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Bridge over Troubled Water
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For the song, see Bridge over Troubled Water (song). For the Paul Desmond album, see Bridge over Troubled Water (Paul Desmond album).
Bridge over Troubled Water
Studio album by Simon & Garfunkel
Released
January 26, 1970
Recorded
November 1969
Studio
Studio B and Studio E, Columbia Studio Building, 49 East 52nd Street, New York City; CBS Columbia Square, Los Angeles[1][2]
Length
36:29
Label
Columbia
Producer
Paul Simon, Art Garfunkel, Roy Halee
Simon & Garfunkel chronology
Bookends
(1968)Bookends1968 Bridge over Troubled Water
(1970) Simon and Garfunkel's Greatest Hits
(1972)Simon and Garfunkel's Greatest Hits1972
Singles from Bridge over Troubled Water
"The Boxer"
Released: April 1969
"Bridge over Troubled Water"
Released: January 1970
"Cecilia"
Released: April 1970
"El Condor Pasa (If I Could)"
Released: September 1970
Bridge over Troubled Water is the fifth and final studio album by American folk rock duo Simon & Garfunkel, released in January 1970 on Columbia Records. Following the duo's soundtrack for The Graduate, Art Garfunkel took an acting role in the film Catch-22, while Paul Simon worked on the songs, writing all tracks except Felice and Boudleaux Bryant's "Bye Bye Love" (previously a hit for the Everly Brothers).
With the help of producer Roy Halee, the album followed a similar musical pattern as their Bookends, partly abandoning their traditional style in favor of a more creative sound, combining rock, R&B, gospel, jazz, world music, pop and other genres. After filming Catch-22, Garfunkel returned and the duo recorded around 14 tracks, three of which were not featured in the album. The inclusion of a 12th track was long discussed but they eventually decided upon 11 songs. It was described as both their "most effortless record and their most ambitious."[3]
Bridge over Troubled Water was released on January 26, 1970, and several re-releases followed. The album was mixed and released in both stereo and quadraphonic. Columbia Records released a 40th Anniversary Edition on March 8, 2011, which includes two DVDs, including the politically themed TV special Songs of America (1969), the documentary The Harmony Game, additional liner notes and a booklet. Other reissues contain bonus tracks, such as the 2001 version, which covers the demo tapes of "Feuilles-O" and "Bridge over Troubled Water".
Despite numerous accolades, the duo decided to split up, and parted company later in 1970; Garfunkel continued his film career, while Simon worked intensely with music. Both artists released solo albums in the following years. Bridge includes two of the duo's most critically acclaimed and commercially successful songs, "Bridge over Troubled Water" and "The Boxer", which were listed on Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Songs of All Time. Critically and commercially successful, the album topped the charts in over ten countries and received two Grammy Awards, plus four more for the title song. It sold around 25 million records and was ranked on several lists, including at number 51 on Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Albums of All Time.
The story of the making of the album is told in the 72 minute documentary The Harmony Game (2011), featuring interviews with both Simon & Garfunkel and various collaborators.
Contents
[hide]
1 Background
2 Content
2.1 Side One
2.2 Side two
3 Releases
4 Reception and legacy
4.1 Aftermath
5 Track listing
6 Personnel
7 Charts
7.1 Weekly charts
7.2 40th Anniversary Edition
7.3 Year-end charts
7.4 Decade-end charts
7.5 Singles
8 Certifications
9 References
10 Bibliography
11 External links
Background[edit]
Simon & Garfunkel, initially "Tom & Jerry", were already successful in the music industry. Their Parsley, Sage, Rosemary and Thyme, the soundtrack album for Mike Nichols' film The Graduate and Bookends peaked at number three, two and one in the US Billboard 200, respectively,[4] with the first and latter selling 3 million copies and 2 million copies in the United States alone.[5] Art Garfunkel took the role of Captain Nately in another Nichols film, Catch-22, based on the novel of the same name. Initially Paul Simon was to play the character of Dunbar, but screenwriter Buck Henry felt the film was already crowded with characters and subsequently wrote Simon's part out.[1][6] The unexpectedly long film production endangered the relationship between the duo;[6] Garfunkel later stated in a 1990 interview with Paul Zollo in SongTalk magazine: "our way of working was for Paul to write while we recorded. So we'd be in the studio for the better part of two months working on the three or four songs that Paul had written, recording them, and when they were done, we'd knock off for a couple of months while Paul was working on the next group of three or four songs. Then we'd book time and be in the studio again for three or four months, recording those ... rather than wait for Paul to write the next bunch of songs, I went off and did this movie."[7]
Content[edit]
The filming of Catch-22 began in January 1969 and lasted about eight months.[8][9] Simon had not completed any new songs at this point, and the duo planned to collaborate when the filming would be finished. Roy Halee would produce the album, and as was the case with their most recent studio album, Bookends, they created an experimental sound, moving away from typical folk rock and instead exploring new genres.[6]
Bridge over Troubled Water was also the duo's first album to credit the backing musicians in the liner notes. The credited musicians were Simon and Fred Carter, Jr. on guitars, and Hal Blaine on drums, Joe Osborn on bass and Larry Knechtel on keyboards, all of whom were famous Wrecking Crew members.[10][11]
Side One[edit]
As Simon and Garfunkel were working busily on recording, they had to decline invitations to perform, including at the Woodstock Festival.[12][13] Simon wrote "Bridge over Troubled Water".[14] Simon wanted a gospel piano sound, and so he hired session musician Larry Knechtel. The song was initially two verses long, but Garfunkel felt the song was too short, and asked Knechtel to play a third verse, to which Simon would write more lyrics. Osborn played two bass guitar parts, one high and the other low. Blaine recorded the drums in an echo chamber, to achieve a hall effect. A horn section rounded off the track. Due to a series of factors, the duo had to work on a new tape; an arranger falsely labeled the song as "Like a Pitcher of Water" and wrote Garfunkel's name incorrectly (GarFunkel), and the string part was unsatisfactory.[15]
Simon and Garfunkel then returned to New York to record the vocals.[16][17][18] The vocal style in "Bridge over Troubled Water" was inspired by Phil Spector's technique in "Old Man River" by The Righteous Brothers.[19] After two months the song was finalized. Simon himself admitted that it sounded like the Beatles' "Let It Be", stating in a Rolling Stone interview: "They are very similar songs, certainly in instrumentation ..."[20] The song has been covered by over 50 artists since then,[21] including Elvis Presley and Johnny Cash.[22]
"Bridge Over Troubled Water" was influenced by the gospel music to which Simon was listening at that time, especially the Swan Silvertones and their song "Mary Don't You Weep".[23] The name of the title track was inspired by the latter's line "I'll be your bridge over deep water, if you trust in my name". According to gospel producer and historian Anthony Heilbut, Simon later acknowledged his musical debt to Claude Jeter in person, and additionally handed Jeter a check as compensation.[24] "Bridge over Troubled Water" was addressed to Simon's wife Peggy, whom he'd met that year. The "silver girl" in the song refers to her, and her first gray hairs, and not to a drugged hypodermic needle, as was believed by some in the United States.[25] Simon asked Garfunkel to sing lead on the song, and although Garfunkel initially refused this proposal and suggested that Simon should sing falsetto, later agreed to sing. Simon initially composed the song in G major, but arranger and composer Jimmie Haskell transposed the song to E-flat major to suit Garfunkel's voice.[14]
"El Cóndor Pasa (If I Could)" is a Peruvian song based on traditional Andean music. Simon relied on erroneous information from Jorge Milchberg of Los Incas about the collection of royalties for his arrangement of song. Simon wrongfully thought it to be a traditional song and thus not restricted by copyright law, but in reality it was written by Peruvian Daniel Alomía Robles. His son Armando Robles Godoy filed a successful lawsuit later that year in 1970, citing that he held the song's copyright in the United States since his father's 1933 filing.[26] Simon wrote English lyrics to the instrumental recording by Los Incas,[27][21] and the song later became a forerunner of Simon's world music era as a solo artist.[28]
In the summer of 1969, Simon, his wife Peggy and Garfunkel rented a house on Blue Jay Way in Los Angeles, as Garfunkel did not want to withdraw from Catch-22, which was being filmed on the West Coast. In this session, the duo experimented on a new song with numerous objects to create unusual sounds, such as a falling bundle of drum sticks. Garfunkel had a cassette recorder with a reverberation effect, so that each sound received an echo. When finished, Simon gave the tape to Halee, who then worked on the song, condensing sounds and copying them. The song features Simon as percussionist on the xylophone, an instrument he had never played before, and as acoustic guitarist. He began with a random line, "You're breaking my heart. I'm down on my knees," and when finished it was what later became "Cecilia". The drummer was again Blaine,[29][30] and Simon's brother Eddie played on guitar.[21] The song is about an unfaithful girl who invites another lover to her bed, while the singer (the first) is in the bathroom. David Browne suggested that the name may be derived from the patron of music, Saint Cecilia.[31] It has an unusually fast tempo compared to their prior songs.[29]
Featuring the rockabilly style of The Everly Brothers,[32] "Keep the Customer Satisfied" recounts the exhausting tours that Simon grew tired of, a similar theme to that of their earlier song "Homeward Bound".
"So Long, Frank Lloyd Wright" is a tribute to the architect Frank Lloyd Wright but also to Garfunkel, who wanted to train as an architect. It chronicles the early career of the duo and predicts their future split up. At the end Halee shouts "So long already, Artie", a portentous message.[33] Simon plays here a guitar style that has been described as Latin jazz[34] and bossa nova. Congas additionally contribute to the South American sound.[35]
Side two[edit]
The recordings for the folk ballad "The Boxer", which was already partly written by Simon in 1968 and released in March 1969 (it debuted on the WLS 89 Hit Parade at No. 38 on 31 March 1969),[36][37] became one of the longest and toughest in the duo's career. The session lasted over 100 hours and took place at several locations. The second, main part was recorded in Nashville, at Columbia Studios, December 6–8, 1968. The third, final part and the horns were recorded inside St. Paul's Chapel at Columbia University (Garfunkel's alma mater), and the strings at Columbia Studios. The song features Simon and Fred Carter, Jr. playing Martin guitars.[1] The echoing drums were played by Blaine in a corridor.[30][38] Other instruments include Bob Moore playing contra bass, tuba, Charlie McCoy playing harmonica, Pete Drake playing pedal steel guitar, Dobro[39] and a piccolo flute.[40] Bill Janovitz from AllMusic describes the song as "country, folk, orchestrated pop, and Ennio Morricone Spaghetti Western soundtrack material".[39] Simon & Garfunkel became the first musicians to use 16-track recording, but as only two 8-track recorders were available, both had to be carefully manually synchronized to produce a clear sound.[41]
"Baby Driver", an uptempo and happy rock and roll song,[42] already released as a B-side of "The Boxer", tells about a boy who lives a comfortable life in a protected home, but who searches for adventures and one day decides to have his first sexual experience.[43][44] The recording features car noises, Beach Boys-like singing parts and absurd syllables.[45] Edgar Wright's 2017 action comedy film Baby Driver is named after the song, which is played at the end credits.[46]
"The Only Living Boy in New York", "with its mix of strumming acoustic guitars, start-and-stop drums, and a far-off wall of harmonies", has, according to Bill Janovitz of AllMusic, similarities with some of Elton John's songs, especially "Rocket Man". In an interview with SongTalk, Simon guessed that 12 to 15 voices were used to record the "aaah"s, while Garfunkel said that he proposed those lines, stating "It's us around eight times screaming, and we mixed it down very softly ... I started getting into open-mouth harmony, in a very loud, strident way. We were screaming at the top of our lungs and inside an echo chamber. I remember that day that Dylan dropped by to visit. We came out of the booth after all this screaming, and there he was."[47] Simon wrote "The Only Living Boy in New York" while Garfunkel was filming in Mexico, and is about the resulting isolation he felt in New York.[48]
"Why Don't You Write Me", deals with separation from Simon's wife in a jungle.[48] In this song Simon experimented with the nascent genre of reggae for the first time,[31] a style he later explored in his solo career, most notably in "Mother and Child Reunion".[44]
Following the end of filming of Catch-22 in October, the first performance of their tour took place in Ames, Iowa. The concert included The Everly Brothers' "Bye Bye Love", backed by the audience's hand clapping. Simon & Garfunkel were fascinated with its sound, so they repeated it a second time for a recording; while the first try failed, they liked the second attempt and included the latter on Bridge over Trouble Water.[49] The US leg of the tour ended in the sold-out Carnegie Hall on November 27.[50] Three days later, their show Songs of America was broadcast on CBS just one time on November 30, 1969,[51] after which it was banned. After numerous fan letters suggesting that they not intervene in politics but simply continue doing music, the duo did not release any similar TV specials.[52] "Bye Bye Love" became a farewell song and a sign of a new career.[53]
The album's final song, "Song for the Asking," represents an "olive branch" extended by the duo to each other and holding open the possibility of reconciliation and further collaboration.
Releases[edit]
After breaking for Christmas, the duo continued working on the album in early 1970 and finished it in late January. Eleven tracks were featured on this album; one finished song, "Cuba Si, Nixon No", as well as other additional tracks were excluded. Garfunkel did not like this song and proposed instead a chorale, entitled "Feuilles-O", with which Simon disagreed. After a discussion, they decided to not include more tracks.[54]
Bridge over Troubled Water charted in over 11 countries,[clarification needed] topping the charts in 10 countries, including the US Billboard 200 and the UK Albums Chart.[55][56] It was the best-selling album in 1970, 1971 and 1972 and was at that time the best-selling album of all time.[37] It remained CBS Records' best-selling album until the release of Michael Jackson's Thriller in 1982.[57] The album topped the Billboard 200 charts for 10 weeks and stayed on the charts for 85 weeks.[37] According to Columbia Records, 1.7 million copies were sold in the first three weeks in the United States.[35] In the United Kingdom, the album topped the charts for 35 weeks, and spent 285 weeks in the top 100, from 1970 to 1975.[37] Furthermore, it received 8× Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), and 4× Platinum in Canada.[37] Bridge over Troubled Water has since sold 3,163,789 copies in the UK,[58] and over 25 million copies worldwide.[59]
The songs "Cuba Si, Nixon No", "Groundhog", and the demo "Feuilles-O" were recorded during sessions but not released on the album.[60][61] "Cuba Si, Nixon No" was later released on a bootleg recording of a November 11, 1969 concert by Simon and Garfunkel at Miami University in Oxford, Ohio,[62] while the demo recording of "Feuilles-O" was later released on the Old Friends and The Columbia Studio Recordings (1964–1970) box sets.[61] A remastered and expanded version of the album was released on compact disc in 2001, containing the demo versions of "Feuilles-O" and "Bridge over Troubled Water." It was remastered by Vic Anesini.[61] Garfunkel later recorded "Feuilles-Oh/Do Space Men Pass Dead Souls on Their Way to the Moon?" on his debut solo album Angel Clare, and as the flip-side to his single, "I Shall Sing", from the same album.[63]
Columbia Records released a 40th Anniversary Edition on March 8, 2011, comprising three discs. The first disc features the original album and the second disc contains the entirety of Live 1969, which had been released three years earlier as an exclusive at Starbucks. The third disc, a DVD, consisted of the television special Songs of America, which originally aired in 1969 on CBS and unavailable since its original broadcast, and a new documentary The Harmony Game about the making of the album. Songs of America comprised footage of the 1969 tour, intimate backstage conversations, and historic news clips; it had elicited controversy owing to the duo's political comments regarding the Vietnam War and the direction of American society at the time. The Harmony Game featured new 2010 interviews with Simon, Garfunkel, producer Roy Halee, and more principals involved with the making of the album. The 1969 special runs for approximately 52 minutes 37 seconds, while the 2010 documentary runs for approximately 70 minutes 54 seconds. A booklet of liner notes, photos, and essays by critics Michael Hill and Anthony DeCurtis was also included.[64][61]
The album is also included in its entirety as part of the Simon & Garfunkel box sets Collected Works and The Columbia Studio Recordings (1964–1970).
Reception and legacy[edit]
Professional ratings
Review scores
Source
Rating
AllMusic [65]
American Songwriter [66]
Blender [67]
Encyclopedia of Popular Music [68]
Entertainment Weekly A−[69]
Pitchfork 9.4/10[3]
Q [70]
Rolling Stone [71]
Uncut [72]
The Village Voice B[73]
Bridge over Troubled Water received a generally positive critical reception. The record was both criticized and lauded for its individual sound that incorporated genres ranging from rock, R&B, gospel and jazz to world music and pop. Writing in Melody Maker in February 1970, Richard Williams identified "a few dull moments" on the album, adding "but they're worth enduring for the jewels they surround". Williams concluded: "Not, perhaps, another classic like Bookends, but still worth hearing for Simon's constantly surprising timing, and for the way he can make his guitar sound like a small orchestra and the orchestra sound like a big guitar ..."[74] According to Steve Horowitz of PopMatters, contemporary critics compared the album to The Beatles' White Album "in that one can hear the incipient break up of the band in the way they separately perform the material".[64]
Among retrospective reviews, Bruce Eder of AllMusic said that Bridge over Troubled Water was "perhaps the most delicately textured album to close out the 1960s from any major rock act", especially in a time of troubles in the United States.[65] Author and critic David Browne noted the album's "sonic warmth and richness".[31] Although Stephen M. Deusner of Pitchfork also praised the unique sound, he added that "Bridge sounds like a unified statement enlivened by styles and rhythms not often heard on pop radio at the juncture of those two decades."[3]
In a 2001 review for Uncut, Ian MacDonald found the album "overproduced and underwritten", adding: "Where Bookends is succinct, dry, and disciplined, Bridge ... is self-satisfied, sentimental, mediocre, and overblown. Even its best song, 'The Boxer', is needlessly inflated and protracted."[72] Writing for MusicHound, Leland Rucker acknowledged that the duo's 1970 album "is considered their masterpiece", but he opined: "today it sounds top-heavy, overproduced, and too precious for its own good."[75] Conversely, Q magazine deemed Bridge over Troubled Water to be Simon & Garfunkel's best and most consistent work, "notable for the strength of its melodies, the force of its lyrics and the Abbey Road-style sophistication of its production".[70] In his book The Encyclopedia of Popular Music, Colin Larkin admires the album as a "celebrated" work that includes a "classic single" ("The Boxer") and a title song that "became a standard with Garfunkel's angelic vocal set perfectly matched to the lush, orchestral arrangement and contrasting tempo".[76] Joe Nolan of American Songwriter notes that "the pair were never more popular or commercially successful than they were with the release of Bridge over Troubled Water".[66]
The album won a Grammy Award for Album of the Year, as well as for Best Engineered Recording, while its title track won the Grammy Award for Record of the Year, Song of the Year, Contemporary Song of the Year and the Instrumental Arrangement of the Year in 1971. Bridge over Troubled Water was nominated at the first Brit Awards for Best International Album and its title track for Best International Single in 1977.[77] In 2003, it was ranked at No. 51 on Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Albums of All Time.[78] In December 1993, The Times ranked the album at number 20 on its "The Vultures 100 Best Albums of all Time".[79] The album was also included in the book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die.[80]
Chris Charlesworth, author of The Complete Guide to the Music of Paul Simon and Simon & Garfunkel, gave a mixed reception, noting that seven songs ("Bridge over Troubled Water", "El Condor Pasa", "So Long, Frank Lloyd Wright", "The Boxer", "The Only Living Boy in New York", "Bye Bye Love" and "Song for the Asking") were outstanding or good, while the rest, mainly uptempo ones, were for him "throwaway" recordings. He was surprised at its success.[81]
Aftermath[edit]
As was the case during the recordings of Bridge over Troubled Water, both musicians became rather independent. Garfunkel took a role in another Mike Nichols film, Carnal Knowledge, in the role of Sandy, for which he later earned a Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actor nomination.[82] Filming started in May 1970. Meanwhile, Simon attended a one-week songwriting course at New York University, studied music theory and listened to numerous types of music. The duo's last performance at that time was in the Forest Hills Stadium in the summer(18, July) of 1970. Simon worked on his second studio (and first post-Simon & Garfunkel) solo album between January and March 1971, which was later released as Paul Simon, while Garfunkel revived his music career with Angel Clare, released in September 1973.[83][84][85]
Track listing[edit]
All tracks written by Paul Simon except where noted.
Side one
No.
Title
Writer(s)
Recorded
Length
1. "Bridge over Troubled Water" November 9, 1969 4:52
2. "El Condor Pasa (If I Could)" Daniel Alomía Robles, arranged by Jorge Milchberg and English lyrics by Paul Simon November 2, 1969 3:06
3. "Cecilia" November 2, 1969 2:55
4. "Keep the Customer Satisfied" November 2, 1969 2:33
5. "So Long, Frank Lloyd Wright" November 9, 1969 3:41
Side two
No.
Title
Writer(s)
Recorded
Length
6. "The Boxer" Simon, Art Garfunkel November 8, 1968 5:08
7. "Baby Driver" November 2, 1969 3:14
8. "The Only Living Boy in New York" November 15, 1969 3:58
9. "Why Don't You Write Me" November 8, 1969 2:45
10. "Bye Bye Love" (Live recording from Ames, Iowa) Felice Bryant, Boudleaux Bryant November 14, 1969 2:55
11. "Song for the Asking" November 1, 1969 1:49
[show]Bonus tracks (2001 CD reissue)
No.
Title
Writer(s)
Recorded
Length
12. "Feuilles-O (Demo)" Traditional, arranged by Simon, Art Garfunkel August 11, 1969 1:45
13. "Bridge over Troubled Water (Demo Take 6)" (Previously unreleased) August 13, 1969 4:46
Personnel[edit]
Paul Simon – lead vocals, acoustic guitar, percussion
Art Garfunkel – lead vocals, percussion
Los Incas – Peruvian instruments
Joe Osborn – bass guitar
Larry Knechtel – piano, Hammond organ, electric piano
Fred Carter, Jr. – acoustic & electric guitars
Peter Drake – Dobro, pedal steel guitar[39]
Hal Blaine – drums, percussion
Jimmie Haskell and Ernie Freeman – strings
Jon Faddis, Randy Brecker, Lew Soloff & Alan Rubin - brass[citation needed]
Unknown - Woodwinds
Buddy Harman - percussion
Bob Moore – double bass
Roy Halee – engineer and co-producer
Charts[edit]
Weekly charts[edit]
Chart
Peak
position
Australian Kent Music Report Chart[86] 1
Canadian RPM Albums Chart[87] 1
Dutch Mega Albums Chart[88] 1
French SNEP Albums Chart[89] 1
Italian Albums Chart[90] 4
Japanese Oricon LP Chart[91] 1
Norwegian VG-lista Albums Chart[92] 1
Spanish Album Charts[93] 1
Swedish Albums Chart[94] 1
UK Singles Chart[95] 1
US Billboard 200[55] 1
West German Media Control Albums Chart[96] 1
40th Anniversary Edition[edit]
Chart (2011)
Position
Belgian Albums Chart (Flanders)[97] 43
Belgian Albums Chart (Wallonia)[98] 33
Dutch Mega Albums Chart[99] 29
French SNEP Albums Chart[100] 152
Spanish Albums Chart[101] 70
Japanese Oricon Albums Chart[102] 25
Norwegian VG-lista Albums Chart[103] 22
UK Albums Chart[95] 47
US Billboard 200[104] 167
US Billboard Top Catalog Albums[104] 19
Year-end charts[edit]
Chart (1970)
Position
Australian Albums Chart[86] 1
French Albums Chart[105] 1
Italian Albums Chart[90] 8
Japanese Albums Chart[106] 6
UK Albums Chart[107] 1
US Billboard Pop Albums[108] 1
Chart (1971)
Position
Australian Albums Chart[86] 23
Japanese Albums Chart[106] 2
US Billboard Pop Albums[109] 55
UK Albums Chart[107] 1
Chart (1972)
Position
UK Albums Chart[107] 6
Decade-end charts[edit]
Chart (1970–79)
Position
UK Albums Chart[107] 1
Singles[edit]
Single
Chart
Position
"Bridge over Troubled Water" Australian Kent Music Report Chart[86] 2
Austrian Ö3 Top 40 Chart[110] 4
Dutch Mega Albums Chart[111] 5
Norwegian VG-lista Albums Chart[112] 7
UK Singles Chart[113] 1
US Billboard Hot 100[55] 1
US Billboard Adult Contemporary Chart[55] 1
West German Media Control Albums Chart[114] 3
"Cecilia" Australian Kent Music Report Chart[86] 6
Austrian Ö3 Top 40 Chart[110] 6
Dutch Mega Albums Chart[111] 1
US Billboard Hot 100[55] 4
West German Media Control Albums Chart[114] 2
"El Condor Pasa (If I Could)" Australian Kent Music Report Chart[86] 1
Austrian Ö3 Top 40 Chart[110] 1
Dutch Mega Albums Chart[111] 1
US Billboard Hot 100[55] 18
US Billboard Adult Contemporary Chart[55] 6
West German Media Control Albums Chart[114] 1
Certifications[edit]
Region
Certification
Certified units/Sales
Austria (IFPI Austria)[115]
Platinum 50,000*
Canada (Music Canada)[116]
4× Platinum 400,000^
Finland (Musiikkituottajat)[117]
Gold 25,000[117]
France (SNEP)[118]
Platinum 573,500[119]
Germany (BVMI)[120]
Platinum 500,000^
Japan (Oricon)
441,000[121]
Switzerland (IFPI Switzerland)[122]
Gold 25,000^
United Kingdom (BPI)[123]
10× Platinum 3,163,789[58]
United States (RIAA)[124]
8× Platinum 8,000,000^
*sales figures based on certification alone
^shipments figures based on certification alone
References[edit]
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Jump up ^ "サイモン&ガーファンクル-リリース (Highest position and charting weeks of Bridge over Troubled Water, 40th Anniversary Edition, by Simon & Garfunkel)". Oricon Style. oricon.co.jp (in Japanese). Archived from the original on July 16, 2012. Retrieved February 4, 2012.
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Bibliography[edit]
Bennighof, James (2007). The Words and Music of Paul Simon. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-275-99163-0.
Browne, David (2012). Fire and Rain: The Beatles, Simon and Garfunkel, James Taylor, CSNY, and the Lost Story Of 1970. Da Capo Press. ISBN 978-0-306-82072-4.
Charlesworth, Chris (1997). "Bridge Over Troubled Water". The Complete Guide to the Music of Paul Simon and Simon & Garfunkel. Omnibus Press. ISBN 0-7119-5597-2.
Ebel, Roswitha (2004). Paul Simon: seine Musik, sein Leben [Paul Simon: His Music, His Life] (in German). epubli. ISBN 978-3-937729-00-8.
Eliot, Marc (2010). Paul Simon: A Life. John Wiley and Sons. ISBN 978-0-470-43363-8.
Fornatale, Pete (2007). Simon and Garfunkel's Bookends. Rodale. ISBN 978-1-59486-427-8.
Graff, Gary; Durchholz, Daniel (eds) (1999). MusicHound Rock: The Essential Album Guide. Farmington Hills, MI: Visible Ink Press. ISBN 1-57859-061-2. CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list (link)
Humphries, Patrick (1982). Bookends: the Simon and Garfunkel story. Proteus Books.
Kingston, Victoria (2000). Simon & Garfunkel: The Biography. Fromm International. ISBN 978-0-88064-246-0.
Larkin, Colin (2011). The Encyclopedia of Popular Music (5th ed.). London: Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-0-85712-595-8.
External links[edit]
Biography Paul Simon and Garfunkel
Simon and Garfunkel: Songs of America
The Harmony Game
[show]
v
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Simon & Garfunkel
Paul Simon
Art Garfunkel
Studio albums
Wednesday Morning, 3 A.M.
Sounds of Silence
Parsley, Sage, Rosemary and Thyme
Bookends
Bridge over Troubled Water
Live albums
The Concert in Central Park
Live from New York City, 1967
Old Friends: Live on Stage
Live 1969
Compilation albums
Simon and Garfunkel's Greatest Hits
Collected Works
The Simon and Garfunkel Collection
20 Greatest Hits
The Definitive Simon and Garfunkel
Old Friends
The Best of Simon and Garfunkel
Two Can Dream Alone
Tales from New York: The Very Best of Simon & Garfunkel
The Columbia Studio Recordings (1964–1970)
Tom & Jerry
The Essential Simon & Garfunkel
The Collection: Simon & Garfunkel
Simon & Garfunkel: The Complete Albums Collection
Soundtrack albums
The Graduate
Videos
The Concert in Central Park
Old Friends: Live on Stage
Discographies
Simon & Garfunkel
Art Garfunkel
Paul Simon
Other
Songs recorded
Paul Simon solo albums
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Art Garfunkel solo albums
Bridge over Troubled Water (Paul Desmond album)
Book
Category
[show]
v
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Grammy Award for Album of the Year
1959–1979
The Music from Peter Gunn – Henry Mancini (1959)
Come Dance with Me! – Frank Sinatra (1960)
The Button-Down Mind of Bob Newhart – Bob Newhart (1961)
Judy at Carnegie Hall – Judy Garland (1962)
The First Family – Vaughn Meader (1963)
The Barbra Streisand Album – Barbra Streisand (1964)
Getz/Gilberto – Stan Getz, João Gilberto (1965)
September of My Years – Frank Sinatra (1966)
A Man and His Music – Frank Sinatra (1967)
Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band – The Beatles (1968)
By the Time I Get to Phoenix – Glen Campbell (1969)
Blood, Sweat & Tears – Blood, Sweat & Tears (1970)
Bridge over Troubled Water – Simon & Garfunkel (1971)
Tapestry – Carole King (1972)
The Concert for Bangladesh – Various (1973)
Innervisions – Stevie Wonder (1974)
Fulfillingness' First Finale – Stevie Wonder (1975)
Still Crazy After All These Years – Paul Simon (1976)
Songs in the Key of Life – Stevie Wonder (1977)
Rumours – Fleetwood Mac (1978)
Saturday Night Fever – Bee Gees/Various (1979)
1980–2000
52nd Street – Billy Joel (1980)
Christopher Cross – Christopher Cross (1981)
Double Fantasy – John Lennon and Yoko Ono (1982)
Toto IV – Toto (1983)
Thriller – Michael Jackson (1984)
Can't Slow Down – Lionel Richie (1985)
No Jacket Required – Phil Collins (1986)
Graceland – Paul Simon (1987)
The Joshua Tree – U2 (1988)
Faith – George Michael (1989)
Nick of Time – Bonnie Raitt (1990)
Back on the Block – Quincy Jones and various artists (1991)
Unforgettable... with Love – Natalie Cole (1992)
Unplugged – Eric Clapton (1993)
The Bodyguard – Whitney Houston (1994)
MTV Unplugged – Tony Bennett (1995)
Jagged Little Pill – Alanis Morissette (1996)
Falling into You – Celine Dion (1997)
Time Out of Mind – Bob Dylan (1998)
The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill – Lauryn Hill (1999)
Supernatural – Santana (2000)
2001–present
Two Against Nature – Steely Dan (2001)
O Brother, Where Art Thou? Soundtrack (2002)
Come Away with Me – Norah Jones (2003)
Speakerboxxx/The Love Below – Outkast (2004)
Genius Loves Company – Ray Charles and various artists (2005)
How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb – U2 (2006)
Taking the Long Way – Dixie Chicks (2007)
River: The Joni Letters – Herbie Hancock (2008)
Raising Sand – Robert Plant & Alison Krauss (2009)
Fearless – Taylor Swift (2010)
The Suburbs – Arcade Fire (2011)
21 – Adele (2012)
Babel – Mumford & Sons (2013)
Random Access Memories – Daft Punk (2014)
Morning Phase – Beck (2015)
1989 – Taylor Swift (2016)
25 – Adele (2017)
[show]
v
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Billboard Year-End number one albums
1956–1975
1956: Calypso – Harry Belafonte
1957: Music from My Fair Lady – Original Cast
1958: Music from My Fair Lady – Original Cast
1959: The Music from Peter Gunn – Henry Mancini
1960: Music from The Sound of Music – Original Cast
1961: Camelot – Original Cast
1962: West Side Story – Soundtrack
1963: West Side Story – Soundtrack
1964: Music from Hello, Dolly! – Original Cast
1965: Music from Mary Poppins – Soundtrack
1966: Whipped Cream & Other Delights – Herb Alpert & the Tijuana Brass
1967: More of the Monkees – The Monkees
1968: Are You Experienced – The Jimi Hendrix Experience
1969: In-A-Gadda-Da-Vida – Iron Butterfly
1970: Bridge over Troubled Water – Simon & Garfunkel
1971: Jesus Christ Superstar – Soundtrack
1972: Harvest – Neil Young
1973: The World Is a Ghetto – War
1974: Goodbye Yellow Brick Road – Elton John
1975: Greatest Hits – Elton John
1976–2000
1976: Frampton Comes Alive! – Peter Frampton
1977: Rumours – Fleetwood Mac
1978: Saturday Night Fever – Soundtrack
1979: 52nd Street – Billy Joel
1980: The Wall – Pink Floyd
1981: Hi Infidelity – REO Speedwagon
1982: Asia – Asia
1983: Thriller – Michael Jackson
1984: Thriller – Michael Jackson
1985: Born in the U.S.A. – Bruce Springsteen
1986: Whitney Houston – Whitney Houston
1987: Slippery When Wet – Bon Jovi
1988: Faith – George Michael
1989: Don't Be Cruel – Bobby Brown
1990: Janet Jackson's Rhythm Nation 1814 – Janet Jackson
1991: Mariah Carey – Mariah Carey
1992: Ropin' the Wind – Garth Brooks
1993: The Bodyguard – Soundtrack
1994: The Sign – Ace of Base
1995: Cracked Rear View – Hootie & the Blowfish
1996: Jagged Little Pill – Alanis Morissette
1997: Spice – Spice Girls
1998: Titanic: Music from the Motion Picture – James Horner
1999: Millennium – Backstreet Boys
2000: No Strings Attached – NSYNC
2001–present
2001: 1 – The Beatles
2002: The Eminem Show – Eminem
2003: Get Rich or Die Tryin' – 50 Cent
2004: Confessions – Usher
2005: The Massacre – 50 Cent
2006: Some Hearts – Carrie Underwood
2007: Daughtry – Daughtry
2008: As I Am – Alicia Keys
2009: Fearless – Taylor Swift
2010: I Dreamed a Dream – Susan Boyle
2011: 21 – Adele
2012: 21 – Adele
2013: The 20/20 Experience – Justin Timberlake
2014: Frozen – Soundtrack
2015: 1989 – Taylor Swift
2016: 25 – Adele
2017: Damn – Kendrick Lamar
[show]
v
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UK best-selling albums (by year) (1970–1989)
1970: Bridge over Troubled Water (Simon & Garfunkel)
1971: Bridge over Troubled Water (Simon & Garfunkel)
1972: 20 Dynamic Hits (Various Artists)
1973: Don't Shoot Me I'm Only the Piano Player (Elton John)
1974: The Singles: 1969–1973 (The Carpenters)
1975: The Best of The Stylistics (The Stylistics)
1976: Greatest Hits (ABBA)
1977: Arrival (ABBA)
1978: Saturday Night Fever (Original Soundtrack)
1979: Parallel Lines (Blondie)
1980: Super Trouper (ABBA)
1981: Kings of the Wild Frontier (Adam and the Ants)
1982: Love Songs (Barbra Streisand)
1983: Thriller (Michael Jackson)
1984: Can't Slow Down (Lionel Richie)
1985: Brothers in Arms (Dire Straits)
1986: True Blue (Madonna)
1987: Bad (Michael Jackson)
1988: Kylie (Kylie Minogue)
1989: Ten Good Reasons (Jason Donovan)
Complete list
(1956–1969)
(1970–1989)
(1990–2009)
(2010–2029)
[show]
Chart succession
Preceded by
Motown Chartbusters Volume 3 by Various artists
Let It Be by The Beatles
Self Portrait by Bob Dylan
Get Yer Ya-Ya's Out! The Rolling Stones in Concert by The Rolling Stones
Paranoid by Black Sabbath
Andy Williams's Greatest Hits by Andy Williams
Tarkus by Emerson, Lake & Palmer
Top of the Pops, Volume 18 by Various Artists UK Albums Chart number-one album (33 weeks)
February 14 – May 22, 1970 (13 weeks)
June 13 – July 11, 1970 (4 weeks)
July 18 – August 22, 1970 (5 weeks)
October 3–10, 1970
October 17–24, 1970
January 16 – February 6, 1971 (3 weeks)
July 3 – August 7, 1971 (5 weeks)
September 11–18, 1971 Succeeded by
Let It Be by The Beatles
Self Portrait by Bob Dylan
A Question of Balance by The Moody Blues
Paranoid by Black Sabbath
Atom Heart Mother by Pink Floyd
All Things Must Pass by George Harrison
Hot Hits 6 by Various artists
Who's Next by The Who
Preceded by
Led Zeppelin II by Led Zeppelin Billboard 200 number-one album (10 weeks)
March 7 – May 15, 1970 Succeeded by
Déjà Vu by Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young
Preceded by
Led Zeppelin II by Led Zeppelin Canadian RPM 100 number-one album
March 14 – May 9, 1970 Succeeded by
American Woman by The Guess Who
Preceded by
Alive Alive-0! by José Feliciano
Let It Be by The Beatles Dutch MegaCharts number-one album
April 4 – May 16, 1970
June 6 – July 25, 1970 Succeeded by
Let It Be by The Beatles
Déjà Vu by Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young
Preceded by
Led Zeppelin II by Led Zeppelin Australian Kent Music Report number one album
April 6 – May 17, 1970
June 1–14, 1970
July 27 – September 13, 1970 Succeeded by
Hey Jude by The Beatles
Preceded by
Non Stop Dancing 10 by James Last West German Media Control Chart number-one album
May 29 – October 1, 1970 Succeeded by
Deep Purple in Rock by Deep Purple
Preceded by
Abbey Road by The Beatles
Let It Be by The Beatles
Let It Be by The Beatles
Cosmo's Factory by Creedence Clear Water Revival Norwegian VG-lista number-one album
15–19/1970
25/1970
27–33/1970
52/1970 – 02/1971 Succeeded by
Let It Be by The Beatles
Let It Be by The Beatles
Cosmo's Factory by Creedence Clearwater Revival
Pendulum by Creedence Clearwater Revival
Preceded by
Simon and Garfunkel (Japanese compilation) by Simon & Garfunkel Japanese Oricon LP Chart number-one album
February 1 – March 15, 1971 (7 weeks) Succeeded by
That's the Way It Is by Elvis Presley
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bridge_over_Troubled_Water&oldid=821395096"
Categories:
1970 albums
Simon & Garfunkel albums
Grammy Award winners for Album of the Year
Albums produced by Roy Halee
Columbia Records albums
Albums arranged by Jimmie Haskell
Albums arranged by Ernie Freeman
Albums produced by Paul Simon
Albums produced by Art Garfunkel
Hidden categories:
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1971 Grammy Awards

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1 (The Beatles album)

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