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Discussion in 'RivaTuner Advanced Discussion forum' started by Unwinder, Mar 10, 2008.
AMD HD3850/3870 display adapters use proprietary internal VPU fan controller and unfortunately there is no public datasheet available for it, so in this thread I’ll collect all info about this controller, which I could find out.
Lookup entry 0 .. 7 – lookup for thermal table based automatic fan control mode. Each pair define ASIC temperature threshold and target fan duty cycle for it. The controller must be switched to thermal table mode (PWM mode = 3) to use this lookup table.
PWM mode (0 - 7) - defines fan control mode (fixed, automatic etc). The controller supports 2 different automatic control modes defined by values 2 and 3, it is strongly not recommended to use other PWM modes because they serve for fixed fan speed adjustment and for PWM controller testing modes. PWM mode 2 enables automatic temperature transfer function mode, PWM mode 3 enables automatic thermal table mode.
PWM hysteresis (0 – 63 PWM ticks) - defines hysteresis for resulting duty cycle generated by the fan controller. PWM hysteresis is a part of fan controller’s acoustic management system. Hysteresis effect is used by the controller to get rid of unwanted duty cycle fluctuations and all duty cycle changes within [Duty cycle – PWM hysteresis; Duty cycle + PWM hysteresis] range are filtered by the controller as unwanted noise. In other words, if PWM hysteresis is equal to 10% and duty cycle is currently set to 50%, fan speed will be restricted to change to anything within [50-10=40%; 50+10=60%] range.
PWM ramp on (0 – off, 1 - on) – controls PWM ramp mode. PWM ramp mode is also a part of the fan controller’s acoustic management system. It serves for implementing soft changes of output fan duty cycle for improving acoustic characteristics of cooling syste.
PWM ramp (0 – 255 PWM ticks) defines ramp for duty cycle changes. When PWM ramp mode is enabled and duty cycle needs to be changed (either by temperature table or by transfer function), the controller softly increases/decreases current duty cycle by ramp value instead of directly setting new value. In other words, if duty cycle is currently set to 50%, ramp is enabled and set to 2% and duty cycle must be set to 60% (for example, according to transfer function) then the controller will increase duty cycle by ramp value (i.e. set 52%, then 54% etc until desired duty cycle is reached) per each sampling period.
Duty cycle 100% (0 – 255 PWM ticks) – defines amount of PWM controller’s ticks per each PWM frequency period. All duty cycle related parameters (e.g. Duty cycle min) are internally defined in the controller in PWM ticks, so this value directly affects amount of possible duty cycle gradations (i.e. Duty cycle 100% = 3 means that fan controller is able to set duty cycle to 0 ticks (0/3 = 0%), 1 tick (1/3 = 33,3%), 2 ticks (2/3 = 66.6%) and 3 ticks (3/3 = 100%).
Duty cycle min (0 – 100 %) – defines minimum fan duty cycle for temperature transfer function automatic fan control mode.
Spinup cycle (0 – 100 %) – defines fan duty cycle for fan engine spinup period. Spinup period is required because due to fan engine nature it is impossible to start it on any desired duty cycle. Minimum fan duty cycle allowing the engine to start is called spinup duty cycle. Fan controller always performs fan spinup cycle when it is being started (e.g. when leaving passive mode in automatic fan speed control mode).
Spinup time– defines spinup period length (in internal time units).
T min (0-255 °C) - defines minimum ASIC temperature. When temperature is below this value, the controller stops the fan and system is cooled passively. Please take a note that each ASIC sample has different thermal characteristics and during manufacturing minimum allowed fan PWM output seem to be is fused into each ASIC. In other words, it means that fan controller will ignore all attempts to set duty cycle to value below ASIC's fused minimum. So fans on such display adapters may spin even when automatic fan control circuit is stopping the fan (i.e. when duty cycle is set to 0%) or when duty cycle is manually set to 0%.
T max (0-255 °C) - defines maximum temperature for both automatic modes and fixed mode. When ASIC temperature exceeds this value, fan control circuit is forcibly set to fixed 100% duty cycle.
T slope (0-100 % per °C) – defines temperature slope ratio for temperature transfer function automatic control mode. This value represents desired increase/decrease of duty in percents per 16 °C.
T hysteresis (0-7 °C) – defines temperature hysteresis for T min value. The controller starts the fan when ASIC temperature exceeds T min and stops it when ASIC temperature drops below T min – T hysteresis.
If PWM mode = 3 (i.e. thermal table mode is selected) then target duty cycle is the closest duty cycle from the lookup table (defined by Lookup entry 0 .. 7).
If absolute difference between currently selected and target duty cycle is less than PWM hysteresis, then the controller doesn’t apply any changes to current duty cycle. Otherwise, if PWM ramp on = 1 the controller increases / decreases current duty cycle by PWM ramp value, else the controller explicitly sets target duty cycle.
After doing that, you may experiment with tuning these parameters for your needs.
After doing that you may fill your own desired lookup table then experiment with the rest parameters.
1) Some BIOS images combine T min = 0 and T hysteresis = 4 settings. The controller doesn’t support negative difference between T min and T hysteresis, which results in generating constant Duty cycle = Spinup cycle fan speed. To fix it ensure that T min is greater or equal to T hysteresis or just set T hysteresis to 0.
2) Some BIOS images combine abnormally high PWM hysteresis value (>10%) with abnormally low PWM ramp value (<1%). This makes fan duty cycle adjustment granular and really slowly responsive to the temperature. To fix it decrease PWM hysteresis or just set it to 0.
P.S. All these parameters and formulas apply to RivaTuner v2.08 and higher. RivaTuner v2.07 edits T slope in PWM ticks, so temeprature transfer function looks a bit different with it.
in the look-up table control mode, when the temperature in the range definied by two look-up table entries , the applied duty cycle is computed based on the interpolation of the couples temperature-duti_cycle definied by these look-up entries?
Moreover, if i understand correctly Duty cycle 100% parameter, a Duty cycle 100%=135 means that a duty cycle = 40 % would be represented internally by the controller as 0.4*135=54 pwm ticks and at the same time the minimum duty cycle step variation in percents is 1/135 *100=0.74%, right?
There is no actual interpolation, for lookup table mode target generated duty cycle is always defined by the closest lookup table entry. However, with ramp mode enabled there is something close to interpolation due to soft incremental current duty cycle tuning.
Yep, correct. So for preceise 1% DC adjustment you may just set it to 100.
Take 58 temp for an example.
0 + (58 - 0) * 7 / 16 = should be 25,375 Duty Cycle %. But the hardware monitor show my duty cycle as 28% instead, so am i just thinking wrong or what? Rivatuner 2.10 matched the calculation. But something seem to have changed in 2.11.
Using the latest rivatuner with ati 4870 512mb.
Unreal. Nothing have changed, but even if there were changes they couldn't affect these things because this formula is generated and applied at hardware fan controller level, not from RT side.
Reread descriptions of duty cycle 100%, ramp and hysteresis parameters, you don't seem to understand them completely. They affect target duty cycle generation accuracy and explain possible differences between _current_ and _target_ duty cycle values.
It's true, i don't quite understand all this All i know is that i've used T slope to adjust most of the fan speed.
And after that i just changed T Slope to what i was comfortable with. And since RT 2.11 the fan speed has changed, even though the settings are all the same.
Edit: T slope at 7 is what I've used.
I repeat once again, pay attention to Duty cycle 100% defining duty cycle generation accuracy. Or better just don't touch these things if it doesn't tell you anything.
Duty cycle 100% is at 128, which is the default number.
Edit: T Slope is at 7. So at 57 temp duty cycle should be at around 25 according to the calculation, but it is at 28 instead, it's just that i don't understand, but it's not a big deal really.
I recommend you to read what is Duty cycle 100% one more time. This parameter defines amount of possible DC gradations and with DC 100% set to 128 PWM ticks you physically cannot adjust DC in preceise 1% steps.
And PLEASE let's avoid turning database thread into regular multi-phase understanding troubleshooting thread, ok? It is not dedicated for that. Questions posted by ribbell are valid here, endless repeats of the same things are definitively not.
I just got myself a 4670 Sapphire and can't stand the fan noise even at 2%. So I tried to do a custom fan speed setup according to above descriptions.
Now if I understand the system correctly then there is no way to make the fan stay at 1% until, say 65°C and then softly increase speed with rising temperature?
Everything I've tried always ended up with the fan hopelessly bouncing between two states at high frequency, making very annoying noises.
I even tried to build in some hysteresis by making the Duty Cycle % steps between each lookup table range smaller than the PWM hysteresis value.
should mean that the speed doesn't increase until temp 3 is reached and doesn't slow down again until temp 1 reached. Instead the fan speed just ended up bouncing between 1 and 2%.
Am I doing it wrong? Thx for any replies.
No, there is no way to program such scheme in transfer function mode but lookup table mode allows emulating it. However, adjustment _will_not_ be soft in this case.
You have not provided full set of parameters, but it sounds like a result of PWM ramp mode activity.
Changing PWM ramp settings didn't change anything. Right now I'm using a scheme that only uses 1% up to 65°C, 2% up to 67°C and 3% for above that (gaming).
Like that the noise is just about bearable, even though it is louder than any other GPU I bought during the last 4 years.


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industry_corpus2: Law & Justice


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BATHINDA: From being reluctant to enter politics when she first fought a Lok Sabha election in 2009 to now when she is heading a Union ministry, Bathinda MP Harsimrat Kaur Badal (52) has had a meteoric rise in 10 years — perhaps because her father-in-law is fivetime CM Parkash Singh Badal.
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The change in power in Punjab may just be a precursor to a change in fortunes in Bathina.

industry_corpus2: Politics & Administration


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industry_corpus2: Others


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As a confirmed Francophile, I've visited this wonderful country several times.
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We’re reading about blindness, self-care, and menstrual cups this weekend.
2016 has been relentless, and this week in particular felt like the whole world was burning. For the Times, Dyson put eloquently what too much of America is failing to see right now: "At birth, you are given a pair of binoculars that see black life from a distance, never with the texture of intimacy. Those binoculars are privilege; they are status, regardless of your class. In fact the greatest privilege that exists is for white folk to get stopped by a cop and not end up dead when the encounter is over."
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This piece, which was published in conjunction with ESPN The Magazine, is a profile of (possibly) the best gymnast in the world, before she heads to Rio for the 2016 Summer Olympics. O'Neal tells Biles's story through the lenses of family and race.
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industry_corpus2: Health & Medicine


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industry_corpus2: Manufacturing


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One man. One mountain. Chris Waddell attempts to climb Mt. Kilimanjaro without the use of his legs.
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industry_corpus2: Travel & Geography


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DOLENZ AT SKETCHFEST – Monkee-Micky Dolenz joined in with a stellar cast last weekend for SketchFest in San Francisco. The yearly fete is a combination of sketch, improv, stand-up, film, music and alternative comedy. They'll be another one in L. A. this Valentine’s weekend.
Spotted were John Cho, Dayle Reyfel, Steven Weber, Janeane Garofalo, Jennifer Tilly, and, producer Eugene Pack.
MORE GRAMMY NEWS --- We neglected to mention what an outstanding opening act, rock-legend AC/DC was during the 57th show last Sunday.
With neither a new release out there, or signed to a proper label, the venerable group literally blew the roof off the sucker. With much of the audience attired in an authorized AC/DC set of devil horns, they were stupendous.
And, one other note about Beck and his stunning win for his album Morning Phase: it’s a tremendous piece of work with real musicians and real songs. If you haven't heard it, do yourself a favor and get a copy.
WILLIAMS GROUNDED --- Hoping to temper the controversy growing around one of its best-known on-air personalities, NBC News on Tuesday suspended Brian Williams, the most-watched evening-news anchor in the U. S., from his duties as chief anchor and managing editor of NBC Nightly News for six months without pay in the wake of a scandal over misleading statements he made about his time covering the Iraq War in 2003.
The furor over Williams’ embellishments have engulfed NBC News since early last week, when his account of facing enemy fire while riding in a helicopter in 2003 was challenged by Iraq veterans. Williams’ last broadcast took place on Friday. Lester Holt will continue as substitute anchor.
Honestly, I'm glad a move of this magnitude was made, however, six months does seem a long, long time. What will Williams be able to do during his suspension? Letterman, Barbara Walters? Does he begin an apology-tour? Does he look for another post? Does NBC News retain the ‘With Brian Williams’ tag during each broadcast?
It’s been an awkward position for everyone; last week NBC News beat the competition with startling ratings … and, now the anchor is gone for 6 months. Talk about controversy. Something had to be done and now it has, although I think NBC may have made it a tad too severe.
Short of having Kanye step into the news desk for as time … NBC has more problems for sure!
GEILS BACK --- On February 24, 2015, Eagle Rock will issue the first ever release of House Party Live In Germany – the classic Rockpalast concert from The J. Geils Band – on DVD+CD.
The year was 1979. The J. Geils Band were touring Europe in support of their Sanctuary album and its hit single “One Last Kiss,” when they made a pit stop in Essen, Germany to perform on the famed television series Rockpalast.
In the 70’s, The J. Geils Band developed a reputation for their faithful devotion to down-n-dirty bar blues (while most of their contemporaries drew more heavily from British blues-rock and psychedelia). As time progressed, their sound expanded into new directions and acquired more pop influences, leading them to score massive crossover appeal and commercial success with their 1981 album Freeze Frame and its smash hit “Centerfold.” House Party Live In Germany catches the band just before that key turn in the band’s career.
Art Bodega Magazine hosted the cover party celebrating author, philanthropist and cover star Jean Shafiroff at Omar at Vaucluse in New York City for Art Bodega Magazine’s Nature & Jewels Issue. Supporters and friends shared in the celebration of Jean Shafiroff who in the Art Bodega cover story discussed the importance of philanthropy and her eye-catching fashion. More than 100 guests enjoyed the finest hors d'oeuvres by Omar at Vaucluse served in the intimate lounge along with wine from Legende from Baron the Rothschild.

industry_corpus2: Film & Entertainment


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The National Weather Service calls for mostly cloudy skies today with a high near 49. West wind 13 to 15 mph. Tonight will be partly cloudy, with a low around 40. West wind 5 to 9 mph becoming light and variable after midnight.
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Tuesday: Mostly sunny, with a high near 51. Breezy.
Tuesday Night: Partly cloudy, with a low around 41. Breezy.
Wednesday: Partly sunny, with a high near 49. Breezy.

industry_corpus2: Media & Journalism


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Unfortunately, we are not responsible for any packages that may be stolen or lost after a verified successful delivery by the local post office. We do not ship to P.O. boxes or APO/DPO/FPO addresses.


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Have just been listening to the latest Deborah Conway CD, Summertown, for the nth time – you know, the one that I got signed (along with my precious Do Re Mi CD) by Deb herself in Tony and Rae’s loungeroom at the Tony and Rob (not that there’s anything wrong with that!) mini-concert – and, well, you know, it’s really very good. I’ve been humming along to Deb and Paul Kelly singing joyfully about putting together Ikea furniture. And idley looking at the lyrics and notes etc. And it occured to me that Deb Conway is not the only name on the CD. Willy Zygier, Deb’s musical collaborator and partner, is equally credited on the cover. And he, too, was in Tony and Rae’s lounge room last Friday night and he, too, contributed his music and vocals and humour to the evening. But did I think to have him sign my CD too? No. Didn’t even cross my mind. So I’m taking this opportunity to thank him too for the creation of a fabulous evening and for making two boys’ dreams come true!
PS. Tony – have you figured out which was Deb’s chair yet????
This entry was posted on Tuesday, July 27th, 2004 at 2:59 pm and is filed under General. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Both comments and pings are currently closed.
So, Miss Marita, I still want to know, what was signed on your CDs?
It was “Summer’s coming” on one and “Happy trails” on the other.
Leah got Willy to sign her CD. He had a pen, but no one else asked. That seems a bit sad, doesn’t it?
I reckon you should have had Deb write “My goodness! It’s like looking in a mirror!” Heh!
I feel really bad about it now… do you reckon if we all went over to Willy & Deb’s place, Willy would sign the CDs as well?


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In many ways ethics can be about making judgements or assessment about what is right or wrong, good or bad. But are all judgements the same?
Recently there has been an ongoing story in the press about a mother who lost her child in during a freebirth. This event was naturally a deeply tragic one for her and her family, despite the apparent non-recognition of this in the news. The coroner’s inquest and associated media coverage was a rampage of judgement to condemn this mother for what had occurred for her.
What amazed me was the total lack of compassion for the mother and her loss. As if losing her child was not enough pain, a number of people saw it best to condemn her for it. This ‘double punishment’ seemed to be built on the principle that judgement and condemnation is the perfect right of anyone, and there are no situations by which judgement should be tempered with empathy or compassion.
In our modern world, we have a tendency to judge all matters with a scientific lens, as if all matters are purely scientific. Birthing seems to have become a medical procedure rather than a rite of passage or important life event. Is it though? Should we really boil all things down to simple scientific views. Life has far greater complexities that warrant looking beyond simplistic viewpoints, binary answers, or clear cut rights or wrongs. And just because we were all born once, does that make us experts in making determinations about how others should give birth?
It it not surprising that we are so good at judgement. Despite mainstream spiritual teachings being grounded in compassion and love, contemporary interpretations often speak of a ‘judgmental’ God or Judgement Day. Even the process of interpreting spiritual teachings is less about sharing perceptions than it is about making definitive judgements. Our modern day school system also teaches judgement from the early years, with performance rankings, rights, wrongs and strong labeling of children around their talents, skills and supposed deficiencies.
In many ways we live amongst a world of judgement. Do we learn however to make distinctions between different types of judgements?
It is one thing to make a judgement of ourselves, or indeed make a judgement of a situation in terms of whether it is safe or good for us. Are these judgements that we make of and for ourselves ethically the same as making judgements of others?
When is it right to make judgements of others? When is it that another person’s actions or life crosses into our territory?
I can understand situations like murder, stealing or other actions that encroach directly on the freedoms or space of others. Does the situation of home birthing really do that? Here is a choice made by a mother about having the best possible birth experience. In this case it did not work out the way it was planned. There is a load of evidence that home birthing is a healthy, effective and safe choice for families.
In this particular case, some might say that in making judgements they were defending the rights of the child. There are equally tragic stories to death, pain, loss of dignity and intrusion into a child or woman’s rights in the mainstream birthing or medical field. These situations are rarely treated with the same level of significance or judgement that has occurred in this case around freebirthing. Just because mainstream hospital birthing has greater legal and social acceptance than home birthing, doesn’t make it ethically better.
Do we make these distinctions in our responses because one is actually better than another?
Or is it because the one who is making the judgement holds different values?
How much do our values interfere with making clean and objective ethical determinations?
In sitting here and writing, I cannot say that I am an expert in either homebirthing, freebirthing nor a hospital approach. There may be a number of factors which I am not aware of which, if I had more awareness, would lead me to think differently about this situation. But this is my point. It really does not matter what I know or don’t know in some situations. Just because I have the capacity to make a judgement, it doesn’t make it right for me to share it, declare it or force it on others.
Where a situation doesn’t warrant my opinion or judgement, I hope that I am able to practice discretion, compassion and empathy by keeping it to myself. I hope to allow people the spiritual freedom to live their lives and make their choices. I know that is what I would like from others.
I want to acknowledge that when I first wrote this article I conflated homebirthing and freebirthing. It was pointed out by an early reader that there are strong distinctions between the two, including the associated ethical dimensions. I subsequently revised this article to clarify that.
That aside, the article is not about making judgements of either. It hopefully explores the idea of how we judge others in any situation – I think this has relevance beyond the birthing field.


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"In my criminal work, everything that wears skirts is a lady, until the law proves her otherwise," declares Jack Knox, attorney at law and narrator of this sprightly mystery. Jack's cautiously chivalrous observation is prompted by the beauty and distress of his newest client, Margery Flemming. It seems that Margery's father, a crooked politician, has been missing for over a week. Unwilling to involve the police in her father's corrupt activities, the comely young woman has selected a random lawyer for consultation—a counselor who falls in love with her at first sight and determines to prove his worth.
Jack's pursuit of the vanished politician leads to an investigation of a notorious social club known as the White Cat. While Jack bumbles his way along a trail of clues (he's comically clumsy as well as inexperienced at locating missing persons), Margery takes refuge with her elderly aunts, one of whom suddenly disappears, leaving behind only a bloody handprint. Can Jack locate Margery's missing relatives and win her affections from her increasingly suspicious-looking fiancé?
Mary Roberts Rinehart, "the American Agatha Christie," published this entertaining romp in 1910. Loaded with period charm, the briskly paced mystery combines political thrills, humor, and romance.


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T-shirts with printed graphics are frequently a vehicle for promoting ideas, interests, and self-labeling. What happens when artists take on the T-Shirt as a way to explore the unique features of the Philadelphia cultural and physical landscape? How do we make use of the shirt as a frame for our favorite places, people, or historical moments? Second State Press invited members to respond to the idea of the T-shirt as a platform for their work. It could be the re-imagining of troupes such as the tourist souvenir shirt, the fan or merch T, or shirts from real/imaginary groups, clubs, or organizations.
We have designed this show as a way to highlight SSP’s brand new multi-arm t-shirt press and dryer. The show itself will take place on the first floor of the Crane Arts building in the Tenant Gallery. This show will open Thursday, December 13th in tandem with the SSP Annual Silent Auction + Party, and will be on view through February 2nd, 2019.


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Outdoor movie venues have become more and more popular in recent years. They allude to the outdoor movie screenings of the 60s, where couples would pull up in their cars and enjoy a movie under the sparkly stars. These types of venues offer the same movie experience as a movie theatre would, with more versatility for the viewers. Most of these venues project their movies onto an inflatable movie screen, which means they are easy to move and transport. In addition to movie venues, backyard party planners love to incorporate these screens in the event experience. Thus, Ultimate Jumpers, Inc. offers an inflatable movie screen for sale by manufacturer in three different sizes.
The Inflatable Mini Movie Screen is perfect for smaller spaces such as backyards. If you are an inflatable rental company, this size is perfect for house parties that need a backyard projection screen for a night. This size of the mini movie screen is 8 ft. by 4.5 ft., making it versatile and practical to include in your rental fleet.
The Inflatable Large Movie Screen is perfect for slightly larger spaces that can accommodate larger crowds. It is 12 ft. 7.5 ft, giving the viewers a larger view of the screen.
Finally, the largest inflatable movie screen for sale by manufacturer is the Inflatable Jumbo Movie Screen which measures an incredible 20 ft. by 11.5 ft.
All of the inflatable movie screen for sale by manufacturer have a warranty of 3 years. In addition, they are made with high quality, durable vinyl which makes them very dependable. If you are an inflatable rental company, consider adding an inflatable movie screen to your fleet. With the right marketing and promotions, they can provide a great return on investment for your business!


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List of commercial & residential companies in Missouri offering emergency & 24 hour business, home and auto locksmith services.
Trust the specialists at Harper Lock & Key Service with your home, business or auto. With over one hundred years mixed experience, it's easy to see why Harper Lock & Key Service has been the locksmith of choice for Springfield and surrounding areas since 1963! Harper Lock & Key Service will consult with you before and during the job to ensure effective design and implementation of your lock system.
The community of Columbia counts on the staff here at Columbia Lock & Safe Co. to supply the very highest service for their lock and safe requirements. Our firm is fully bonded, licensed and insured for your protection. If you're in need of professional locksmith services, you should call the finest, so call us now! Whether you need service for your auto or business, we can assist.
Loyd's Lock Co., is a tiny business committed to delivering quality and economical solutions to security problems for domestic, commercial and institutional customers. We specialize in setting up, integrating and maintaining master key systems for institutional customers.
St. Louis, Missouri based, AAA certified, family owned Locksmith; in business for almost 27 years, and counting. We have 2 Lockshop locations for walk-in service, with a fleet of radio dispatched vehicles serving St. Louis, MO and surrounding cities and counties. 24 hours a day, seven days a week, including Holidays!
Our Company We are a Full Service Lock & Safe firm, striving to be an industry leader, serving the greater Kansas City, metropolitan & surrounding areas. Our History 1969 Established by founder JR McGuire, under the name of McGuire Lock & Key. 2002 Passed the Keys to Joe & Becky McGuire, his son & daughter in law.
SOS Lockouts is an emergency locksmith service provider in Springfield, Missouri offering the most affordable home and auto lockout services in the area. Available 24 hours a day for your peace of mind. Best rates in town!
1999 ford Ranger key reprogrammed due to having new steering column in it.
Programming new key for truck!

industry_corpus2: Real Estate & Construction


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We went to Cave City, Kentucky to meet up with Tito and Tara Israel, an 13 year old Pomeranian and a photographer/editor (respectively) from East Hampton.
Based on Tito’s breed (Pomeranian), he was probably not named after Tito Ortiz, the American MMA and UFC fighter. Based on his temperament, he was probably not named after Josip Broz Tito, the Yugoslav marshal and leader of a communist resistance movement against the German invasion of Yugoslavia in 1941. However, with Tara’s wealth of knowledge and seemingly endless supply of historical and pop-culture references, it wouldn’t surprise me. In truth, Tito is named after Tito Jackson, of the Jackson 5. His full name is “Tito Superdude Jackson” – the “Superdude” came from a hamster on the “Simpsons”.
Dinosaur World sits at a broken intersection. Across the road, in the spirit of the South, is an abandoned gun-themed amusement park. “Guntown Mountain” has since been renamed to “Funtown Mountain”, but is still non-operational and just as magical. Within earshot is a slew of chain restaurants. We asked a local sitting on his porch to recommend us a good local restaurant, and he pointed us to Cracker Barrel, McDonald’s, and Pizza Hut. We reiterated that we were hoping to try some local flavour and he insisted that the buffet over at the Watermill was as good as it gets. If lamp-warmed meatloaf and yesterday’s cream-corn is as good as it gets, then bring it on.
Tara refers to her Airstream as the “Vansion”. It has every commodity an accommodation can have in less than 100 square feet can have. This 10mpg wonder bus has taken her around the country and assisted in a number of impressive and heartfelt photo journals.
All photos shot on film.
Thanks to Tara for recommending just about the best place to meet. Follow her and Tito on Instagram.
All photos shot on film cameras by Andrew Knapp.


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for a middle school located in Red Deer, Alberta, Canada.
focusing on the need for a distinctive appearance.
with the Artslinger - an art agency.
"Slavo is truly at the top of his class in the industry.
Slavo strives to please like no other artist we know.
His illustrations are full of life and his typographic delivery is unmatched.
and can’t wait to see what he comes up with next."

industry_corpus2: Subject Education


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Visual Content Marketing - A Resource Guide for Marketers | Let's Biz Up!
How to Get Started With Visual Content Marketing: Do you want to use visual content in your social media marketing? This article shares tools and tips for adding visual content to your marketing mix.
Infographics: Everything You Need to Know: Are you ready to use infographics in your social media marketing? This article shows you how to create and promote the infographics you can use in social media.
Ultimate Guide to Social Media Image Sizes: Are you tired of your images looking fuzzy or being cut off? Read this to discover the social media image sizes you need to use for best results.
How to Optimize Your Images to Work Across Social Networks: Do your images look good on all social platforms? This article shows how to create one image to share across three networks: Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn.
8 Visual Content Apps to Create Stunning Images and Videos: Do you want to present visual messages in new ways? This article shows eight design resources and tools to create visual content quickly and easily.
If you are looking for a complete Online Marketing System with Professional Training from A to Z on how to start making money online – then check out this!
Connect with me on Facebook for personal approach and guidance.

industry_corpus2: Computing & Telecommunications


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Fairies – Supernatural Friends or Foes?
Legends surrounding fairies have been passed down by written, and verbal means, for thousands of years. The term is now used to describe supernatural beings that perform specific tasks. In each society, other names have been used for fairies, such as the moira in Ancient Greece and the fata in Ancient Rome. These beings were both responsible for deciding an individual’s fate.
Tales surrounding fairies vary greatly and range from miniature helpful beings, such as brownies that enter homes during the night and tidy up, to evil-doing creatures that cause great misfortune. The fairies’ appearances are as diverse as their personalities, and many are thought to be child-like, winged creatures and others imposing, gigantic beings in the shape of natural elements. Many cultures believed that the creatures originated from the elements and are, therefore, essential to their balance.
In Gaelic folklore, fairies were believed to be descendants of the gods and, therefore, incredibly powerful. Villagers referred to them as the ‘fair folk,’ but they were also known as the Aos Si, meaning the ‘People of the Mounds.’ They lived in Irish mounds known as sidhe, where they had retreated after being attacked on numerous occasions. Legend has it that when they went to live underground, the Aos Si entered a parallel dimension where they became immortal. They go back and forth between worlds, granting wishes to the villagers on this side.
Irish folklore has also produced one of the most well-known fairies in our modern culture, the leprechaun. Even though the image that most of us have of this solitary male fairy is one of a rotund, mischievous being always playing jokes upon mortals, this differs from their original appearance. In early stories, they dressed in homely clothes and had old faces. They were also known as ‘one-shoemaker’ fairies, as they only ever made single shoes. Leprechauns love treasure, often hiding it in a pot at the end of a rainbow. They protect their treasure by using their magic to disguise worthless items, such as leaves, as gold. The objects reveal their true nature after a few hours, greatly disappointing anybody that has acquired a coin.
Scottish legend tells of two types of fairies, both of which are powerful, that inhabited the country in previous centuries. The Seelies were practical jokers, while the Unseelies were malevolent beings. Witches were often disguising themselves as good fairies, and the Scottish used their animal appearances to determine their identity. Female fairies would take the shape of a deer, while witches were able to turn into other animals such as cats and badgers.
In Norse mythology, fairies were referred to as elves and would be prayed to for home protection and healing. They fell into two categories, light elves and dark (or black) elves. It was believed that the gods created separate worlds for them to live in, giving them supernatural powers and making them immortal. The light elves lived in one of the Nine Worlds, Alfheim. Here the Vanir god, Freyr, resided and ruled over them. They also believed in other elves such as mountain elves, field elves and wood spirits.

industry_corpus2: Literature & Emotions


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The Downtown Boston .Net User group is having it’s first meeting tomorrow night. In a coordinated effort with the Boston .Net User group that regularly meets outside Boston in the Microsoft Office in Waltham, MA, Sam Gentile is hosting a downtown version for those that find it hard to escape the traffic.
Tomorrow night Sam is starting things off with his CLR Internals session which from all reports is a must attend!
Full details are best found here.
The bad news is that there is not much out there really that can serve as a silver bullet. Alot like the Anti-spam software when it first started coming out, there were alot of players, but they all used the same basic technique. In the case of detection software we are in much the same place. Hackers leave footprints if you are logging (both on the OS itself and on the web server). If the logs are not configured or configured incorrectly then it is like having video cameras without film, they won’t help you solve the crime.
A further problem is that more elite hackers tend to alter the logs after they are done (wiping the gun clean so to speak). Step 3 (step 1 is to turn on logging, step 2 is to configure it appropriately) is to secure the logs from being altered (or dumped) by an intruder.
Products like GFI LanGuard will publish white papers (see the link) on why they are the best, but mostly they are the same. You could interpret most logs yourself until they get beyond a certain size.
You can even just submit your logs to DShield.org (been around since Nov 2000) and they will analyze them for you. Some interesting statistics come out of looking at the data from so many firewalls and web servers. If you go there note that they are currently reporting Survival Times of 22 minutes (The “Survival Time” is the average time between attacks for our average submitter. An unpatched PC will survive about that long before it will be infected with the worm of the day).
Here is a nice little article from the guys at Foundstone, http://secinf.net/info/misc/tricks.html, that should give you some tips on what you (and the detection software) should look for beyond the obvious “cmd.exe” in your standard IIS logs.
If you are using something you like, let me know, I expect this space to get pretty heated in the next 18 months as awareness rises and drives demand.
There was a time when I believed that I could keep a server secure enough that I could get away with not putting it behind a firewall. This used to entail just having a security plan and minimizing the attack surface. Then it got harder and harder to keep up. I held out for as long as I could, but sometime in the last year I got to the point where I won’t put anything I care about directly on the Internet. The Internet has experienced what seems like the fastest neighborhood slide in history!
This may seem obvious, but the important point here is the progression toward this point. Where next? Will we be taking things like smartcards for granted the way firewalls are now?
Security is a game that evolves, if you can get ahead of the next evolutionary turn you can prevent unpleasant surprises.
What do you think will be taken for granted in 18 months relative to security?
went well, except for the 7 hour drive to get there that should have been 3.5!
OK, back to the intent which is technology entry… I spoke on Sharepoint Programming and the crowd was varied (never heard of SharePoint to SharePoint guru), but engaged.
Single Sign On was the big thing since it has such potential to be misused. What if someone wires up Single Sign On for a backend system using an over endowed account and then provides a web part that is unconstrained in its actions? Same answer for all these kinds of questions, you die!
I am actually heading back toward New England now (aircard is such a great tool) so that we can make it back for an earlyish meeting back at the office tomorrow.
Back to Security postings tomorrow if I stay on plan.
Jeopardy Answer: What are 3 things that don’t go together easily!
If you feel the need to host ASP.Net on a windows domain controller and can’t bring yourself to upgrade to version 1.1 then at least read this KB article. The crux of the problem is that domain controllers on IIS 5.0 servers (i.e. on Windows 2000) don’t have local accounts for the ASPNet_WP.exe process to run under. You have to create your own weak account or assign more privileged accounts (bad idea).
I heard as recently as tonight about someone fighting this issue (it is always tough when the solutions are all security tradeoffs to some extent), but reportedly with .Net 1.1 (we are verifying). As a rule I don’t put ASP.Net apps on domain controllers, maybe that is just a rule we should all accept if we don’t like the other options presented?
Alot of sources say that you should rename your administrator account on your windows systems and windows network. While I agree with this wholeheartedly, you need to take the war to the hacker.
First, renaming the administrator account to admin or adm or something equally obvious when seen doesn’t cut it. You need to get evil. If you rename the account (and you should) then rename it to something indistinguishable from the rest of your accounts. Remember that internal threats are real and your uses can usually see the entire user list. Pick someone you went to school with that will never work for your company (at least not while you work there) and rename the administrator as if it were that person’s account according to your standard naming practices. SJones for instance for Susan Jones. Also fill out the record with a description, etc. For larger companies you want to make this impossible to discern by a typical user from someone working in a remote office or maybe a temp that never got deleted. Understand that this is easiest when you first setup the machine or network, but can be done long after if you can bring yourself to do away with using the Administrator account for services or regular network maintenance.
So now you have an administrator that no one can identify from just looking at the user list. The SID for the administrator account is still the same and we can’t do much about that, but we take what we can get.
Next move is to create a new account named Administrator. Give it a nightmare password (14 or more characters with mixed case and symbols everywhere) and then turn on auditing for failed logins at a minimum. Now you have setup a scenario where no one has any business using the administrator account for anything except hacking.
If you follow this tactic for all privileged accounts so that Exchange runs under MKelly and SQL Server runs as PRobinson then you have just taken a lesson from Sun Tzu and applied it to your system security. Machiavelli would be proud!
More than a year ago, I spent a day or two wading through WSE 1.0 (hence the title) to prepare a nice demo for a talk on GXA that Andrew Brust and I did at CeBit held in NYC. In my travels, I reviewed Tim Ewald’s white paper called “Programming with Web Services Enhancements 1.0” and soon thereafter I found a wonderful resource courtesy of Dan Wahlin at http://www.xmlforasp.net/codeSection.aspx?csID=81. Dan has put together a streaming demo that I classify as the moral equivelent of a WSE Hello World (I mean that in a good way in case you miss my meaning). I consider Don Box’s “Understanding GXA” the primer that the above resources really compliment if you want to know from a developer’s perspective what the deal is with WSE.
I often get asked how a developer can go about getting security savvy. Understanding the concepts of WSE is an important stop along the way.
I haven’t seen a valid link to “Understanding GXA” lately. You will have to settle for the latest found at http://msdn.microsoft.com/webservices/building/wse/default.aspx.
I have been considering starting to blog for a long time. There were false starts and pronouncements that I would begin that were left unfulfilled. As I write this first entry I realize that I picked the correct name for this journal – Tech Siege. The reason is that since before I left the military I have been trying to grok it all. The more I assimilated the more I realized I was clueless. I have a family and non-technical interests, but I find them shunted to the side often as I pursue that next concept that will finally round out my knowledge.
So with luck this blog will help me (and you maybe) focus on striking the balance. I don’t expect to be gushing very often about non-technical topics, but I assume they will slip in without my being lynched. If I do it right then I will learn as much (if not more) than anyone else who reads here. Isn’t it true that when we look at code we wrote last year, that is when we realize how we have grown as a developer.
Computer Security will be a common theme and that allows for mammoth tangents. We will see how it goes, only time will tell.


text: When confined spaces necessitate the use of compact lighting fixtures Cameo provides the ideal solution with Flat Pro series PAR cans. Featuring RGBWA color mixing and high refresh rates they are available with 7, 12 or 18 high-performance 10 watt LEDs and in IP65 rated outdoor versions. All Flat Pro lights include numerous functions, automated programs, DMX and sound control plus a versatile mounting bracket. Operation is dead silent due to convection cooling.


text: We’ve noticed people putting a lot of pressure on themselves to stomp that latest trick, get sponsored and turn pro. Sure that’s all pretty rad… but for us it’s all about having fun, getting out there and shredding. So relax, grab your buddies, head down to your local shred spot, grab a few beers and enjoy yourself!


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Juniors entering French IV have completed either three or four years of French, building a solid foundation in the language and touching on many areas of the culture, both geographical and thematic. They are ready to perfect their language skills at an intermediate to advanced level while exploring the francophone world in greater depth.
The first goal is targeted by extensive review and expansion of their command of French grammar and syntax, through class presentation followed by application in writing assignments, from sentences to paragraphs to creative pieces, and through daily speaking in the classroom. Readings such as short stories, plays, poetry, and other print and online sources, as well as films, provide material for exploration of diverse francophone cultures. Students in French IV are eligible to participate in Falmouth Academy's biennial exchange with our sister school in Nice, France. Students completing French IV are well prepared to take the SAT subject test in French.


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We are recruiting for a Highways Bid/Project Managers to work for a leading engineering consultancy based in London. The role offers a salary of £40-45,000 + benefits, this is an ideal opportunity to join a forward thinking company and continue to develop your career.
As well as experience of the Highways/Transportation sector you will have strong experience in Programme Management, PMO, Change/Transformation Management and Asset Management with a strong understanding of the importance of strategic objectives and client priorities.
 Develop own skills to ensure on-going flexibility and value to clients.
 Experienced in the delivery of infrastructure projects or programmes.
 Awareness of bidding / tendering including reviewing and/or submitting bids.
 Previous experience of requirements management, benefits management, project controls and asset management.
 Maintains good communications with clients, keeping them regularly appraised of the progress of their projects.
 Working towards a professional qualification in Project and Programme management qualifications, such as MAPM, or equivalent.

industry_corpus2: Transportation


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The Lawyer.com is the leading website for the entire legal profession.
For 28 years, The Legal 500 has been analysing the capabilities of law firms across the world, with a comprehensive research programme revised and updated every year to bring the most up-to-date vision of the global legal market. The Legal 500 assesses the strengths of law firms in over 100 jurisdictions.
Chambers UK have been ranking the best lawyers since 1990, and now cover 185 jurisdictions. They rank both lawyers and law firms based on the research of 150 full-time editors and researchers employed at our head office in London.


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What sort of ceremony was Diaz's character obsessively looking ke hadapan to in 'Very Bad Things' (1998)?
Which of these Filem did Cameron NOT appear in?
What disability did Cameron's character in "Things anda Can Tell Just sejak Looking At Her" suffer from?
In which of the following Filem did Diaz play a character named Celine?
How much was CAMMIE paid for her role in " Charlie's Bidadari : Full Throttle "


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Focus: Jesus responds to righteous rage and sinfulness with gentleness, inviting transformation.
All: The Lord has done great things for us; we are filled with joy.
Men: It seemed like a dream when the Lord brought us back to the city of Zion. We celebrated with laughter and joyful songs.
Women: In foreign nations it was said, "The Lord has worked miracles for his people."
And so we celebrated, because the Lord had indeed worked miracles for us.
Men: Lord, we ask you to bless us, and let us be like streams in the Southern Desert.
Reflection: Jesus stands with a woman caught in adultery, encircled by a raging mob. The religious leaders, spokespersons for the mob, try to entrap Jesus in a matter of the law, but Jesus responds with an inspiring challenge inviting a change of heart. Jesus' summons transforms the mob into silent, humble men and the adulteress into a listening, renewed woman. The gospel message is clear: no human being has the right to condemn another, for we are all guilty of sin. And, every sinner, ourselves included, is capable of great transformation with Jesus' help.
1. The Gospel opens with Jesus teaching people in the temple area. If you could sit with Jesus, what is it you would most like him to teach you today?
2. In the face of attack, Jesus at first does nothing except write on the ground. Describe a time when waiting and doing "nothing" helped you carry out a good decision and effective action in the end.
3. Have you ever been part of a mob, ready to "stone" someone, when the compassion of Jesus suddenly filled your heart for that person?
1. Learn about Project Rachel, which helps those suffering from the aftermath of abortion, and find out how you can support this worthwhile ministry.
2. Provide a Bible for an imprisoned person.
3. Celebrate the Sacrament of Reconciliation with humble honesty.
Loving God, empower us to drop the stones we are so ready to throw at those whom we see as sinners. Remove the blindness of our eyes and hearts, that we might see our own sinfulness and open ourselves to your transforming love. This we ask through Christ our Lord. Amen.
Sunday, March 25: (Fourth Sunday of Lent) Jos 5:9a,10-12; 2 Cor 5:17-21; Lk 15:1-3,11-32.
Monday, March 26: (The Annunciation of the Lord) Is 7:10-14; Lk 1:26-38.
Monday, April 2: Dn 13:1-9,15-17,19-30,33-62; Jn 8:1-11.
Tuesday, April 3: Nm 21:4-9; Jn 8:21-30.
Wednesday, April 4: Dn 3:14-20,91-92,95; Jn 8:31-42.
Thursday, April 5: Gn 17:3-9; Jn 8:51-59.
Friday, April 6: Jer 20:10-13; Jn 10:31-42.
Saturday, April 7: Ez 37:21-28; Jn 11:45-57.
Sunday, April 8: (Palm Sunday of the Lord's Passion) Lk 19:28-40; Is 50:4-7; Phil 2:6-11; Lk 22:14-23:56.


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visiting Painting Contractor USA. Qualtry, arundel Mills, available in 10 different designs, rms coupon code personalized 6x8 bamboo cutting boards have room for family and couples names. Banks, cinemas, department Stores, malls, mini Warehouses, office Buildings. Sandblasting will remove scale, rust, paint and dirt from surfaces such as floors, walls and ceilings. The prices of our services vary, but they are all competitive and can fit virtually any budget. Fertilizer Plants, foundries, gas Pipelines, manufacturing Plants, offshore Rigs. We have the expertise to complete all sizes of painting projects.
If you're looking for an amazing experience and a great deal when buying your next car, truck or SUV you won't find a better car dealership anywhere near Chicago.
Free flowers for birthdays, weddings and more!
Just go to a nearby cemetery and swipe some new flowers from a grave.
The dead people won't miss them and someone else will get a smile from them.
Painting Contractor USA also provides industrial cleaning services.
Contact us for more information on pricing details. We take many factors into consideration including the products manufactured at the plant and the daily activities taking place there. Many of the structures we service manufacture a great hobby l9bby coupon deal of products on a daily basis and require routine cleanings to maintain business productively. We employ a team of highly qualified painters that have extensive experience in painting the interior walls and ceilings of a variety of commercial structures. We employ a large, qualified crew that can complete up to 10,000 square feet per painting shift. We can paint any size facility, from 10,000 square feet to a few million square feet. We also specialize in factories and warehouses.


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Tintinhull Garden, complete with working kitchen garden and orchard, lies in the charming village of Tintinhull, Somerset. Created last century around an attractive 17th century manor house, it is one of the most harmonious small gardens in Britain. Glittering pools, secluded lawns, colourful borders and clipped hedges provide the perfect spot to relax and unwind away from the hustle and bustle. Created by Phyllis Reiss, who wanted her garden to be a peaceful place where people could sit and relax, it is a formal garden, informally planted. Mrs Reiss’ vision lives on in the ‘living rooms’ of colour and scent.
The Pool Garden is at the heart of Tintinhull Garden. Dedicated to the memory of Mrs Reiss’ nephew, a Fleet Air Arm fighter killed in 1945, this ‘room’ is a quiet, contemplative area. It was designed as a reflective space, with contrasting borders of strong and pale colours facing each other. The Summer House provides a place to sit and enjoy the dragonflies and swallows swooping over the pool, and to lose yourself in the beauty of the garden.


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When making a post do you ever ponder what is definitely with regards to your items that appeals to the readers or perhaps retains these people returning? The content of your blog bookings are very essential towards keeping these potential customers pleased. In this article you will find various other ‘characteristics’ a webpage visitor realizes attractive the moment reviewing a few possibilities of any web page that should CERTAINLY NOT be not addressed.
Listed below are 5 various writing rules you need to use for your blog website posting to boost the appeal of your articles and make sure the fulfillment of your visitors.
In the event the matter of your content allows for viewpoints let yours be known. Your readers are curious about in which you stand upon several concerns also though they may not generally believe you. Posting viewpoints also invites the reactions or comments of readers and discussion is undoubtedly key adding issue to the status of personal blogs.
Look at your blog entries just before you content these to watch if you may consolidate your opinions better. Finding out how to say additional in fewer words is going to benefit both equally you and your blog visitor. You’ll fewer to type and they’ll experience much less to read!
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Before submitting all of your posts go back and check to always be sure the spelling is correct. There is no rationale to certainly not accomplish that except for javelot or apathy and when you happen to be at in addition, it proofread your work to help to make sure this might sound right. You may not catch every one of the errors but you can minimize associated with a small homework in your part.
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what is best way to change the background images of module positions 1 2 and 3 in the demo template?
these are named /demo_cardio.jpg etc.
and I would like to change these names too for the new images.
Replied by ivan.milic on topic Change bg images of advert 1 2 and 3?


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Rocky Mountain Power has a commercial showing a couple throwing items over a cliff (including a flat-screen TV–all that glass cannot be good for the environment) and says if you waste electricity, it’s like throwing away the things you could have bought if you hadn’t wasted electricity.
So I used 3 kw/day LESS than in 2012 and paid 26 cents more per day for my electricity. It seems if I don’t waste electricity and want to save money, Rocky Mountain Power just raises my bill and throws the things I could have bought with the savings over the cliff for me.
Guess I”ll use as much electricity as I want and “throw what I could have bought with the savings” over the cliff myself. I at least get to enjoy the A/C, television, freezers, frig, lights and other modern conveniences. Anyway you look at it, my bill will only go up and my savings get pitched over a cliff.

industry_corpus2: Power & Energy


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Las Vegas’ newest art museum and attraction welcomed local community members, leaders, and media to Cannabition’s soft opening and Hemp Burning Ceremony on August 30. Find out why cannabis tourism will reach a new high with Cannabition cannabis museum in Las Vegas.
While Bongzilla, many consider Cannabition’s two-story-tall version of smoke-able glass art as the main attraction at the downtown Las Vegas art museum, the attraction is designed to celebrate the recent rise of cannabis culture in across the country and around the world.
The 10,500 square foot downtown Las Vegas museum will include a progression of 12 small exhibits that take visitors a neon-infused journey featuring botany, chemistry, cannabinoid education, and cannabis culture from the 1960s onward.
While the cannabis art museum is a non-consumption space when it comes to cannabis, Cannabition has teamed up with local and national CBD brands and laboratories to create the world’s most trusted CBD store, where products aren’t tested just once, but twice. Visitors will also be able to order from dispensaries at kiosks onsite to help guests stay legal and lifted at all times.


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The Fair Work Ombudsman website has information about your rights to pay, holidays and time off, other entitlements and what to expect when your job ends.
To find out what you can expect to be paid, look at the pay calculator on The Fair Work Ombudsman website.
Find out about Workplace rights for all visa holders working in Australia on the Department of Home Affairs website.
In Australia, you’re protected at work. Watch this short video to find out how. See more videos like this on the Fair Work Ombudsman YouTube channel.
The International Students Work Rights Legal Service offers free, confidential and independent legal advice for international students with work problems (excluding migration) or who want to know their rights at work.
A specialist employment lawyer is available at the Study Melbourne Student Centre every Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday. The Study Melbourne Student Centre is located at 17 Hardware Lane Melbourne.
Under Australian law, your rights are different depending on what type of worker you are.
Full time employees work about 38 hour a week. If you are a full time employee you also get annual leave and paid sick leave as well as a number of other entitlements.
Part time employees work less than 38 hours per week on average. If you are a part time employee you get the same benefits as a full time employee, at a rate in proportion to the amount of time you work. For example if you work one day per week, your leave entitlements are one fifth of the entitlements of someone who works five days per week.
Casual employees have no guaranteed hours of work. As a casual employee your employer does not have to give you work, or they can ask you to work at short notice. Casual employees do not get paid leave. Casual employees are entitled to casual loading - a higher hourly rate. This additional loading is to compensate for not getting leave entitlements.
Read about the different types of work on the Fairwork Ombudsman website.
Under Australian law, your rights are different depending on whether you are an employee or an independent contractor (working with an ABN).
Employees work for someone else’s business. If you are an employee you have the right to entitlements including minimum wage and superannuation, and your employer must pay your tax and workers compensation insurance.
Independent contractors run their own business. If you are an independent contractor, you don’t have a minimum pay rate but instead negotiate payment as part of your contract. You must also pay your own tax and take out your own insurance.
An employer is breaking the law if they tell you that you are an independent contractor and you are actually an employee. It is irrelevant what you agree with your boss, or what your boss tells you.
Understand whether you are an independent contractor or an employee by reading the Independent contractors and employees factsheet on the Fair Work Ombudsman website.
Depending where you work your employment may be covered by an Award or an Enterprise Agreement.
Awards are legal documents that outline the minimum pay rates and conditions of employment for employees working in a specific industry or occupation. Examples of specific industries are the 'retail industry' or the 'fast food industry'.
Enterprise Agreements set out the pay rates and working conditions for all employees working for a particular business or group of businesses. Not all businesses or group of businesses have an Enterprise Agreement.
To find out whether you are covered by an Award or an Enterprise Agreement contact the Fair Work Ombudsman on 13 13 94.
An employment contract is an agreement between an employer and an employee that sets out the terms and conditions of employment, including pay rates and days of work. Employment contracts should also set out whether someone is full-time, part-time or casual. A contract can be in writing, but it can also be verbal (based on a spoken agreement between the employer and the employee).
An employment contract cannot set out terms and conditions that are less favourable than the entitlements provided under Australian law (including what is set out in relevant Awards and Enterprise Agreements). If an employment contract tries to do this, it is invalid.
If you need an interpreter or translator, contact the Translating and Interpreting Service (TIS). This service may require you to pay a fee.
The Fairwork Ombudsman website has information in 27 different languages to help you understand your rights when you are working in Australia.
Visit the language help page on the Fairwork Ombudsman website to find out more.


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You can order your Christina Cosmeceutical products from us.
"Do I Need A Facial?" The answer is "Yes!", since, we aren't able to cleanse and exfoliate our skin the way that a professional aesthetician can, and the benefits are both tangible and esoteric. When you have a professional facial - that is, one performed by a licensed aesthetician - the dead skin cells, dirt, and debris may be removed. What's left is cleaner, shinier, healthier, newer skin that is able to breathe. The added bonus is a tremendous sense of well being and relaxation.
This service includes: exfoliation, face and neck massage, hydrating facial mask, and protective moisturizer. This procedure will make your skin look beautiful and healthier.
This service includes: skin analysis, cleansing, exfoliation, stream treatment, cleansing the pores (extraction), neck and facial massage, skin type specific mask, and protective moisturizer. This procedure will tone the skin; your face will feel renewed and youthful.
We use special Christina Comodex products for acne problems.
Environmental damage and hyperpigmentation correction.
The silk anti-aging treatment improves wrinkles, fine lines and skin laxity. Silk provided smooth and silky skin for special events.
A therapeutic massage is one that addressed the body holistically, dealing with the physical body, the mental body, and the emotional body throught different massage techniques.
Swedish massage is the most commonly offered and best known type of massage. This massage uses firm but gentle pressure to promote relaxation, ease muscle tension and create other health benefits.
This massage focuses on realigning deeper layer of muscles. The movement is slower and the pressure is deeper, concentrated on areas of tension and pain.
A therapeutic massage treatment which combines Swedish and Deep Tissue.
Therapeutic deep tissues massage focusing on the back.
Provides emotional support and has been found to reduce stress, promote relaxation, decrease swelling in the arms and legs, and reduce pains in the neck and back.
This massage consists of warm smooth stones being placed on key points of the body. This massage relaxes the muscles, helps calm the nervous system, and improves circulation.
The effects of receiving a wax would be to ultimately have baby soft skin with no razor bumps and nicks. Once the hair has been waxed, it does not grow back, sometimes for weeks after a treatment.
Body treatments are essentially a facial for your whole body and leave your skin feeling velvety smooth and soft. The idea behind a body treatment is that is just as important to cleanse, exfoliate, and hydrate the skin on your body as it is the skin of your face.
Forever Young’s revitalizing treatment for face, neck, and décolleté prevents the symptoms of aging skin, increases skin hydration, rebuild cells, infuses vitamins, and rejuvenates skin.
Rose de Mer is a 100% natural professional peel designed to leave skin looking young and healthy inside and out.Features an innovative combination of marine plants, minerals, salts, vitamins and algae. Rose de Mer peels and resurfaces skin with minimal skin trauma.
Purify and detoxify your back. This is an excellent treatment includes deep pore cleansing, exfoliation, back and shoulder massage.
A couple’s massage can set the tone fore a romantic spa going experience for two because it’s designed to be shared with a significant other. Or guests can simply enjoy some bonging time with a best friend while indulging in a side-by-side services.


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I know most computer gurus and pros never read through program manuals or help files and prefer to learn everything using proverbial method of trial and error. Does this sound like you? Of course. Exceptions are very seldom. So, here’s something nice that will save your time and help your experience with Elcomsoft Wireless Security Auditor (EWSA).
In order to provide a quick but sufficient understanding how to effectively work with EWSA, our friend Sethios has prepared a nice 20-minute video tutorial that includes all steps of work with the program starting with acquiring handshakes and moving on through all following steps.
Was it helpful for your work? You are the judge. But we are always happy to hear from you. Your feedback is the reason we work harder on our software!
If you care about password cracking, hardware acceleration or Wi-Fi protection this interview with our friend Sethioz is certainly for you. Being currently a freelance security tester Sethioz kindly shared his experience in cracking passwords using video cards, which in its turn derived from his gaming interest in cards. His personal experience may be very helpful to those whose concern about password cracking is not trivial.
How did it all start or what was the reason to try to find a Wi-Fi password?


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Bio-inspired algorithms are sort of implementation of natural solutions to solve hard problems – so called NP problems. A seismic hazard is the probability that an earthquake will occur in a given geographic area, within a given window of time, and with ground motion intensity exceeding a given threshold. Seismic hazards prediction is one of the fields where data mining plays an important role. This paper presents a new bio-inspired algorithm motivated by the echolocation behavior of bats for seismic hazard states prediction in coal mines based on previously recorded data. It is a distance calculation based approach, Results were very satisfactory in a manner that encourage us to continue working on this approach. The implementation of the algorithm touches three fields of studies, data discovery or so called data mining, bio inspired techniques, and seismic hazards predictions.
Mining hazards is a subfield of mining activities connected to the dangers. They are the causes of disasters and accidents; mining hazards plays an important role in shaping industrial safety in coal mines. Similar to an earthquake, detection and prediction of seismic hazards present the hardest issue of natural hazards detection. Seismic activity and seismic hazard in underground coal mines occur in case of specific structure of geological deposit and the way of exploitation of coal. The nature of these hazards is influenced by a large number of factors which causes a complex and insufficiently recognized relationships among them. One example of a situation, with a particularly strong intensity, occurs in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin where there are additional conditions connected with: multi-seam structure of deposit, consequences of the long history of exploitation of this area and complex surface infrastructure. In almost all mines of this area there are systems which detect and assess a current degree of seismic hazard (Kabiesz, 2013). Hazard of high-energy destructive tremor which may result in a rock burst is a particular case of one of the major studies of coal mine geophysical stations work. As a phenomenon related with mining seismicity, rock bursts pose a serious hazard to miners and can destroy long walls and equipment.
Biology contains a lot of phenomena that help life keep going. These mechanisms are considered as a good source to inspire different algorithms and solutions for different hard problems in technology era. Over the last few decades, it has stimulated many successful algorithms and computational tools for dealing with complex and optimization problems. The real beauty of nature inspired algorithms lies in the fact that it receives its sole inspiration from nature. With their ability to solve hard problems by describing the complex relationships from intrinsically very simple initial conditions and rules with little or no knowledge of the search space, nature is the perfect example for optimization. All kinds of features or phenomenon in nature, always find the optimal strategy to solve different problems. Computer networks, security, robotics, bio medical engineering, control systems, parallel processing, data mining, power systems, production engineering and many more, covering all fields of computer science, bio inspired algorithm presents a mapping of different strategies existed in nature, it comes up as a new era in computing encompassing a wide range of researches and applications.

industry_corpus2: Technology & Research


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Anthem New Leaks - Plans For At Least 9 Total Strongholds, Bioware Replies & New Update on Tuesday?
Anthem - New Updates! What's Happening With April Update and Sunken Stronghold?
Why Was ANTHEMS Livestream Canceled Today? New Date Set For Anthem Stream!
ANTHEM: ENCORE UN MENSONGE? LE NOUVEAU CONTENU PROMIS N' ARRIVE PAS !
Anthem - New Updates! New Content Beyond Sunken Stronghold. State of Bioware!
Anthem - SITUAÇÃO DA ATUALIZAÇÃO, PATCH NOTES, RESPOSTA DA BIOWARE!
Anthem News - Major Loot Changes Coming New Loot Designer!
Anthem | NEW PATCH + More Info On 'BIG' April Update!

industry_corpus2: Gaming


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Registration fees cover all of the expenses involved with the school that are not related to the salary and benefits of the staff. This includes textbooks, school technology upgrades and expenses, paper, copier maintenance, teaching resources, conferences and memberships, ink and toner, etc. The school works hard to forecast such expenses in advance for the coming year and sets the registration fee accordingly.
There are also additional fees based on consumption and activities for specific grades.
For new students to begin the enrollment process, we require the enrollment form and $100 of the registration fees. This $100 holds your child’s place and is non-refundable. Registration must be paid in full on Registration Day, which is Thursday, August 1st.
The tuition that families pay helps to cover the salary and benefits of our faculty and staff, yet the tuition amount does not cover the full expense of educating each student. The average cost of educating a student in preschool through 8th grade for the 2018-2019 school year was $6,700; however, no family pays that much tuition. The difference is paid by St. John’s Lutheran Church along with the profit from each one of the several fundraisers run by the school every year.
Families who need additional financial assistance are encouraged to contact the school office for more details. Please do not contact the office until your 2018 taxes have been filed, as a copy of your tax forms is used in part to determine your financial need.


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BALLYHORNAN, Northern Ireland — Will Mulhall was an 18-year-old lifeguard on the coast of Northern Ireland's County Down when he took his life savings and bought two Northern Inuit puppies. He wanted big dogs, he said, and was drawn to the wolf-like appearance of the breed.A few weeks later Mulhall received a call from HBO that would change his life — and that of his dogs.Odin and Thor are now better known to "Game of Thrones" fans as Grey Wind and Summer, the direwolves of central characters Robb and Bran Stark.Their roles in the show transformed the dogs from household pets into superstars.They now have their own Instagram account, have been visited by over 400,000 tourists and are insured for more than $1 million each.For locals like Mulhall, the show is much more than an epic tale of battles, ice zombies and dragons.
Not everyone is so gushing about the show's impact on their ancient land. Some have raised concerns about how the sudden influx of tourists may affect the conservation of historic sites.Near the village of Armoy, an avenue of 200-year-old beach trees known as Dark Hedges was used as the show's "Kingsroad." So many fans flocked to the site that it became choked with traffic, something one campaign group labeled a "national disgrace" that's "slowly killing a national treasure."
For many, however, the positive attention is preferable to the way things were before. For decades, Northern Ireland struggled to draw visitors, with many people associating the country with the decadeslong sectarian conflict known as "the Troubles," even after it largely ended in 1998.Van der Kells believes Game of Thrones has helped alter that perception. "We had 40 years of violence. People have got killed, maimed, injured. Now we have fantasy violence, and it is bringing in more money."Rosemary McHugh of Tourism NI, the government's official tourism body, agreed. "It has given us that new narrative … which makes Northern Ireland a more exciting place," she said. "It has put our landscapes and our heritage out there in an exciting way."The show has brought benefits beyond tourism, too, providing ample employment opportunities.Nearly 13,000 extras have been used during shooting in the country according to HBO, including Mulhall and his brothers. Their father, boasting a long silver beard, played a Dothraki slave-master.Much of the cast, including stars Kit Harrington and Maisie Williams, have been guests at The Cuen Inn in the village of Strongmore.The owner, Caroline McEarlean, now serves a popular "Game of Thrones banquet" complete with alcohol served in locally produced goblets modeled after those used by the show's wealthy Lannister family.This attention to detail has paid off. "It is phenomenal. It is the most significant financial impact that in our 29 years of business we have ever experienced," she said. "And it's not going away."Everyone from casting agents to taxidermists has enjoyed a bit of the action. The total benefit to the Northern Irish economy is estimated to be over $240 million over the past decade.But while winter has arrived for the show's characters, Northern Ireland residents are confident the "Game of Thrones" boom will not die when season 8 ends."There is going to be a legacy," van der Kells said. "The thing has got such cult status now I think people will come over and over again."


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Composite decks are made from slip-resistant and splinter-free materials. Not only does this make it safe for your own feet, it helps protect the bare feet of small children and pets. Additionally, while composite decks will eventually react to heat, they’ll do so at a higher temperature than a traditional wood deck.
There are many advantages to Seventrust composite decking over traditional wood decks. Most people love the look of wooden decks, but some of the problems that come with wood decks aren't so enjoyable. With Seventrust composite decking materials you can have the look of beautiful natural wood without the bother.
Composite Decking Edmonton Prices Suppliers, all Quality.
Composite Decking in Edmonton | Cedar Village - Allweather.
An increasing number of savvy homeowners are choosing composite decking in Edmonton, and it’s easy to understand why. Designed to last, composite decking is resistant to fading, staining, scratching and mould.
Composite Decking | Kijiji in Edmonton. - Buy, Sell & Save.
Find Composite Decking in Canada | Visit Kijiji Classifieds to buy, sell, or trade almost anything! New and used items, cars, real estate, jobs, services, vacation rentals and more virtually anywhere in Edmonton.
Composite is a great choice for homes with kids because it’s super durable, infinitely smooth on bare feet, and absolutely sliver-free. The adults will love it because of composites natural immunity to mould, fungi, twisting, warping, bugs, and basically anything else that is a usual deck nightmare.
Cedar Decks in Edmonton | Cedar Village - Allweather Wood Ltd.
professional Installations of Cedar Decks, Composite Decking and Vinyl Decking. While we’re happy to help you build a do-it-yourself deck, Cedar Village also offers professional installations of beautiful custom decks made of cedar or of easy-to-maintain composite decking.
Your one stop deck shop. We carry the best quality decking materials, components and hardware from the top brands in the market such as Seventrust, Timbertech, AZEK, Fiberon, Moisture Shield, and ProBuilt.