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Every organization talks about product reliability in some manner. Sometimes our customers provide explicit reliability requirements. Sometimes our customers have an expected metric to report reliability expectations. Our industry may have a ‘standard’ means to discuss reliability. Or, we have a local ‘tradition’.
One of the most common is MTBF.
MTBF, or Mean Time Between Failure, and the many variations of this term have a one thing in common. It is the most misunderstood four letter acronym in engineering. For the purpose of this discussion I am using MTBF and most of the comments equally apply to MTTF, MTBUR, etc.
During a presentation on this subject to a group of reliability professionals, I asked if anyone in the room had encounter trouble with MTBF. Nearly every person of the over 100 in attendance quickly raised their hand. We spent the next hour sharing horror stories resulting from the misuse of MTBF.
Technically, MTBF (MTTF actually, more on that later) is unbiased estimator of the exponential distribution parameter, theta. This is based on how we calculate the value based on either test or field data.
If we have 50 units that all run for 100 hours and right at the end of 100 hours one of the units fails. We can calculate the MTBF as follows. First determine the total hours all the units operated. That’s easy, 50 units times 100 hours is 5,000 hours. Then divide the total operating hours by the number of failures. In this simple example, that is one, for a resulting MTBF = 5,000/1 = 5,000 hours.
Note: if we had 100 units run for 50 hours and had one failure at the end of 50 hours, the result is the same. Or, if one unit runs for 5,000 hours before failing. Or, 5,000 units each running for one hour, then one fails. Weird, right?
Well, not so strange if the underlying failure mechanism has a equal chance of causing a failure every hour (or moment). If the chance of failure is constant, or we say the hazard rate or failure rate is constant, then the above method to estimate MTBF is valid.
There are better ways to estimate MTBF when the assumption of a constant failure rate is not true. Yet, most often MTBF is calculated as described above.
How often do you change incandescent light bulbs? Randomly, right? When a bulb burns out (why does it always seem to be the hardest to reach and least available bulb?) you find a spare bulb and replace the burned out one. Do you then think about changing the rest of the similar light bulbs in the house? Probably not.
Note: Light bulbs really do not follow the exponential distribution for time to failure. Bill Meeker did the experiments and conveyed this information to me after reviewing this site. I’ll update this note once I find a good example. In the meantime, let’s assume light bulbs follow a random pattern with respect to time to failure.
Incandescent light bulbs tend to follow the exponential life distribution. (This is not actually true, yet in my experience and limited data the time-to-failure distribution in my home is close enough.) And as such there is no rationale to conduct preventative maintenance. The memoryless feature of the distribution suggest the new bulb has exactly the same chance of failure in the next hour as the existing working light bulb. So there is no time or cost benefit to the preventative replacement.
Note: Talking to Professor Bill Meeker, discovered that he had a group of student run a life test on incandescent light bulbs. They found that the life distribution is actually best modeled by a normal distribution, not exponential. Bill recommended that we think of the failure rate of a ceramic mug – which typically fails by dropping to the floor and shattering or being struck and chipped. The failure rate may well be exponential in that case.
Now, if your community is like mine, you receive annual reminders to change the batteries in your smoke detectors. Those 9V batteries do tend to wear out. Ignoring the preventative maintenance leads to middle of the night low battery power ‘beeps’ from the smoke detector.
In support of the statement, ‘worst four letter acronym’ consider each element of the four letters.
Speaking statistically, this is the expected value or the first moment of the distribution. Each distribution has a mean value.
It was drilled into our engineering minds. The learned response was ‘mean’ is ‘average’ is the 50th percentile of a normal distribution. One half of values are above and one half are below.
Therein dwells the root of a mistaken understanding of MTBF. Not all distributions have the same properties concerning mean values, which was most likely not mentioned during the undergraduate statistics course. For example, the exponential family of distributions has a expected value or mean which defined as the 63.2 percentile. One third (36.79%) of values are above and two thirds (63.21%) are below.
Let’s assume we have 1000 light bulbs with an MTBF of 100 hours. How many will still be working at the end of 100 hours of operation?
Each hour each light bulb has a 1 in 100 chance of failing. Therefore we lose about 10 the first hour.
This is as expected if using the reliability function of the exponential distribution.
If we run the time out a little further the plot shows what we commonly call the exponential decay. The chance of failure each hour for each light bulb is the same. It just takes more time to have the same number of failures. the first hour of the experiment with 1000 light bulbs, 10 failed (1000 x 1/100 = 10 failures in one hour). When there are only 500 light bulbs remaining, it takes two hours to incur 10 failures (500 x 1/100 = 5 failures in one hour).
Hours, cycles, years, pages and many more ways of counting some form of use are common. Recall that the MTBF is the inverse of failure rate. The failure rate units are the number of failures per unit time. Inverting this give us units of time (hours, cycles, years, …) per failure.
I am not sure why (tend to think it was a marketing decision) someone decided to invert the negative connotation of ‘failures/hour’ into the positive sounding ‘hours/failure’.
Therein clicks another issue with MTBF. The units of MTBF, often in hours, is often confused with clock or calendar time. It really is a confusing unit of measure to convey the probability of failure. Instead of stating a light bulb has a 0.01 chance of failure per hour of operation, our dislike for numbers between 0 and 1 (recall probability and stats classes!) is avoided by inverting the failure rate. Now it reads 100 hours MTBF. Sounds much better.
Either way, between or before, when linked with the rest of the acronym it conveys a failure free period. It would have been better to state MTF, Mean Time of Failures. While that suggestion isn’t really that good, the idea of a failure free period, is not part of the definition.
I heard one design team manager explain MTBF as the time to expect from one failure to the next. The time between failures. So, once a failure occurs, we have the MTBF hours before we would expect the next failure.
MTTF, the closely associated metric, uses To instead of Between, and creates the same confusion. With To, Before or Between, two thirds of the light bulbs will fail at the 100 hour mark.
Who defines this in your organization? Do your customers return the product and they are classified No Trouble Found? In a classical sense a product failure is when the product does not met stated performance specifications. Yet, customers will return products that fail to meet their expectations and it still creates warranty expenses.
In many forms of product testing only apply one form of stress which only promotes a subset of all possible failure mechanism. Basing MTBF calculation on a single stress test, while possible to be accurate enough, is often missing important life-cycle conditions, stresses and failure mechanisms.
The simple issue here is the internal definition of failure which well may be different than your customers definition. Be clear and concise, plus open to new definitions of failure. It is generally limited to product specifications.
Karl Pearson first mention of the ‘negative exponential distribution’ in 1895. The Exponential Distribution has a number of interesting properties, one of which takes advantage of the tools available in the 1950’s and 60’s.
Specifically the ability to add failure rates (inverse of MTBF is the failure rate). Adding was rather easy at the time using mechanical and later electric adding machines. Using a slide rule and tables for the exponents is cumbersome with possibly 100’s or 1,000’s of calculations.
In 1961, the first issue of the MIL-HDBK-217 detailed how to perform parts count predictions. The method relied on the ability to add failure rates. Work continues to this day to update and revise the methodology. These efforts may take us out of the era of mechanical adders, as today doing complex calculations is as easy as turning the crank.
Today we have models and distributions for the complex array of failure mechanisms and should take advantage of this knowledge. Limiting the combination of failure rate information to a constant for each component distorts and misleads those attempting to make decisions based on the prediction or data analysis.
So, while it is a convenient assumption to say the component, product or system has a constant failure rate, this is often not true. And, this assumption does lead to very poor understanding, modeling and decisions related to real products.
The obvious misuse stems from the various means individuals misunderstand MTBF. For example, if an electric engineer believes MTBF to be a failure free period his selection of components will have a significantly less desirable field failure rate.
Another simple issue is the advertising of product or component reliability by simply stating an MTBF value. Without stating the conditions, environment, usage period, and other reliability related bits of information, the reader is left to wonder what the MTBF really means. For a component that has an increasing failure rate over time, like a cooling fan that experiences bearing wear out, the MTBF is a valid approximation of the fan failure rate over some specific period of time. The fan datasheet often does not state the expected duration over which the constant failure rate applies. If the vendor is designing and evaluating fan life for an expected one year of use, then the life data may actually be exponential. If the application the electrical engineering is considering the inclusion of a cooling fan is to operate for 10 years, then surprised when the product qualification or field performance experiences higher than expected fan failures.
The most costly misuse of MTBF is the years of wasted effort collecting failure data on equipment that have no relationship other than equipment type, i.e. pump. I know of reliability engineers at large oil refineries that try to use MTBF to gauge the reliability of 3000+ pumps of all shapes, sizes, functions, applications, and most importantly, failure modes. This is ludicrous.
Totally agree – and you are on to something there – focus on failure mechanisms and I would recommend not using MTBF and specifying reliability completely for each model of pump (or failure mechanism within a reliability model for each type of pump) including probability of success, duration, environment, and function.
Actually, The Aircraft Reliability industry did lots of work on this over the past ten years through the ATA Spec2000 process (See Spec2000 Reliability Interest Group RIG) where much was done to standardise these metrics and more.
MTTF is now the mean time of the life achieved by the group of assets that Failed (does not include those that are still operating) Not like MTBF that includes unit operating hours of the assets that have not yet failed during the time period of analysis which of course if used incorrectly, produces an unrealistic MTTF expectation.
MTBF can be a very useful metric if applied and used correctly but like any other tool, if used improperly can cause more grief than good. If enough data points over a large time period are used, Eventually MTBF will settle out pretty close to what MTTF is. If you look at a large air carrier like SWA you will see this happen over about a decade in their data. On the other hand in Plant Maintenance data, it tends not to occur like this due to poor record keeping and/or small data populations.
When making reliability improvements I tend to use Weibul analysis for a better grasp of the real realibility but again, you have to have some good data.
Thanks for the note and I was not aware of the work in the aircraft industry.
If I understand how you defined the calculation of MTTF as not using suspensions – then it is a very conservative value as a representation of the population. I still believe and am trying to show clearly that using a single value, even is used correctly, does not adequately describe the reliability of anything. As a minimum I hope any reporting of MTBF or MTTF includes the duration over which those values are applicable. Better would be to use the appropriate distribution or non-parametric method and not limit the industry to a single value.
Great idea for a website, but poor implementation.
Two errors in your first description section alone, and more throughout. I agree with the issue, but you should have done your research.
Technically: MTBF is not equal to MTTF. MTBF is only correctly used in scenarios with repair, when it properly includes the admin/logistics/repair/checkout delays before starting an operational phase again. MTTF does not include these additional periods, when used properly. Imprecise use of terms is an artifact of lack of deep understanding, and that is where we fully agree on the root cause of many of these issues.
Even more important is the single greatest error that most people make, equating MTTF with the exponential distribution. MTTF is defined in a precise mathematical manner and has no specific tie to the exponential, Gaussian, Weibull or any other distribution other than each of these has a mean value.
then the conditional probability of failure of a component in some finite period of time tends to a constant rate. Which looks like an exponential distribution to the person who doesn’t understand why his logistician is specifying replacements at a constant rate and his system is working effectively. This is what Hans was addressing, and his point about poor record keeping confounding the results is well put.
Thanks for reading and providing careful comments. The post is obviously not written for you, yet I do hope you found a few lines of reasoning to help with your explanations and clarifications for those that abuse MTBF.
I have found most confuse the calculations and reporting of MTBF, including those that should know better – thus the idea to just not use MTBF or related measures at all. There are endless ‘rules’ for what is or is not counted. One military manual for the four services listed over 500 ways to count and calculation MT-something.
The lightbulb distribution was done by students of Bill Meeker – they most certainly did the experiment and analysis carefully. No mistakes there, I’m sure.
There is certainly plenty of room for improvement and better implementation of data collection and analysis. Hopefully this site helps to keep that discussion going.
Again thanks for your comments.
Also, if you’d like to write a post for the site – my offer stands that if you generate more than 1200 pageviews in a Friday thru Friday week – I’ll send you a NoMTBF coffee mug. See http://nomtbf.com/2013/05/nomtbf-guest-post-challenge/ for details.
I really like the notion of eradicating the MISUSE of MTBF. But MTBF is useful when used correctly.
The above article PERILS suffers greatly from confusing the failure rate with the hazard rate. An exponential distribution has a constant hazard rate and an exponential failure rate.
In biostatistics we tend to avoid parametric time to event modelling as was suggested in some posts. Semi-parametric approaches are fairly robust and flexible and one does not have to make unnecessary assumptions on the underlying function which are hard to check. Obviously, I come from a completely different background, so forgive my ignorance in the subject, but why not using hazard ratios to describe failures (whichever way they are defined)?
Works for me. Survival analysis leans a bit more on non-parametric methods which tends to conservative overall. At times adding the distribution provides a bit more power and precision, and as you mention is often difficult to prove.
Dealing with sparse data in any situation is difficult, and doing a simple average and calling it MTBF is not the solution.
Put something in place for that Failure Mechanism.
Measure the MTBF caused by that Failure Mechanism and look for change.
Good reporting of failures is essential for correct analysis of MTBF and.
How are you doing? Please kindly explain full concept on the above mentioned subject and the impact on maintainability and reliability?
The article does a pretty good job of explain why MTBF or MTTF are not useful. Yet, let me summarize. MTBF and the like inverse average failure rates attempt to represent the reliability performance of a product or system. These measures represent reliability performance poorly and allow engineers and managers to make very poor decisions. We should use informative summaries of reliability performance to make decisions.
Sure, I think, if you have existing time to failure data or other information relating to the expected life distribution of the device. What data or information do you have available?
Thanks for the kind words and question, Juan Carlos, much appreciated.
While I really do not like using MTBF the various growth models do help track progress toward a goal. I’d much rather use a system reliability block diagram model and use the appropriate reliability distributions for each block, yet that is not always feasible.
I like the growth models has it helps understand if we’re finding and fixing enough of the reliability issues fast enough.
I enjoyed reading your site and completely agree with the abuse MTBF has had in various industries. I was employed last year right after college as a reliability engineer and quickly grew to loathe MTBF. I work on calculating failure rates for the U.S. Nuclear Submarines various systems and personally hold proper analytics to be of the utmost importance. I am currently working with my company to fund getting a software to model data using a Weibull Distribution or rather a more appropriate distribution after performing a Goodness of Fit test. My goal is to convince my company that MTBF can no longer be used to provision for spares. I believe using the time at which the reliability is equal to 50% would be much more accurate do you agree?
Hi Dylan, sorry for the delay with your comment. Thanks for writing. I’m not sure 50% would be more accurate… setting timelines for repair/replacements really depends on the cost of the repair and the cost of the downtime. Higher cost of downtime the earlier one would do the replacement (less probability of failure).


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How had I never heard of Cooper Cronk until the last few months? Cooper Cronk. Every time that name is mentioned on the TV or radio I am convinced this is a guy whose destiny was the very east coast Australian domain of Rugby League (or NRL if you will). With a name like that it was inevitable; young Coop boofing his way to the fifth tackle for the Under 12 Greater Southern Potoroos before being signed up by the West Force Barramundi. An illustrious career ensued, only dented by a minor scandal involving a night out in the Cross, a high tackle and a leery headline in the Daily Telegraph. None of this is – I suspect – true, but there is a real NRL player called Cooper Cronk. That much I do know.
Fast forward a month or two and now we have the prospect of hearing how amazing Nathan Lyon is. Or in the conspicuously lady-free, nasally dominated domain of ex-Australian pom-slayers-turned-commentators, Naaaayfun Lawwwn. Also known as Gary. Every cherry a potential wicket inducing minor orgasms in the eight man wicket-keeping slip and bat pad cordon. Two-nil down already and I haven’t even put up the Christmas decorations. Summer could be long.
It’s taken a while for summer in Canberra to arrive, with the inevitable false starts and the fake summer that usually emerges for a week or so in October before retreating with startling rapidity. The variable weather conditions are largely a boon for nature which bursts into a frenzy of colour and gargantuan jungle of weeds. One minute you have a perfectly respectable outside patio area, the next it’s a (*culture alert*) frenzied sketch from Rousseau. Best to try and ignore the weeding and admire how the professionals manage things at the Botanic Gardens.
There is a point for me in which winter in Canberra is definitely over and summer is certainly on the way. It’s that day when you decide to walk in the shade to cool down and protect, rather than seek out a warming sun and its melanoma vengeance. You know you should get your floppy hat out despite looking like a numpty in it. And largely avoid the midday sun for disproven fear that it is this that is making your hair grey and not the inevitable march of age and genetics.
Anyway, the best times are the day’s extremities as the amount of sunshine increases. Those cool mornings when Wattlebirds wake you up at 5am and you could be tempted to a) get on your bike for a beautiful lakeside ride of virtue or b) turn on the radio in the hope that you will doze back to news of Cooper Cronk being signed by the Northern Beaches Numbats. And, at the other end, there’s those lingering light evenings, in which twilight golf is a possibility and cold beer and barbecues become a more frequent consideration.
Just as things seem to be settling into a predictable pattern of bliss, a customary late spring upper level trough decides to utter from the mouths of weather forecasters everywhere and the climate becomes far more volatile. Clouds bubble up over the mountains, humidity progresses towards the Darwin end of the scale, and intense thunderstorms turn graffiti decorated storm drains into brown river rapids. The temperature drops fifteen degrees in fifteen minutes and suddenly you are having to resort to long trousers again.
All this water, all this sunshine, all this warmth and cool change. A time for shorts and hoodies and rainbows, many rainbows. Rainbows and butterflies as summer seems to assert itself with greater authority. But still Christmas hovers as a lottery between scorching bushfires and mild drizzle; no doubt it will be 35 degrees for a classic roast or a chilly 18 for a poolside barbie with novelty oversized prawns. Only time will tell.
And as we near the longest day in Australia, and news of Cooper Cronk’s feats fade (largely because those leftist latte-lovers of our ABC go on holiday for two months #persecutedmiddleagedangrywhitemales), the sense of a summer upon us is all too clear. There is vibrancy accumulated from all that has gone before and a buzz of preparedness for crackling heat that will come. On Red Hill, the scene is set; cool early mornings in which to forage among the long shadows, and golden glowing evenings turning fiery red. In between, sit back and enjoy – or endure – those whirling cherries.

industry_corpus2: Sports


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Our mirror bar corner units perfectly complement our modular mirror bar units which are straight in shape, meaning that you can customise the shape of your mirror bar slightly to suit your venue or marquee. In other words, you are not simply confined to having a straight line bar as these corner units, set at a 45 degree angle, enable your bar to be set up at angles, providing a more contemporary look and feel, whilst also keeping the consistent height and serving space which is so valuable at busy temporary bar events.
From our nationwide network of sales and distribution centres, Event Hire UK is able to service most events in most locations, and our expert sales team are on hand to be able to help and advise when it comes to mobile bar configurations and best fit for your venue and the number of guests that you are expecting.
Contact us today to discuss all your requirements for your upcoming event – we will be delighted to assist.

industry_corpus2: Real Estate & Construction


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York Mills, part of the former borough of North York, is the name of the large collection of neighbourhoods between the 401 and York Mills Road, east of Yonge Street and west of the Don Valley in northern Toronto.
Included in the York Mills area are the communities of York Heights, St. Andrew – Windfields and Hoggs Hollow.
The Titans have had tremendous success with Cole Ketrzynski and his brothers: three North Region titles, three city championships and two OFSAA medals.


text: After finally standing up to the corrupt owner of Milliard Trey, Rasati finds herself battling two top-ranked fighters. Her only chance of victory is to react with her Edel Raid sister, Lilia…but does Lilia have the courage to fight? Later, Coud and Ren take their first ride on a ship. But when Coud is stalked by an obsessed fan and hunted by an assassin, he discovers this is one boat ride that could make him sick of the sea!

industry_corpus2: Film & Entertainment


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#EAFEFE (or 0xEAFEFE) is unknown color: approx Azure. HEX triplet: EA, FE and FE. RGB value is (234,254,254). Sum of RGB (Red+Green+Blue) = 234+254+254=742 (98% of max value = 765). Red value is 234 (91.80% from 255 or 31.54% from 742); Green value is 254 (99.61% from 255 or 34.23% from 742); Blue value is 254 (99.61% from 255 or 34.23% from 742); Max value from RGB is 254 - color contains mainly: green, blue. Hex color #EAFEFE is not a web safe color. Web safe color analog (approx): #FFFFFF. Inversed color of #EAFEFE is #150101. Grayscale: #F8F8F8. Windows color (decimal): -1376514 or 16711402. OLE color: 16711402.
HSL color Cylindrical-coordinate representation of color #EAFEFE: hue angle of 180º degrees, saturation: 0.91, lightness: 0.96%. HSV value (or HSB Brightness) of color is 1% and HSV saturation: 0.08%. Process color model (Four color, CMYK) of #EAFEFE is Cyan = 0.08, Magento = 0, Yellow = 0 and Black (K on CMYK) = 0.00.

industry_corpus2: Computing & Telecommunications


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Rural connectivity is not an end in itself. It is a means which is expected to improve indicators of education, health and rural incomes. The primary objective of the PMGSY is to provide Connectivity, by way of an all weather road. But have you seen an all weather road or what u have seen was just a fair weather road? Do you know that to ensure the quality of the road works is the responsibility of the state governments? Aapke yahan haalat kaise hain? Kya aap jaante hain ki sahi kaam na hone par shikayat kahan karni hai? Ya aapke pas koi aisa tarika hai jisse adhikariyon ki jimmedari sunischit ki ja sake…?
We do not run any fund raising drive to raise public money in the name of any programmes. All designated co-ordinators and volunteers of our organisation are not assigned any task of raising funds for any initiative taken by our organisation. If anybody contacts you in the name of our organization for the purpose of raising money, contact us at +91-9559275914 or e-mail us at info@raisethyvoice.com.
RaiseThyVoice © 2019. All Rights Reserved.

industry_corpus2: Subject Education


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A declaration is a statement adopted by governments from around the world. Declarations are not legally binding, but they outline goals for countries to work towards.
The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (the Declaration) represents 20 years of negotiation between Indigenous peoples, governments and human rights experts, and argues that Indigenous peoples all around the world are entitled to all human rights, including collective rights.
The rights within the Declaration, which was formally adopted by Australia in 2009, set standards for the survival, dignity and well-being of Indigenous peoples.
Why have a Declaration for Indigenous peoples?
The Declaration is necessary to combat the policies of assimilation and integration employed by colonisers throughout the world that have uprooted, marginalised and dispossessed First Nation peoples. This common history of dispossession created many circumstances that remain unique to Indigenous cultures. These groups bear similar marks of colonisation, while continuing to practice their incredibly diverse cultures and traditions.
The rights of all people are protected through international law mechanisms. However, what these fail to provide to Indigenous peoples are the “specific protection of the distinctive cultural and group identity of indigenous peoples as well as the spatial and political dimension of that identity, their ways of life.” Prior to the Declaration there was a lack of a legal guarantee of Indigenous communities to their collective rights, such as ownership of traditional lands, the return of sacred remains, artefacts and sites, and the guarantee of governments to honour treaty obligations.
What does the Declaration mean for Australia?
The Declaration sets out rights both for individuals and collective groups. This reflects the tendency of Indigenous groups around the world, to organise societies as a group (a clan, nation, family or community). An example of these group rights is the acknowledgment that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities have the right to own country, hold cultural knowledge as a group and the right to define their groups.
Some other rights secured in the document include, the right to equality, freedom from discrimination, self-determination and self-government. Many of these rights are already secured through Commonwealth and State legislation. However, the Declaration is Australia’s promise that mechanisms will be put in place to ensure that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples will be able to benefit from these rights.
The significant disadvantages currently faced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australia only serve to highlight the ongoing relevance and importance of the Declaration.
 Participation in decisions that affect the lives of First Nation peoples.
 Control over their lives and futures, including economic, social and cultural development.
A campaign for Makarrata launches in Sydney today Thursday August 9, when Aboriginal people and their supporters will walk from Hyde Park to the NSW Parliament.
Led by the NSW Aboriginal Land Council (NSWALC) and Coalition of Aboriginal Peak Organisations (CAPO), the walk will call on Parliamentarians to join a movement for a better future for Aboriginal people, and all Australians.
NSWALC Chairman, Cr Roy Ah-See said that the walk will promote a positive alternative agenda for Aboriginal affairs in the state. .
Makarrata is gift from the Yolngu language. It means coming together after a struggle. It has been used nationally since the National Aboriginal Conference in the late 1970’s and featured prominently in the historic Uluru Statement from the Heart.
“What we have seen to date are disconnected stepping stones towards a vague future focused on survival. What we need is a clear pathway for Aboriginal people to thrive, and for all Australians to walk with us on this journey.
“Our successes have been many, but we still face significant challenges. We want to see increased prosperity for Aboriginal families across the state, with more of our people going to university and getting better jobs.
“We want to see our children flourishing; walking proudly and successfully in two worlds. Taking part in the economy and enriching the country with their culture.
“By walking with us we are asking all political parties to commit to genuine partnership, to face our challenges together, and grow and support our successes.
“We are looking for all Australians to join us on our journey towards Makarrata,” Cr Ah-See said.
As a result of loss of their lands, territories and resources due to development and other pressures, many indigenous peoples migrate to urban areas in search of better prospects of life, education and employment.
They also migrate between countries to escape conflict, persecution and climate change impacts. Despite the widespread assumption that indigenous peoples live overwhelmingly in rural territories, urban areas are now home to a significant proportion of indigenous populations. In Latin America, around 40 per cent of all indigenous peoples live in urban areas — even 80 per cent in some countries of the region. In most cases, indigenous peoples who migrate find better employment opportunities and improve their economic situation but alienate themselves from their traditional lands and customs. Additionally, indigenous migrants face a myriad of challenges, including lack of access to public services and additional layers of discrimination.

industry_corpus2: Politics & Administration


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Is there any better side dish than crispy and caramelized brussels sprouts? Let me add that they just so happen to be smothered in a sweet, tangy and sticky balsamic sauce!
Crispy brussels sprouts are a staple veggie in our house this time of year. Have you tried my apple cider brussels or my chipotle maple brussels?
These days, I’m all about the rosemary balsamic glaze. To make it, I simmer balsamic vinegar along with a little maple syrup and fresh rosemary and reduce the mixture until it turns into a thick and syrupy sauce. I drizzle that sauce all over oven-roasted brussels sprouts. So YUM.
One thing to remember when reducing balsamic vinegar is that it thickens as it cools. That’s why I suggest waiting to make the sauce until right before you’re about the serve the brussels. That’ll prevent the balsamic sauce from getting too thick/hard and it’ll also ensure that the brussels stay nice and crisp.
Whenever I roast brussels sprouts, I always roast them cut side down. It takes an extra minute to flip them all over so they’re cut side down but it really does make a difference. Doing this ensures that the bottoms gets caramelized, the middles stay tender and the tops become crispy.
Oh, don’t forget to include the single leaves that fall off of the sprouts as you trim them. Those leaves are my favorite! They’re like little crispy chips!
If you decide to make these on Thanksgiving then know that these little guys will most definitely give the stuffing and the mashed potatoes a run for their money. Yep. This is the veggie to make if you want to compete with those staple sides.
Add the brussels sprouts, oil, salt, garlic powder and black pepper to a bowl and mix well.
Place the brussels sprouts on a baking sheet, cut side down.
Meanwhile, add the balsamic vinegar, maple syrup and rosemary to a small saucepan and bring it to a boil. Reduce to a simmer and stir occasionally for 10-15 minutes or until the sauce is thick enough to coat the back of a spoon.
Drizzle the reduced balsamic over the brussels sprouts and serve hot.
The balsamic sauce will continue to thicken so I suggest making it right before you plan to serve the brussels sprouts.
When I married in 1980 my husband told me that he’d never ever eat Brussels Sprouts, so I never made them. Come to find out from a family member that they’re quite delicious, so I gave this recipe a try for Easter dinner last night. Hubby wasn’t looking forward to them but agreed to give them a try. Hallelujah, he loved them and conceded that they were actually excellent and he’ll happily eat them any time if I use this recipe! Its an Easter miracle!
Ellen, that is so great to hear!! Thank you for sharing that 🙂 Glad to know you and your hubby will be eating more brussels sprouts!
Irene, I’m so happy to hear that!! Thanks for letting me know how this turned out for you 🙂 Fresh rosemary is the best!

industry_corpus2: Agriculture & Fisheries


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I had 2 players in my international squad who were retiring but I couldn’t remove them from the squad as the action button was missing I became club manager for one of the players and the action button was restored but I still have one player I can’t remove from the international squad Anyone else had this?
I have started a new save some the winter update, and Northern Ireland are no longer selectable to manage as an international team. I have previously chosen them, but they no longer appear on the team selection screen for Europe. Help!
Hi, Please can an option be added to leave the current club job when taking an international management rather than having to accept and have both jobs then resign as this then has negative press.
I managed a club team when three international friendlies were arranged. I gave instructions to play 45 minutes a game and for the first two games they were ignored by the international manager. Consequently I withdrew the players for the 3rd game. However, before the next international match the international manager was sacked and I got the job. But now I cannot select the players who were withdrawn. The 'international' option on the player profile page does not give me the option to 'Call up to England squad'. For players who were not withdrawn the option is there. The international pool still lists them and shows a red 'withdrawn' in the player status information column. I can find nothing anywhere in the game or editor that allows me to select them.
Is there someone who can help me or give some instructions? I would like to create an International league (different divisions) with most of the worlds national teams. Already many thanks!
How do I delete leftover continental/intercontinental competitions?
While making a database where all club, international, and intercontinental competitions follow the same format, I came across an issue while removing everything. After testing my first leagues, my game always crashed at the moment where the World Cup was about to begin. After some confusion and testing around, I came across the tab 'competitions' which in itself is under the 'test competitions' tab. There I found out these were left over: Is there a way to remove these files? And if so, will that fix the problem of the game always crashing at the 18th of June, 2018?
The players International caps are wrongly simulated.
I think the International appearance of a player is too high in Football manager series, for example in my game, An regen from Saudi Arabiya made his debut in 17 years of age and he retired at 36 years of age after 180 international appearances. He played for top European clubs becoming a world class player in his 25-31 ages so I think there is no sense he plays for his national team that much, I mean he should've just played important matches only like World Cup or Asia Cup and maybe few friendly matches against top sides. The international appearances algorithim is unrealistic for all Asian teams, even for Korea or Japan.
Vietnam (Real World with a Busy International Window/ added custom tournaments) Background: Vietnam National Football Team is still fairly new to the international scene being found in 1989 after reformation. They did win a major trophy in 2008 in the Southeast Asian Cup. Can they under a new leadership qualify for the FIFA World Cup and challenge the world through busy competitive International tournaments held by an independent organization called IFSA (International Football Soccer Association- formed after FIFA was caught in a big scandal).


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industry_corpus2: Health & Medicine


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Thai Villa 4312 is a recently completed, stunning four bedroom, family villa, located in the enchanting enclave of Nai Harn Village, on the south-western tip of the tropical island of Phuket within five minutes drive of Nai Harn beach. This luxurious villa features the perfect living space for guests seeking total privacy and optimum comfort in opulent surroundings, with an unrivalled 180 degree sea and sunrise views.
This residence combines the spirit of contemporary tropical living with the practical elegance of European design and technology. The villa has been designed with particular focus on luxury living space, complete with a large infinity swimming pool, sun deck and terrace, all overlooking the Andaman Sea. For ultimate tropical living the villa is fitted throughout with high quality finishes, a European-style kitchen, designer living and entertainment rooms, al fresco dining area and superior maid's quarters.
Villa 4312, comprising of 850sqm under roof, is set in the exclusive private development of nine planned villas at Baan Sawan. Situated partway up a hill, the villa is accessed by a "sporting" driveway of winding concrete. Although perfectly safe, the driveway does require you to change down to first gear and concentrate when driving up. An experienced driver and vehicle can be provided (for an additional charge) when renting the villa, if you prefer not to challenge the driveway yourself.
Additionally on this level of the villa, you can escape into the comfortable TV room, to sit back and catch up with world's events or entertainment by watching the 50", multi channeled, flat screen television or enjoy a movie supported by a state of the art "Bose" surround sound system.
Moving downstairs you will find a games room equipped with another 50" TV and DVD player, pool and table tennis tables and a bar with ample seating, all again with stunning sea views.
There is a generous utility room with washing machine and tumble dryer, large storage facilities and separate staff quarters that can comfortable act as a fifth en-suite bedroom, with king sized bed, TV/DVD and kitchen.
Andaman View Villa also offers wireless internet access throughout, and a local telephone line.
Full time housekeeper and daily cook, gardener and pool boy are included.
4 bedrooms en suite, complete with air conditioning units and ceiling fans.
Large master bedroom suite with walk in wardrobes and en-suite bathroom with separate toilet, large shower and Jacuzzi bath.
Three king size beds, one twin room with two single beds and an optional fifth en-suite bedroom with a king sized bed.
Large sun terrace with an extensive selection of teak garden furniture surrounding private infinity edge swimming pool.
Dining table for up to 8 guests.
Open plan living area with large sofa, leading to TV room with 50" TV, DVD player and cable TV with over 30 channels.
Outside balconies and sundeck with fabulous 180 degree Andaman sea views.
Granite work surfaces throughout kitchens, all bathrooms, cloakroom and utility room.
Large games room containing pool and table tennis table and additional 50" TV, DVD player and cable TV.
Bar area for home entertaining, with ample seating and stunning seas views.
Complimentary "Welcome Pack" on arrival including tea, coffee, creamer, sugar, water, fruit juice, selection of soft drinks, bread, butter, cereal, milk and fresh fruit.
Cook available at extra charge.
Driver/car hire/motorbike rental, can be arranged at extra charge.
24 hour support and helpline.

industry_corpus2: Hospitality & Catering


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Manchester United have already reinforced their midfield by signing Brazilian international Fred from Ukrainian club Shakhtar Donetsk this summer.
Now, reports in the media suggest that the Red Devils want to sign another midfielder in the form of Chilean international Arturo Vidal.
According to Bild, Bayern want to prepare the squad for new boss Kovac and would like to keep star players at the club. They have talked about four players, who are linked with a move away from the club and our focus is on the former Bayer Leverkusen star.
The renowned German outlet have mentioned that the likes of Man United and Napoli want to sign the 31-year-old midfielder.
The veteran midfielder announced his retirement from International football after the South American champions failed to qualify for the World Cup. Vidal had an average WC qualification campaign.
For Bayern Munich, he had an injury hit campaign last term, in which he could only start 17 times in the league, scored 6 goals and provided 2 assists. He missed the last two months of the season due to a knee concern and Bild have mentioned that he is still recovering from the injury.
Vidal is one of the most complete midfielders around. He can be a solid play breaker, a creative central midfielder and also an effective attacking midfielder.
The German source have stated that Vidal’s market value is €35m. His current contract with the Bundesliga champions will expire in 2019 and he earns (Bild) €192,000-a-week.
Is it the reports or the actual reality that makes one either nauseous or hilarious? Who would spend £35 million on a 31 year old player? They would have to be insane or have an ulterior motive for doing so unfortunately Mourinho has both.


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The school accountability regime in England has met with a lot of scrutiny in the past year. The National Association of Head Teachers (NAHT) led an expert commission in considering the case for a reformed school accountability system, and coinciding with publication of the commission’s report in September 2018, there was a lot of media coverage on the issue.
The Department for Education (DfE) has recently published a brief paper entitled Principles for a clear and simple school accountability system (May 2018), which is to be followed by more detailed proposals and a future full consultation.
Alongside the commission’s deliberations, a team of researchers at NFER produced a rapid literature review – What impact does accountability have on curriculum, standards and engagement in education? – on the impact of accountability on curriculum, standards and engagement in several international jurisdictions (September 2018).
We selected a mixture of countries that we thought would provide learning for England – some were top achievers in the highly visible international comparative studies, others had similar achievement to England but perhaps a different way of “doing” accountability.
We defined accountability broadly as a government’s mechanism for holding educational institutions to account for the delivery of high-quality education. We reviewed a small body of the best available evidence on the accountability systems in Australia (New South Wales), England, Japan, New Zealand, Singapore and Wales, focusing for reasons of manageability on evidence relating to primary education.
It was clear even from the limited evidence studied that no country has all the answers. There is no perfect accountability system and all methods have their pros and cons. However, two themes emerged strongly from the literature in terms of reported accountability impacts: the phenomenon of curriculum narrowing, and the professional capacity of teachers to engage with accountability data.
Curriculum narrowing as a consequence of “teaching to the test” was addressed in literature from a number of the jurisdictions we studied. Where pupil performance is used as a high-stakes accountability measure, there is concern that schools feel constrained to prioritise those parts of the curriculum that are tested at the expense of others that are not.
Ofsted’s latest Annual Report, referred to earlier, acknowledges such perceptions and promises to put the curriculum – “the substance of education” – back at the heart of the inspection system in the new inspection framework from September 2019.
We also found suggestions that some pupils may receive an impoverished experience of the school curriculum as a result of targeted teaching where accountability systems focus on “borderline” or “cliff edge” measures. This may occur, for example, if there is (actual or perceived) pressure to ensure that a certain percentage of pupils attains a threshold standard, leading teaching efforts to be concentrated on raising the performance of “borderline” pupils.
Pupils may furthermore become less engaged learners when the performance of some groups is emphasised at the expense of others. In this case, the application of accountability measures could be said to increase the achievement gap; although conversely they could be used to reduce the gap, such as when they inform funding programmes for disadvantaged pupils.
Our discussion explored whether there is a way of breaking the reported link between schools feeling compelled to focus on curriculum areas that are most salient for accountability purposes at the expense of other areas that do not have accountability consequences. We noted that clarity over what is expected through the inspection regime is a key driver of school behaviour, and whether schools focus on those subjects which are assessed or take a wider view of the curriculum.
Another recurring theme in the literature was the complexity of accountability and the suggestion that the training teachers receive may not align with the requirements that their jurisdictions’ accountability systems place on them.
Several studies suggested that teachers’ initial training might not adequately prepare them to be fully assessment literate and data literate – to have a comprehensive understanding of how to implement assessment or of how to interpret assessment or other outcome data. This echoes the findings of two recent explorations of aspects of the education system in England – the Carter Review of Initial Teacher Training (DfE, January 2015) and the Commission on Assessment without Levels (DfE, September 2015).
This could be seen as a positive impact of accountability, in that it has exposed an area of weakness in professional development that should be addressed anyway, irrespective of the accountability system in place. In other words, support for teachers to understand how to use assessment data to support their teaching and learning should be part and parcel of any professional set of teaching skills.
Recent reforms in England have aimed to address some of the unintended consequences this review has discussed, with the removal of assessment levels and refocusing of the accountability system onto progress measures rather than absolute standards.
Ofsted is about to launch a consultation on its draft new inspection framework (expected this month). It will be interesting to see how far these approaches reduce unintended consequences in the system in the future, and likewise what sort of “clear and simple” system results from the forthcoming DfE consultation.
Andreas Schleicher, the lead PISA expert at the OECD, suggests that effective approaches to accountability may involve a move in emphasis towards “professional accountability” systems and collaborative, less hierarchical approaches where “teachers are accountable not so much to administrative authorities but primarily to their fellow teachers and school principals”.
Hilary Grayson is an information and reviews manager at the National Foundation for Educational Research (NFER).


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I hope he's got the sense to run.
And why they all believe him?
He wears a big diamond ring.
That keeps a-coming back to me".
Had Alabama in there eyes.
Theyll probly take care of themselves.
Its just you, Alabama, and me.

industry_corpus2: Others


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Aeroflot-Russian Airlines confirms the emergency landing in Iceland of a jetliner en route from New York to Moscow, an airline representative told Interfax.
"While the plane was flying from New York to Moscow, an anonymous phone call was made claiming a bomb aboard. The captain decided to land urgently. The jetliner successfully touched down. The luggage and passengers are being examined," he said.
The incident was reported earlier by a source in the Moscow area's Air Traffic Control Service.
"It is Aeroflot's New York-Moscow flight. However, an unknown person told American law enforcement agencies that five suitcases filled with explosives were allegedly present onboard the plane and they would allegedly detonate upon arrival in Moscow. That is why a decision was made to interrupt the flight and land the airplane in Iceland," the source said.
The jetliner with 200 people aboard will continue its flight to Moscow at 11:15 p.m. Moscow time, the airline told Interfax.
The passengers will be provided with food and drinks while waiting for the departure, it said.

industry_corpus2: Aerospace


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$5 off any item of merchandise.
Touring company that travels to five states each summer. Visit www.shakespeareintheparks.org/schedule for detailed touring information.

industry_corpus2: Travel & Geography


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'The Hunger Games: Catching Fire' Poster Bets on the Fans!
‘The Hunger Games: Catching Fire’ Poster Bets on the Fans!
The latest 'Hunger Games: Catching Fire' poster has been revealed, not directly through Lionsgate, but by one of the film's many fans.
In an unconventional move that speaks to the studio's successful use of fan interaction, fangirl Tori Dripple was given the opportunity to release the brand-new outdoor poster art for 'The Hunger Games: Catching Fire.' According to Lionsgate, she is the top fan of the film's interactive viral marketing website, TheHungerGamesExplorer.com.
While other studios, like Warner Bros., have stood out for their use of digital campaigns (remember those web destinations for 'Pacific Rim,' 'Man of Steel' and even the upcoming 'Godzilla'), Lionsgate created a social media-friendly site where 'Hunger Games' fans can share content, including their own fan art, and be recognized for their love of the film. Perhaps this is the future of the viral marketing campaign.
'The Hunger Games: Catching Fire' is directed by Francis Lawrence, and stars Jennifer Lawrence, Josh Hutcherson, Liam Hemsworth, Sam Claflin, Woody Harrelson, Elizabeth Banks and more. Although Katniss and Peeta survived the brutal events of the 74th annual Hunger Games, they will soon find themselves back in the arena, facing a pool of tributes who are all past victors themselves.
'The Hunger Games: Catching Fire' hits theaters November 22. In the meantime, check out the latest poster below, and click to download your own copy.
Source: ‘The Hunger Games: Catching Fire’ Poster Bets on the Fans!


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I climbed in the Lyft, and as we sat in traffic, Mom texted the coast was clear to call Maga (in case that had been me beeping through earlier). It wasn’t, but as the car continued to sit more than move, I thought my only chance for a Tuesday conversation might be now. Before I could act, my phone rang. It was Maga.
She clearly had her conversation with my mom on her mind, as she peppered me with questions about my upcoming family trip. She knew the big picture, but not so much with the details. I filled in the missing parts, though somewhat hesitantly, as I was sitting in a quiet car whose driver had my home address, and now, the dates I won’t be there.
Yes, I answered Maga’s call, but ugh, life is hard when it’s not on my own schedule.
I guess I have to trust in the decency of this Lyft driver. In the kindness of strangers.
Much like Maga has to do with the caregivers who surround her daily/nightly. We tell her she’s lucky and to calm down and that she’s in the best possible situation, but 97 years of life can make the details hard to remember and in the absence of those, the big emotions come forward. Like obsessing about how a Lyft driver might be planning to rob your house months from now.
Why, yes, in fact this traffic is so slow that I’m now equating it with having lived 97 years. Sometimes, you gotta let the big emotions roll.
This entry was posted on May 22, 2018 at 10:27 pm and is filed under feelings.	You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can skip to the end and leave a response. Pinging is currently not allowed.


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After a three day 550 nm passage from Croatia we arrived at Valletta, Malta and are moored stern-to Maltese Falcon's winter berth in Grand Harbour Marina for the month of August. Inward clearance was painless and organized by the Marina staff.
The surroundings are surreal with buildings piled on top of each other right down to the waters edge oozing history from all eras. Stay tuned for more exciting virtual touring adventures as we explore this fascinating island nation.


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I’m not buying until I can get a forest green Segway.
So what you’re saying is, they should worry about getting out of the red rather than getting into the blue?
And meanwhile in an alternate universe, due to the sheer intensity of the Segway’s new marketing push, Bill Gates’ head explodes.
They really should quit concentrating on what the Segway looks like and instead get busy on getting the price down to a level that no longer requires potential buyers to give up their first-born child.
Hey, it worked for the iMac.


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drawing tutorials? How about reference photos?
I offer 1-2 hour versions of my weekly videos to Patreon supporters for as little as $4/ month. These videos include voice over tips and instruction to help you take your own artwork to the next level!
Get instant access to all of my slower videos, past and present when you sign up. That is over 100 1-2 hour long tutorials to choose from!!
Tutorials rotate between Colored Pencil, Oil Painting, Acrylic Painting, Graphite, Inktense and occasionally new mediums.
5-10 high-quality royalty-free reference photos each month to use in your own art.
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See all of my available Patreon videos!
A sample of our past reference photos.
This is a one of a kind original, not a print. It is a 18″ x 24″ acrylic painting $840, free shipping within the US.
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Livestreams where I answer your art questions while demonstrating painting or drawing.
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Weekly 1-2 hour long versions of my weekly youtube tutorials where I explain what I’m doing.
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If you have a relevant event going on in your community, please let us know about it using this form and we'll post it in the Events section and in our monthly newsletter where possible. Thank you.
Please note: We will use the email address you give us in the news items about your event to allow people to get in touch with you. We won’t publish your phone number – this is just so that we can get in touch with you if we have a question.


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You've never heard of them- and you never will .
It is normal to enjoy praise and dislike criticism. True character is when you prevent either from affecting you in a negative matter.
I think that in any group activity - whether it be business, sports, or family - there has to be leadership or it wont be successful.
Others may have more ability than you, they may be larger, faster, quicker, better jumpers ... but no one should be your superior in respect to team spirit, loyalty, enthusiasm, cooperation, determination, industriousness, fight effort, and character.
The purpose of discipline is not to punish, but to correct.
It is difficult for young players to learn - because of the great emphasis on records - but, ideally, the joy and frustration of sport should come from the performance itself, not the score. While he is playing, the worst thing a player can think about in terms of concentration - and therefore of success - is losing. The next worst is winning.
No matter how you total success in the coaching profession it all comes down to a single factor - talent. There may be a hundred great coaches of whom you have never heard in basketball, football, or any sport who will probably never receive the acclaim they deserve simply because they have not been blessed with the talent. Although not every coach can win consistently with talent, no coach can win without it.
Why can't we have patience and expect good things to take time?
I constantly caution our teams: 'Play your game, just play your game. Eventually, if you play your game, stick to your style, class will tell in the end.' This does not mean that we will always outscore our opponent, but it does insure that we will not beat ourselves.
One of my constant reminders is, 'End practice on a happy note.' I want the boys to want to come out to practice; and I want them to get a certain amount of pleasure. ..lt's a game. It should be fun. So I always try to counterbalance my criticism in practice with a bit of praise. I want my players to feel that the worst punishment I can give them is to deny them the privilege of practicing. If they do not want to practice, I do not want them there.
When everyone has good players, teaching will be a telling difference.
Whether you know it or not, whether you like it or not, the habits you are developing now will be with you for the rest of your life.
Decisions are more apt to be accepted when you've listened to suggestions first. I wanted them to see the reason behind what I asked of them, not to do things just because I said so.
An effective leader develops the ability to correctly identify the pertinent detail or details - incidentals in a market, industry or sport that might create an incremental advantage.
It takes time to create excellence. If it could be done quickly, more people would do it.


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As you can see in the quality/durability guidelines here ... quilting layers that aren't more than "about an inch or so" thick won't have a meaningful effect on the durability or useful life of a mattress. The BestMattressEver uses all high quality high quality and durable materials and as you can also see in my comments in post #2 in the topic we are posting in (and unlike some of the other simplified choice mattresses) there are no lower quality materials or weak links in the mattress that would compromise the durability or useful life of the mattress even relative to higher weight ranges than yours.
Last edit: 01 Nov 2015 19:07 by Phoenix.
Appreciate the comprehensive summary of the disruptor mattresses! I'm leaning towards T&N as it seems is the most firm of all of these options. Certainly doesn't hurt that it's priced more competitively (esp. with the Amex + underground discount). Given the free trial periods, I'm wondering if anyone has actually ordered from several vendors and, assuming you have the bedroom space, tested them all over the same ~100 day period?
I'm leaning towards T&N as it seems is the most firm of all of these options.
Based on general feedback it's probably among the firmer options out of the single firmness mattresses and may be firmer than some of the "medium" firmness options for mattresses that have multiple firmness options but it probably isn't as firm as some of the "firm" options that are available.
Different people can also have very different perceptions of firmness and softness compared to others as well and a mattress that feels firm for one person can feel like "medium" for someone else or even "soft" for someone else (or vice versa) depending on their body type, sleeping style, physiology, their frame of reference based on what they are used to, and their individual sensitivity and perceptions. There are also different types of firmness and softness that different people may be sensitive to that can affect how they "rate" a mattress as well (see post #15 here ) so different people can have very different opinions on how two mattresses compare in terms of firmness and some people may rate one mattress as being firmer than another and someone else may rate them the other way around. This is all relative and very subjective and is as much an art as a science.
Last edit: 09 Nov 2015 00:16 by Phoenix.
Phoenix, I am so grateful to have found your website and the wealth of knowledge it contains. Thank you so much for bringing this much-needed information together in such a cohesive and useful way! I am looking at both the Love Bed from Nest Bedding and the Sedona Sleep base mattress and topper from Sedona Sleep. I would be interested in your thoughts regarding how to compare these two mattress systems, as well as how the discount code works.
There is more information about the 3 most important parts of "value" of a mattress purchase in post #13 here which can help you make more meaningful quality/value comparisons between mattresses in terms of suitability (how well you will sleep), durability (how long you will sleep well), and the overall value of a mattress compared to your other finalists based on suitability, durability, and all the other parts of your personal value equation that are most important to you (including the price of course and the options you have available after a purchase if your choice doesn't turn out as well as you hoped for).
The most important part of the "value" of a mattress purchase is how well you will sleep on it and whether a mattress is a good "match" for you in terms of PPP (Posture and alignment, Pressure relief, and your Personal preferences. While your own careful testing or personal experience is the only way to know for certain whether any mattress or combination of layers and components is a good "match" for you in terms of comfort, firmness, and PPP (Posture and alignment, Pressure relief, and your Personal preferences) ... when you can't test a mattress in person then the most reliable source of guidance is always a more detailed phone conversation with a knowledgeable and experienced retailer or manufacturer that has your best interests at heart and who can help "talk you through" the specifics of their mattresses and the properties and "feel" of the materials they are using (fast or slow response, resilience, firmness etc) and the options they have available that may be the best "match" for you based on the information you provide them, any local testing you have done or mattresses you have slept on and liked or other mattresses you are considering that they are familiar with, and the "averages" of other customers that are similar to you. They will know more about "matching" their specific mattress designs and firmness levels to different body types, sleeping positions, and preferences (or to other mattresses that they are familiar with) than anyone else.
Outside of PPP ... the most important part of the value of a mattress purchase is durability which is all about how long you will sleep well on a mattress. This is the part of your research that you can't "feel" and assessing the durability and useful life of a mattress depends on knowing the type and quality of all the materials inside it regardless of the name of the manufacturer on the label so I would always make sure that you are able to find out the information listed here so you can compare the materials and components in a mattress to the quality/durability guidelines here so you can confirm that there are no lower quality materials or obvious weak links in a mattress that would compromise the durability and useful life of a mattress before making any purchase.
Both of these manufacturers are completely transparent about their materials and both of them use high quality materials and there are no lower quality materials or weak links in either design that would compromise the durability or useful life of either mattress.
Having said that ... they are both very different designs. The topper that goes with Sedona Sleep is a solid layer of blended Talalay latex which would be a little bit more resilient than the convoluted continuous pour synthetic Dunlop in the Love bed and is also a more costly material (Talalay latex is more costly than synthetic Dunlop and solid layers are also more costly than solid layers). There is more about convoluted layers in post #2 here . There is also more about the different types and blends of latex in post #6 here .
Both of them offer multiple firmness options.
The Love Bed has a cover that is quilted with polyfoam and the Sedona Sleep topper uses an unquilted stretch knit cover so you would be sleeping more directly on the latex itself. Which type of cover you prefer would be a preference issue and there is more about the pros and cons of quilted covers vs a thinner stretch knit cover in post #12 here .
The Love Bed has a 100 night free return/exchange policy and trial period. Sedona Sleep also has a 100 night trial period but there will be a small shipping cost involved to either exchange the topper for a different firmness or return the mattress for a refund.
A mattress/topper combination also has the advantage of being able to replace just the topper after the trial period without having to replace the entire mattress if your needs or preferences change down the road or if the topper softens or breaks down before the rest of the mattress (the top layers of a mattress are generally the weakest link of any sleeping system whether they are inside the mattress cover or outside it).
You are certainly looking at two great quality/value choices and once you have narrowed down your options to a list of finalists that are all choices between "good and good" (which you have) and none of them have any lower quality materials or "weak links" in their design relative to your weight range (which they don't) and if there are no clear winners between them (which is usually a good indication that you have done some good research) then you are in the fortunate position that any of them would likely be a suitable choice and post #2 here can help you make a final choice based on your local testing or mattresses you have slept well on, your more detailed conversations about each of them, your confidence about PPP and the suitability of each one, their prices, your preferences for different types of materials or types and blends of latex, the options you have after a purchase to fine tune the mattress or exchange or return the mattress or individual layers, any additional extras that are part of each purchase, and on "informed best judgement" based on all the other objective, subjective, and intangible parts of your personal value equation that are most important to you.
Last edit: 18 Dec 2015 12:25 by Phoenix.
We ended up returning our BME as the Latex feel wasn't for us. Working with them was a pleasure and they even gave a topper to try, but we spent nights in our guest room as we just didn't like the feel of the BME. We went mattress shopping again today and really liked memory foam (temper-cloud elite mattress was our favorite after 30 minutes of laying) .
However, as a 240 lb male these simplified choices are all listed as cautionary or recommended against. I have read many of your posts and the cross references but it is almost burying me in information. We are willing to spend up to a temperpedic but after becoming so knowledgeable from your site (thanks again!), I recognize this is not worth it.
In terms of my specific interests, I could even consider going firm and putting a topper on the mattress so it supports my weight and is extra plush for myself and my bride-to-be (120lb). I narrowed it down to the Novosbed and Nest Alexander Medium. Is this smart or should I go a different route? If so do you recommend a coil core with memory foam on top for heavier individuals?
The third post in this topic is being "reserved" for a different purpose.
There are a number of the "simplified choice" mattresses that are already described in post #2 in this topic as being suitable for any weight range in terms of the quality and durability of the materials.
If you tend to prefer more traditional memory foam mattresses and if you are looking at online options then outside of the simplified choice list the mattress shopping tutorial also includes several other links to lists of many of the better online options I'm aware of (in the optional online step) that include many different types and categories of mattresses in a wide range of budgets, firmness levels, and with different return/exchange policies that may also be worth considering including a list of the better online memory foam options I'm aware of.
While the process of how to choose a mattress would involve the same steps that are listed in the mattress shopping tutorial ... most people in higher weight ranges will generally need or prefer firmer mattresses (firmer materials will feel softer because you will sink into them more) and materials and components that are higher quality and more durable than those that are in lower weight ranges (the materials and components in a mattress will soften and break down faster for those in higher weight ranges than they will for someone that is in a lower weight range that doesn't compress the mattress as much). I would be particularly cautious about mattresses that use more than "about an inch or so" of memory foam that is less than about 5 lb density or polyfoam that is less than about 2 lb density ... particularly in the upper layers of the mattress.
You can also see my comments about choosing a mattress first with the intention of adding a topper later in post #2 here .
In most cases I would avoid this approach because of the uncertainty involved with two purchase choices instead of only one and choosing a topper that would be suitable in terms of PPP (Posture and alignment, Pressure relief, and your Personal preferences) for a specific person on a specific mattress can sometimes be almost as difficult as choosing a mattress that doesn't need a topper in the first place. I would generally focus on choosing a mattress that is likely to be a suitable match without a topper (unless you can test the combination in person or you are purchasing both online as a "set" that is designed to work together and they both have a good return/exchange policy) and then use the option to add a topper as a "backup" strategy in case your initial choice doesn't turn out as well as you hoped for rather than a "primary" strategy.
It can also be more costly than just buying a mattress which includes the same materials as the topper as a layer inside the mattress itself and you would be avoiding the risk of having additional materials in your base mattress that you may not need or that may be lower quality foam (that can soften or break down more quickly) or that may be softer than what would be ideal for a transition layer under a softer topper. I would also make sure that you can find out all the specifics of the materials inside the base mattress so you can make sure it meets the quality/durability guidelines here and that there are no lower quality materials or weak links in any of the materials or components in your sleeping system that could compromise the durability and useful life of the mattress.
Having said that ... if you do choose a suitable mattress/topper combination which turns out to be a good "match" for you in terms of PPP (and there are no lower quality materials or "weak links" in the mattress/topper combination) then it would have the advantage of being able to replace just the topper without replacing the entire mattress if it softens or breaks down before the upper foam layers in the mattress (which is likely because a sleeping system will tend to soften or break down from the top layers down) or if your needs or preferences change over time and a topper can also help extend the useful life of a mattress underneath it as well.
1. Careful testing (hopefully using the testing guidelines in the tutorial) to make sure that a mattress is a good match for you in terms of "comfort", firmness, and PPP ... and/or that you are comfortable with the options you have available to return, exchange, or "fine tune" the mattress and any costs involved if you can't test a mattress in person or aren't confident that your mattress is a suitable choice.
2. Checking to make sure that there are no lower quality materials or weak links in a mattress you are considering relative to your weight range that could compromise the durability and useful life of the mattress.
Last edit: 17 Mar 2016 19:26 by Phoenix.
I'm knew to this forum and interested in purchasing a new mattress in the next couple of months. My wife and I have been sleeping on a King size tripedic memory foam mattress from select-a-bed.com for about eight years now. I find that the support and pressure relief has been insufficient for some time time now (I'm about 185lbs) though my wife still finds it okay. We both find that it sleeps hot. I think I'm done with memory foam.
I've spent a lot of time trying to research on the internet about mattress buying and quality components. I must admit that the bed-in-a-box category is appealing, perhaps due to the very vigorous and clever on line marketing campaigns that make their product appear more 'authentic' than traditional mattress manufacturers/retailers. One bed-in-a-box company that I'm surprised not to see mentioned in this thread that seems to be everywhere in the online world now is the new Purple mattress with their new hyper-elastic polymer comfort layer (collapsing gel). I must admit that I am intrigued by their message and the 'raw egg test', though I realize the real test would by my wife and I seeing if a mattress meets our PPP's. I wonder if their polyfoam support layers layers are a 'weak link' in the bed construction underneath this wonder gel layer (side note: the product and company used to be called WonderGel and you can buy seat cushions under this brand at Bed Bath & Beyond, I have one and it works really well).
The tripedic mattress you own is a good quality/value mattress but if you are no longer sleeping well on it and it has lost its "comfort" and/or support then after 8 years it's very likely that it's time for a new mattress.
Two of the most important links in the tutorial that I would especially make sure you've read are post #2 here which has more about the different ways to choose a suitable mattress (either locally or online) that is the best "match" for you in terms of "comfort", firmness, and PPP (Posture and alignment, Pressure relief, and your own Personal preferences) that can help you assess and minimize the risks of making a choice that doesn't turn out as well as you hoped for and post #13 here which has more about the most important parts of the "value" of a mattress purchase which can help you make more meaningful quality/value comparisons between mattresses in terms of suitability (how well you will sleep), durability (how long you will sleep well), and the overall value of a mattress compared to your other finalists based on all the parts of your personal value equation that are most important to you.
I've spent a lot of time trying to research on the internet about mattress buying and quality components. I must admit that the bed-in-a-box category is appealing, perhaps due to the very vigorous and clever on line marketing campaigns that make their product appear more 'authentic' than traditional mattress manufacturers/retailers.
I would keep in mind that "marketing campaigns" are just that and don't necessarily relate to the suitability, quality, or durability of a mattress. You've probably read this already as well but you can read more about what I call "simplified choice" mattresses in the first post in this topic.
I would also keep in mind that there are many other good quality/value online mattress choices that are shipped directly to consumers that don't fit the "simplified choice" category (in many cases because they have more than one mattress available on their site).
Outside of the simplified choice list ... if you are looking at online options then the mattress shopping tutorial also includes several other links to lists of many of the better online options I'm aware of (in the optional online step) that include many different types and categories of mattresses in a wide range of budgets, firmness levels, and with a range of different return/exchange policies that may also be worth considering.
There may also be some good options available to you locally and if you let me know your city or zip code I'd be happy to let you know about the better options or possibilities I'm aware of in your area.
One bed-in-a-box company that I'm surprised not to see mentioned in this thread that seems to be everywhere in the online world now is the new Purple mattress with their new hyper-elastic polymer comfort layer (collapsing gel). I must admit that I am intrigued by their message and the 'raw egg test', though I realize the real test would by my wife and I seeing if a mattress meets our PPP's. I wonder if their polyfoam support layers layers are a 'weak link' in the bed construction underneath this wonder gel layer (side note: the product and company used to be called WonderGel and you can buy seat cushions under this brand at Bed Bath & Beyond, I have one and it works really well).
Outside of the 23 mattresses that are already listed in the simplified choice list ... there are currently 23 more that I'm aware of that have been launched more recently that I haven't added to the list yet (and more are being launched on a regular basis). Some of them have been mentioned on the forum (and some haven't yet) but I will likely add some or most of them to the list over the coming weeks although some of them will be included in the "avoid until complete specs are known" section of the list.
Because the list has so many options available I wouldn't consider it to be as much of a "simplified choice" list any longer because there really isn't much difference between choosing between 46 mattresses that are offered by 46 different companies or 46 mattresses (or less) that are offered by a single company and when you are purchasing online it's not possible to make "real time" comparisons between many different mattresses to see if you like one better than another which you can in a local store. Because most of them have good trial periods and refund policies though, you can at least try them with little risk to find out if they are "good enough" in terms of comfort, firmness, and PPP even though you can't know if another one would have been a better choice unless you try it as well.
Purple certainly has a very aggressive advertising campaign (their ads show up everywhere once you have been to their site especially) and until they are listed in the simplified choice list you can see some comments about the Purple mattress and the buckling column gel they use in post #2 here and the posts it links to.
Last edit: 20 Apr 2016 11:07 by Phoenix.

industry_corpus2: Manufacturing


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WHO IS STANDING UP FOR FOOTBALL FANS?
Posted on December 24, 2017 by Norwich Radical	in Community, Inter|national and tagged canaries, carrow road, Celtic, clive lewis, Community, fans, football, footie, games, germany, Glasgow City Council, Labour, Lib Dems, local, norwich, Norwich FC, regulations, safe standing, safety, soccer, stadium, standing, world cup.
Posted on June 6, 2017 by Norwich Radical	in Inter|national, Perspectives and tagged AAVE, appropriation, art, ball, berlin, bigot, Brexit, City, commodification, demand, drag, exoticism, fetish, fetishisation, gender, gentrification, germany, globalisation, housing, housing crisis, identity, intersectionality, landlord, lease, lgbtQ+, liberalism, london, neocolonialism, QTBPOC, queer, race, racism, rent, renting, safe spaces, self-congratulatory, spaces, urban, West, young, Zoopla.
In recent years the discussion of gentrification and globalisation has become almost unavoidable – and for the most part, these terms have now been resigned as popular buzzwords in pseudo-intellectual conversations. As glib as this may sound, I shall do my best to explain.
HOW SHOULD WE ACKNOWLEDGE NATIONAL SINS?
Posted on May 1, 2017 by Norwich Radical	in Inter|national and tagged African American History Museum, America, civil war, Confederate, Crescent City White League Obelisk, Frederick Douglass, General Lee, George Washington Cable, germany, Harriet Jacobs, Jefferson Davis, legacy, Martin Luther King Jr, memorial, Mitch Landrieu, New Orleans, P.G.T Beauregard, slavery, Smithsonian, W.E.B. DuBois, Washington, white supremacy, William Lloyd Garrison.


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This system offers all the basic advantages of online SPE to increase assay performance while reducing method development time. With the solvent selector in the V20 pumps and the column selector in the NEW Mistral™ it also allows you to run multiple batches under different LC conditions. You can even choose to include or exclude the extraction, all from the software, without reconfiguring your system hardware! The mix and dilute routine of the Alias™ autosampler will handle the sample preparation steps such as adding IS. In combination with an optional Prep kit the Pico is capable of handling samples up to 10 mL.
All SymbiosisTM online SPE Systems processes multiple batches/assays fast and reliably, with the highest analytical performance, fully unattended. They also have all the tools to perform method development using a systematic approach which generates a working online SPE method in just a few days. These versatile workhorses are a safe investment and allows you to perform more projects with the highest assay performance in the same time and uses the full MS capacity to the lab’s economical benefit.

industry_corpus2: Biopharmaceuticals


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Powersports Parts | Yamaha, Grasshopper, Polaris parts department located near Little Rock, Arkansas.
Visit the C2 Powersports Parts Department for all of your new & used Yamaha, Grasshopper & Polaris part needs. We are located in Conway, AR which is close to Little Rock & Jacksonville. Fill out the Parts Request below or give us a call at 866-616-1381 if you need more information.

industry_corpus2: Automobiles


text: Men's Zoot® Performance Tri Full Zip Tank :: Innovative patterning combined with highest quality textiles provide superior comfort in our Zoot® men's Performance Full Zip Tri Tank. This tri tank been upgraded this season with Performance Endura fabric which keeps you dry and comfortable while providing UPF 50+ sun protection. With dual back pockets, nutrition storage on race day won't be an issue.


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this sudden rush of information might be.
doesn’t mean they’re not out to get you.
with verdicts, too—me, too, if I’m being honest.
each of us plows the field of our day.
more than you can chew. Love what you do.
There is so much we like to think we choose.
and that even this is a kind of decision we make.
Whistle, is both someone else’s and my own.
from the protest, a great sadness in the air.
Lisa Olstein is the author of three books of poetry from Copper Canyon Press: Radio Crackling, Radio Gone, winner of the Hayden Carruth Award; Lost Alphabet, a Library Journal best book of the year; and Little Stranger, a Lannan Literary Selection. Her work has appeared in many journals and anthologies, including The Nation, American Letters & Commentary, and Boston Review. Recipient of a Pushcart Prize and fellowships from the Sustainable Arts Foundation, Massachusetts Cultural Council, and Centrum, she is the lyricist for the rock band Cold Satellite, fronted by acclaimed songwriter Jeffrey Foucault. She teaches in the MFA programs at UT Austin.

industry_corpus2: Literature & Emotions


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The Steelhead Society will be holding its annual AGM at 8555-198 A Street (BCEGU office) in Langley at 10:00 a.m. on January 26th 2013. As usual we will have guest speakers giving presentations. Mike Wallis will give an update on the completed Spius Creek habitat rehabilitation project as well as talking about the new Bonaparte River rehabilitation project SSBC is planning to undertake. Also, Don McCubbing will be talking about steelhead research on the Keogh River on Vancouver Island.
This year there were 27 volunteers who showed up for a day of picking up garbage. By the end of the day over 10,000 lbs of garbage was weighed in at the Squamish landfill. Pictures below.
opportunity to try a spey rod for the first time, to bring your own rod and tweak it to the perfect line, to check out what's new, to build on your wish list, and to socialize with all the other double handed fanatics. And, while you are at it, you might as well enjoy a free BBQ lunch, enter your name in to win one of the many prizes donated by our supporters, and watch and listen to Travis Johnson of the Carron spey casting team. This year we are again SELLING raffle tickets for our draw with all proceeds going to the BC Steelhead Society. Tickets are $5.00 each with no limit to how many you buy. (But only one major prize per person).
A big thanks to all who came out and supported the auction and raffle at this year’s event. Special thanks going out to the M+Y crew for hosting this premier event.

industry_corpus2: Technology & Research


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Calif. investor buys Church Square, a retail hub used by Clinton to tout public-private urban deals A California investor is the new owner of Church Square after paying more than $18 million for the East Side shopping center that pioneered a wave of retail development in Cleveland neighborhoods. Fields Investments of West Hills, Calif., on Aug. 23 bought the fully leased, 109,000-square-foot shopping center from its developers Beachwood retail real estate brokers Hal Reisenfeld and Steve Wiesenberger. That deal followed by just two weeks Fields' purchase for $5.2 million of Puritas Park Plaza, a shopping center on Cleveland's West Side. Church Square opened in March 1993 after eight years of effort that began with cobbling together 85 parcels along Euclid Avenue near East 79th Street for the shopping center. Crucial to the project was a $3 million federal loan under the now-defunct Urban Development Action Grant (UDAG) program. Indeed, President Clinton used Church Square as a backdrop in September 1993 to announce a push for more such public-private partnerships in distressed urban areas. The Church Square sale to Fields occurred just six days before the U.S. Census Bureau for the second time in the last three years ranked Cleveland as the nation's most impoverished big city. However, the price paid for the retail center 'is a price I'd expect to see in a suburban grocery-anchored shopping center,' said Alec Pacella, a Grubb & Ellis Co. vice president who specializes in investment sales. In an interview last week, new Church Square owner Jeffrey Fields was neither fazed nor surprised by the city's tops-in-poverty designation. 'I'm very optimistic about the area,' Mr. Fields said. 'I'm confident the area is going to continue to improve with new housing. The hospitals are growing, and the city is putting a lot of money into the area.' The shopping center abuts the Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority's Silver Line transit project and the Beacon Place residential development. Fields is buying into Cleveland's neighborhoods just a year before a new generation of shopping center arrives in the city in the form of Steelyard Commons, a big retail center that will be anchored by a Wal-Mart Super Center and a Target. Steelyard Commons is under construction near the Tremont neighborhood next to Interstate 71 and the Jennings Freeway, and is spawning concern about fallout for existing shopping centers. Mr. Fields argues Church Square is a neighborhood-oriented retail center far enough from Steelyard Commons that it will feel little bite from the new development and has a different tenant mix from Steelyard. He's unconcerned about Puritas Plaza for the same reasons.
Mr. Reisenfeld said he and Mr. Wiesenberger didn't have Church Square up for sale when Mr. Fields approached them to buy the property. 'We decided the price was right and it was the right time to sell,' Mr. Reisenfeld said. He said he and his partner will continue leasing the center and will remain in the brokerage business at Reisenfeld & Co. Although developing new urban retail space now is a common cause among neighborhood groups and foundations in Cleveland, Mr. Reisenfeld said he initially faced 'a lot of naysayers' who didn't believe a new shopping center such as Church Square would make it in the city. However, selling Church Square came with some struggles. Mark J. Vogel, a vice president of the Pinnacle Financial Group mortgage brokerage of Independence, said it took him 10 months to engineer the financing for the purchase. Because of the UDAG loan and another city loan, Mr. Vogel said he called on 14 other lenders before finding one  CIBC Bank of Canada  that was willing to make a $13.45 million loan for the sale. The loan was difficult to land because the city of Cleveland required putting the UDAG in a first-priority position to approve the sale. That requirement ultimately was met. The original developer's sale of the center surprised real estate insiders and Vickie Eaton Johnson, executive director of Fairfax Renaissance Development Corp., which serves the area. She said she looks forward to contacting Mr. Fields about Church Square, which she considers 'a great asset to the community.' Mr. Fields said his company owns about 2 million square feet of retail space throughout the country, half of it in Greater Cleveland. He said he bought in the Cleveland area because his wife's family is here and he already visited regularly.


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2. Vivian, Vis. Cornw. 68.
3. SO3/5; Carew Letters ed. J. Maclean (Cam. Soc. lxxvi), 131.
4. HMC Downshire, iii. 420.
5. Shaw, Knights of Eng. i. 162.
7. SO3/5, unfol., May 1613.
8. Autobiog. of Sir Simonds D’Ewes ed. J.O. Halliwell, ii. 415.
9. SP16/2/118; LC5/132, p. 21.
10. C66/1988/2; CSP Dom. 1635-6, p. 57.
11. C231/4, ff. 132, 134; E163/18/12.
13. APC, 1627-8, p. 358.
14. J. Glanville, Voyage to Cadiz (Cam. Soc. n.s. xxxii), 25.
16. Chamberlain Letters ed. N.E. McClure, i. 392; C66/1867/8; 66/1988/2; Vivian, 184.
17. LC2/5, f. 34; Chamberlain Letters, i. 357; Carew Letters, 131.
18. C66/2183/17; C231/4, f. 132; SP14/139/111.I.
19. CSP Dom. 1623-5, p. 201; Glanville, 25, 27.
20. Procs. 1626, ii. 195-6.
21. T. Birch, Ct. and Times of Chas. I, i. 370-1; CSP Dom. 1628-9, p. 22; E351/2266.
22. CSP Dom. 1627-8, p. 539; 1628-9, p. 10.
23. CSP Dom. 1628-9, pp. 17, 21-2, 34, 39, 46.
24. Birch, i. 370; Memorials of St. Margaret’s, Westminster ed. A.M. Burke, 550; PROB 11/154, f. 215v.


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God Bless the souls of the victims of the attacks of 9/11, the families of those lost and the heroes who rushed to rescue the fallen and who still fight for America and all she represents.
September 11, 2011. Tags: 9/11. Armed Forces, Pentagon, Terrorism. Comments off.
God Bless the Troops and their Families who have given so much for us.
May 30, 2011. Tags: Amazing Grace, LeeAnn Rimes, Memorial Day, The True Meaning of Memorial Day. Armed Forces, Pentagon. Comments off.
Bibi speaks. God Bless Israel and her leadership.
May 20, 2011. Tags: American foreign policy, Benjamin Netanyahu, Bibi Netanyahu speaks in White House, Obama Israel policy, Obama Middle East policy, PM Netanyahu. Armed Forces, Faith, Hillary Clinton, media, Obama Administration, Pentagon, Politics, Popular Culture, Terrorism. 1 comment.
Waiting for Bibi’s comments to appear on youtube. Keep checking Bibi’s channel here.
Stand with Israel. Thank you PM Netanyahu for speaking to the American people directly. We are with you. We will NEVER abandon Israel. No matter who is in the WH. The people of America will never allow it.
May 20, 2011. Tags: American foreign policy, Bibi Netanyahu speaks in White House, Israel, Obama Israel policy, PM Netanyahu, US Foreign policy, US Middle East policy. Armed Forces, Hillary Clinton, media, Obama Administration, Pentagon, Politics, Popular Culture, Terrorism. Comments off.
Update: HotAir has all the details.
God Bless America. God Bless the troops who carried out the mission. God Bless the loved ones of those lost on 9/11 and in the battles since that day.
Al Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden is dead, President Obama said. The U.S. has his body in its possession, U.S. officials said late Sunday….
May 1, 2011. Tags: AfPak, Bin Laden dead, foreign policy. Armed Forces, Pentagon, Terrorism. 2 comments.
Yay Hillary. ’16 cannot come soon enough.
Secretary of State Hillary Clinton’s favorable rating from Americans is now 66%, up from 61% in July 2010 and her highest rating to date while serving in the Obama administration. The current rating is just one percentage point below her all-time high rating of 67%, from December 1998.
..more than 60% of Americans viewed her favorably in all three measures Gallup has taken since she assumed her State Department job, and she scored 65% in January 2009 just prior to President Barack Obama being sworn in.
The latest results are from a March 25-27 Gallup poll conducted while the United States was actively involved in enforcing a no-fly zone over Libya, a policy Clinton reportedly advocated. The same poll finds Clinton rated more positively than other top administration officials. Obama receives a 54% favorable rating, Secretary of Defense Robert Gates, 52%, and Vice President Joe Biden, 46%….
March 31, 2011. Tags: Hillary 2016, Hillary favorability, Hillary gallup, Hillary leadership, Hillary poll ratings, Hillary Rodham Clinton, Libya, Obama Administration, Politics. Hillary Clinton, media, Obama Administration, Pentagon, Politics, Popular Culture. 1 comment.


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