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In this post we will discuss how to generate a sine wave modulated from different PWM signals. These technique it helps us to make pure sine inverters or to generate sine signals with different frequencyes.
As we know(from previous posts) some pins of arduino can generate PWM signals at high frequencies, so we will utilize this and adapt for sine equation. Let’s assume our frequency is 50Hz mean the time period is 20ms. So 10ms is half cycle period. In those 10ms we need to have many pulses with different duty cycles starting with small duty cycles, in the middle of the signal we have maximum duty cycles and finish also with small duty cycles.
To generate a sine wave we will use two pins one for positive half cycle and one for negative half cycle. In our post for this we use pins 5 and 6 that means Timer 0.
For a smooth signal we choose phase correct pwm at a frequency 31372 Hz-see previous post.
One of the biggest problem is that how we calculate the necessary duty cycle for each pulse. So, because our frequency is f=31372Hz the period for each pulse is T=1/31372=31.8 us, so number of pulses for a half cycle is N=10ms/31.8us=314 pulses. Now to calculate the duty cycle for each pulse we have y=sinx, but in this equation wee need degrees so half cycle has 180deg for 314 pulses.
For each pulse we have 180/314=0.57deg/pulse. That means for every pulse we move forward with 0.57deg.
Because it’s unpleasant to calculate each duty cycle by hand below it’s a small program that calculate the duty cycle between 0 and 90 deg( on serial monitor) and between 90 and 180 deg is in the mirror.
First value is 1 because we want to reduce the dead time betwen half cycles of sine signal.
To write the duty cycles we will use OCR0A and OCR0B for timer 0(pins 5 and 6), that means for one half cycle OCR0A will be equal with every component of vector myPWM and for other half cycle OCR0B will do that-see the post with Timer 0.
With the program below we generate phase correct signal at a 31372 Hz and 100 duty cycle(is between 0 and 255 on Timer 0).
But we want to alternate pins for each half cycle and make a variable duty cycle for each pulse. For this thing we use another timer(Timer 1) in CTC mode with interrupts. We generate a signal with the same frequency as frequency of pins 5 and 6 and after each pulse we change the duty cycle(values from the vector) with an interrupt. At the end of the vector we change pins(half cycle period) and start over.
An interrupt is a part of a program that pause the loop function and execute another part of a program at a very specific time and after that start from where it was.
For this application we use a interrupt that is enabled when Timer 1 match with the OCR1A value. To change the duty cycle at every pulse on pins 5 and 6 we must generate interrupts with a 31372Hz (to enable one interrupt at the same time with an pulse on pins 5 and 6).
To generate that interrupt at every pulse we must set Timer 1 in CTC mode and for that we use TCCR1B register to make WGM12 =1 and CS10=1(no prescaling), OC1A must be set in toggle mode in TCCR1A register(COM1A1,COM1A0,COM1B1,COM1B0)see waveform generation mode bit description for Timer 1.
Now we must calculate the value for OCR1A to generate a 31372Hz signal. For that we use the formula from the datasheet with a smal modification, number 2 dissapear fOC1A=fclk/N(1+OCR1A). Explication is that the formula with number 2 is for pwm and to have a frequency to a signal, the signal must be high and low and we wait two counts until compare match, one count before signal became low and one count before signal became high again(picture below). At interrupts when timer hits the compare match value the interrupt is generate, so number 2 dissapear.
The value of OCR1A is determined from OCR1A=(fclk/fOC1A*N)-1 and OCR1A=509.
So Timer 1 start counting until reach OCR1A=509 then activate the interrupt with a frequency 31372Hz.
To enable interrupts we need to set the OCIE1A=1 in TIMSk1 register and use ISR(TIMER1_COMPA_vect) (more details about interrupts here and here).
To be sure there is no problem with interrupts we will use cli() ( stop interrupts) and sei()(enable interrupts).
In ISR function we set the OCR0A and OCR0B with duty cycle values and change this values according to vector, also at the finish of each crossing of vector we change the enabled pin.
Before sine wave we must see if it is everything ok so we have alternate the pins at a stable duty cycle OCR0A and OCR0B equals with 128.
As you can see we have in vector 314 elements and the program only 313 because at last we have the transition between pins, and on the oscilloscope we have a better frequency.
This image from oscilloscope has 5ms/div, so you can see that each signal has a 10ms period.
As you can see the output signal is a pwm signal with variable duty cycle and after the low pass filter(R=47ohms and C=22uF) appear a half sinus form.
To have a full sine wave you need to use a H bridge and command it with these two signals (before filter).
we obtain a full sinus wave like from a H bridge.
In the image above the red signal is from pin 5 , yellow signal is from pin 6 and the green one is the “minus operation” between the other two.
Again, with the program above(with a variable duty cycle) and a mathematichal function we have obtain the signal above but with a H bridge you can obtain a pure sine wave and you can use it in pure sine inverters.
At last the frequency on this application is between 49.94 and 50.02 Hz, in the image below is only on channel 1 because the software of the oscilloscope can’t display the frequency of the “math signal”.
To make an update to this post next is a 60Hz signal.
Before the main program below is the program to generate values for duty cycle(with some differences from the first-it will generate all the values from zero to zero).
Now the main program will consist 260 elements because at last we have the transition between pins, and on the oscilloscope we have a better frequency.
The green signals are the others two combined.
In this picture is presented only a half cycle because i have used only one low pass filter(i had only one capacitor) and you can see that the resulting frequency is 60.02 Hz.
The result are better than in the previous example because i have used film capacitor(1uF) and not electrolitic for the low pass filter ( R=220 ohms).
On my oscilloscope i have obtained a frequency at 49.9 Hz.
Hi , thank you for this very very good tutorial , if I want to put the frequency of 60 Hz which should be the value of OCR2A ?? Thank you in advance.
When we calculate the number of pulses we have N=10ms/31.8us=314pulses for 50Hz.For 60 Hz the period of this signal is 16.6ms and for half duty cycle is 8.3ms.
Now N=8.3ms/31.8us=261pulses, so the only thing you need to change is the number of pulses and the duty cycle of them. In the vector you should have 261 elements(with different values from the our example) and in the ISR where appear 313 you must have 261(or 260 if give you an more precise frequency).
Thank you sir for your reply, is what it is inside of these braces I have to put the 261 Elements ??
Yes but i repead with your values. You can use the first program and change x=x+0.57; with x=x+0.83; because 180/216=0.83 and from serial monitor obtain the half of this values other half is in mirror.
Sir if I make a UPS 120V 50 Hz, is that the 50 Hz will be a problem because the frequency is 60 Hz for 120 v and 50 Hz for 240V ????
Yes you must have the same specification as the machines you want to power or the grid. Be aware that is a danger voltage i don’t have any responsibility if something go wrong!!!
Try to understand all the aspects of the project.
I’ve uptated the article and in the bottom you will find the program for 60Hz(at results is only a half cycle because i have had only one low pass filter).
Again i have no responsability if something go wrong!!!
When you finish the project maybe you’ll share the experience and the results.
Around 1uF(i have had three in paralel with small capacities(total 1.02 uF)) and a 220 ohms resistor.
Be aware that for transistors you should use the pwm signal not filtered!
In the H bridge the input signal must be pwm, the filter is mounted after the H bridge, i repeat i haven’t build such a device, search more information about SPWM inverters!
And for this project is more suitable a LC low pass filter.
Why not, i see it work for that project.
Hello sir. thank you for share this knowledge. I try this soft with an arduino mega 2560 and only work using the pins 4 and 13. I try also with a attiny85 but it does not compile. Can it work with the attiny85? or just can’t? Thanks.
I haven’t worked with attiny but from specifications it has the Timer 1 with just 8 bit and OCR1A in the program has a 509 value a lot higher than 255 max value for a 8 bit timer, so i don’t think it will work on attiny.
Recently i have updated the post with a program for pins 9 and 10 which use OCR0A=63. You can try this program for your attiny85 to see if it is working.
Hi sir i can try to upload this coding in ARDUINI UNO.campiling is good but not upload in aurduino.
i can simulate arduino uno with coding in proteous but no any change in pin5, and pin 6 both pin still neutral and pin 12 change only.
so you can’t upload the program to arduino uno???
and for proteus i’ve an oscilloscope on pins 5 and 6 and they work perfectly.
Thank You very much for a helpfull toturial!
To create 1*KHz sine wave , Which capasitor and resister can be used in the LP. filter .
I can now create the PWM pulse put can’t get a fine sine wave! How can we know which RC Circuit is the best to the frequency.
For the capacitor and resistors values i used an online RC low pass filter calculator or, there are formulas for this kind of filters.
Hope that help and sory for late response!
Thanks a lot for sharing this with us.I need a 1KHZ sine wave with Arduino.How can I do this? Thanks in advance.
First of all sorry for late response.
In the second for this frequency arduino is a little to slow and maybe you will not be satisfied by result.
If in the program from post i’ve used phase correct pwm here i’ve used fast pwm for 62500Hz. Also the array contain only 31 elements so the resolution is not great.
Also beacause arduino can’t generate negative voltage you must know that, with this signals you must enter in a hbridge to obtain a sine wave.
The filter in this case is a RC with R=470ohms and C=0.1uF polyester.
i am making dc to ac inverter. am is this sinewave is ok to fed to the gate of h bridge.
Yes, but you must move the filter after the h bridge. In the bridge must enter an pwm signal.
Sir, How to generate on pin 9 and 10?
At the end of the article i have posted (before the video) a program with a sine wave at 50Hz from pins 9 and 10.
What you mean “to control the voltage”???
I mean that, if the DC input voltage decrease or increase this will lead to decrease or increase the RMS output voltage of the inverter and also if the output Load decrease or increase this will lead to increase or decrease the RMS output voltage of the inverter because the look up table only at one case. May question is that how can you adjust or regulate the output voltage regardless the input voltage and load variation.
It is a very good question but i don’t have the answer(i don’t know). I would let the sine part unmodified and on the input of the inverter you can mount an regulated dc-dc convertor or if you use the pull-push technology maibe there you can control the output voltage(again i don’t know about push-pull technology).
Thank You very much .But I need just one stage (Inverter) to produce sinusoidal output voltage for reducing the size and cost.
a) look up table 1 for output voltage 180V to 190V.
b) look up table 2 for output voltage 190V to 200V.
2) Is it possible to use sine function instead of using look up table especially when using Atmega such as Atmega238p (Arduino Uno) or Atmega2560 (Arduino Mega).
can this work on digispark? can it have variable frequency 25-100hz?
I see that this digispark use attiny85 and i have never use this device. I know that attiny has only 8 bit register(OCR1A=509 and 8 bits=255) so with the first program won’t work, but i have updated the post with a program for pins 9 and 10(on arduino uno) which use OCR0A=63 and this maybe will work on attiny.
I have created a single phase sine wave. But how to feedback output 220v used adc. Can you help me? Send me sample code?
From what you wrote i don’t understand what you want.
Please give me more details about what you want to do to see if i can help you!
I used H bridge PWM to generate sine waves. I want to change the amplitude of the sine wave (50hz constant frequency). How do I change the ?
i am not doing the H-Bridge, i like have a full sine wave PWM modulation at the one pin reference GND, How does this code modify to?
Keep the circuit configuration as same as what you did. Could you modify the CODE make both of PIN 5, PIN6 as full sine wave instead of half wave, one of them has 90 degree phase shift?
To generate a full sine wave on a pin you must generate a negative voltage for the negative half duty cycle of the sine wave.
I don’t know if something like that is possibile with arduino.
Sorry i couldn’t help you!
Could you move X Axis from 0 to middle of 5V, cycle positive from 2.5V to 5.0V, negative from 2.5V to 0V, this whole picture will be full wave.
Sorry, I am afraid this topic is suitable here. However I did read your ?site, the technology and your skill seems fully opening.
May I ask you? Is this site representing research agency? School? Manufacturing? forum?
It’s a small blog with electronic projects that are in my area of knowledge.
can you explain where does the “63” come from?
Like in the first example when the interrupt is triggered by timer 1 and it has a 31372Hz frequency, OCR1A is 509.
For the example where timer0 is for interrupt i have used the same formula OCR1A=(fclk/fOC1A*N)-1, where instead of OCR1A appear OCR0A.If the OCR1A was equal with 509, beacause the timer 0 has only 8 bits it’s maximum is 255 so i have used a prescaler N=8.
So if you make in the formula OCR0A=63 and N=8 the frequency obtain is 31372 as we want.
does this equation is mentioned in the source code? or can we calculate it with the code above?
sorry for being a newbie here..
Thanks for the posting, it was awesome!
Could you add another code which is soft start. In other word the sine wave frequency increases slowly from 1Hz to 50Hz(60Hz) few seconds?
sir, i wat to make the frequecy adjustable by plugin in variable potensio meter(analogread)..how to modify this code?
For the moment i can’t help, and i say tht because i have tried to do this but the result are not good enough. To modify the frequency is necessary to modify the values from the array and this will affect the output sine wave. Sorry this thing is over my knowledge.
Is there a way code can maintain output supply for a given battery voltage range?
Can anyone please help me, with what I have to change, if I want a 10 Hz, sine?
I`ve calculated the new sine values (and these are a lot).
Hi. As I understand your concept is working with fixed tables for generating the frequency – as explained above, e.g. 261 elements for 50Hz, 314 elements for 60Hz. Do you see a chance to work with variable freqencies, and in doing so having the possibility to fine tune the frequency lateron (e.g. with a potentiometer)? I would very much appreciate your comments and / or some example code.
To create such a project arduino must calculate the values from array very fast and i’m afraid that uno is a bit slow for that and also generate the pulses. I don’t know if an arduino due can do this.
Sorry i couldn’t help you because it is a bit hard that it seems.
hello sir, your articles really helps me a lot.
but whenever i tried to simulate all the codes that uses pin 5 and 6 output in proteus, i get no single pulse other than a straght line, except the code that uses pin 9 and 10 as output that gave me the half sine pulse. pls what can i do sir? as it needs to work before i can place it in pcb layout.
i don’t know what is the problem in proteus but the images from the post are from an oscilloscope and in my case worked very well.
How can we get OCR1A=509?
Hey Man, thank you for the good work this is really helpful. I am having a problem though with using this code on the Arduino Mega 2560 (ATmega2560). I tried the same code as the one above but I can’t see anything on the oscillioscope.
Hello! First, I love your post!
Second, I have designed and built a tripple H-Bridge circuit which is controlled by an Arduino Nano. (Atmega328) I use all the PWM pins – 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11 to control hi & low of each phase. I can vary the frequency, but outputting a square wave makes the motor very choppy.
Now I would like to adapt your code to generate the sin waves exactly as you have above, but with three phases that are 120 deg apart from each other. I’m not expecting to vary the frequency at this point. 50 or 60 Hz is fine initially. I’m just wondering if there’s an easy way to generate the same signal 120 deg and 240 deg offset from the signal you’ve already created on two of the PWM pins.
I did the full sine wave output on one pin with this code!
Can this code upload to ATTiny44?
Hello sir, thank you for sharing this article.
Is there any way in which you can control when to start the generation of pulses. I am doing an inverter and I need to adjust the phase of the grid to the phase of my inverter therefore the best way to it is to start the PWM parallely with the grid .

industry_corpus2: Technology & Research


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industry_corpus2: Agriculture & Fisheries


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industry_corpus2: Film & Entertainment


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industry_corpus2: Politics & Administration


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industry_corpus2: Literature & Emotions


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industry_corpus2: Real Estate & Construction


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industry_corpus2: Sports


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industry_corpus2: Subject Education


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industry_corpus2: Health & Medicine


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Not many home renovate your kitchen countertop plans make up wide planning and the other floor arrangements. Replacing ones own boring wallpaper, counting memory cabinets, per just revamping could change some of your suites in your own home without its pricey process of another entire restroom or my kitchen remodels and renovations. Another excellent foundation as home when you remodel plan would be to strengthen your coin roughly and keep out and about from discarding all you’re dispensable dollars into an particular town. This is particularly actual for people that carry some additional cash, likely will like to smarten set up their home, but you should not offer one factor of the type of home, which has nearly urgent remodeling needs. Certainly decide when your wants and do the job along utilizing the workman for simply home it’s completed!
Search People on the Web – What Are extremely easy?


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Openly Gay Muslim Imam Reacts to Orlando: Clubs Like Pulse are Safe Havens for LGBT Muslims, Too | Democracy Now!
executive director of Mecca Institute. Imam Abdullah also is one of the first openly gay imams in the Western Hemisphere.
Authorities have identified the Orlando gunman as 29-year-old Omar Mateen. He was born in 1986 in New York to Afghan parents. Since 2007 Mateen had worked as a security guard at G4S, the largest private security firm in the world. The FBI interviewed Mateen in 2013 and 2014 for possible terrorist ties. According to The New York Times, he was placed under FBI surveillance for a time, but the agency eventually closed its inquiry. There are reports that Mateen called 911 around the time of the assault and declared his allegiance to the Islamic State, but no audio of the call has been released to the public. We speak to Imam Daayiee Abdullah, executive director of Mecca Institute. Imam Abdullah also is one of the first openly gay imams in the Western Hemisphere.
AMY GOODMAN: Vigils are being held across the country following what’s been described as the deadliest mass shooting in modern American history. At least 50 people died in Orlando, Florida, early Sunday morning after a gunman opened fire at a packed gay dance club. More than 50 others were injured, the victims overwhelmingly Latino and young, between 20 and—in their twenties and thirties. Authorities identified the gunman as 29-year-old Omar Mateen, who used a semiautomatic weapon that would have been prohibited under the assault weapons ban that Congress allowed to expire more than a decade ago. On Sunday, the Council on American-Islamic Relations condemned the shooting. This is the group’s executive director, Nihad Awad.
NIHAD AWAD: Our hearts, thoughts and prayers are with the victims of their—with the victims and their families. We offer condolences to the families, and we pray for the recovery of the survivors. This is a hate crime, plain and simple. We condemn it in the strongest possible terms. It violates our principles as Americans and as Muslims.
AMY GOODMAN: Joining us now is Imam Daayiee Abdullah, executor director of Mecca Institute, one of the first openly gay imams in the Western Hemisphere.
Welcome to Democracy Now! Can you show your thoughts, Imam Daayiee Abdullah, about what took place in Orlando, Florida, this weekend?
IMAM DAAYIEE ABDULLAH: Yes. Thank you, Amy, for inviting me. And I’m wearing black today because I’m still in mourning, because I want to give out condolences to the families and friends of the—and the community there—of the victims there in Orlando, and basically to say that, overall, violence is never the answer to any type of response, but there are a number of different issues that, in intersection, lead to a major question as to why these things happen. It’s not just because of an individual with just hate, but there are things that underlie the reasoning behind them so that they can choose to use violence as a way to make a statement.
AMY GOODMAN: Can you talk about how the media is portraying what took place? I mean, when the words across the bottom of the screen, when people woke up yesterday, on television, “terror attack,” you almost knew immediately it wasn’t a white supremacist who did this, because it would have said “white supremacist attack.” “Terror” has become synonymous with “Muslim” in this country. Can you describe your response to hearing who was involved with this attack and what they’re saying about Omar Mateen right now?
IMAM DAAYIEE ABDULLAH: OK, well, typically, like any other attack that has happened, most Muslims, you know, there’s a gasp of breath, and they go, “I hope that they’re not Muslim.” And there’s times, as being a black male, that I hope it wasn’t a black male that did this. So it’s a very similar feeling. But the way in which the media has portrayed, and continues to portray, it has gotten better, but the problem is that there’s always this leap directly towards, if the person is Muslim that did it, then it’s terrorism rather than someone who may have a mental illness or someone who have other causes that led them to fall into the process of using violence in terms of what they do.
So, I think that, generally, when it’s a white male, then it’s mental illness is the first thing that they utilize after reporting the crime. But in this instance, it’s always terrorism. And as Donald Trump commented yesterday evening, that this is—you know, keep the Muslims out. So it’s always a direct attack towards Muslims, who are American citizens, and as well as other individuals who are here who believe in their faith. And we find that we are now in a position again of trying to protect ourselves, and, again, in some instances, causing people to become more sequestered in their day-to-day lives.
AMY GOODMAN: You talk about mental illness, and you talk—we just played a clip of Sitora Yusufiy, his wife, his ex-wife, who said that he was mentally ill and that he beat her when he was married to her, Imam.
IMAM DAAYIEE ABDULLAH: Yes. Well, one of the issues I think is very important, in many communities of color, there’s a stigma about mental health. And in my pastoral counseling that I provide to not only LGBT Muslims, but also young Muslims, interfaith couples, older Muslims who are now in a different culture, we find that the shaming that comes from acknowledging that one may have some issues that may relate to mental health, often people are not willing to go and seek additional help because of that shaming or that cultural stigma that’s associated with it. And I think that we need to make this change in how people approach mental health, so that people can be helped much earlier in the process if they should exhibit certain issues or certain ways of—in which we show there’s some mental illness issues.
AMY GOODMAN: If you could talk about also his fascination with guns? Speaking to reporters Sunday, his ex-wife, Sitora Yusufiy, also described Mateen’s interest in guns.
SITORA YUSUFIY: He wanted to be a police officer. So he trained with his friends who are police officers, and he had a license to have a gun in Florida. You’re allowed to do that. So, he didn’t practice anything in front of me, but I’m sure he went to shooting ranges.
AMY GOODMAN: That was Sitora Yusufiy. Your response, Imam?
IMAM DAAYIEE ABDULLAH: Well, in growing up in Detroit, Michigan, both of my parents were gun owners, and that they taught us how to safely and carefully utilize them, because we had businesses, and they showed us out of a sense of protection. But that was something that was used to never use a gun unless you intend—never, you know, play with a gun unless you use it to intend—intend to use it. But it was for protection only.
And I think one of the issues quite often, from a mental health perspective, that people find power behind a gun. And I think this may be one of the issues that was prevalent with Mateen, in that he used that as a source of power where he may have felt powerless. There are other speculations for reasons why he may have felt powerless, too, which I’m not certain if we should even try to delve into until we have more information about it. But frequently, that is the issue behind most people. They feel a loss of power. They use a gun to sort of equalize things. And, of course, once the process begins, quite often people die in that process.


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The Socialist Party of Ireland was formed in 1949 and was affiliated to the Socialist Party of Great Britain. The name was in use until 1959, when the World Socialist Party was established, although the party does not appear to have been active throughout that period.
The Socialist Party of Ireland was initially established by the Belfast Socialist Group, which had been set up that year, in collaboration with some Dublin socialists.


text: Our local Las Vegas North Outlets Chipotle Mexican Grill is cultivating a better world by serving responsibly sourced, classically-cooked, real food with wholesome ingredients without added colors, flavors or other additives. Chipotle had more than 2,450 restaurants as of September 30, 2018 in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, France and Germany and is the only restaurant company of its size that owns and operates all its restaurants. With more than 70,000 employees passionate about providing a great guest experience, Chipotle is a longtime leader and innovator in the food industry.

industry_corpus2: Hospitality & Catering


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Shunlongwei Inspected every T607021564BT before Ship, All T607021564BT with 6 months warranty.
Q: How To Order T607021564BT?
Q: How To Pay for T607021564BT?
Q: How Long Can I Get The T607021564BT?
A: Yes, The product Engineer will help you on the T607021564BT setup, Application, Replacement, Repaire.

industry_corpus2: Manufacturing


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We are here to make things easier for you! We offer free assistance for local, professionals and businesses who wish to host an event in Ålesund & Sunnmøre.
We cooperate closely with our network and partners. Together we offer all the support you need to plan your next successful meeting whether it is ideas and inspiration, contacts or a FAM trip.
Ålesund - a compact and unique town in a colourful Art Nouveau style, located by the coast and at the very entrance to the world's most beautiful fjords.
The hotels in the region Ålesund & Sunnmøre cover all requirements - innovative business, conference hotels, boutique hotels, fjords, mountains, all year activities, unexpected venues, compact.
All within a short distance!

industry_corpus2: Travel & Geography


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Every royal nuptial and birth must be commemorated in the form of plates and mugs. It must be part of the unwritten British constitution. These commemorative goods are always knocked out in great haste and often of dubious taste as well as questionable quality. The recent engagement of Prince Harry and Meghan Markle has been no exception, as this image shows. I am not sure if the bad quality of the photograph is doing a favour or disfavour to the rather shoddy-looking mugs available at a typical souvenir shop in central London. At any rate, I always wonder who would buy such mugs, unless as a joke or in order to annoy the recipient: my [insert a relative] went to Britain and all I got was this mug.
It will be interesting to see what kind of role Prince Harry and Ms Markle will carve out for themselves in the future, as the succession looks pretty secure with Prince William’s line. Less constrained by the succession thus their possible future constitutional roles, they are likely to be freer to pursue their interests, or become royal celebrities with a high profile, though perhaps there is also a possibility that they will slide into relative obscurity. The monarchy has had to evolve, adapt, and reinvent itself in order to survive, and Prince Harry and Ms Markle will be playing a role in that continuing history.


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This 3M X64w Projector Lamp is a genuine OEM part.
The majority of projector lamps purchased are OEM lamps as these predominate in the market. Sony, Panasonic and Epson are OEM examples, they manufacture the projector and design the lamp that goes into it, they then supply the part to be replaced.
Projector warranty is not changed Due to the fact this is the manufacturers recommended replacement part, the projector guarantee remains unaffected, although in the majority of cases that guarantee has expired by the time a lamp is required.

industry_corpus2: Computing & Telecommunications


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One of the most common questions we come across is how to keep a pool maintained without the use of chlorine. While chlorine is a fantastic sanitizer, it can sometimes leave your skin feeling dry and irritated. Not to mention it can bleach your bathing suits and clothing. Somar Pools employs a few options to drastically reduce the amount of chlorine necessary to keep a pool clean. While it is difficult to eliminate chlorine from the equation completely, as part of our pool service, we can install an ozone generator to do most of the work that the chlorine normally has to handle. Ozone is actually the best sanitizer on the planet and is widely used in commercial water parks to ensure complete sanitization. Once it is incorporated into your pool system, you will notice the chlorine level can be kept much lower than would otherwise be necessary to sanitize your pool. Ozone is the purest and most natural way to ensure the quality of your pool water. Ozone is 100% natural and can reduce your chlorine use by 60%-90%.
Another fantastic option offered by Somar Pools is to install a chlorine generator, sometimes referred to as a "salt system". A chlorine generator works by having an electrolytic cell installed in to the plumbing, and adding salt to your pool. The chlorine generator breaks down the salt into hypochlorous acid, the effective killing agent in chlorine, often requiring fewer pool repairs. Having this system will not only save you money on costly chlorine, but because of how it is installed it actually disinfects almost every drop of water that passes by the cell. The only thing we need to do is maintain the salinity of the pool within the proper parameters as well as the other chemicals and your pool will be perfect! The added bonus of salt generated chlorine is the lack of that "chlorine smell". The salt level needed for the chlorine generation to take place is actually the same salt level as human tears, so it is not overly salty.
With the addition of either of these systems or both, you will help keep the plastics and paper products used to transport chemicals out of our landfills. Not to mention the fuels and energy used to create all of the chemicals necessary to maintain swimming pools. Somar Pools is proud to offer our clients chlorine alternatives that are beneficial to our customers, their families, and the earth.
If you are interested in getting more information about chlorine alternatives for your pool, please contact our Miami Chlorine Alternatives Professionals at Somar Pools today. We look forward to working with you.

industry_corpus2: Water Resources & Marine


text: Discerning drivers will appreciate the 2019 Hyundai Accent. This 4 door, 5 passenger sedan is ready to drive off the showroom floor! Smooth gearshifts are achieved thanks to the efficient 4 cylinder engine, and for added security, dynamic Stability Control supplements the drivetrain. Both high fuel economy and flexible performance are assured by the 6 speed automatic transmission. Hyundai infused the interior with top shelf amenities, such as: a tachometer, a trip computer, an outside temperature display, front bucket seats, remote keyless entry, an overhead console, and power windows. Audio features include an AM/FM radio, steering wheel mounted audio controls, and 4 speakers, providing excellent sound throughout the cabin. Hyundai ensures the safety and security of its passengers with equipment such as: dual front impact airbags with occupant sensing airbag, head curtain airbags, traction control, anti-whiplash front head restraints, a security system, and ABS brakes. Brake assist technology provides extra pressure when applying the brakes. Our sales reps are knowledgeable and professional. They'll work with you to find the right vehicle at a price you can afford. Stop in and take a test drive!

industry_corpus2: Automobiles


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This guide will help you generally identify what type of drive you're holding in your hand.
IDE - This is NOT a SCSI drive. This is the more common IDE drive, generally found in intel/PC equipment (although they are worming their way into everything now-adays...), and now becoming more common on Macintosh and Sun Workstations as well. Ugh. Actually, to be fair, IDE has gotten better recently, and with enough caching, IDE drives now rival SCSI for speed - but their reliability is still an issue and they are much more difficult to RAID, but their comparative cheapness and ubiquity now makes them a serious factor for high-end solutions. Would I trust them for critical data? No, but they are dirt cheap, and decent enough for the average workstation -- and they come in enormous sizes now that allow you download movies and a zillion mp3's... IDE doesn't set ID's like SCSI, instead you're limited to a single master/slave combination (2 drives) per IDE controller. (Yes, that is my actual hand, not a stuntman or body double's…) The connector is 40 pin, arranged in two rows of 20 pins, while the jumper between the power connector and the IDE connector sets the drive to "Master", "Slave", or "Cable Select".
50 Pin SCSI - the "standard" SCSI drive that you're most likely to see if the drive is smaller than 18GB, and didn't come out of something requiring ultra-wide. If you're looking at a beige Macintosh, an earlier SUN, SGI, or other "high-end" workstation, then chances are you'll come across a 50pin SCSI drive in the 40Mb to 4GB range. If it's really an old machine with SCSI, yes, the drive might be a 5.25 full height device that sounds like a jet-engine when it spins up.
68 Pin SCSI - Most fast/wide drives are 68 Pin. Many external drive cases for later Sun systems and other high-end devices used 68-pin connections internally and externally. They can be adpated to 50 pin, but that adapter is cumbersome and doesn't allow the drive to be placed into a 3.5 inch drive bay because the adapter juts out from the rear of the drive. Believe it or not, this is the LEAST likely drive you're going to come across unless you're pulling apart an old server built around the time these became popular, because most fast/wide drives adapted to the next type of connector rapidly for advantages I'll detail below.
SCA - Power, SCSI ID, and the SCSI bus, all in one connector. SCA drives were created for RAID and "hot swap" situations where the drive gets everything via that single connection. Very nifty. SCA quickly replaced the 68-pin type drives in server situations because the drives could just be slid into and out the chassis of the server, and the moment the SCA plug hit the backplane of the server, the drive would get power, a scsi id and SCSI connection and be ready to use.
Adapters exist to allow the SCA connector to be "broken out" into a 50 or 68 pin (or both), power and SCSI ID. This adapter consists of a small board that sits against the entire rear of the drive and goes vertical. Again, with the adapter in place, you'll find it difficult to get the drive into a tight drive bay -- but where there's a saw, there's a way. For a picture of these adapters, see the bottom of this page.
DB-25 connector - This is important, as SCSI is identified by this symbol (usually)... It's important to look at this, because many parallel ports on PCs feature a similar looking DB-25 connector, and this is not to be confused with SCSI! The pinouts and voltages are different and damage to your external SCSI device, your computer or both could result if you plug the SCSI device into your PC's printer port!
SCSI cables communicate between a SCSI port and a SCSI device, or between two SCSI devices. SCSI (Small Computer Systems Interface) is standard on most beige Macintoshes and optional on PCs, but is also generally found on workstations and servers. SCSI is advantageous over other types of controllers/devices because of its high speed data rate and its ability to support up to seven devices (eight devices including the controller itself).
Hard drives, tape drives, optical drives, scanners, and CD-ROM drives can all use the SCSI interface. SCSI uses IDs to specify the device, which are numbered from 0-7. Most SCSI host adapters have to be set to SCSI ID 7 (or zero). Most external SCSI devices use a Centronics 50 or male DB-25 connectors, or HD-50 connectors.
Generally speaking, the controller should be set at ID number 7. The higher the setting, the higher the priority (HOWEVER, SCSI id's are usually checked in numerical order at startup, so a boot drive should be set to zero (or 1)(if possible)). Slower drives should be set with a higher ID so they can access the bus whenever they need to. Each device has to have a unique ID.
In general, the bootable hard drive is set to an ID of 0 and the CD-ROM to an ID of 6 or 3 (depending upon the machine -- SUN machines prefer 6, while Macs prefer 3). This is not a requirement, just a suggestion, as sometimes the ROM/PROM will have a shortcut to the CDROM if it assumes the proper SCSI ID.
These things can be found, but a warning -- they ain't cheap, and generally nullify any monetary savings to be had by scavenging an SCA drive from a junked server. If you've got some already, then you're set. The best way to get one is to beg one out of a freind that has some already, because believe me, you don't want to pay for this thing when hard drives are now so incredibly inexpensive. The particular unit shown here breaks it out into either 68 pin or 50 pin, but there are cheaper versions that only break it out into a single connector (usually 50 pin). Again, if space is tight where you're mounting the drive (such as a lunchbox style chassis), the extra room taken up by the adapter means that you won't have an easy time fitting the drive (unless you're willing to do some serious case modification).
Generally, you're going to find three jumpers on a SCSI drive, they are often labeled A0, A1, A2. These jumpers control what SCSI ID the drive is set to (this obviously won't work on SCA drives, unless you have the SCA Adapter with it's own jumpers).
SCSI Wide drives, which often allow up to 15 devices, have a 4th jumper, which follows the same pattern. It would help if you already knew how to count in binary, because this is exactly how it works!
So the moral of this story is know your binary!!!
A good tip to know is to check the website of the drive manufacturer. Usually, they will have pinouts of the drive, and all you need to do is to type in the drive model number (such as ST12450) and there's just about everything you ever needed to know about that drive. Isn't the web wonderful?
If you can't find the drive manufactuer (or it's been rebranded by another reselller such as HP or Apple), trying doing a search for the drive on Google (the best search engine out there), and see if that generates a lead as to the actual manufacturer and model number.


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Happy Wednesday, all. I actually thought yesterday was Wednesday until about 3:00 PM when I met up with Jolyn and she informed me that it was Tuesday. So I'm feeling very confused today. Partly because I still don't really know what day it is because Jolyn lies to me whenever possible. But also because I thought I already experienced what I'm experiencing now.
Anyway, Jolyn didn't lie when she said that she put the videos up from The Porch event last week, so today I give you those. Jolyn says that they get blurry in a couple of places and she's very sorry for that but that the audio is fine and "nobody needs to see you clearly anyway." I passed on to her that we are all very disappointed and will probably never forgive her so you don't have to tell her yourself.
Jolyn had to split the video into two pieces for reasons that I didn't really understand (I was still thinking about the fact that it was actually Tuesday while she was explaining it to me). You can find Part I here and Part II here, or play below.
Holy muscles batman... you look very different from the last Porch video. :) Forget what Cathy says, you look great!!!
This was my thought too!!! I spent most of the time (when the video wasn't blurry of course, THANKS JOLYN!) checking out your arms!!! Impressive Eli!
You do look great and I love you, and I don't say just because I'm trying to figure out how to get into Cathie's world. I loved you before I loved Cathie.
Ugh. That Jolyn. Who does she think she is getting away with such shoddy workmanship? I wouldn't trust her if I were you. The blurriness in the video is evidence of something blurry in her life. Improper love affair? Cat loving? Bad contact prescription? Whatever it is, you should ditch that girl.
Ha ha ha, I love that strangers comments and interactions are just as funny as the posts!
Awesome!! Fascinating how you spend such an inordinate amount of time naked in public.
After watching the video, it was even funnier the 2nd time around. Big shout out to Jolyn for recording this.
Every time an "Anonymous" post contains anything related to me, I wish I were a hacker so I could find out who you are and send you real love. But this will have to do. And my pleasure! Glad you liked it.
You tell a terrific story!
I have to say I'm a little disappointed you didn't mention that you actually used the filthy toilet.
The first video shows up as "no stream"
This one must be you . . . still seems to be working here.
Who would have thought that Paraguay would turn out to be the clean part of Latin America.
Eli, I would buy your comedy album!
Haha, Modest is Hotest way to go Eli!


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Ever wonder what the difference is between a hard and private money lender? Lenny Longo explains Should I use a Private Lender or Hard Money Lender?.
Real еѕtаtе investors rеlу оn thе рrореrtіеѕ thаt thеу рurсhаѕе tо рrоduсе income. Whіlе a strong buуеr’ѕ market сеrtаіnlу favours investors, іt does tаkе a grеаt deal of fіnаnсіаl ѕаvvу tо ѕuссеѕѕfullу nаvіgаtе real estate іnvеѕtmеntѕ. Aftеr аll, conventional fіnаnсіng, ѕuсh as the FHA loans uѕеd to рurсhаѕе rеѕіdеntіаl hоmеѕ, often аrеn’t аvаіlаblе tо іnvеѕtоrѕ. Inѕtеаd, many іnvеѕtоrѕ turn to рrіvаtе mоnеу lenders – also knоwn as hаrd mоnеу lеndеrѕ – tо fіnаnсе their purchases.
Hаrd money loans, which are аlѕо called рrіvаtе mоnеу оr equity-based lоаnѕ, are designed tо mееt thе nееdѕ оf rеаl еѕtаtе buyers whо саn’t use traditional fіnаnсіаl рrоduсtѕ. In mаnу саѕеѕ, banks and оthеr lеndіng іnѕtіtutіоnѕ wоn’t finance real еѕtаtе purchases because thеу dоn’t mееt stringent criteria аbоut thе tуреѕ оf рrореrtіеѕ thаt qualify fоr fіnаnсіng. In оthеr саѕеѕ, іndіvіduаlѕ аrе unаblе tо ѕесurе fіnаnсіng because оf past fоrесlоѕurеѕ or сrеdіt рrоblеmѕ.
A bоrrоwеr can uѕе thе private mоnеу loan for mаnу different рurроѕеѕ. Hе оr ѕhе might rеfіnаnсе аn еxіѕtіng mоrtgаgе, purchase more рrореrtу, оr construct іmрrоvеmеntѕ оn соmmеrсіаl land. The loans can also be uѕеd tо reduce thе nеgаtіvе іmрасt оf a bоrrоwеr’ѕ fоrесlоѕurе оr bаnkruрtсу рrосееdіngѕ. Thе lоаn can аlѕо іmрrоvе сhаnсеѕ of ԛuаlіfуіng for оthеr loans tо рurсhаѕе аddіtіоnаl parcels of lаnd.
A рrіvаtе еԛuіtу lоаn deal іѕ based рrіmаrіlу on thе lender’s аnаlуѕіѕ оf thе hаrd аѕѕеtѕ оf thе borrower — рrіmаrіlу thе undеrlуіng рrореrtу uѕеd аѕ соllаtеrаl. Thеѕе trаnѕасtіоnѕ іnvоlvе fеаturеѕ ѕuсh as partial рrореrtу dееd rеlеаѕеѕ, borrower participation, аnd іntеrеѕt-оnlу lоаn rерауmеntѕ. They аrе usually accomplished with a muсh ԛuісkеr turnаrоund tіmе than a соmmеrсіаl mortgage.
Buyers аnd іnvеѕtоrѕ who wаnt to рurсhаѕе rеаl property but dоn’t ԛuаlіfу fоr traditional financing mау bе аblе tо utilize thіѕ tуре оf рrіvаtе fіnаnсіng. Before you аррlу for оnе оf thеѕе рrіvаtе loans, іt’ѕ еѕѕеntіаl tо understand what types of products аrе аvаіlаblе.
True to thеіr nаmе, fіx-аnd-flір lоаnѕ аrе dеѕіgnеd fоr іnvеѕtоrѕ whо wаnt tо buy рrореrtіеѕ, rеhаb them аnd sell thеm аt a рrоfіt. Thеѕе hоmеѕ often don’t ԛuаlіfу fоr FHA fіnаnсіng bесаuѕе thеу nееd too muсh work. Fix-and-flip loans are wіdеlу uѕеd асrоѕѕ thе nаtіоn аnd can bе utіlіzеd bу bоth nеw аnd еxреrіеnсеd investors. Mоѕt hаrd money lоаnѕ dеѕіgnеd fоr fix-and-flip рrореrtіеѕ саn bе used tо fіnаnсе bоth thе рurсhаѕе price аnd thе соѕt оf repairs. Thеѕе lоаnѕ mау аlѕо be rеfеrrеd tо аѕ rеѕіdеntіаl оr соmmеrсіаl rеhаb lоаnѕ.
Bridge lоаnѕ are a tуре of рrіvаtе mоnеу loan uѕеd by buѕіnеѕѕ оwnеrѕ to cover gaps between their ореrаtіng expenses and аvаіlаblе funds. A buѕіnеѕѕ owner mіght сhооѕе a brіdgе lоаn tо рау a bіg COD оr to own a рrореrtу free аnd clear. These loans аrе also a good аltеrnаtіvе whеn a bank won’t rеfіnаnсе a mortgage.
Some іnvеѕtоrѕ wаnt tо buіld іnnоvаtіvе properties but саn’t find thе financing to dо so. Private financing for ground-up соnѕtruсtіоn саn рrоvіdе thе fundѕ needed tо рurсhаѕе land аnd complete соnѕtruсtіоn рrоjесtѕ. These tуреѕ of loans аrе оftеn uѕеd bу іnvеѕtоrѕ аnd buѕіnеѕѕ owners who wаnt to build ѕресіаltу properties that аrе difficult to аррrаіѕе оr аrе реrсеіvеd bу trаdіtіоnаl lenders аѕ high risk.
Fоr mоrе information аbоut how we can help you achieve your real еѕtаtе іnvеѕtmеnt goals through our private lending products, please email Lenny@EquityTrac.com.
5 Reasons to Invest as a Private Mortgage Lender.

industry_corpus2: Finance & Economics


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While poor and desperate refugees from war-torn and devastated countries are incarcerated and abused by the Australian government, quick and easy visas are being granted to millionaires from China.
The figures make a mockery of claims by the Business Council of Australia and its government lackeys that the corporate and top income tax rates need to be cut to attract foreign investment when Australia has brought in more millionaires than any other country, including low-tax Singapore (15%).
Fat-cat millionaires with dollars to invest can get their residency visa inside of two months, without completing the usual immigration and English language tests. A ‘significant investor stream’ further encourages those with $5 million in spare cash. These visas allow the family to move to Australia and their children to attend schools and universities, but only really require the visa holder to spend 40 days actually living in the country.
These special visas have been tailored to satisfy the demands of big business in Australia for more and more capital, much of which has previously benefitted the interests of US and European imperialisms as the dominant economic influences. Yet this influence is now coming increasingly under challenge from Chinese interests and those sections of the local ruling class that are shifting their loyalties.
China (including Hong Kong) accounts for more than 90 per cent of the high-wealth visa applications, with much smaller numbers from Malaysia, South Africa, and more recently, Vietnam.
Yet China has passed laws nominally restricting individuals from exchanging any more than US$50,000 (in Chinese currency) in a year. Bank and government approval is also required for any single transaction exceeding US$5 million and for investment transfers of larger amounts. None of this seems to deter the new class of Chinese millionaires seeking Australian residency and investing in the corporations and multinational companies that dominate monopoly capitalism here. Presumably much of it just gets ticked off by the Chinese government.
And how did all these Chinese millionaires arise? Why has such massive inequality developed in a ‘socialist’ country and how can you have socialism without collective ownership and control by the working class?
Could it have something to do with the changes in China since 1983 – the dismantling of the communes and the privatisation of land forcing millions of peasants into the cities to become cheap labour for local and foreign capitalists and so-called ‘entrepreneurs’. Could it have something to do with the privatisation of many government industries and institutions, including healthcare and education? Could it have something to do with the influx of multinational corporations into China’s special economic zones? Have these developments embracing capitalism led to wide-spread corruption and nepotism and the decay of socialist morality?
The interests of the Australian people are not served by foreign investors and tax-dodging corporations from either the US or China jostling for control of our industries and resources. The local national bourgeoisie is silent on this, crushed and intimidated by the greedy banks and collaborating politicians. The working class is the only force capable of asserting national independence and mobilising the people to take control of our country.


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Display stands, when branding the right message for your business, can be a great tool for putting out your business message and convincing the public to come to you as opposed to your competitors. Most boards are portable and easy to set up, which can be particularly useful if you're constantly on the road. Some are designed to be even more practical, such as pop up/pull up banners. These can be deployed and folded away at will, saving a great deal of hassle when arriving at or leaving an event.
Slight sidetrack now... I'm intending to revamp the site. Contemplating color scheme a fair bit and needed feedback. What do you guys think about http://fehrgameoutfitters.com. Yes, no? Leave me a comment. My apologies! I am a scatterbrain, I will get back to it now.
As mentioned earlier, budget restrictions can be a big hindrance for a business looking to get off the ground. Fortunately, display stands are very durable and can last a long time. Most are constructed from sturdy materials and will last a long time before they need replacing. Choosing bamboo frames is also a plus given that they are sturdy AND environmentally friendly. Taking a bit of consideration and choosing a robust, long lasting stand from the right supplier will avoid the need for forking out money every couple of months.
It goes without saying that the content of your display graphics should be interesting, eye catching and appealing. Your target audience may not always be directly in front of/facing the stands, therefore something that will turn their head is crucial to a successful design. Try including details of a new product or service, or a sale that might be running for a period of time. Regardless of what industry you're in, the word SALE is hard to resist glancing over.
Whilst your competition might be investing all of their time and money into attracting an online following and customer base, it can be often forgotten that the old school methods of advertising your business are still as effective now as they we're before the Internet came and changed the business world. Ensure you have a simple but appealing design; place it in a location where people will see it and you're good to go!
Hope you liked this. I ought to mention this had been suggested by Fil from Empire renos. always love ideas and opinions.
http://camdendesignsinc.com - One of my top picks.
http://hairstyle-blog.com - Amongst my favorites.
http://titantransline.com - You are Remarkable!


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Members from across the country have raised an incredible £10,000 for the We Love Manchester Emergency Fund to continue to support victims of the tragic bombing at Manchester Arena.
The emergency fund launched by Manchester City Council in partnership with the British Red Cross, raises money for those affected by the attack and their families. So far almost £2 million has been donated through their JustGiving page alone with donations still coming in every day more than six months after the attack.
To make a donation to the We Love Manchester Emergency Fund, please visit: www.justgiving.com/ManchesterEmergencyFund.


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The Durham VAMC faced a situation with foul odors inside an active ophthalmology clinic. Atriax was urgently called to assess the nature of the odors, investigate the cause and recommend corrections. Using Flame Ionization Detector (FID) and multi-gas meter, varying levels of VOCs were found and isolated. Further investigation, including confined space entry, revealed an old sanitary sewer manhole with neutralization assembly under the slab of the addition housing the eye clinic. Recommendations for access, repair and maintenance were made to correct the unpleasant environment.
Objectionable odor source was found, isolated and corrective design issued.


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The supermodel has kept tabs on the ANTM winner.
We can't wait to see what fierceness is about to go down when Eva Marcille joins The Real Housewives of Atlanta later this season. Her former America's Next Top Model head judge and mentor Tyra Banks assures us it'll be worth the wait.
Tyra didn't hold back her love for Eva when gushing about her joining the Georgia Peaches this season on Watch What Happens Live with Andy Cohen Sunday night (clip above). "I'm insanely obsessed. I am so proud of her. I mean, from Cycle 3 of America's Next Top Model, she has held her own and is doing her thing. And she comes back on this new cycle of America's Next Top Model. I come back and Eva comes back, and so to see her with you, oh my God," Tyra gushed. "I know what she can do what y'all have not seen. So you guys are very much going to enjoy her."
Of course, we should be thanking Tyra for bringing Eva into our lives in the first place. Eva first burst onto the scene in Cycle 3 of ANTM in 2004, ultimately winning the competition. As Tyra mentioned on WWHL, Eva will be returning to ANTM in the upcoming Cycle 24 in a special throwback-themed episode. “We were inspired by Throwback Thursday on Instagram and how popular that is, so we decided to dedicate an entire episode to Top Model throwback, and that’s something I want to continue on the show in the future: to always have an episode that’s all about the throwback,” Tyra told Entertainment Weekly in December.
These are altogether exciting times for Eva. In addition to joining the RHOA crew, Eva is expecting her second child, a boy, and she recently got engaged to boyfriend Mike Sterling.
Get ready for an all-new episode of RHOA Sunday night at 8/7c, below.


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toLowerCase Return new string with all characters in lowercase.
charCodeAt Return Unicode encoding of character at specified location.
fromCharCode Static method; return string from list of Unicode numeric encodings.


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Brown and Edward A. Gleason, in partnership with Dallas firm Carrington, Coleman, Sloman & Blumenthal, have successfully brought to conclusion a habeas corpus death penalty case in Texas involving the capital murder conviction of Manuel Velez.
soon be eligible for parole with credit for time served and good behavior.
and many other lawyers and staff over a period of six years.In 2013, the American Bar Association presented Kanan, Goodlette, Brown and Gleason with its Exceptional Service Award for Pro Bono Death Penalty Representation for their work in securing Velez’s retrial.

industry_corpus2: Law & Justice


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Enjoy the splendor of New York City with the quintessential Manhattan package, including a 3-night stay at the JW Essex House on Central Park South, tickets for two to attend the Tony award-winning Broadway musical “Come From Away”, and an exclusive Show-Score Experience of your choice! Plus, enjoy luxury airfare provided by American Airlines.
Spend 3 nights in King Accommodations in the iconic JW Marriott Essex House, an Art Deco gem on Central Park South. The five-star hotel is ideally located in the heart of it all, with the Theater District and much more all within reach.
Enjoy tickets to “Come From Away” and an exclusive theater related "Experience", provided by Show-Score.com. Show-Score is the un-biased one stop for NYC theater. It's free to join. More than 250,000 members use the site to navigate the vast NYC theater scene. Show-Score lists all the shows (Broadway, Off- and Off-Off). For each show, the site has all critic reviews, all member reviews and all the major discounts. Show-Score also offers unique theater-related Experiences like the "Historic Hudson Theater Tour", "Theater Treasures at The Metropolitan Museum of Art Tour", and the always popular "Broadway Sip and Paint" activity.
Broadway star Caesar Samayoa has performed in Sister Act, The Pee Wee Herman Show, and Love's Labour's Lost (Delacorte Theater), Shakespeare's R&J, Bernstein's Mass (Carnegie Hall). He has also held leading roles in Film, TV, Off-Broadway and Regional Theatre Companies including The Public Theatre, Yale Rep, La Jolla Playhouse, Goodspeed Musicals, and Tectonic Theater Project. Caesar has also appeared as a soloist at Carnegie Hall, Kennedy Center and various national and international concert tours. BFA, Ithaca College. Twitter: @CaesarSamayoa.
Please note: The JW Essex House gift certificate and Show-Score voucher are valid until August 31, 2019. The hotel stay is for 3-Nights in King Accommodations, blackout dates and restrictions apply. The Show-Score voucher for “Come From Away” and Show-Score Experience is redeemable for a mutually agreed upon date, prior to arrival. Meet-and-greet to be scheduled at a mutually convenient time. Good for 2 people, the same night as your tickets to the show.
Airfare is in the form of two voucher worth 200,000 miles each on American Airlines. Voucher must be deposited by 4/11/20; miles remain valid according to AA rules. AA bookings subject to restrictions as outlined on aa.com.


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In 1773-1774, William Bartram travelled throughout the Southeastern U.S., cataloguing flora and fauna along the way. In his Travels & Other Writings, he writes of the Carolina parakeet, the only native North American parrot species, now extinct.
The parakeets (psitacus Caroliniensis) never reach so far North as Pennsylvania, which to me is unaccountable, considering they are a bird of such singularly rapid flight, that they could easily perform the journey in ten or twelve hours from North Carolina, where they are very numberous, and we abound with all the fruits which they delight in.
I was assured in Carolina, that these birds, for a month or two in the coldest winter weather, house themselves in hollow Cypress trees, clinging fast to each other like bees in a hive, where they continue in a torpid state until the warmth of the returning spring reanimates them, when they issue forth from their late dark, cold winter cloisters.
They are easily tamed, when they become docile and familiar, but never learn to imitate the human language.
For more information on the Carolina Parakeet, visit: Audubon on the Carolina Parakeet.
Resources: Bartram, William. Travels and Other Writings. New York: Penguin Books, 1996.


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Oh goodness! Thank you for letting me know Pat!
Thank you for featuring my project! The files were so fun to work with!!
These are cute files. Thanks for sharing!


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The Canyon Lake Triathlon Club invites residents to join them at Indian Beach Park for their annual Pedal & Paddle Regatta. Bring your paddleboard, kayak, pedal boat, or non-powered paddle vessel for a fun non-competitive group cruise of the East Bay, followed by a lunch.
Kids and adult paddleboard races start at 12 p.m.


text: The newest and cheapest offers found by other travellers for the flight Malta - Kaunas are presented here. You can check if the prices have not changed by clicking „Check“ button. If the tickets for the date offered have been sold, the system will find You the next available deal.

industry_corpus2: Transportation


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When to test wireframes or designs.
What tests to use in specific situations.
Questions most frequently asked by clients.
Test (v.): take measures to check the quality, performance, or reliability of (something), especially before putting it into widespread use or practice.
You can test just about anything in a digital product: design solutions, code, performance, forms, buttons, etc. In this article, we will focus on design only. We are working in the Agile Scrum methodology, in which testing is part and parcel of every sprint. That’s why each design team needs to include a dedicated QA specialist, who is responsible for testing. Every iteration you make on your design should be tested. The primary stages of the design process, which you can see below, should involve testing methods that are adequate to the project’s scope and the stage you are in.
Minimize the risk of the product’s failure – when it’s in users’ hands, it must work as intended.
Be more confident and calm upon the product’s launch.
Save money on fixing bugs and flaws after the product is launched.
Save money on customer service; otherwise, users would ask for help after not being able to accomplish what they set out to do.
Get to know your customers, their behavior, needs, and preferences.
Even a team of skilled designers won’t spot all the points where real users may get stuck when using the product.
People not involved in creating the product will give the most valuable feedback because they will have a fresh view.
Avoid the embarrassing moment when you have to admit that you made a mistake in front of the client.
When designing, be sure you are not going in a wrong direction for too long, because bugs and flaws can escalate quickly.
You will make a positive impression on the client when you recommend testing and give strong arguments about it.
Participants: PD, QA, users Goal: Test the UX. Wireframes are focused on high-level design decisions such as user experience, user flow, and information architecture. So, before you go to the next stage – the visual design – you will need to test these elements. In small projects, you can test the UX and the UI at the same time in the next stage. Tools: design bug bash, user testing within your organization, guerrilla usability testing.
Participants: PD, QA, users Goal: Test the UI. Visual design is focused on more specific design solutions such as UI elements, colors, shapes, and interactions. Assuming you ran tests after the wireframing, you need to test these elements now. Tools: design bug bash (link), user testing within your organization or with outside testers, guerrilla usability testing.
Participants: PD, QA, users Goal: Analyze user behavior to make sure customers use the product the way it was designed and if the client’s goals are met. Tools: heatmaps, A/B tests, user testing within your organization or with outside testers, analytics.
After wireframing and after design.
This is the very first step, and the easiest one you can take, to validate your design at any stage.
Just share your design with others, preferably with a question – what you need to have validated/tested or what you would like to get people’s opinion about.
Deliverables: Others should leave comments on the design you've shared (e.g., on InVision).
As you progress with the design, it gets more and more complex, you lose your fresh view, and help from other people becomes necessary.
Arrange a 30- to 60-minute-long design bug bash that will include at least three QA specialists: the project’s QA specialist and two QA specialists not involved in the project. It should also include a PD. Also nice to have: a PM, a front-end developer, other project team members.
Your QA specialist will lead the bug bash. In the beginning, you can tell others what the project is about, and who the typical users will be. Explain what tasks you want to have accomplished by participants but don’t explain any design solutions beforehand. Everyone should go through the whole prototype, performing tasks given by the PD individually. Deliverables: Any bugs/doubts should be taken note of by their finder as, for example, InVision comments.
This is the most casual version of user testing. The main goal of guerrilla testing is to find errors and fix them as quickly as possible. Guerilla testing is about finding and fixing the most severe problems, not agonizing over every possible obstacle a user might encounter.
Prioritize tasks and decide which to test.
Turn your tasks into scenarios.
Capture the insights from the guerrilla testing.
Fix your usability problems. Deliverables: Write down the top 3 usability problems or capture the task completion in a table. See detailed instructions here .
You need a reliable and objective test of your design (it must be something that your internal team or design-oriented bug bash can’t deliver) and of the existing product. The test should require a specific target/personas.
In person: give a user a task and assist him/her through the test. Ask questions, guide, and explain if necessary.
After design and after implementation.
MVPs – you need to test and validate early-stage products.
Low budget – the client has no budget for other kinds of testing.
No time – No time to run a moderated user test. Unmoderated tests can be done virtually anywhere at any time by anyone who meets your criteria.
An existing product that needs a redesign.
Personally: give the user a task and leave him/her alone while a camera is recording.
A/B testing allows you to make more out of your existing traffic. While the cost of acquiring paid traffic can be substantial, the cost of increasing your conversions is minimal. The Return On Investment on A/B testing can be massive because even small changes on a landing page or website can result in significant increases in generated leads, sales, and revenue.
Advanced tests can include pricing structures, sales promotions, free trial lengths, navigation and UX experience, free or paid delivery, and more.
To learn about A/B, visit these links link , link & link .
Learn how to bust these 7 A/B testing myths by Kissmetrics link .
The ultimate guide to A/B Testing by Smashing Magazine link .
Learn about most important A/B Testing checklist by HubSpot link .
Study your Website Data: Use a website analytics tool such as Google Analytics and find the problem areas in your conversion funnel. For example, you can identify the bottleneck pages with bad metrics.
Observe User Behavior: Utilize visitor behavior analysis tools and find out what is stopping the visitors from converting. For example, “The CTA button is not prominent on the home page."
Test your Hypothesis: Create a variation per your hypothesis and A/B test it against the original page. For example, “A/B test your original homepage against a version that has a larger CTA button.” Calculate the test duration with respect to the number of your monthly visitors, current conversion rate, and the expected change in the conversion rate.
Analyze Test Data and Draw Conclusions: Analyze the A/B test results and see which variation delivered the highest conversion. If there is a clear winner among the variations, go ahead with its implementation. If the test remains inconclusive, go back to step number three and rework your hypothesis.
Report results to all concerned: Let others in Marketing, IT, and UI/UX know of the test results and the insights generated.
Heatmaps are great for analyzing your visitors’ behavior. They can bring insights you wouldn't have found using other methods, and, consequently, they can greatly increase your conversion rate.
Mouse movement: where the mouse moved (using mouse-tracking).
Click tracking: where the actual click occurred.
Scroll tracking: how far down the page the visitor scrolled.
Eye tracking: where people are most likely to focus upon the first viewing of an image.
What’s more, a heatmap can be incredibly helpful in improving the clickability of your images. It will let you know what people look at and what details they miss. From there, you can adjust, remove, and add whatever you need to increase the effectiveness of each image used.
Learn about 8 heatmap tests that reveal visitors’ behavior here (by Hotjar).
Learn how to use heatmaps to increase conversions here (by Dan Virgillito from AdEspresso).
Look at a practical guide how to increase conversions by using heatmaps here and here .
Analyze the traffic and users’ behavior on a website or mobile app. You can also measure the conversion rates by setting goals.
Ask your developer to install Google Analytics (GA).
You can analyze many different statistics in GA: live traffic, bounce rate, time spent on a page, how users found your page, and a lot more.
After implementation and before official launch.
You have your product ready and working, but before the official release, you should test it on a small sample to collect feedback and spot any remaining bugs.
Beta testing is mostly done by developers and is especially useful for mobile apps testing, but it can be applied to any digital product. You can take advantage of usage metrics that are available in tools such as HockeyApp, and users can give feedback directly in the app.The smart approach to selecting your audience is to use focus groups , which work as small, representative, scaled-down groups of your future customer base.
It’s wise to build prototypes and test as early and as often as possible to fix the major issues before you even move the project to the next stage.
You just need between 3 and 5 people to spot the most significant usability issues.
It’s often better to test the product with new participants without any knowledge about you and your product.
Don’t try to capture your insights (write them down, talk to yourself, etc.) while testing on real users – it makes them nervous.
You don’t want to bias your users during the test. You want to see how they figure out things for themselves, or how they don’t figure them out. In real life, you wouldn’t sit next to them while they would be using your product.
Why do I need testing?
Who’s paying for the test?
How long will the test take? Will it affect the deadline and/or development?
Was the app tested after design? Can we start the implementation? How?
What kind of tests do you provide by default to ensure high quality?
Have I collected feedback among the team?
Was a design bug-bash conducted?
Were tests conducted after the wireframe phase?
Was a test conducted after the visual design phase?
Wireframes or designs tested using appropriate techniques.


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The International Desalination Association (IDA) announces that Dr. Abdullah Al-Alshaikh, Deputy Governor for Planning and Development of Saline Water Conversion Corporation (SWCC) in Saudi Arabia, has been named President of the International Desalination Association (IDA) for the 2013-2015 term.
In addition, IDA announced that Emilio Gabbrielli, Vice President Business Development of Toray Membrane, has been named 1st Vice President, and Miguel Angel Sanz, Director of Development and Innovation of Degr�mont, 2nd Vice President.
Dr. Al-Alshaikh's first postgraduate position was working with ADA (Ar Riyadh Development Authority) as an engineer from 1988 � 1994. In 1992 he was appointed as Director of the Diplomatic Quarter in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and headed the department for two years. He was involved in the construction and maintenance of the Diplomatic Quarter as well as operations management of such facilities as the Cultural Palace (City Hall), Twaiq Palace in the Diplomatic Quarter.
He began working with SWCC in 1994 as a Project Engineer in the Studies & Designs Department, where he was involved in reviewing of designs and technical proposals for the major Shoaiba Phase II Pipe Line Project, a 122 km long pipe line with pumping stations and storage tanks to supply water to Jeddah and the holy city of Makkah and Taif.
In 1996 he was appointed as General Manager of Projects in SWCC's head office, leading the department involved in bid evaluation, awarding and implementing contracts and interacting with governmental agencies, consultants and several contractors in the construction activities of major multimillion power and desalination projects.
In 2002 he was promoted to Assistant Deputy Governor of SWCC for Projects & Technical Affairs while continuing to work as General Manager of Projects and, in the absence of the Deputy Governor, conducting the duties of the Deputy Governor. In 2006, he was promoted to Deputy Governor of SWCC for Planning and Development, the same position he holds today.
Dr. AI-Alshaikh has been a member of the IDA Board of Directors since 2009 and has served as Chairman of the IDA R&D Committee since that time. Additionally, in 2006 he was elected a Vice Chairman of Saudi Council of Engineers (SCE) & Chairman of Project Management Chapter and in 2009, was elected a Chairman of Project Management chapter at the SCE for the second time.
He holds a B.S. in Civil Engineering from King Saud University, Saudi Arabia and a Master of Engineering Degree in Civil Engineering from The Pennsylvania State University, State College, USA. In 2004, he was awarded a Ph.D. degree in Business Administration by Hull University, UK for his thesis, " A Contract Model for Private Sector Participation in Water Resources Management: The Case of Saudi Arabia�.


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You can prevent the installation of the cookies by configuring your browser software accordingly; however we would like to point out that in this case it may not be possible for you to make use of the full scope of all this website's functions. By using this website, you indicate your agreement with the processing of the data collected about you in the manner described above for the aforementioned purpose.
You can publish information worldwide with the Google +1 button. You and other users can use the Google +1 button to obtain personalised contents from Google and our partners. Google stores both the information that you gave for +1 contents as well as information about the site you were viewing when you clicked on +1. Your +1 can show information together with your profile name and your photographs in Google services, e.g. in search results or in your Google profile or on other locations on websites and displays in the Internet. Google records information about your +1 activities in order to improve the Google services for you and others. To be able to use the Google +1 button, you require a worldwide visible, public Google profile which must contain the name selected for the profile at least. This name is used in all Google services. In some cases this name can also replace another name that you have used for parts of contents via your Google account. The identity of your Google profile can be displayed to users who know your e-mail address or have other identifying information of yours.
In addition to the used mentioned above, the information you provided is used in accordance with the applicable Google data protection provisions. Google may publish summarised statistics about the +1 activities of users or forward them to users and partners such as publishers, advertisers or connected websites.
AFunctions of the Twitter service are integrated in our sites. These functions are offered by Twitter Inc., 795 Folsom St., Suite 600, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA. By using Twitter and the "Re-Tweet" function, the websites you visit are linked with your Twitter account and made known to other users. Data are also sent to Twitter in this process.
As the provider of the websites, we point out that we have no knowledge of the contents of the data communicated or its use by Twitter. More information on this can be found in the data protection declaration of Twitter at http://twitter.com/privacy.
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