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As I look up at the Orchards Corner clock – it is 2pm but one of its faces says 5:20 and the other 7:25 – the crackle of a round of fireworks erupts from the direction of Chinatown. I follow the source of the sound, walking down Quay Street until I catch sight of two red and gold lions, cavorting amid a cloud of fireworks smoke outside the noodle shops in the courtyard on Thomas Street. Once the fireworks have burnt through, the lions move on slowly, further into Chinatown, as people descend on the pile of red fireworks papers with brooms, sweeping it up before the wind can disperse it.
I watch until the lions dance across the street, and then turn towards the restaurants on the ground floor of the Prince Centre, the mall that fills the corner block. The restaurant I know best here is the Chinese Noodle house, with its plastic grapes hanging from the ceiling, tapestries hanging on the walls, and the tables in a tetris-like arrangement that leaves only just enough space to sit down at them. For years I came regularly to the noodle house before realising that it was connected to the mall behind it on Quay Street. On the Quay Street side it has a plain facade, but on the Thomas Street side the building tapers to a point, opening up into a courtyard with glass stairwells at either end.
For as long as I’ve been visiting them I’ve loved the malls in Chinatown: the mirrored interiors, escalators and food courts and the travel agencies, hairdressers, fashion boutiques and herbalists, that are collected within. Aside from the busy food courts, the malls have a mood of quiet industriousness, their businesses tucked away above street level, there for those who need or want to find them. The majority of Chinatown’s malls were built in the 1980s, and Prince Centre is a good example, with its pink granite tiles, peach and grey colour scheme, and palm trees. One tree is interred inside an octagonal glass box alongside what is now a drained water-feature, which makes a perfect place to sit to wait for a table in the Chinese Noodle House. Sometimes the proprietor of this establishment comes out with a violin under his chin and plays a tune, using the acoustics of the courtyard to good effect.
On the Quay Street side of the Prince Centre there was, until its partial renovation a few years ago, a cascading crystal light feature and a ceiling decorated by thousands of white scales, which produced a shimmering, seashell-interior effect.
This interior was modernised in 2015, and replaced with a plain ceiling instead, although some of the 80s details persist.
The next mall of this kind is at the corner of Hay Street and Thomas Street: the Citymark, on the lower two levels of a late-80s-era office building. It is a fairly plain commercial building, but upon scrutiny of its facade it looks recognisably dated, a product of the late 1980s, as certainly as shoulder pads in a jacket. To build it, an 1800-seat picture theatre was demolished, one of the many that were built in Haymarket in the early 20th century, when this was the city’s theatre district.
The Citymark cuts through from Thomas Street to George Street, through an arcade of shops selling products such as shoes, cosmetics, and rice cookers. I often take it as a shortcut, but rarely have a need to venture upstairs. As is usually the case, the upper levels of the malls is a tranquil place, with few people around. I startle when I look through the window of a shop with a plain facade and see two headless mannequins in hazmat suits poised for action (the fork and spoon were a clue to its identity: it’s the office for a restaurant delivery service).
Across from this store is China Books, which has a copy of The Hungry, Hungry Caterpillar in the window, and a view out towards Dixon Street and the Market City mall.
Of all of the Chinatown malls, Market City has the most conventional interior, and perhaps the most bizarre exterior, a postmodern collage of architectural features. Built to incorporate the shell of the 1909 market building, Market City resembles a rambling castle, with turrets and columns and cupolas, the kind a child might draw to fill up a sheet of paper. At the back of the castle, a residential tower of 48 storeys mushrooms up, so tall and embedded within the overall structure it seems oddly invisible from street level.
I have an affection for the one square window in the brick wall beside the Ultimo Road entrance of Market City, through which piles of folders are visible. It is the only window on an otherwise-windowless long wall, and after looking up and noticing it once, it has been conspicuous to me ever since.
Across Hay Street from Market City is Dixon Street, its ceremonial gates with green-tiled canopies marking each end of the pedestrianised section that forms the Dixon Street mall. The pedestrian mall was created in 1980, when the street was closed to traffic, a deliberate attempt to formalise the area’s identity as Sydney city’s Chinatown. There has been Chinese businesses in this area since the 19th century, although the location of Chinatown had moved a number of times before this: first in The Rocks, then Surry Hills, before settling in Haymarket. Although now Dixon Street is thought of as Chinatown’s centre, its boundaries have shifted and continue to do so. In the early 20th century, Chinatown was thought of as spanning Surry Hills and Haymarket: “a winding dragon with its head in Campbell Street, its body curling up Ultimo Road and its tail in Dixon Street”. The creation of the mall in 1980 settled Chinatown into this part of the city, reclaimed land which was once a swamp with a creek which fed into Tumbalong/Darling Harbour.
The lion dancers are at the end of Dixon Street now, and I watch them tossing their heads, dipping and weaving, as the fireworks bang and sizzle. Throughout their dance, Elder Paik stands at the side of the gates, continuing to spin a green hula hoop from his usual busking position. Paik, who is now in his 80s, is reliably found in this spot, wearing white facepaint and outfits wreathed in fake flowers, twirling a hula hoop around his hips. Underneath the crackle of the fireworks the drummers beat out a steady rhythm, giving the lion’s steps a regular pace.
There is a crowd of people around the lion dancers and so I walk up to the very end of the Dixon Street mall, skipping over Sussex Centre and Dixon House for the time being, until I reach the Harbour Plaza building at the northern end. It is best known as the location of Eating World, the chthonic food court on the ground floor with its rows of worn and sticky laminex tables. For many years the bar here was staffed by a man who had an impressive crest of lacquered hair and always wore a cravat, a style which made me feel I should be ordering a cocktail rather than a chrysanthemum tea.
Underneath Eating World is an arcade which, on this Saturday afternoon, is deserted apart from a few people sitting inside their stores: a nail salon, a foot massage place with decals of huge hands pressing into huge feet, and a real estate agency which had, hung up in the doorway, a lettuce for the lions, a red envelope attached to it with a toothpick.
I could hear from the drums that the lions were approaching, so I doubled back along the mall and into the Sussex Centre, the brighter of the two central Dixon Street malls. Both it and Dixon House have interiors like an Escher engraving, their plentiful escalators producing a confusing optical effect, but Sussex House particularly so, as the levels of shops ascend in a series of ramps that lead up to the food court on the top level. As I walk inside the Sussex Centre I remember that in the 1990s there used to be a Laserdisc shop on the Sussex Street side of the shopping centre (for those who don’t remember them: CDs the size of vinyl LPs, pretty much redundant by 2000). In the 90s I’d pass by it on my way upstairs to have a Happy Chef laksa, sitting at the window facing the old Boyd and Hanlon produce store building on Sussex Street. Until recently it was decorated by faded L and P signs, an advertisement that I enjoyed for its lack of supplementary signage.
My favourite Chinatown mall is Dixon House, on the corner of Little Hay Street. Built inside the shell of what was formerly a Myer warehouse, it was completely remodelled in 1983, when it was bought by the heiress to the Tiger Balm fortune, a Hong Kong businesswoman named Sally Aw. She sold it in the 1990s, and then it was sold again last year, and described in the article announcing this as a “D-grade commercial building”.
Building grades are probably not the same as movie-grades, but even so, I will spring to Dixon House’s defence. My love of it comes from it being an 80s time-warp, with mirrored ceilings and columns, pink walls and carpet, artificial plants and a collection of small, independent businesses. Like Eating World its basement food court has a worn atmosphere, although it does have the additional novelty of the mirrored ceiling.
Eating noodles in 2005: little has changed from this scene apart from the 3.2 mp digital camera.
At the Dixon Street entrance are two directories that list the businesses inside, some of which seem to no longer be in residence, including the enigmatic Dockets and Forms Australia Pty Ltd. Escalators lead to the upper levels, and underneath them is a watch store, with a Seiko neon sign of a diamond. The usual Chinatown mall collection surrounds it: travel agencies, fashion boutiques and hairdressers. At the Sussex Street entrance is the tiny office for John Wong, Chinese Soothsayer, which has photos of him with prominent past politicians and at local events in the window.
I step onto the escalator, entering more deeply into Dixon House’s peaceful, mirrored world. Mirrors reflect off mirrors, so the journey up the escalators appears to be transporting multiple versions of me forwards, backwards, upside down and into other dimensions.
In the back corner of the top level is the legendary Ching Yip coffee lounge, a Hong Kong-style cafe-restaurant. Enter through under the pink neon sign and you find yourself in a pink and grey, laminex and vinyl oasis, soon examining a menu printed on pink paper, listing hundreds of items, from Hot Lemon Coke and Hot Tea & Coffee Mix to rice, pasta and borscht. In the corner, a cake fridge glows, its contents mostly lemons.
When I come to Ching Yip I usually have jam toast and tea with lemon (it seems important to help out with the lemons), and while I consume these I take in the cool, quiet, pink atmosphere. Tinkly musak plays in the background, and I stare over at the line of tropical fish ornaments behind the counter, and the ads for Fanta and the laminated pink menus offering the afternoon special. Often it’s busy in Ching Yip, but I’m here at an in-between time, and so mostly my company is the artificial palm trees and the framed pictures of flowers and sailboats.
After I finish the tea I leave Ching Yip and descend down via the mirrored escalators, heading towards Dixon Street. The lion dancers have moved through and gone, leaving a trail of the red paper from the firecrackers in their wake. The red scraps mix up with the pink petals from the crepe myrtle trees, which are blooming for this last, humid month of summer. Both the red paper and pink blossoms seem to promise good luck for the new year ahead.
The quote about Chinatown being in the shape of a dragon is from Shirley Fitzgerald Red Tape Gold Scissors. Some of the Dixon House backstory I learnt on tour of Chinatown conducted by King Fong, thanks to Philip E for inviting me.
The train emerges from the tunnel towards Circular Quay station and the darkness outside the windows is replaced by a long, thin panorama, a horizontal slice of sky and water bracketed by the Harbour Bridge and Opera House. It’s a living postcard, animated by the ferries and the clouds, watched by those waiting on the platform. People lean against the glass barriers to take photos of the harbour, or just gaze out, watching the ever-moving scene in front of them.
I join the throng clogging the top of the steps that lead down to the concourse. I hang back, not in a hurry, and wait until I’m the last to descend. As I walk down, I look above the stairs to where, set high up into the wall, there are ornamental grilles decorated by bronze fish. They have a stranded look to them, a little bit dusty, but with their rainbow sheen still visible.
I always look for them, one of the few decorative features of this station which, since its opening in 1956, has been relentlessly condemned as ugly, interrupting the view of the harbour from the city, and the city from the harbour. The construction of the station and the Cahill Expressway above it was a drawn out and unpopular process. Things came to a head at the 1958 opening of the Cahill Expressway, when despite the premier’s announcement that this was “a striking symbol of Sydney’s growth and maturity”, things did not go as planned.
If Circular Quay station is maligned, the Cahill Expressway is even more so. The railway line and the road above it forms a thick line that cuts across the view, as if it’s a low, wide belt keeping the city in check. There has often been talk of the expressway’s demolition: in 1994 Prime Minister Paul Keating even offered the NSW state government the funds to remove it. Yet it remains, visually intrusive, loved by no one, but not entirely without charm. A side-effect of maligned places is that people avoid them, which can, sometimes, twist their atmosphere into something unusual and interesting.
The Cahill Walk is a good example of this. To get to it I move quickly along the Circular Quay promenade, past people munching through pancakes at City Extra and passengers coming off the Manly ferry. Details flash up: a man wearing a t-shirt that says “winter is not coming”; the round bronze discs set into the pavement that commemorate famous writers. I step over A.D. Hope, Barry Humphries, and Kenneth Slessor, until I’m at a grove of palm trees hemmed in by concrete, that surround a glass elevator clamped to the side of the railway line and road above.
I press the elevator call button and soon the doors open in front of me, puffing out a cold, air-conditioned breath in welcome. I step inside, the doors seal me in, and the noise of the quay recedes. I’m inside a bubble, ascending, above the tops of the palm trees now, the view of the Harbour Bridge coming clear the higher up the lift rises.
At the top, the doors behind me open and I turn to face the four lanes of traffic on the expressway. A long, concrete walkway extends beside it like a grey ribbon.
Never, in all the times I’ve been up here, has there been many other people here. It’s one day of popularity is New Year’s Eve: a ballot operates for tickets to watch the fireworks from here. At other times, you might very well have it to yourself. This morning there’s almost no one else but me, apart from an occasional runner jogging by. It’s only a slight change of perspective from the Quay below, but has a completely different mood. If it weren’t for the incessant traffic, and the way the path trembles underfoot when heavy vehicles go by, it would be a tranquil, pleasurable place to be, rather than the exposed and sometimes slightly eerie experience it is to walk here.
The traffic speeds by, having just come off the Harbour Bridge. I watch the intent expressions of people behind the wheels of their cars, notice a man on his motorbike singing as he rides along, and feel the path shudder when a demolition truck goes by, the word CHOMP in orange across the front. On the other side is Warrane, the bay dominated by a gargantuan cruise ship with a steaming funnel like a kettle just come off the boil. The poisonous smell of the diesel fuel drifts across. On the front of the cruise ship is a man in overalls, tethered to a railing above, holding a paint roller on a stick, repainting the ship’s nose. The expanse of fresh white paint follows him as he moves slowly along.
Walking up here, alongside the expressway, is to have a feeling of floating mid-air, looking into the thicket of city buildings to one side and the harbour’s expanse on the other.
Below where I am on the Cahill Walk, the crowds of Circular Quay mill and disperse. Up here I’m alone, with traffic and jackhammering and construction noise filling the air as I look towards the building sites on the city’s edge. Behind them are dozens of office buildings, thousands of windows, each framing a view of the harbour. Anyone looking out of them at this moment would be moving their eyes over the same scene as me, watching the harbour, the ferries, the shifting clouds, that familiar scene, slowly changing.
Thank you dear readers for following Mirror Sydney in 2018, a busy year for me, with the book out in the world. It was a delight to meet some of you when I had launches and talks, and I look forward to more in 2019.
At the edge of Chinatown is the Sydney Trades Hall, a Victorian-era office building, four storeys high, with an octagonal tower jutting from the corner like a lantern. When it opened in 1895, this area was near the wharves, railyards, and industrial areas on the city’s fringe, areas that employed many of the workers who belonged to the trade unions who had offices inside the building.
On the main staircase there’s a list of the union offices that once were found within Trades Hall. It’s an index of the city’s past occupations, among them bread carters, sailmakers, glass bottle makers, food preservers, Pyrmont Sugar Workers, milk and ice carters. The building would have been a lively place, with all of these offices, a literary institute library, and nightly social activities, concerts and dances and meetings.
Now the building is part-offices, part-museum, after being refurbished in the 2000s. I’ve come on a tour as part of Sydney Open, the annual weekend on which buildings of historical and architectural interest are open to the public. On the ground floor I walk in past an old, wooden elevator with a banner for the Lift Attendant union displayed inside it. There are other such banners hanging in the nearby hallway, for cleaners and for watchmen, and a framed painted list of offices, with a delicate painted hand pointing upstairs.
The building houses objects related to its history: the signs that once hung in the hallways, the banners that unions used in marches and processions, and the certificates and banners used by the unions to signify or reward membership. The large painted banners are ornate and symbolic, decorated with gold leaf.
Their painter was Edgar Whitbread, who worked for decades, well into his 70s, at a small studio in the glass-domed Victoria Arcade. His name can be seen printed modestly at the base of these banners, which were once used in the processions and demonstrations that would bring thousands of people onto the city’s streets. Their detail and meticulous craftsmanship are surprising to the contemporary eye, and we can imagine them held aloft, as the workers they represented marched with them.
It was in the 1960s, the heritage officer leading the tour tells us, when the building was under threat of demolition, that thought was given to whether the banners should be preserved. That they were owes much to the Trades Hall secretary, Lorna Morrison, who advocated for their restoration. The banner had been stored in a part of the building that was at the time opened up as a walkway between the original building and the new Labour Council building behind it, a grey office block with painted advertisements for the on-site broadcaster, 2KY radio, on it.
Other objects on display, he said, were found piled up in the basement during the refurbishment in the 2000s. These objects now tell the story of the building, but also of the world of work, and how Sydney’s workers have shaped the city.
In 1950, the Smith’s Weekly newspaper published a series of profiles of city workers titled ‘Men in Odd Jobs’. The first article appeared in July, profiling Mr J.A. Sinclair, who spent his days testing lawn bowls for accuracy. Next readers met a skeleton articulator at the Australian Museum. Then a man who drills holes in buttons: Mr Ern Sheather who confides that “drilling holes in buttons is soothing to the nerves”. In September, under the headline He Frightens Spiders, was the story of an instrument maker who places spider webs in the theodolites used by surveyors for measuring angles.
One day two men were standing outside the Commonwealth Bank in Pitt Street, when one of them dropped his keys down an open grate. He was in a terrible state, and began to wonder how he would carry on his work.
His friend said it would be possible to get police to remove the grate. Just as they began to panic, my mate poked the keys back through the grate with two fingers.
The men stopped talking and gaped at the fingers with the keys dangling. They couldn’t see us below, but we could see them in the daylight.
One man said: ‘Look, a human hand and alive.’ The other snatched the keys with out saying a word and went for his life.
I can imagine this was a story Mr Stanley told often, relishing the description of the fingers poking up through the manhole, working up to the delivery of the “Look, it’s a human hand and alive!” punchline.
There are fourteen “odd jobs” stories in all. Of these, four relate to postal and telephone services. In addition to the Inside-Out-Bag Turner, the man who maintains the machine that produces the dial-tone, the franking-stamp changer, and the man who opens the door of the vault in the Bank of NSW, is the one woman featured in the series, Miss Mary Sprague.
Miss Sprague had the unusual job of reading the time live at the Sydney GPO, which housed the city’s central telephone switchboard. Before the installation of a mechanical ‘speaking clock’ in 1954, the job was done by a group of women who took turns in sitting in front of a clock, reciting the time into a microphone. Miss Mary Sprague explained how the intensity of the task made it difficult to read for more than 20 minutes at a time.
I’d never thought that such a job as time-reading would have been done live, but in the days before digital timekeeping it could be difficult to maintain accurate time on mechanical clocks and watches. When people wanted to check if their watch was correct, they called the service, dialling BO74. Up to 20,000 people would call daily and it was particularly busy around 5pm, as people hoped their watches were running slowly, and the time to leave work had already come.
The article on Mary Sprague was the first of the “odd jobs” series I read. I found it while researching an essay I’ve written for Time and Memory, a new book published by the Museum of Applied Arts and Sciences. A few months after I read the article about Mary Sprague in Smiths Weekly, I was doing a reading at the Paragon Cafe in Katoomba. I mentioned the essay I was writing to Robyn, the cafe owner.
Speak to Joyce I did indeed, and you can read my interview with her at Reading the Time with Joyce Thomson, on the museum’s blog. When I spoke to Joyce, who is now in her 80s, she described how it had felt to move to the city, from Katoomba, as a young woman in the late 1940s. The scale of life opened up for her and there were possibilities all around. By reading the time at the GPO she joined the ranks of those in the city doing an unusual job. Now, like most of the jobs that Smiths Weekly reported on in 1950, this job has slipped from public knowledge, long-since having been technologically superseded. But just enough of a trace of it exists, for it to be remembered.
The arrow points towards the underground passage, urging me to “Keep on Walking”. Ahead of me is a white-walled tunnel, its curved ceiling and unadorned walls making it more resemble one of the hallways from Star Wars than a pedestrian underpass. There are no advertisements on the walls, no graffiti, just a string of round, black ventilation grilles that look like portholes, and two stripes of fluorescent lights along the ceiling.
This is one of my favourite Sydney tunnels. Its starkness is a respite from the visual clutter of the city, as if I’ve slipped into a connecting piece between the present and the past, or some other kind of Sydney. Even at peak hour it’s not a busy thoroughfare. More often that not I walk through it alone, expecting a band of Stormtroopers to come marching out from exit midway along it. But the only action is the few pedestrians heading between Museum train station and the office buildings above.
The Star Wars connection is not as much of a stretch as it could be: the underpass was built in the late 1970s, around the same time as the film was in cinemas. It was part of the Hyde Park Square development of two office towers and an underground arcade and sunken plaza, all connected to Museum station by the tunnel.
I reach the end of the tunnel and it widens out into a shopping arcade. On one side is one of the few remaining ceramic murals by Vladimir Tichy. It is a long wall of textured, bark-like tiles, with sets of vertical bars made from glazed, white bricks, which look like spears of bamboo, or stalactites on the roof of a cave. On one panel is the marker’s mark, carved in relief into the clay: Designed by V. Tichy, 1977.
Tichy is a ceramic sculptor who came to Australia in 1968 from what was then Czechoslavakia. He set up a studio in Parramatta, from where he produced many large-scale ceramic murals for public and office buildings, RSLs, and civic centres. There were once many Tichy murals in the city, but now the only other ones are in the lobby of Macleay College on Foveux Street, and at the entrance to Newton’s Pharmacy on York Street. The rest have been destroyed as 70s buildings are renovated or demolished.
Beyond the mural is the square itself, a sunken plaza between the two buildings. Designed for office workers’ lunches it had clusters of chairs and tables and a big, curved concrete bench you could either side on the inside or outside of. Now most of the square is taken up by a childcare centre, with soft artificial grass and a sandpit.
A new sixty-five metre tunnel under Elizabeth Street was opened in 1978 to take pedestrians from the complex to Museum Station. The new tunnel was given a modern-art atmosphere with wide bands of colour. The smooth lining of the tunnel was made of a specially toughened material and was said to be vandal proof.
At first, the white paint seemed to cover the wall panels so well that there was no hint of what colour it must have been before. The white paint extended tightly into the cracks, from floor to ceiling. I stood up close to it, scrutinising its surface, looking for the tiniest flake or chip to reveal the layer behind it. The surface was slightly rough, but uniformly off-white: it gave nothing away. I stepped back and looked around the tunnel, towards the side exit. Here a metal arrow on a pillar gestured obscurely to the right, devoid of any other guiding information.
I looked back to the white walls of the tunnel and saw something I had not yet noticed. Just visible was a slight change in texture, in the shape of a diagonal line. I followed it with my eyes. Near the curve of the ceiling another line intersected it at right angles. Then another line intersected that. I walked slowly along the tunnel, my eyes on the lines, and they came into life, diagonal stripes and squares. All of a sudden I notice a line of scraped marks at the bottom of one of the panels, which revealed slivers of bright green underneath the white coating. The next panel was scraped too, revealing yellow.
As I stood in the white tunnel it flooded into colour in my mind’s eye. Diagonal bands of green and yellow came into bloom. I felt a transformation come over me, too, as if I could, in that moment, see through time. Opening my notebook, I quickly sketched out the lines and shapes.
To emerge from the tunnel that leads out of Wynyard Station onto George Street is to enter a sonic mess of construction noise. There are bursts of deep, jarring reverberations and the sounds of metal against concrete, as the demolition of the buildings above the station continues.
As the buildings – the Menzies Hotel, and the 1960s office block Thakral House – have been demolished, the walls of the adjacent buildings have come to light for the first time in 50 years. As Thakral House came down, sunrays appeared at the top of the side wall of the building on the north side, Beneficial House. Then a creature, a dog with a bushy tail, inside a red shield. And then, underneath it, the word PEAPES. At first the hoardings were too high to see much of the sign from street level, but as the demolition continued, the full breadth of the Peapes sign was revealed.
Peapes was a men’s clothing and tailoring department store, which operated out of Beneficial House from when the building was erected in 1923, until the close of the business in February 1971. Its advertising emphasised the “lofty and spacious departments, where a leisurely peace reigns”. The showrooms were fitted out in polished maple, with Doric columns supporting the ceiling and a circular light well at the centre. It was an elegant place, in-keeping with the quality of Peapes’ goods, which were stressed to be of the highest degree.
Peapes’ slogan was “for men AND their sons” (the AND was in upper case, to stress the importance of intergeneration consistency in men’s style) and it was the place to shop if you needed any kind of gentleman’s outfit, from necessities to luxuries: jackets, shirts, hats, shoes, “an unusually smart shirt with tie”, “a distinctive overcoat”, “superior flannel trousers”. Clothes could be bought off the rack or made to measure. Peapes sales representatives also travelled to country towns across Australia to conduct fittings, booking out rooms in hotels, advertising in local papers, for men to come and have their measurements taken for suits.
The store had two tradmarks. The first was the Warrigal – a dingo, Warrigal being the Dharug word for dingo – the one pictured at the top of the wall sign. The second was diarist Samuel Pepys, an ancestor of one the firm’s founders, George Peapes. On the third floor of the department store was the Pepys Room, a common room of sorts, “a room of restful atmosphere…for reading, writing, smoking, or keeping appointments”. The bewigged Samuel Pepys also appeared on the labels of their garments.
Peapes had been operating on George Street since 1866. In 1912, the wealthy businessman W.J. Miles became one of the directors. These days his name may not be a familiar one, but his daughter, Bea, was one of mid-twentieth century Sydney’s most well known characters. Her distinctive figure, in long coat and tennis hat, was a common sight in the city and suburbs, seen climbing in and out of the taxis for which she never paid the fare, or quoting Shakespeare on demand for a fee of sixpence.
The royal blue of the Peapes sign is a bright window into a past Sydney. Thousands of people walk past it daily, and for those who look up and notice it, the texture of the changing city is revealed, its layers and traces. Soon the demolition will be complete. A new building will be constructed, covering over the Peapes name, the sunburst, and the Warrigal dog. But, for this brief moment, it is back in the light.
With thanks to David Lever for Peapes memories and investigations.
Approaching the Sirius building I can see the group I am to join already assembled outside, waiting for the tour. They gather in the forecourt, a brick-paved area with circular garden beds, in which grow banksia trees and jade plants, and a hibiscus flowering with pink blooms. Among the people waiting there moves a tall man wearing a purple shirt. He is handing out flyers, talking with verve as he does so. This is Tao Gofers, the architect who, in 1976, designed the Sirius building, and has been working with the Save Our Sirius group to protect the building from demolition.
The Sirius is one of Sydney’s most iconic buildings, instantly recognisable due to its striking modular design and its prominent position beside the Harbour Bridge. Its stepped shape of concrete blocks and roof gardens with purple funnels rise up alongside the Bridge. It seems almost close enough to be able to reach out from the Harbour Bridge walkway to touch them. At least this is what I imagined as a child, as I, like generations of Sydney residents, wondered what it would be like to live there and explore on the rooftop gardens, looking out over the city.
The Sirius is a building that gives much to the imagination. It’s a people’s building, both because it was designed as social housing and operated successfully as such for four decades, and because it has such a strong physical presence in the cityscape. It’s a building that’s embedded in the city’s collective consciousness, as important and as controversial as it was when it opened in the late 1970s.
Illustration of the Sirius from 1970s Housing Commission brochure, image courtesy of Tao Gofers.
We are taken back to 1976 as Tao Gofers describes the process of designing the Sirius. At that time there had already been demolition of social housing properties and relocation of residents in the area. A condition of lifting the green ban that had been imposed on area by the Builders Labourers Federation was that that there be provisions for the working class community who had been living in the area for generations to remain in The Rocks. Until the Ban was lifted, the government could make no changes to their existing properties in The Rocks, and they were eager for the stalemate to be resolved.
The Sirius was the key factor in the lifting of the green ban. It all happened quickly: there was only 10 days between Gofers first hearing of the project to his presentation to the stakeholders. He describes the scene, the government officials in double-breasted suits, and the Rocks residents “like us”, people in their everyday clothes, who had gathered to see his proposals. He first showed a design for a small development of 14 terrace houses, which was unacceptable to the government. Next he showed a proposal for a 20 storey building with 8 apartments per floor, which was unacceptable to the residents. A third proposal, for a standard tower block of 80 units was also rejected for being aesthetically displeasing. Then Gofers presented the proposal for the Sirius. The design was presented as a compromise between two extremes, but it was the one that Gofers believed in, and the one that came to be built.
Tao Gofers describes the Sirius building planning process.
Sirius was based on The Laurels, an earlier apartment development Gofers had designed in Sans Souci. The model for The Laurels had been made with Revlon eyeshadow boxes, which had the right kind of dimensions for the windows that filled the ends of each concrete module. The Sirius was an expanded version of this design, which combined 1,2,3 and 4 bedroom apartments, as well as apartments specifically designed for the elderly and people with disabilities.
We walk around the building, looking up at the apartments as Tao describes how of the 79 units, 74 have access to a balcony, terrace or roof garden. “If you have just little boxes,” he says “people aren’t going to be happy.” His designs were made with people’s emotional bond to their homes in mind. These were not purely functional spaces, although their simple design made them adaptable to the multi-level site. It included numerous communal areas, including the Heritage Room on the 8th floor, designed as a common area for older residents, and the Phillip Room on the ground floor, with red patterned carpet, wood-panelled walls, and dramatic beams of raw concrete.
The wooden figures that decorate the walls of the Phillip Room.
We cannot even glimpse into the Phillip Room now. The windows are completely blocked off with black plastic, for no other reason but to prevent us looking inside. All we can see is our own reflections moving by. The group is big, around a hundred people. We stand at the back of the building, staring up at the apartment balconies where succulents grow wild and unpruned from the planter boxes. Almost every one of these apartment is empty. The government has been moving residents out since 2014, with the intent to sell the building and have it demolished. Despite the recommendations of its own Heritage Council, heritage listing was refused, and it is this decision Save Our Sirius campaign is working to fight.
Accompanied by security guards, we crowd into the foyer, and then go in small groups in the lift up to level 10 for a look inside Myra’s apartment. Myra, who is 90 years old and has lived in this neighbourhood for almost 60 years, has become the face of the Sirius building. Myra is blind, and has no wish to move away from the familiar apartment and area she has been a part of for so long. This morning she is at the front of the building, sitting in the forecourt with a drawing group assembled around her, sketching her on their notepads. Upstairs, groups of people stand in her living room, looking around. It is the homely environment of an elderly person, with its teaspoon collection hanging on the wall, framed photos and knicknacks arranged on the shelves, and a horseshoe hung up in the hallway as a luck charm. The windows fill the entire of the eastern wall and through them is a view across the harbour.
The SOS lights (for Save Our Sirius) in Myra’s bedroom window.
This, Tao says a number of times during the tour, is a sticking point – the idea of people who are not privileged, not wealthy, living with this harbour view. Standing in Myra’s living room, looking out at the clouds moving across the sky and their reflection in the steel-grey water, it is indeed beautiful. No one could deny it, and anyone living with such a scene as part of their daily lives is lucky. But luck and beauty should not be the exclusive province of the wealthy. A city where money and privilege dominates pales even the most glorious view. From its inception the Sirius has been symbolic of the city and the harbour being available to all, and it is even more so now as the majority of its apartments lie empty, and the fight to save it continues.
Follow the Save Our Sirius campaign here with links to details of future tours and campaign events.


text:
By all accounts, Daytona Beach is a 5-star meeting experience. So how do you improve upon excellence? By investing nearly $2 billion in renovations and construction – from new hotels and renovations to attractions and eateries. Named a 2017 Top 25 Destination for Smaller Meetings by BizBash, Daytona Beach has up to 60,000 square feet of meeting space in hotels, on and off the beach, over 120,000 square feet of flexible meeting space at Daytona International Speedway and over 12,000 guest rooms at a variety of quality hotels and resorts, this evolving destination is perfect for your next gathering.
The area's extensive convention facilities provide meeting professionals with a variety of options. From the state-of-the art Ocean Center convention complex to unique venues that are sure to make your meeting more memorable. And with our growing inventory of quality hotels and resorts, this ever-evolving destination is perfect for your next gathering.
Your go-to team of professionals can facilitate the details of your next program in the Daytona Beach area from site inspections to on-site registration assistance, group dining and event planning. Interested in other venues? Check out these flexible and creative spaces!

industry_corpus2: Travel & Geography


text:
Palibex invested in a large central warehouse in Madrid with more than 5,000 square metres of storage space and 50 loading docks. The company started to analyse the market in order to find the forklift truck models best suited to their night-time operations, which require high levels of productivity and speed so that the company can provide its express 24-hour distribution services. This meant the fleet had to be sized very carefully, because they were already planning to add more vehicles in the short term in order to keep up with the steady growth of their business activities and network of franchisees. When the company was first established three years ago, they were moving 450 pallets a night for 23 companies. Now they manage 2,500 pallets at 52 sites across Spain, employing over 600 workers and operating a fleet of more than 500 goods vehicles.
Palibex chose the WT platform pallet truck with its robust steel covers and advanced suspension system and the SC electric forklift, which includes an intelligent Intrinsic Stability System that provides a proactive approach to stability and control. Both models were most suitable for the Palibex rear-loading approach while also being tough, stable and at the same time ergonomic and highly manoeuvrable.
The collaborative relationship between the two companies facilitated the whole process of adapting the new machines to Palibex’s facilities and operational processes. The company appreciates the agility and manoeuvrability of the new trucks, as well as their ergonomics, strength, extended runtime, durability and reliability. With addition of Crown’s InfoLink® fleet management system, Palibex is also able to monitor impacts and identify potential safety and productivity improvements.
> Greater operational flexibility and improved worker productivity through the use of sturdy, ergonomic and reliable vehicles that are also more agile in the company’s confined working conditions.
> Cost savings thanks to the incorporation of Crown’s Infolink® fleet management system, which facilitates rapid operational decision-making based on financial considerations and improved service.
> Optimised fleet based on new models with higher battery capacity and Crown’s lateral battery transfer system, capable of keeping up with the steady growth of Palibex’s activities.

industry_corpus2: Transportation


text:
KUMITATI, PLEJERS U DELETTANTI TAL-BOCCI. NHAR IT-TNEJN 12 TA' MARZU, SEJRIN NAGHTU BIEDU TA' DAN ISTAGUN TAL-BOCCI, BIL-KOMPETIZZJONI DIK TA' INDIVIDWALI FEJN IR-REBBIEH JIGI ID-DIKJARAT IC-CHAMPION TA' MALTA 2018.
BIEX KULL HADD IKUN JAF IL-HIN TAL-LOGHOB MIN DIN IS-SENA SEJER IKUN FIS-6.30 P.M., INHEGGEG LIL KLABBS KOLLHA LI JEKK GHADHOM MA GABRUX I.D.CARDS TAGHHOM GHANDOM JASLU WASLA SAL-FEDERAZZJONI.
IL-KOMPETIZZJONI TAN-KNOCK OUT 2x2 SEJRIN JIBDEW NHAR IL-GIMGHA 16 TA' MARZU. IL-KOMPETIZZJONI TA' 3x3 DIK MAGHRUFA TA' L-ANGLU SEJJRA TIBDA IL-HAMIS 12 T'APRIL,2018. DAN IL-LOGHOB KOLLU LI JERJER JIBDA HUWA L-EWWEL ROUND PRELIMINARI, BIEX JIGU MA L-AHHAR 64. TA' 3x3 UKOLL IR-ROUND PRELIMINARI.
RIGWARD IL-LEAGUE NAZZJONALI TAL-BOCCI TAL-PREMIER SEJER JIBDA NHAR IT-TLIETA 3 T'APRIL, TAT-TIENI U IT-TIELET JITKOMPLA L-ERBGHA 4 T'APRIL.
IR-RESERVE LEAGUE IKOMPLI KULL NHAR TA' GIMGHA.
MIT-TENI DIVIZJONI IL-KLABBS TAL-GZIRA, ISLA U THALASSALEJN.
MIT-TIELET DIVIZJONI COSPICUA RANGERS, M'SKLA, QRENDI, SAN GWANN U VALLETTA ST.PAUL'S.

industry_corpus2: Sports


text:
Colleen Rothschild Beauty is a new brand on the scene, though Colleen herself has been in the industry for years. With her brand she wanted to answer two basic questions: (1) “How do I get the best results with the least amount of time and effort?” (2) “Who do I trust to tell me what I need and what I don’t?” What she has done is combined time-proven ingredients with edgy formulations in an effort to give you everything you need and nothing you don’t.
I actually really love the whole aesthetic of the brand! The color scheme all the way down to how the clean lines speak to brand’s wholesomeness; effective and no fluff. Simple and good, just like the products.
The Discovery Collection is a 7 piece kit that is a perfect introduction to the brand. The products included are the must-haves from the brand and they are all nestled into a nice, travel-ready bag.
Those must-haves are the Radiant Cleansing Balm (1 fl oz), 1 Muslim Cleansing Cloth, Dual Enzyme Polish (0.5 fl oz), Clarifying Detox Mask (0.5 fl oz), Sheer Renewal Cream (1 fl oz), Extreme Recovery Cream (1 fl oz), and Face Oil No9 (0.14 fl oz).
The luxurious Face Oil No 9 combines nine different oils that provide a boost of moisture, nourish, and leaves skin beautiful and radiant. I use oils to moisturize my face but sparingly. A little dab will do ya! The glow this gives is so natural and it leaves the skin feeling glorious.
The Sheer Renewal Cream is an oil-free moisturizer that promotes cell-turnover that helps minimize lines and wrinkles. The thing that I find most interesting about this moisturizer is that it leaves a powder finish! Very different and quite pleasant!
If your skin is really dehydrated than the Extreme Recovery Cream is the one for you. It provides maximum moisture and strengthens the hydro-lipid barrier. It also fights signs of lines and wrinkles and evens out your skin tone and texture.
The Clarifying Detox Mask is one of the best things in the entire collection for me. I love masks an this one is amazing. It uses charcoal to draw the impurities like dirt and and other debris to leave your complexion balanced.
Another favorite product of mine is the Radiant Cleansing Balm. It dissolves eye and face makeup much like a cleansing oil except it has the moisturizing property that only a balm would. It clears pores and removes impurities. Each balm is sold with a Muslin Cloth which helps gently exfoliate away the dullness and uncover your skin’s brilliance!
The final product in the kit is the Dual Enzyme Polish. This exfoliator uses microspheres to slough away older skin from the surface and fruit enzymes and an AHA cocktail to give a deeper exfoliation. So chemical and physical exfoliation will leave you with a well polished face!
These products are only tipping the iceberg with the brand. I was browsing through other products on the website and saw many more things I would absolutely love to try! Colleen Rothschild Beauty is making waves in the skincare industry and I am thrilled. The Discovery Collection ($95) is amazing and I recommend it for all skin types! Again, the simplicity of the brand is what makes it so perfect.
*Products provided for editorial consideration. All opinions are my own and links are for convenience only.

industry_corpus2: Biopharmaceuticals


text:
For starters, let me explain why this particular job listing clearly isn’t a fit for me. I went to the listing and looked up some of the key requirements for the role.
Technically yes, I absolutely have those requirements. But even ignoring my current role, my last job was leading revenue operations for what is now a $1B media company. I think even the employer in question would say that I’m not the candidate they’re looking for. Is the data scraped from my profile not clear?
There are a number of articles and research studies out there that talk about how women believe they must have 90% or more of the qualifications to confidently apply to a job whereas men generally start applying at 60%. Working on that.
If that’s a true statement, then might it also be true that when women write their LinkedIn profiles, they only list skills and areas of expertise where they are 100% proficient. Whereas men might be listing skills that are more of a stretch?
Am I (and other women) writing my profile in a way that diminishes my actual value? And by doing that limiting my opportunity?
I’d love some research facility to answer THAT question. Because as much as women are working on being more confident and going for the “stretch” job, if we’re holding ourselves back before the conversation starts then we need to fix that too.
Really? Isn’t one of the first rules of marketing — for this is what you’re doing — is to understand your audience? In this case both the company and LinkedIn seem to be doing a pretty bad job.
For both parties, this seems like a massive missed opportunity. We might not be someone you’re looking to hire today. But we’re probably someone you want to know. Similar to how advertisers will pay higher CPMs for more targeted advertising, is there a product that connects the expensive executive in a more meaningful way?
My guess, the answer to my question is it’s a bit of both of us.

industry_corpus2: Computing & Telecommunications


text:
One of the distinctive features of SQLite is that a database consists of a single disk file. This simplifies the use of SQLite since moving or backing up a database is a simple as copying a single file. It also makes SQLite appropriate for use as an application file format. But while a complete database is held in a single disk file, SQLite does make use of many temporary files during the course of processing a database.
This article describes the various temporary files that SQLite creates and uses. It describes when the files are created, when they are deleted, what they are used for, why they are important, and how to avoid them on systems where creating temporary files is expensive.
The manner in which SQLite uses temporary files is not considered part of the contract that SQLite makes with applications. The information in this document is a correct description of how SQLite operates at the time that this document was written or last updated. But there is no guarantee that future versions of SQLite will use temporary files in the same way. New kinds of temporary files might be employed and some of the current temporary file uses might be discontinued in future releases of SQLite.
Additional information about each of these temporary file types is in the sequel.
A rollback journal is a temporary file used to implement atomic commit and rollback capabilities in SQLite. (For a detailed discussion of how this works, see the separate document titled Atomic Commit In SQLite.) The rollback journal is always located in the same directory as the database file and has the same name as the database file except with the 8 characters "-journal" appended. The rollback journal is usually created when a transaction is first started and is usually deleted when a transaction commits or rolls back. The rollback journal file is essential for implementing the atomic commit and rollback capabilities of SQLite. Without a rollback journal, SQLite would be unable to rollback an incomplete transaction, and if a crash or power loss occurred in the middle of a transaction the entire database would likely go corrupt without a rollback journal.
The rollback journal is usually created and destroyed at the start and end of a transaction, respectively. But there are exceptions to this rule.
If a crash or power loss occurs in the middle of a transaction, then the rollback journal file is left on disk. The next time another application attempts to open the database file, it notices the presence of the abandoned rollback journal (we call it a "hot journal" in this circumstance) and uses the information in the journal to restore the database to its state prior to the start of the incomplete transaction. This is how SQLite implements atomic commit.
SQLite creates a new rollback journal at the start of the first transaction within an exclusive locking mode session. But at the conclusion of the transaction, it does not delete the rollback journal. The rollback journal might be truncated, or its header might be zeroed (depending on what version of SQLite you are using) but the rollback journal is not deleted. The rollback journal is not deleted until exclusive access mode is exited.
Rollback journal creation and deletion is also changed by the journal_mode pragma. The default journaling mode is DELETE, which is the default behavior of deleting the rollback journal file at the end of each transaction, as described above. The PERSIST journal mode foregoes the deletion of the journal file and instead overwrites the rollback journal header with zeros, which prevents other processes from rolling back the journal and thus has the same effect as deleting the journal file, though without the expense of actually removing the file from disk. In other words, journal mode PERSIST exhibits the same behavior as is seen in EXCLUSIVE locking mode. The OFF journal mode causes SQLite to omit the rollback journal, completely. In other words, no rollback journal is ever written if journal mode is set to OFF. The OFF journal mode disables the atomic commit and rollback capabilities of SQLite. The ROLLBACK command is not available when OFF journal mode is set. And if a crash or power loss occurs in the middle of a transaction that uses the OFF journal mode, no recovery is possible and the database file will likely go corrupt. The MEMORY journal mode causes the rollback journal to be stored in memory rather than on disk. The ROLLBACK command still works when the journal mode is MEMORY, but because no file exists on disks for recovery, a crash or power loss in the middle of a transaction that uses the MEMORY journal mode will likely result in a corrupt database.
A write-ahead log or WAL file is used in place of a rollback journal when SQLite is operating in WAL mode. As with the rollback journal, the purpose of the WAL file is to implement atomic commit and rollback. The WAL file is always located in the same directory as the database file and has the same name as the database file except with the 4 characters "-wal" appended. The WAL file is created when the first connection to the database is opened and is normally removed when the last connection to the database closes. However, if the last connection does not shutdown cleanly, the WAL file will remain in the filesystem and will be automatically cleaned up the next time the database is opened.
When operating in WAL mode, all SQLite database connections associated with the same database file need to share some memory that is used as an index for the WAL file. In most implementations, this shared memory is implemented by calling mmap() on a file created for this sole purpose: the shared-memory file. The shared-memory file, if it exists, is located in the same directory as the database file and has the same name as the database file except with the 4 characters "-shm" appended. Shared memory files only exist while running in WAL mode.
The shared-memory file contains no persistent content. The only purpose of the shared-memory file is to provide a block of shared memory for use by multiple processes all accessing the same database in WAL mode. If the VFS is able to provide an alternative method for accessing shared memory, then that alternative method might be used rather than the shared-memory file. For example, if PRAGMA locking_mode is set to EXCLUSIVE (meaning that only one process is able to access the database file) then the shared memory will be allocated from heap rather than out of the shared-memory file, and the shared-memory file will never be created.
The shared-memory file has the same lifetime as its associated WAL file. The shared-memory file is created when the WAL file is created and is deleted when the WAL file is deleted. During WAL file recovery, the shared memory file is recreated from scratch based on the contents of the WAL file being recovered.
The master journal file is used as part of the atomic commit process when a single transaction makes changes to multiple databases that have been added to a single database connection using the ATTACH statement. The master journal file is always located in the same directory as the main database file (the main database file is the database that is identified in the original sqlite3_open(), sqlite3_open16(), or sqlite3_open_v2() call that created the database connection) with a randomized suffix. The master journal file contains the names of all of the various attached auxiliary databases that were changed during the transaction. The multi-database transaction commits when the master journal file is deleted. See the documentation titled Atomic Commit In SQLite for additional detail.
Without the master journal, the transaction commit on a multi-database transaction would be atomic for each database individually, but it would not be atomic across all databases. In other words, if the commit were interrupted in the middle by a crash or power loss, then the changes to one of the databases might complete while the changes to another database might roll back. The master journal causes all changes in all databases to either rollback or commit together.
This means that SQLite transactions are not atomic across multiple database files on a power-loss when the database files have synchronous turned off or when they are using journal modes of OFF, MEMORY, or WAL. For synchronous OFF and for journal_modes OFF and MEMORY, database will usually corrupt if a transaction commit is interrupted by a power loss. For WAL mode, individual database files are updated atomically across a power-loss, but in the case of a multi-file transactions, some files might rollback while others roll forward after power is restored.
A statement journal file is used to rollback partial results of a single statement within a larger transaction. For example, suppose an UPDATE statement will attempt to modify 100 rows in the database. But after modifying the first 50 rows, the UPDATE hits a constraint violation which should block the entire statement. The statement journal is used to undo the first 50 row changes so that the database is restored to the state it was in at the start of the statement.
The statement journal is given a randomized name, not necessarily in the same directory as the main database, and is automatically deleted at the conclusion of the transaction. The size of the statement journal is proportional to the size of the change implemented by the UPDATE or INSERT statement that caused the statement journal to be created.
Tables created using the "CREATE TEMP TABLE" syntax are only visible to the database connection in which the "CREATE TEMP TABLE" statement is originally evaluated. These TEMP tables, together with any associated indices, triggers, and views, are collectively stored in a separate temporary database file that is created as soon as the first "CREATE TEMP TABLE" statement is seen. This separate temporary database file also has an associated rollback journal. The temporary database file used to store TEMP tables is deleted automatically when the database connection is closed using sqlite3_close().
The TEMP database file is very similar to auxiliary database files added using the ATTACH statement, though with a few special properties. The TEMP database is always automatically deleted when the database connection is closed. The TEMP database always uses the synchronous=OFF and journal_mode=PERSIST PRAGMA settings. And, the TEMP database cannot be used with DETACH nor can another process ATTACH the TEMP database.
The temporary files associated with the TEMP database and its rollback journal are only created if the application makes use of the "CREATE TEMP TABLE" statement.
Queries that contain subqueries must sometime evaluate the subqueries separately and store the results in a temporary table, then use the content of the temporary table to evaluate the outer query. We call this "materializing" the subquery. The query optimizer in SQLite attempts to avoid materializing, but sometimes it is not easily avoidable. The temporary tables created by materialization are each stored in their own separate temporary file, which is automatically deleted at the conclusion of the query. The size of these temporary tables depends on the amount of data in the materialization of the subquery, of course.
In the query above, the subquery "SELECT b FROM ex2" is evaluated and its results are stored in a temporary table (actually a temporary index) that allows one to determine whether or not a value ex2.b exists using a simple binary search. Once this table is constructed, the outer query is run and for each prospective result row a check is made to see if ex1.a is contained within the temporary table. The row is output only if the check is true.
Recent versions of SQLite (version 3.5.4 2007-12-14) and later) will do this rewrite automatically if an index exists on the column ex2.b.
A temporary index is always used to hold the values of the right-hand side of an IN operator when that right-hand side is a list of values.
More complex queries may or may not be able to employ query flattening to avoid the temporary table. Whether or not the query can be flattened depends on such factors as whether or not the subquery or outer query contain aggregate functions, ORDER BY or GROUP BY clauses, LIMIT clauses, and so forth. The rules for when a query can and cannot be flattened are very complex and are beyond the scope of this document.
Each transient index is stored in its own temporary file. The temporary file for a transient index is automatically deleted at the end of the statement that uses it.
SQLite strives to implement ORDER BY clauses using a preexisting index. If an appropriate index already exists, SQLite will walk the index, rather than the underlying table, to extract the requested information, and thus cause the rows to come out in the desired order. But if SQLite cannot find an appropriate index it will evaluate the query and store each row in a transient index whose data is the row data and whose key is the ORDER BY terms. After the query is evaluated, SQLite goes back and walks the transient index from beginning to end in order to output the rows in the desired order.
SQLite implements GROUP BY by ordering the output rows in the order suggested by the GROUP BY terms. Each output row is compared to the previous to see if it starts a new "group". The ordering by GROUP BY terms is done in exactly the same way as the ordering by ORDER BY terms. A preexisting index is used if possible, but if no suitable index is available, a transient index is created.
The DISTINCT keyword on an aggregate query is implemented by creating a transient index in a temporary file and storing each result row in that index. As new result rows are computed a check is made to see if they already exist in the transient index and if they do the new result row is discarded.
The UNION operator for compound queries is implemented by creating a transient index in a temporary file and storing the results of the left and right subquery in the transient index, discarding duplicates. After both subqueries have been evaluated, the transient index is walked from beginning to end to generate the final output.
The EXCEPT operator for compound queries is implemented by creating a transient index in a temporary file, storing the results of the left subquery in this transient index, then removing the result from right subquery from the transient index, and finally walking the index from beginning to end to obtain the final output.
The INTERSECT operator for compound queries is implemented by creating two separate transient indices, each in a separate temporary file. The left and right subqueries are evaluated each into a separate transient index. Then the two indices are walked together and entries that appear in both indices are output.
The VACUUM command works by creating a temporary file and then rebuilding the entire database into that temporary file. Then the content of the temporary file is copied back into the original database file and the temporary file is deleted.
The temporary file created by the VACUUM command exists only for the duration of the command itself. The size of the temporary file will be no larger than the original database.
The temporary files associated with transaction control, namely the rollback journal, master journal, write-ahead log (WAL) files, and shared-memory files, are always written to disk. But the other kinds of temporary files might be stored in memory only and never written to disk. Whether or not temporary files other than the rollback, master, and statement journals are written to disk or stored only in memory depends on the SQLITE_TEMP_STORE compile-time parameter, the temp_store pragma, and on the size of the temporary file.
Temporary files are always stored on disk regardless of the setting of the temp_store pragma.
Temporary files are stored on disk by default but this can be overridden by the temp_store pragma.
Temporary files are stored in memory by default but this can be overridden by the temp_store pragma.
Temporary files are always stored in memory regardless of the setting of the temp_store pragma.
The default value of the SQLITE_TEMP_STORE compile-time parameter is 1, which means to store temporary files on disk but provide the option of overriding the behavior using the temp_store pragma.
Use either disk or memory storage for temporary files as determined by the SQLITE_TEMP_STORE compile-time parameter.
If the SQLITE_TEMP_STORE compile-time parameter specifies memory storage for temporary files, then override that decision and use disk storage instead. Otherwise follow the recommendation of the SQLITE_TEMP_STORE compile-time parameter.
If the SQLITE_TEMP_STORE compile-time parameter specifies disk storage for temporary files, then override that decision and use memory storage instead. Otherwise follow the recommendation of the SQLITE_TEMP_STORE compile-time parameter.
The default setting for the temp_store pragma is 0, which means to following the recommendation of SQLITE_TEMP_STORE compile-time parameter.
To reiterate, the SQLITE_TEMP_STORE compile-time parameter and the temp_store pragma only influence the temporary files other than the rollback journal and the master journal. The rollback journal and the master journal are always written to disk regardless of the settings of the SQLITE_TEMP_STORE compile-time parameter and the temp_store pragma.
SQLite uses a page cache of recently read and written database pages. This page cache is used not just for the main database file but also for transient indices and tables stored in temporary files. If SQLite needs to use a temporary index or table and the SQLITE_TEMP_STORE compile-time parameter and the temp_store pragma are set to store temporary tables and index on disk, the information is still initially stored in memory in the page cache. The temporary file is not opened and the information is not truly written to disk until the page cache is full.
This means that for many common cases where the temporary tables and indices are small (small enough to fit into the page cache) no temporary files are created and no disk I/O occurs. Only when the temporary data becomes too large to fit in RAM does the information spill to disk.
Each temporary table and index is given its own page cache which can store a maximum number of database pages determined by the SQLITE_DEFAULT_TEMP_CACHE_SIZE compile-time parameter. (The default value is 500 pages.) The maximum number of database pages in the page cache is the same for every temporary table and index. The value cannot be changed at run-time or on a per-table or per-index basis. Each temporary file gets its own private page cache with its own SQLITE_DEFAULT_TEMP_CACHE_SIZE page limit.
The directory or folder in which temporary files are created is determined by the OS-specific VFS.
The first of the above that is found to exist and have the write and execute bits set is used. The final "." fallback is important for some applications that use SQLite inside of chroot jails that do not have the standard temporary file locations available.
The folder returned by the GetTempPath() system interface.
SQLite itself does not pay any attention to environment variables in this case, though presumably the GetTempPath() system call does. The search algorithm is different for CYGWIN builds. Check the source code for details.


text: PMC ammunition is a quality, affordable option for shooters who want to put rounds down range. PMC also offers a small selection of quality primed brass for reloading. See our selection of PMC Ammo and Brass below.

industry_corpus2: Others


text:
Today we will talk about side curls hairstyles for wedding.
side curls hairstyles for wedding for girls is, perhaps, one of the most important and difficult questions in terms of choice and to this issue the girls approach very seriously and responsibly.
Many girls (brides) give preference to side curls hairstyles for wedding from loose hair. This option is a win-win and perfectly suits almost everyone. Hair can be wound into locks of different sizes, or staple one strand and decorate with a veil and flowers.
An indispensable accessory in creating an impeccable side curls hairstyles for wedding is the hair ornament. Thanks to them, you can securely fix even the most complex hairstyle and also give your hair an attractive look. On the day of the wedding, every detail in the image of the bride must be carefully thought out and verified. Therefore, it is necessary to treat the choice of jewelry as responsibly as possible. Ornaments should correspond to the general image of the bride. Many today refuse from the veil and choose side curls hairstyles for wedding with ribbons.
Hairstyle is an element that allows you to make the image of the bride beautiful, happy and gentle. Lay the hair and pass it all through the hairstyle task of the masters. Professional master will help to create an original side curls hairstyles for wedding, which is ideal for a dress, will keep its shape to the end, will be unforgettable and unique. There is no universal hairstyle template for such an obligatory attribute of the bride.


text:
28mm (1/56) scale Leviathan accessory weapon arm was designed to be used with the fast swap arm option for both the Leviathan Crusader and Leviathan Mortis and all other variants that share the same chassis.
The Ripper Saw although not very effective against modern armor, but cuts through hardened concrete with an unsettling ease. This anti structure weapon was designed to bring down buildings or bunkers with a single swipe.


text:
WSA Woven Textiles alumni Hannah Robson has just graduated from the Royal College of Art where she developed beautiful sculptural forms using a variety of textiles construction techniques.
Congratulations Hannah and best of luck for the future.
This entry was posted in Textiles and tagged Alumni, Royal College of Art, Winchester School of Art, woven textiles by Caitlin Hinshelwood. Bookmark the permalink.


text:
Support for htpasswd command. Requires the apache2-utils package for Debian-based distros.
The functions here will load inside the webutil module. This allows other functions that don't use htpasswd to use the webutil module name.
Add a user to htpasswd file using the htpasswd command. If the htpasswd file does not exist, it will be created.
n Don't update file; display results on stdout.
m Force MD5 encryption of the password (default).
d Force CRYPT encryption of the password.
p Do not encrypt the password (plaintext).
s Force SHA encryption of the password.
Delete a user from the specified htpasswd file.
Return True if the htpasswd file exists, the user has an entry, and their password matches.


text:
The Atlantic Sharks took sixth place at the 16-team Crescent Bank Holiday Invitational last week in Myrtle Beach, S.C.
Ronni Williams was named to the all-tournament team after averaging 17.5 points, nine rebounds and 2.5 blocks per contest, and the Sharks received the team sportsmanship award.
After beating Fayette County (Ga.) 70-48 in the first round, the Sharks (9-3) lost to Archbishop Carroll, the Pennsylvania AAAA state runner-up last season, 60-33 to drop into the consolation bracket.
The Sharks beat Center Point, Alabama's No. 1 team in Class 5A going into the tournament, 44-43, on a Williams 3-pointer that banked in at the buzzer. That put the Sharks in the fifth-place game, where they fell to Dutch Fork, a South Carolina Class AAAA state semifinalist last season, 55-43.
This week they're hosting the Sunshine Classic.
- Father Lopez won the Melbourne Central Catholic Tournament last week with a 53-42 win over the hosts Dec. 21 in the championship game.
Shannon Cranshaw had 22 points in the Green Wave's 61-44 win over Boca Ciega in the semifinals, then had 24 points in the final.
She wasn't done, however, continuing her scoring prowess in this week's Lopez Holiday Tournament, adding 34 points in a 75-13 win over Keystone Heights on Tuesday.
- Calvary Christian's Abigail Clark averaged 13 points and 14 rebounds per game last week to lead the Lions to a runner-up finish at their own Christmas tournament. She was named to the all-tournament team along with teammate CeCe Banks.
Flagler Palm Coast advanced its record to 18-0-2 last week with three more wins -- 8-0 over Alachua Santa Fe to win the Gainesville Buchholz Bobcat Invitational, 4-1 over Lake City Columbia and 1-0 over Gainesville Buchholz.
Keeper Haley Lademann snapped the school record with her 16th shutout of the season and has a whopping 0.15 goals against average. Miranda Campbell had five goals and four assists to give her a team-best 61 points on the season (23 goals, 15 assists). Christen Barney had six goals to give her 55 points (23 goals, nine assists).


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The ever-changing, complex tax law can leave businesses frustrated and like they are chasing a moving target. Not only can it be time consuming, but if not appropriately managed, the tax compliance burden can affect cashflow and your bottom-line.
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In addition we have the appropriate competencies and skills to ensure the most tax-effective structures for start-ups as well as various transactions such as buybacks, corporate restructures and succession planning.

industry_corpus2: Finance & Economics


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Sticky wicket: Is local cricket under threat in Doncaster and does it need to adapt to survive?
It’s that time of year again when club cricketers up and down the land are dusting down their whites, digging out their gear and considering investing in a new block of willow.
But, worryingly, it appears that fewer players are now doing just that in Doncaster.
It’s not just Doncaster, of course. And it’s not just cricket.
At a time when people generally have less time, less disposable income and more distractions, every sport is fighting its own battle when it comes to junior and senior participation levels.
But with several local clubs having folded over the last 20 years*, and others amalgamating, the picture in Doncaster is a concerning one.
Ahead of the new season, which starts later this month, the Free Press spoke to a group of players and officials and asked them if local cricket in Doncaster is at risk of dying out and what can be done to ensure its survival?
It is hard to pinpoint exactly why cricket clubs are dying out but we are in danger of losing a sport that is so important to the town and the county.
Some people believe that playing anything more than 40 overs a side is too long for younger people who have been seduced by the short formats.
Some say the encroachment of football, which is now almost a year round sport, has not helped.
Others argue that there has been little or no investment in the sport.
I think it is down to a blend of all of those reasons.
I feel that there has been a gradual erosion of the village identity in the sport. People now live in one area of the town but play cricket miles away for another.
I also think that the people of Doncaster no longer feel a connection to their village clubs.
There is a disconnect, either because the clubs have not reached out to them, the players no longer come from the area, or they do not have anyone willing to run junior teams.
Hatfield Town, for instance, put out two teams on a weekend last season and only seven of the 22 players actually lived in the village.
Some clubs have loads of juniors and then can’t raise two teams on a weekend.
I would introduce a Doncaster village league on a Sunday to try and preserve the game.
With a bit of hard work from the clubs to advertise games and get people to come down and support them, I feel that Sunday cricket could be a real growth area.
I would have a rule that players need to come from a catchment area or must have played for the club for five years. You could have a group stage and then the knockout rounds.
It would be a showcase for club legends and some of the larger than life characters that still play the game.
Gary Strephan, who plays for Conisbrough, is a classic example. People almost lick their lips in anticipation when he walks out to the crease.
A lot of clubs have gone down the route of paying players and it’s not sustainable.
At Conisbrough we did it for a season and then decided not to do it, apart from the overseas professional which is covered by sponsorship.
It’s got to be manageable and you’ve got to get the youth involved, so we go into the local schools over the summer and try and encourage the youngsters to play.
It’s not as common now for young people to get out and play sport as much as we did in my era. When I was growing up it was just natural to play football in the football season and cricket in the cricket season.
Nowadays you’ve got to engage with the kids and I don’t think many clubs have done that. So when clubs lose a few senior players and they don’t have the juniors, that’s when they end up folding.
There’s the All-Stars cricket (aimed at children aged 5-8) now which is big and clubs have got to embrace that.
The other thing is that you’re losing a generation of volunteers who used to live and breathe cricket for the club. There’s not the community spirit there once was.
We’re lucky at Conisbrough because we’ve got a lot of people who haven’t played cricket for a long time who still do a lot for the club.
If you’re not recycling people to do that, that’s another downfall.
In terms of making changes, leagues are now giving captains the opportunity to reduce the number of overs and I think that is a way forward.
The fact that the game takes up all day does put juniors off.
Whether I’d want to go T20 in the league, I’m not sure. I’m a purist. I’d maybe look at 40 overs a side.
As a league we have tried several initiatives to halt the decline.
We’ve tried regionalizing teams to reduce travel but this wasn’t popular with clubs because it produced a large spread of ability within a division.
We’ve reduced the number of overs in a match, brought forward start times, reduced the cost of playing and introduced T20 cup competitions.
We’ve allowed the loan of senior and junior players from other teams and leagues.
We’ve also encouraged clubs to consider amalgamating with another club if they are struggling.
Unfortunately this is mostly without much success but we will keep trying to innovate.
It seems that it is a national problem and not solely restricted to cricket. Rugby union, for example, is facing the same downturn in participation.
Across the South Yorkshire Senior Cricket League we’re in a fairly healthy position but it is a constant challenge to attract players, committee members, umpires, scorers and sponsors to ensure clubs can be run efficiently and games can be played.
Harworth struggled for players last year and folded in January this year. They’d also moved from Harworth to Wadworth in 2018 because of problems with ground maintenance by the local council, which no doubt contributed.
We are keen to support the growth and development of clubs around the Doncaster region, with levels suiting all forms of the game.
Not all clubs are dropping teams; Rockingham and Sprotbrough have both added 3rd XIs and Barnsley have added a 5th XI.
On the whole our picture is fairly positive and we’re working hard with our clubs to provide regular training courses that give people the skills to be proficient umpires, scorers or junior officials.
The Evening League is a dying thing which is a shame because over the years it’s helped produce a lot of youngsters.
We’re down to eight teams now. People don’t want to play midweek. They are busy with other things in life.
If you look at the club game more generally the standard of play has definitely dropped, which is ironic because the coaching nowadays is better.
I’m a traditionalist so I’d be reluctant to play T20 on a Saturday afternoon.
What clubs do need is good people who are willing to spend time with the youngsters, sell the sport to them and encourage them to continue playing.
Tickhill have a thriving social scene and will join Doncaster Town in this season's ECB Yorkshire South Premier League - the top division in the county pyramid system.
Conisbrough will be competitive again in the South Yorkshire League Championship, along with Sprotbrough who have been promoted three times in five seasons.
Likewise, in the Pontefract League, Brodsworth Main won back-to-back promotions to reach the top flight, where they line up alongside Askern Welfare.


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Create, edit and delete contacts with a comprehensive list of details. Share these details with all persons you collaborate with via Confluence.
Mention contacts on Confluence pages by using the #-sign (similar to the @-mention functionality).
See, where a contact has been mentioned. Thus follow the contacts regarding all their touch points with your company.
Custom Fields: create as many custom fields as you need to store the data for your contacts in a structured way.
Customizable appearance of mentions: specify how a mentioned contact will be displayed on your pages. Add e.g. the company name. So, anyone will have this information at a glance.
CSV Export: export the contacts you entered into a CSV file. Now, you can use them for mailings or other purposes.
Display options for anonymous users: you can specify, how much details of your contacts will be given to anonymous users.
And of cause…. some minor improvements for the usability.
This entry was posted in Release Notes on 24. April 2016 by Philipp Eckelmann.
This entry was posted in Release Notes on 31. January 2016 by Philipp Eckelmann.
This entry was posted in Release Notes on 22. January 2016 by Philipp Eckelmann.
This entry was posted in Release Notes on 15. January 2016 by Philipp Eckelmann.
This entry was posted in Release Notes on 22. December 2015 by Philipp Eckelmann.


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Lowers Forensics International (LFI), a leading firm in the forensic accounting and litigation support industry, is pleased to announce the official opening of its Chicago office. As a division of Lowers Risk Group, one of the fastest growing privately held companies in the United States, a provider of comprehensive enterprise risk management solutions, LFI brings nearly 50 years of expertise in forensic accounting, litigation support, insurance claim accounting, and financial investigation services to support organizations worldwide.
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For more information on Lowers Risk Group, visit lowersriskgroup.com.

industry_corpus2: Law & Justice


text: The KX-DT300 series phones can adapt quickly to your individual requirements. The KX-DT343B and KX-DT346B phones support the 12 and 60 button expansion modules. And with the KX-DT301B USB module, you can easily connect your phone to your PC and use the many advantages of Computer telephony integration (CTI).


text: Completing your look for the summer will be a lot easier when you have shorts like these in your collection. The acid wash finish to the jeans will give you the classic look that is ready to get out and about this summer. You’re going to love the thin back pockets, because they are still functional even after the cutoff in the base. Frill cut in the base provides you with a super casual look that you’re going to love showing off to everyone. Cheeky cut to the base of the jeans will remind you of your favorite underwear and will provide you with the opportunity to show off your assets. High hip style of jeans looks best when worn with your favorite midriff cut shirts to assure you that the shorts will be seen and you’re going to enjoy the current fashions. Staying cool this summer just got a lot more fun!


text:
Senators John McCain and Joe Lieberman’s recent visit to Malaysia did more harm than good.
According to local media reports, Senators John McCain and Joe Lieberman, who came visiting recently, expressed their admiration for Malaysia’s democratic model and even went so far as to suggest that it might serve as a template for other Muslim countries.
There was only the barest hint of reservation during their press conference when they made vague and passing references to foreign election observers and further democratic reforms.
It may well be that they raised democracy and human rights issues with Prime Minister Najib Tun Razak and Foreign Minister Anifah Aman when they met in private but it is their public positions that are disturbing.
First, though they must surely have learned from their meetings with the Leader of the Opposition and other civil society groups about the real and serious challenges to democracy in Malaysia, they chose not to reference these issues in their public comments. Their silence concerning the deeply flawed electoral system, restrictions on the media, and on public gatherings and the absence of a lot of other democracy essentials is troubling.
Unsurprisingly, the senators’ comments were immediately taken as American endorsement of both the government’s reform agenda and Malaysia’s governance model. Their comments were even absurdly stretched to suggest that Malaysia’s political system might even be superior to that of the United States.
Second, they saw the gleaming towers and shiny limousines and were understandably impressed. There is, after all, much to be impressed about Kuala Lumpur. To them it was probably a vindication of the free enterprise system at whose altar Americans love to blindly worship. Did they, however, also learn about the massive corruption, the system of crony capitalism and the exploitation and abuse of migrant labour that fester beneath the surface? If they had, they might have been more nuanced in their assessment.
Thirdly, their comment that Malaysia could serve as a democratic model for other Muslim countries is both condescending and insulting. Malaysia is, at best, a quasi-democracy. Our democratic space is already diminishing rapidly as a result of increasing limitations on press freedom, free expression and public assembly.
Is this the kind of system that should serve as a template for democracy in other Muslim countries? Are the senators suggesting that this is the best that we are capable of or that the world expects no more from Muslim countries? Why shouldn’t all governments, east or west, secular or religious, developed or developing not be expected to live up to minimum standards of freedom, human rights and good governance?
Whatever the honourable senators might think, they should know that the flawed political system that masquerades as democracy has been found wanting by the people of Malaysia; just ask the tens of thousands of people who thronged Merdeka Square in April.
By endorsing this stunted quasi-democratic model and, indeed, promoting it as an example to the Muslim world, the senators did a great disservice to the struggle for freedom and democracy everywhere.
The problem with all too many American leaders is that they tend to view everything through the prism of their own narrow interests. For so long as foreign rulers toe the American line, buy American weapons and keep their markets open to American businessmen, they can do no wrong.
American leaders get excited about freedom and democracy when it suits them but turn away when it is inconvenient. The principles and the ideals of their own constitution apparently are not heartfelt enough to be incontrovertible always and everywhere.
At the height of the so-called war on terror, for example, US senators and congressmen regularly trooped to Putrajaya to praise the way the Mahathir Administration dealt with suspected Islamic terrorists via the Internal Security Act. One senator even lamented the absence of ISA-like legislation in other Asian countries. The fact that detention without trial is contrary to the most basic principles of justice and that it was used to silence critics was conveniently ignored.
I recall, as well, a meeting with then Secretary of State Colin Powell in mid-2001 at the State Department in Washington, D.C. Much to the chagrin of our foreign minister, Powell began by taking us to task on human rights and anti-Semitism. However, to our minister’s relief, Powell quickly shifted track and then excitedly went on to talk about the sale of the latest American fighter jets to Malaysia. It was immediately clear that he had raised the issue of human rights and anti-Semitism purely for the record, and without conviction.
The silence of Senators McCain and Lieberman concerning our struggle to build a better democracy in Malaysia is hugely disappointing. Worse still, their naive and ill-considered endorsement of Malaysia’s flawed and stunted governance model is a betrayal of the very ideals that America claims to champion across the world.
McCain and Lieberman are like two of the three monkeys who see no evil and hear no evil. By leaving out suggestions for the improvement of governance in Malaysia they do, however, speak evil by omission.

industry_corpus2: Politics & Administration


text:
Star Wars The Last Jedi 3.75" C-3PO Force Link Figure!! *MINT*!!!
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STAR WARS Collectible Masterpiece Edition C-3PO "Tales of the Golden Droid"
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Hasbro Star Wars Episode 1 C-3PO Action Figure CommTech Chip Edition NEW!
C-3PO Removable Limbs Complete Vintage Star Wars ESB Kenner Figure NO REPRO!

industry_corpus2: Film & Entertainment


text:
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There are several advantages of 5-HTP over L-tryptophan. First off, since it is one action better to serotonin, 5-HTP is a lot more efficient than L-tryptophan. 5-HTP is also naturally more secure. Although L-tryptophan is safe if properly prepared as well as free of the pollutants connected to extreme allergy known as eosinophilia myalgia disorder (EMS), L-tryptophan is still generated with the help of bacterial fermentation (a situation that lends itself to contamination). On the other hand, 5-HTP is isolated from an all-natural resource - a seed from an African plant (Griffonia simplicifolia).
Proof that this all-natural resource of 5-HTP does not trigger EMS is provided by researchers that have actually been making use of 5-HTP for over 25 years. They state that EMS has actually never ever shown up in the people of ours that received only unpolluted L-tryptophan or 5-hydroxtryptophan (5-HTP)"(1). Moreover, scientists at the NIH researching the effects 5-HTP for numerous metabolic conditions have actually additionally not observed a solitary case of EMS neither has a case of raised eosinophils been credited to 5-HTP in these researches.
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text: Love it! So 'yummly'! Will definitely make again, and again!


text:
Today’s cars have numerous computer-controlled systems to alert owners when service is required. Sometimes a warning light indicates something that is a simple, quick fix or it may be a more complex problem.
When those warning lights come on in your BMW, Mercedes or Mini Cooper, never depend on just any auto service center. Use only an authorized Bosch service center like EAS to assure you are getting the proper factory diagnostics with equipment and tools that analyze those warning lights.
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industry_corpus2: Automobiles


text:
Kilchoman is a “new” distillery on Islay (2005) which is showing no fear and no weakness in its entrance straight into the big league (its pretty tough sharing your geographic designation with Ardbeg, Bowmore, Bruichladdich, Bunnahabain, Coal Ila, Lagavulin and Laphroaig!). Kilchoman has its own maltings, grows its own barley and has an expression entirely produced at the farm/distillery to show that off. This focus on terroir inevitably shows through in the quality of the distillate and the whisky.
I bought a bottle of their second club release simply because it entered the world on the same day my daughters entered the world – so I won’t be tasting that until 2031. However I did secure a sample of the new 2007 vintage to try at the same time.
Nose – Fresh fruit, peat, fresh cut cherries. A dusty, wooded edge with barley and backed by phenols. Really fruit, fresh peat nose, beautifully done. A university library (un-laminated books, floor cleaner, linoleum, dust and polished wooden book cases).
Body – Fresh apples (without skin), barley, some numbing citrus. Very fresh but structured, no off notes, lovely integration.
Finish – Reasonably long, good peat fire and finish, well balanced. Wood bitterness very well balanced right to the end. Extremely well made, big fan.
What's not good about it: Not quite a blockbuster yet.
What’s good about it: Clean, fresh, fruity, well balanced, refreshing, effortless, beautifully made.
Many thanks to Kilchoman distillery for the sample.


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If your business is part of Alberta's thriving oil and energy industry, you know how important it is to have support companies you can rely on. For more than 40 years, Bohn Pumpjack & Picker Service has provided a range of equipment and services to those who need it.
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industry_corpus2: Petrochemicals