically disperse when they leave their colonies to found new nests or the maximum distances they are capable of dispersing (but see e.g., , , ). This is because techniques commonly used to track dispersing animals (e.g., mark-recapture methods, radio transmitters) are rarely applicable to ants given their size, the structural complexity of the habitat through which they disperse, and the difficulty in identifying and surveying all potential nesting sites. Though genetic techniques for estimating dispersal appear promising , , their application may be limited owing to their stringent assumptions and challenges in sampling intensively enough to accurately estimate dispersal.
The dominance of ants is particularly pronounced in the tropics, where in addition to their numerical superiority they are critical predators, herbivores, ecosystem engineers, and agricultural pests . Species from at least 40 genera of tropical ants also establish colonies in the specialized stems, hollow thorns, leaf pouches, or petioles of plants known as ‘myrmecophyes’; these ants defend host-plants against herbivores and prune encroaching vegetation , . Multiple ant species often vie for the same species of host-plant , , and vacant plants in which queens can establish colonies are a limiting resource for which there is intense competition , , . Theory suggests that interspecific differences in the dispersal capability of ant queens play a key role in the maintenance of diversity in these communities, either via tradeoffs between dispersal ability and other life-history traits (e.g., competitive ability, colony fecundity), or from the interaction of dispersal limitation with spatial heterogeneity in host-plant density (reviewed in ). Studies in multiple plant-ant systems have demonstrated inequities in the competitive ability of ant queens or colonies , , plant and colony distribution consistent with habitat partitioning and patch dynamics , , and patterns of colonization that imply dispersal limitation , ,  or interspecific variation in dispersal ability , . Nevertheless, drawing general conclusions regarding the importance of dispersal for plant-ant coexistence requires quantitative descriptions of dispersal for multiple ants competing for access to the same host-plants.
The biology of myrmecophytes provides a unique opportunity to circumvent the challenges associated with quantifying ant queen dispersal in other systems. The ant species that nest in these plants do so obligately, and each is associated with a limited subset of plant species . Consequently, all ant colonies in a site, as well as all nesting sites to which queens could potentially disperse, can be readily identified by mapping the distribution of host plants , . We mapped all individuals of the understory shrubs Maieta guianensis and Tococa bullifera (both Melastomataceae) in 9 hectares of primary forest in the central Amazon (Figure 1). These two plant species serve as hosts for three species of ant symbionts that nest exclusively in their domatia: Crematogaster laevis, Pheidole minutula, and an undescribed species of Azteca , , . Crematogaster laevis competes for access to host plants with both Azteca sp. and P. minutula (Figure 2), and it has been hypothesized  that superior dispersal ability promotes its persistence in this system despite the inferior competitive ability of queens competing for access to host-plant seedlings , the poor defense colonies provides host-plants against herbivores , its low rates of colony persistence , and the high mortality rates of the host plants it occupies . After mapping all colonies of the three ant species, we transplanted vacant, greenhouse-grown seedlings of their host plants (N = 50 individuals of each species) into the central hectare of the plot and repeatedly surveyed them for colonization by ant queens (see Materials and Methods). These data, coupled with the location and size of established colonies, allowed us to estimate a probability density function describing the spatial redistribution of successfully dispersing queens (i.e., the ‘dispersal kernel’) of each ant species using ‘inverse modeling’ – a technique developed by plant ecologists to estimate the distances seeds are dispersed from fruiting trees , , . To our knowledge this is the first application of inverse modeling techniques to calculate the dispersal kernels of animals.
Figure 1. Map of established ant colonies and target seedlings.
Location and size of plants hosting colonies of Azteca sp., Crematogaster laevis, and Pheidole minutula and the location of experimentally planted seedlings (“trap plants”) of Maieta guianensis and Tococa bullifera.
Figure 2. Focal community of ant-plant mutualists.
Graphical depiction of the Amazonian plant-ant community used to quantify dispersal capability of ant queens. Values by arrows are the percentage of host-plants colonized by each species of ant in our 9-ha study site.
The median distance from colonized seedlings to the nearest potentially reproductive colony was significantly different among ant species (Kruskal-Wallis, H = 13.96, df = 2, p<0.001, Figure 3); experimentally transplanted vacant seedlings (hereafter, “trap plants”, analogous to seed traps used in plant ecology) colonized by Crematogatser laevis queens were significantly further from reproductive colonies than those trap plants colonized by queens of either Azteca sp. or Pheidole minutula (Steele's Nonparametric Multiple Comparison Test , Table 1). However, this is not because established C. laevis colonies were located further from trap plants. There was a significant difference among colonies of the different species in their proximity to trap plants (Table 2), but P. minutula colonies were actually further from trap plants than those of C. laevis (average distances from trap plants to colonies: Azteca sp.: 116.09 m±59.84 SD, C. laevis: 130.88 m±60.60 SD, P. minutula: 137.59 m±53.69 SD, Figure 4). Instead, our inverse models suggest C. laevis queens establish colonies furthest from natal colonies. Assuming a log-normal kernel (see Materials and Methods), the modal dispersal and colonization distance of Crematogaster laevis queens is double that of Pheidole minutula queens (40.1 m and 18.9 m, respectively) and eight-fold that of Azteca sp. (5 m; Table 3, Figure 5). The kernels also had very different shapes (Figure 5), suggesting that the maximal colonization distance of C. laevis is approximately 80 m, while queens of Azteca sp. may be capable of infrequent movements in excess of 400 m.
Figure 3. Distance from colonized seedlings to the nearest reproductive ant colony.
Histograms of the pairwise distances from each colonized trap plant to the nearest reproductive colony of the ant species that colonized it. A) Pheidole minutula: mean pairwise distance = 10.91 m±5.26 SD, B) Crematogaster laevis: mean pairwise distance = 37.49 m±25.92 SD, C) Azteca sp.: mean pairwise distance = 12.30 m±6.53 SD.
Figure 4. Pairwise distances from established colonies to trap plants.
Histograms of the distance from trap plants to colonies for each of the three focal ant species. The X axis shows the percentage of all colony-trap pairwise comparisons. A) Pheidole minutula: mean colony-trap distance = 137.59 m±53.69 SD, B) Crematogaster laevis: mean colony-trap distance = 130.88 m±60.60 SD, C) Azteca sp.: mean colony-trap distance = 116.09 m±59.84 SD.
Figure 5. Dispersal kernels for three species of Amazonian plant-ants.
Dispersal kernels (i.e., probability density functions describing the spatial redistribution of queens around reproductive colonies) for ant queens obligately nesting in Tococa bullifera or Maieta guianensis. These kernels are scaled for a colony housed in a plant of the median size observed in our 9-ha study plot.
Table 1. Result of Steel's Test comparing the median distance of colonized trap plants to the nearest reproductive colony for all pairwise comparisons of ant species.
Table 2. Nested Analysis of Variance comparing the average distance of trap plants to colonies of the three ant species (Crematogaster laevis, Azteca sp., Pheidole minutula) mapped in our 9 ha study site.
Table 3. Maximum-likelihood parameter estimates (MLE) and 95% support intervals (SI) for inverse models estimating the dispersal kernels of three mutualist ant species nesting in two species of Amazonian ant-plants.
We were able to estimate the shapes of effective dispersal kernals for queens of three ant species. The dispersal kernel for Crematogaster laevis had the greatest mode, suggesting that it generally disperses further than either ant species with which it competes for access to host plants. However, our results also revealed the potential for long-distance dispersal events by Azteca sp. That potential partner ant species differ significantly in their capacity to disperse to and colonize host-plants plants may help explain patterns of colonization and ant colony distribution previously observed in this  and other , ,  ant-plant systems. Along with the lack of specialized entrances to domatia (i.e., “lock-and-key” mechanisms, sensu ), interspecific differences in dispersal and colonization success may also be important mechanisms inhibiting the evolution of further specialization in ant-plant systems, in which there are often large differences in the quality of defense and host plant fitness associated with different ant partner species , , , .
It has previously been suggested  that smaller body size, and hence flight muscles, may explain why the Pheidole minutula queens have lower dispersal distances than those of Crematogaster laevis; the same appears to be true in other ant-plant systems . However, the Azteca sp. queens have the lowest modal dispersal distance of these three species, despite being similar in size to C. laevis. Given the potential for long distance dispersal by queens of Azteca sp., we hypothesize that this shorter modal dispersal distance instead reflects their superior efficiency at finding host plants. Testing this hypothesis will be challenging – it remains a mystery how plant-ant queens in flight identify host-plant seedlings against a backdrop of hundreds of other plant species , . However, it is likely they use a combination of visual and olfactory cues, as is the case with phytophagous insects . Indeed at short distances, queens have been shown to use volatiles emitted by plants to discriminate host-plants from closely related but non-myrmecophytic species , , . It may be that Azteca sp. queens have the ability to detect these volatiles at greater distances than their competitors, superior abilities to identify the shape of plants and the characteristic venation patterns of host-plant leaves, or both.
It is notable that the modal ant queen dispersal distances we estimated with inverse models are shorter than the average distances inferred using other techniques , ,  and well below the potential dispersal capacity suggested by observations of ants in novel or experimentally created habitat patches , . If host plant density is greater in our sites than in other systems, then queens might only be required to disperse short distances to find vacant host plants. A more likely explanation, however, is that previous studies have overestimated dispersal. This could result from not exhaustively mapping all potential source and destination host-plants in a site , , thereby missing many short-distance dispersal events.
Our study has two important caveats. First, it was conducted entirely during a three month period during the dry season. Little is known regarding the environmental cues that stimulate the nuptial flights of ant queens in tropical forests , but the colonization of seedlings by Pheidole minutula in our field sites appears to be closely linked to precipitation (; see also  for evidence from Peru of similar seasonality in colonization of Cordia by Allomerus octoarticulatus). If this seasonal variation in host plant colonization by P. minutula is common, then caution should be taken in estimating the total number of colonizations per year using our data. Second, we could be overestimating dispersal distances for all three species if queens arrive at experimental seedlings but left without attempting to colonize them or died prior to entering domatia. The low density of vacant plants ,  probably makes it extremely costly for a queen to disperse again once she has arrived at a host-plant seedling, and extensive field observations indicate that upon arriving at a seedling queens of all three focal taxa immediately shed their wings and attempt to enter domatia (HLV and TJI, personal observation). Some queens will probably die prior to colonizing the seedling on which they land, however, and there is some experimental evidence that P. minutula successfully enters domatia at a higher rate than C. laevis . It is therefore possible that using colonization of trap-plants by queens as a proxy for dispersal means that our results are conservative estimates true dispersal ability, especially for C. laevis. If so, our estimates of dispersal might best be called ‘realized dispersal’, i.e., dispersal followed by successful colonization , .
In conclusion, our results have implications for the study of plant-ant diversity in tropical ecosystems. First, tropical forests are increasingly fragmented by human activities, which isolates populations of ant-plant partners . The mating system of social insects makes them particularly susceptible to inbreeding , and isolated populations are frequently smaller than those in unbroken forest . If the distance separating fragments proves a barrier to dispersal for queens of some species, this will increase the likelihood that isolated populations of ants and their host-plants could suffer the detrimental effects of demographic, environmental, or genetic stochasticity . Second, a critical but rarely documented requirement of some mechanisms that promote coexistence in ant-plant communities is that poorer competitors or habitat specialists are superior dispersers. Our results are consistent with this hypothesis, but also suggest that attempting to categorize species as “good” or “poor” dispersers when testing models of competition-colonization tradeoffs is overly simplistic – is the best disperser the one that has the greatest potential dispersal distance or the one that dispersers further on average? Finally, we show that an inverse modeling approach can help overcome the challenges in quantifying ant dispersal in structurally complex habitats, not the least of which is the difficulty in documenting rare long-distance dispersal events .
All research was conducted with the approval of Brazil's National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, Permit Number 276/2005) and the Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA, Permit Number 226/2005).
Fieldwork was conducted January–September 2007 in Reserve #1501 of the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP). This 1,000 ha reserve is located 70 km north of Manaus, Brazil (2°30′S, 60°W) and is embedded in a large (>10,000 ha) expanse of primary forest. The habitat is non-flooded lowland rain forest, with a 30–35 m tall canopy and an understory dominated by stemless palms. Soils in the sites are highly acidic and nutrient poor xanthic farralsols with poor water retention capacity . Annual rainfall ranges from 1,900–3,500 mm per year, and there is a pronounced dry season from June–October .
Tococa bullifera (Melastomataceae) is an understory shrub that grows to a maximum height of 2–3 m. It has two pouches at the base of each leaf in which ant queens establish colonies , . Maieta guianensis (Melastomataceae), also an understory shrub, grows to a height of 1.5 m , . It has highly dimorphic paired leaves, with a pair of foliar pouches at the base of the larger leaves in which ants nest. In our study sites two ant species are associated with M. guianensis; most plants contain colonies of Pheidole minutula (95%), with the remainder occupied by Crematogaster laevis (5%). The ant associates of T. bullifera are an undescribed species of Azteca (67%) and Crematogaster laevis (∼33%) (Figure 2). These frequencies are similar to those reported in previous surveys conducted in our field sites . Although a previous study conducted in our study sites  has treated the Azteca species that colonizes T. bullifera and M. guianensis as the same one colonizing the sympatric myrmecophyte Cordia nodosa (Boraginaceae), this appears to be a misidentification resulting from the use of worker morphology to differentiate species. The complex taxonomy of Azteca requires using queens to distinguish species ; differences between Azteca queens from C. nodosa and those from T. bullifera in size, coloration, the shape of the propodeum, and the number of propodeal hairs strongly suggest these are distinct species (T. Izzo, unpubl. data). Although seedlings of both plant species can harbor incipient (i.e., non-reproductive) colonies of more than one ant species, adult plants house just a single colony of only one species. In addition to scavenging for insects on the leaf surface, resident ants tend coccids for honeydew inside domatia , .
From January–July 2007 we demarcated a 9-ha plot at reserve 1501 and then marked and mapped all Maieta guianensis and Tococa bullifera in the plot (Figure 1). For each plant we recorded the identity of its ant resident estimated its size by counting the number of domatia bearing leaves. We mapped a total of 217 M. guianensis (n = 10 with Crematogaster laevis colonies, n = 207 with Pheidole minutula colonies) and 79 Tococa bullifera (n = 26 with C. laevis colonies, n = 53 with Azteca sp. colonies).
Because colony size in Amazonian plant-ants is limited by the number of host-plant domatia , we used domatia number as a proxy for colony size. To estimate queen production as a function of colony size we destructively sampled 67 Tococa bullifera with Crematogaster laevis, n = 83 T. bullifera with Azteca sp., n = 87 Maieta guienensis with C. laevis and n = 101 M. guianensis with Pheidole minutula, all from nearby locations outside of the focal study area. Of these, 9, 9, 11, and 36 colonies (respectively), were reproductive. We used these reproductive colonies to estimate the relationship between colony size and queen production (Table 4); linear regression provided a better fit to the data than non-linear models (results not shown).
Table 4. Results of linear regressions testing for a relationship between the number of domatia a plant has and the number of queens counted in that a plant.
We then established an array of greenhouse-grown seedlings in the center of the 9-ha plot (Figure 1). The array was composed of n = 50 M. guianensis (for colonization by Pheidole minutula or Crematogaster laevis) and n = 50 T. bullifera (for colonization by Azteca sp. or C. laevis). Seedlings had at least two fully expanded leaves with domatia and were arranged in a grid with species alternating and plants separated from each other by 10 m. Seedlings of T. bullifera were grown from seeds collected in Reserve 1501 and germinated in a shade house in moist sand; because of the difficulty in germinating M. guianensis seeds we collected vacant M. guianensis seedlings in the reserve and transplanted them to containers filled with local soil and maintained in the same shade-house. From July–September 2007 we surveyed the target seedlings 15, 35, and 90 days after transplanting to record the presence and species identity of queens. All queens found were removed to allow for subsequent colonization, which previous work has shown does not influence the probability of re-colonization . There were n = 17 colonizations by C. laevis, n = 23 by Azteca sp., and n = 25 by P. minutula. Crematogaster laevis colonized n = 15 of its 100 potential host plant seedlings (15%), while Pheidole minutula colonized n = 17 out of 50 (34%) and Azteca sp. colonized n = 17 out of 50 (34%), while the remaining events were repeat colonizations of individual seedlings.
We used inverse models ,  parameterized with the observational and experimental data described above to characterize the colonization of host plants by queens of our three focal species. This method assumes that observed spatial variation in colonization of host plants by queens is a multiplicative function of queen production, which is based on the size of potential queen sources (i.e., host-plant size), and local dispersal, which is modeled with a dispersal kernel that accounts for proximity of the sources to experimental host seedlings. For thorough reviews of inverse models and their construction, assumptions, and application see , , .
The total number of dispersing queens, t, produced by a colony was estimated as a linear function of the number of domatia its host plant has as follows: (1)where the parameter a determines the steepness in the increase in queen production with the number of domatia, and b determines the intercept of the domatia-queen production relationship.
where d is the observed distance between the colony and the vacant host plant seedling, X0 is the distance at which maximum recruitment occurs (i.e., the mode of the dispersal kernel), Xb determines the breadth or spread of the dispersal kernel, and η is a normalization constant equal to the arcwise integration of the dispersal kernel .
Combining local queen production Q and the dispersal kernel results in a model for the potential number of queens in trap plant i over the course of our sampling interval: (3)where tk is the number of queens of k = 1…n colonies within the maximal dispersal distance (in meters) suggested by our model in the 9 ha plot, dik is the distance from host plant i to source plant k, and f() is the lognormal dispersal kernel. For all analyses we assumed that the expected density of queens in a host plant follows a negative binomial distribution, reflecting the high degree of clumping observed in the data . We used simulated annealing, a global optimization algorithm, to find the parameter values that maximized the likelihood of observed recruitment densities. We also calculated asymptotic 95% support limits for all the parameters. These Analyses were conducted using R v2.9.2 statistical software  and the packages “Likelihood 1.3” and “NeighLikeli 1.0”, as were all statistical analyses.
We thank Scott Powell, W. Getz, and three anonymous reviewers for comments on the manuscript and Emilia Zoppas de Albuquerque, Wesley Dáttilo and Osmaildo Ferreira da Silva for assistance in the field. The BDFFP staff provided invaluable logistical help; this is publication 582 in the BDFFP technical series. Data used in this paper have been archived at Dryad (www.datadryad.org): doi:10.5061/dryad.h6t7g.
Conceived and designed the experiments: EMB BDI HLV TJI. Performed the experiments: TJI. Analyzed the data: EMB MU BDI HLV TJI. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MU. Wrote the paper: EMB BDI HLV MU TJI.
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If you own a home, there are a lot of areas to consider, and plumbing is one of the important ones. It’s important for your daily routine as you’re cooking and cleaning and staying hygienic. Many of those pipes are behind your walls, so there’s a lot that can happen behind the scenes. Here are some of the signs that you may need to call a plumber from Daly City.
While some noises are normal in the world of plumbing, you should keep an ear on your pipes and try to catch anything out of the ordinary. For instance, if you hear pipes knocking while you’re in the shower, that could mean that there’s an issue with the water pressure or that something’s loose. Gurgling noises could indicate a clog. If you hear water in your pipes when no one is using the water, that often means that there’s a leak somewhere.
You shouldn’t smell much of anything from your water, and if you do, then you should call a plumber from Daly City to check it out. If you get the rotten egg smell of sulfur, then you may have trouble with a broken vent or a sewer pipe beneath your home. If you smell gas, then you may have a gas leak. As these are potentially very harmful, you should get a professional to check it out immediately.
Water isn’t supposed to come out colored, either, and different colors in your water can mean different things are getting into the water. Green or blue water means that copper plumbing is corroding, with blue appearing in the more advanced stages. Rust can turn water red, brown, or yellow. If air gets into the pipes, it can even make your water white or cloudy.
While it might seem obvious at first glance that you should call a plumber if you have water trouble, many homeowners wait too long, and in doing so, they let leaks or other damage get worse. Monitor your water pressure and temperature for any deviation and get plumbers from Daly City if the water starts behaving abnormally. For instance, you might get low water pressure from anything from clogged or burst pipes to a damaged water heater. Water heater issues could also mean that your water doesn’t get warm. Other water problems include a visible leak, a continual drip from a faucet, or even slow sink drainage. If you’re experiencing any of these signs or anything else unusual with your plumbing, call a plumber today!


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Unless you’re a professional writer who makes enough to forgo the day job, finding time to schedule writing is one of your biggest challenges. And, everyone has their own way of dealing with it.
Stephen King set up a little school desk in the laundry room of his trailer when he wrote Carrie during the evenings after the kids were in bed. Probably many of my indie writer friends and even some traditionally published authors can relate. Carrie, which, according to his book, On Writing, he later threw in the trash because he didn’t like it. His wife later retrieved it and sent the crumpled mess to a publisher who agreed with her on it’s merits.
Many writers have a particular time and place they set aside for writing, whether it’s in the evenings at their kitchen table or on a laptop while sitting on the sofa after the kids are in bed. Others try to steal a few minutes here and there to write. Some even sit up in bed with the next great book idea and rush to get it down before the fleeting thoughts fade.
I’m not sure there is a “right” way to schedule writing — it’s a function of what’s right for you. But, if you’re still struggling with finding time to write, here’s some advice I’ve gleaned from writers over the years.
First, a disclaimer — I don’t always follow my own advice. Just like your mom, I ask that you do as I say, not as I do.
I think it’s critically important to schedule writing time every day — at least 5 days a week. Stephen King recommends 2000 words a day, but I think that’s a bit much.
Look at the image below and you’ll see some really important books and how long they took to write — which varies from 2.5 days to 16 years. I would definitely recommend you stay within that timeframe somewhere — and preferably toward the shorter timeframe. I wrote Buried Ladies in about 3 months, but spent another 2-3 editing it, which, in my case, was pretty significant. It’s taken a little longer to write the sequel, Scars of the Past, mainly because I was distracted with formatting and marketing the first book. I anticipate releasing Scars of the Past in time for the Brain to Books Con in April.
I don’t meet my 2000k words goal every day, but I do endeavor to work on it every day — except the weekend, which I devote to family and me time. Sometimes that’s only a bit of editing or some research, sometimes it’s writing whole chapters.
The challenge to schedule writing time is dwarfed by other issues in writing and the biggest is writer’s block.
I learned an effective way to deal with writer’s block in a graduate writing course. It’s called free writing.
With free writing, you don’t let common writing challenges, like grammar, spelling, story, etc, interfere with your writing. Just write … anything that comes to your head is great. Just put it down on paper. Worry about spelling and grammar later. Or where it fits in your story, if at all, can wait. Just write something.
Preferably write uninterrupted for 30 minutes (or more) without censoring yourself. Maybe what you write is total crap and you throw the whole thing away, but, more likely, you’ll find some gems in the unfettered writing you un-self-consciously generated. Sometimes we’re our own worst critics or too timid to write what we want. Free writing gets you beyond all that.
Some folks us Scrivener to help organize these bits of writing. I’ve found Scrivener has a steep learning curve that I’m not willing to invest my limited time in learning. Instead, being OLD, I keep a pen and paper beside my computer and a white board behind my desk. If I’m having trouble free writing on my current novel, I’ll just scribble down something on these low-tech devices.
Another thing I find I do is basically free write my novel across a large number of sessions. Mostly I free write at the current position, but sometimes I’m inspired to free write about something earlier — or later. I just free write wherever I want because, with word processing, I can move bits around wherever they fit.
That also means I’m writing basically a skeleton of my novel. That’s probably why my editing process is massive, adding more than a third of the finished word count to the novel. My first edit, the most massive, involves fleshing out my characters and scenes, adding descriptions and dialog, and filling in gaps I left in the story.
The next edit involves cleaning up the story to make sure it flows well, moving and deleting bits that don’t work and doing continuity to make sure I’m not contradicting parts of the story in other parts.
Finally, I do 2 edits for grammar and spelling; first on screen, and second on paper.
Finally, I format for print and ebook and I’m off to the races.


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Discussion thread for all eight Precure All Stars Movies.
Discussion thread for thirteenth Precure Installment!
Discussion thread for twelfth Season of Precure Series!
Discussion thread for eleventh Season of Precure Series.
Discussion for the English Dub of Smile Precure! By Saban.
Discussion thread for seventh Season of Precure Series.
Discussion for sixth Season of Precure Franchise!


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23 grams of whey protein per serving.
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industry_corpus2: Biopharmaceuticals


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When I was an undergrad in Hispanic Studies, I read Esther Tusquets’s novel The Same Sea as Every Summer in Spanish. The novel was incredibly hard for me to read. I suffered so much with this book that I never read anything by this author again.
Recently, I discovered that, after a long silence, Tusquets has published a new novel. I started reading it and realized that the text was very accessible and not hard at all.
“She started writing much better,” I concluded.
Then, for the purposes of my research I started rereading The Same Sea as Every Summer that had been so hard for me to read 10 years ago. Surprisingly, there was nothing at all complicated or confusing about this text.
It turns out that Tusquets did not become a better writer. Rather, I have become a better reader of Spanish.
I love those moments of clarity when we learn something about ourselves. It can sometimes be truly revolutionary! http://meantforsomethingbetter.com/2012/03/07/what-blank-taught-me/ I try to learn something from all I do.


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English: from a Norman personal name, Leodegar, Old French Legier, of Germanic origin, composed of the elements liut ‘people’, ‘tribe’ + gar, ger ‘spear’. The name was borne by a 7th-century bishop of Autun, whose fame contributed to the popularity of the name in France. (In Germany the name was connected with a different saint, an 8th-century bishop of Münster.
Also a variant of Letcher, in part a deliberate alteration to avoid the association with Middle English lecheor ‘lecher’.
French: Variation of Léger. A nickname from léger ‘light’, ‘superficial’.
Dutch (also de Leger): occupational name from Middle Dutch legger, ligger ‘bailiff’, ‘tax collector’.


text: If you like shooting air pistols, think they are cool and you just want to plink and kill tin cans or just have fun shooting in your back yard and you are not concerned about pest control, hunting or need a lot of power, then a power range of 3 to 5 foot pounds of energy is all you will need. At a distance of 10 yards, the pellet or bb will stick into a Douglas fir 2 x 12 with very little penetration. This is also the perfect power range for stinging dogs and cats and making them not want to come back. These air pistols are most accurate with light weight wad cutter or round nose pellets ranging in weight from 4 grains to 8 grains. Pointed pellets should be avoided because they are known to be a cause of a jammed magazine. The “magic” pellet is found by balancing the weight of the pellet to the air pressure that the gun puts out; each air pistol has its own personality. Even though some of the air pistols in this category look like the real thing, they should in no way be considered for self defense.


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I worked on my site today, and a note comes up that says I don't have space to publish. I went back and took out numerous photos, words, etc.
Everything is showing as published. You are using 24.86mb of 25mb. If you don't have any more you can remove, then you can upgrade space for $2/month we add 1gb.


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