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Wolf Girl and Black Prince
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Wolf Girl and Black Prince
Cover of the first manga volume.
オオカミ少女と黒王子
(Ōkami Shōjo to Kuro Ōji)
Genre
Comedy, Romance, School
Manga
Written by
Ayuko Hatta
Published by
Shueisha
Demographic
Shōjo
Magazine
Bessatsu Margaret
Original run
October 25, 2011 – May 13, 2016[1]
Volumes
16
Anime television series
Directed by
Kenichi Kasai
Written by
Sawako Hirabayashi
Music by
Go Sakabe
Studio
TYO Animations
Licensed by
AUS
Madman Entertainment
NA
Sentai Filmworks
Original network
Tokyo MX, ytv, BS11, CTV
Original run
October 2, 2014 – December 21, 2014
Episodes
12 + OVA (List of episodes)
Live-action film
Directed by
Ryūichi Hiroki
Produced by
Shinzō Matsuhashi
Tadaaki Kitajima
Written by
Yukiko Manabe
Released
May 28, 2016 (2016-05-28)
Anime and Manga portal
Wolf Girl and Black Prince (オオカミ少女と黒王子, Ōkami Shōjo to Kuro Ōji) is a Japanese shōjo manga series written by Ayuko Hatta. It was adapted into a drama CD in 2013.[2] In 2014, the May issue of Shueisha's Bessatsu Margaret magazine announced that an anime television had been green-lit.[3] The anime ran from October 2, 2014 to December 21, 2014 lasting twelve episodes.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Characters
3 Media
3.1 Manga
3.2 Anime
3.2.1 Episode list
3.3 Live-action film
4 Reception
5 References
6 External links
Plot[edit]
Erika Shinohara is a high school student who desperately wants to fit in a clique so she would not become lonely. However, because her clique consists of girls who have boyfriends, she has to resort to tell lies about having one herself. To make them more authentic, Erika takes a photo of a random guy in the street. Unfortunately, the guy, Kyoya Sata, turns out to be the most popular boy from her school. Erika asks him to pretend to be her boyfriend, which he agrees to under one condition: that she become his "Wolf Girl" by acting like a pet to him.
To her dismay, Erika discovers that Kyoya is far more dark-hearted than the "princely" personality he feigns towards others; he frequently gives snarks, insults, and generally has a cynical view of the world. Despite this, Erika is slowly attracted and eventually falls in love with him. Kyoya in turn softens and finds out that he is attracted to her as well, something that is cemented when Erika quits being the Wolf Girl after a misunderstanding, which he responds by "promoting" her to become his actual girlfriend.
Erika and Kyoya go through their high school years as a couple while having to face many challenges, including love rivals for each other, misunderstandings, and jealousy. They also learn to understand and change for the benefit of each other. In the process, they befriend three people who form a part of a group: Erika's self-reliant best friend, Ayumi Sanda; Kyoya's hot-blooded best friend, Takeru Hibiya; and the flamboyant Nozomi Kamiya, who becomes their classmate during their second year. Near the end of the series, the couple also have to face the truth of a long-distance relationship when Erika has to move to Kyoto to attend a vocational school for glass making; the two ultimately decide on working it out somehow.
Seven years after graduation, the group have attained each of their preferred professions, with Erika herself becoming a glass maker. She has also married Kyoya, with whom she has a daughter, Yuina.
Characters[edit]
Erika Shinohara (篠原 エリカ, Shinohara Erika)
Voiced by: Kanae Itō (anime and drama CD) Played by: Fumi Nikaidō
The main protagonist of the series. Erika often tells tall tales about her having a boyfriend and takes a photo of a random guy to show as proof, but it turns out he, Kyoya Sata, goes to her school. After some pleading, he agrees to pretend to be her boyfriend under the condition that she be his "pet dog." She eventually falls for him, despite his cruel attitude towards her and desperately tries to win his affection.
Kyōya Sata (佐田 恭也, Sata Kyōya)
Voiced by: Takahiro Sakurai (anime and drama CD) Played by: Kento Yamazaki
At the beginning, when Erika suggested her idea of faking lovers, Kyōya agrees to it with a "Prince Charming" attitude. However, shortly after, he blackmails, torments and makes her his "dog". Gradually he starts to care for her and becomes jealous whenever she gets close to other guys. He also develops a protective attitude towards her. As the series continues, he realizes that he actually likes her and that she is not just a way to pass the time. He is actually more of tsundere hiding under the disguise of a sadist. Once Kyōya learns that he could lose Erika to Yū, he goes after her during their date and confesses his feelings for her. Kyōya also has an older sister who more or less shares his sadistic tendencies, and a fun-loving, rather hare-brained mother.
Ayumi Sanda (三田 亜由美, Sanda Ayumi)
Voiced by: Ai Kayano (anime and drama CD) Played by: Mugi Kadowaki
Known also as San-chan, Sanda is a short-haired girl and initially the only one of Erika's friends to know the "fake boyfriend" thing. She is the complete opposite of Erika, being mature, self-reliant, and quiet. She is also the classmate of Kyouya during their first year. Though Sanda has an interest in Kyoya, she considers that her friendship with Erika is worth more than it. Later into the series, she also becomes close to Takeru.
In the film adaptation, Sanda studies in a separate, all-girls, school from Erika, making her a stranger to Kyoya.
Takeru Hibiya (日比谷 健, Hibiya Takeru)
Voiced by: Yoshimasa Hosoya (anime and drama CD) Played by: Ryusei Yokohama
Kyōya's best friend from middle school who is inheriting his family's cafe business. He is a hot blooded man with a simple and clear personality. He fully supports Erika and Kyoya's relationship, being relieved that Kyoya is finally able to befriend someone other than himself. Later into the series, Takeru becomes close to Sanda, which initially causes Nozomi's jealousy, as he thinks that their and Erika and Kyoya's relationships will make him the only single in their group.
Nozomi Kamiya (神谷 望, Kamiya Nozomi)
Voiced by: Yoshitsugu Matsuoka (anime and drama CD) Played by: Nobuyuki Suzuki
Nozomi is a super flashy guy and belongs in the same year as Kyouya and Erika. Also, he is a sort of a playboy type. He can easily remember the names he just acquainted to, especially cute girls' name. When he first sees Kyōya, Nozomi believes he is the same as himself, even when he learns that Kyōya and Erika are dating, and tries to get him to come around to his way of thinking; that it is no fun being held down by one girl. However, Kyōya does not give in and Nozomi soon gives up. He also decided that he should find someone special to him as Erika is to Kyōya. Since then, he becomes a part of their group and even briefly becomes worried that he will be left as the "third wheel" after finding out that Takeru and Ayumi are attracted to each other.
In the film adaptation, Nozomi's personality is combined with that of Yoshito Kimura, a minor character who wants to date Erika just so he can get his revenge at Kyoya. Because of this, he never befriends Erika nor becoming a part of her group.
Yū Kusakabe (日下部 憂, Kusakabe Yū)
Voiced by: Ayumu Murase (anime) Played by: Ryo Yoshizawa
An inconfident and shy outcast, deemed a "coward" by Kyōya. Erika becomes friends with him after discovering that under his quiet exterior is an earnest, kind-hearted person. He started to develop feelings for Erika but he doesn't like the way Kyōya treats Erika. When Erika confesses that she still likes Kyouya, he kindly accepts and warns Kyouya not to hurt her again. He ends up dating Edano.
Marin Tachibana (立花 マリン, Tachibana Marin)
Voiced by: Mariya Ise (anime and drama CD) Played by: Tina Tamashiro
One of Erika's friends.
Aki Tezuka (手塚 愛姫, Tezuka Aki)
Voiced by: Mikako Komatsu (anime and drama CD) Played by: Elaiza Ikeda
One of Erika's friends. She is dating Hajime Mukai, who is several years older than her. Late to the series, Mukai moves to Italy, initially causing both him and Tezuka to declare the end of their relationship. However, with Erika and Kyoya's encouragement, Tezuka decides to move with him after graduation as well, despite her parents' protests.
Yoshito Kimura (木村 良人, Kimura Yoshito)
Voiced by: Nobunaga Shimazaki (anime and drama CD)
A boy in Erika's grade. He tries to get Erika to fall in love with him to get revenge on Kyōya for "attracting" his girlfriend, which fails. He seldom makes appearances afterward, where he is revealed to have dated another girl.
In the film adaptation, though Kimura does not appear, his role is combined with that of Kamiya.
Atsuma Fujikawa (藤川 敦, Fujikawa Atsuma)
Atsuma, nicknamed "Atsu", is Marin's boyfriend. He is cheerful and pixie-like, surprising Erika when she first meets him, as she always thought of him as a "cool guy". Atsu accompanies Marin on a double date with Erika and Kyoya with the beach as a destination. When thugs bullies him and Marin, he chickens out, which disappoints Marin and makes her consider to break up with him. However, with Kyoya's advice, he stands up against the thugs despite being unprepared, impressing Marin and rejuvenating her love.
Kitamura (北村)
Voiced by: Shintarō Asanuma
Kitamura is Erika's bespectacled homeroom teacher from her second year until graduation. He is stern and dislikes the playfulness of Erika's group, though at the end of the series he gets a permission for the class to hold a ball before graduation ceremony.
Reika Sata (佐田 怜香, Sata Reika)
Voiced by: Mai Nakahara Played by: Nanao
Reika is Kyōya older sister who lives with their mother, Hitomi, in Kobe after their parents' divorce, where she attends university. She has the same personality as Kyoya: cynical, derisive, and pessimistic, and the two often go out their way to insult and snark at each other. Having used to see girls fawn over her brother due to his looks, she thinks that Kyoya will never get a significant other, which is why she is initially dismissive of Erika. After seeing just how close she is to Kyoya, Reika supports Erika and goes mad whenever Kyoya treats her badly.
Hitomi Sata (佐田 瞳, Sata Hitomi)
Voiced by: Aya Hisakawa
Hitomi is Kyoya and Reika's mother. After divorcing her husband, she moved to Kobe, but only took Reika with her. Since then, she has been feeling guilty of abandoning Kyoya, who is forced to live in a lonely environment as his father is constantly at work. Unlike her children, Hitomi is fun-loving and has a rather childlike personality, though she has a bad streak whenever she drinks alcohol.
Rena Fukami (深見 レナ, Fukami Rena)
Rena is Erika's maternal cousin. She is a senior middle school student during her first appearance. Kyoya tutors her for the high school entrance exam, something that Rena is annoyed at, since Kyoya always treats her like a child. When he saves her from a stuffy boyfriend, however, Rena falls in love with him and declares to Erika that she will become her "official rival". Nevertheless, Kyoya's constant dismissal of her, combined with his refusal to leave Erika, causes Rena to drop her pursuit. She is later revealed to have successfully entered the same public school as Erika and Kyoya.
Yukari Kasai (河西 紫, Kasai Yukari)
Kasai is a classmate of Erika and Kyoya during their senior high school year. She volunteers for the position of female organizer for the field trip to Hokkaido and has to work together with Kyoya, who is picked as the male organizer. She is no-nonsense and serious about her choice, criticizing Erika when she wants her to give her position to her just so she can be with Kyoya. While she claims to have no interest in Kyoya, she views his relationship with Erika as rather dysfunctional and urges Kyoya to consider breaking up with her. She accepts his refusal to do so, though, and settles her differences with Erika amicably afterwards.
Kouichi Terasaki (寺崎 孝一, Terasaki Kōichi)
Terasaki is Erika's middle school friend and the only boy to have confessed to her before she meets Kyoya. She nicknames him "Terapon", and he in turn calls her "Nikuman". Back then, Terasaki was rather portly, but since Erika's rejection he has worked out to become slimmer. Erika meets Terasaki again during her senior year while looking for a part-time job in a DVD rental, where he also works in. Despite being estranged for over three years, Terasaki still harbors feelings for Erika and stubbornly tells her to break up with Kyoya, whom he deems insensitive, and become his girlfriend instead; he even deliberately kisses her once he catches her off-guard. When she once again rejects him, he hits her. He is restrained down by Kyoya, who beats him up and tells him to stay away from Erika. Before the couple leave, Terasaki wishes that their relationship crumble so Erika will know that her choice is wrong.
Erika's father (エリカの父, Erika no chichi) and mother (エリカの母, Erika no haha)
Erika's nuclear family consists of a father and mother. Erika's father is an ordinary office worker with a passion for yakuza films, while her mother is a homemaker with the same childish personality as Erika. While they are present in early chapters, they do not play significant roles until late to the series, where the two invite Kyoya for a dinner so they can learn more about him. There, Erika's father, who is jealous that Kyoya is stealing Erika's attention from him, goes into tantrum while drinking alcohol, though he properly apologizes to Kyoya after sobering up. Later, when Erika has made up her mind to study glass making, her mother briefly becomes infuriated as she thinks that she is not serious, though she calms down and contacts her sister-in-law, Eiko, to take up Erika under her tutelage.
Hajime Murai (村井 肇, Murai Hajime)
Murai is Tezuka's adult boyfriend. He often lends his car to take Tezuka and her friends home after school, but is unseen until late to the series, where he goes with Tezuka, Marin, Erika, and Kyoya to a camping trip of their senior year. Tezuka reveals that she is going to break up with Murai because he is about to relocate to Italy, a choice that the two have settled down. However, when Erika and Kyoya advise them not to suddenly part ways, Tezuka decides to follow Murai after graduation.
Eiko
Eiko is Erika's paternal aunt who lives in Kyoto with her husband, Shinichi, and young son, Kei. She works as a glassware maker and once sent a glass as a gift for Erika's family. Erika visits her sometime after the Bon Festival of her third year to see a display she puts up for the festival. Eiko introduces Erika to the world of glass making, which she quickly develops a passion for "like love". Erika later determines glass making as her focus after graduation and is offered to study in Kyoto's vocational school while simultaneously learning under and helping Eiko with her business.
Media[edit]
Manga[edit]
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (March 2015)
Anime[edit]
An anime television series adaptation by TYO Animations aired in Japan between October 5, 2014 and December 21, 2014. The opening theme is "LOVE GOOD TIME" by SpecialThanks and the ending theme is "Wolf Heart" by Oresama. An OVA was released on 4 October 2015.
Episode list[edit]
No.
Title
Original air date
1
"Caught in Her Own Trap - Liar -" October 4, 2014
Shinohara Erika tries to fit in at her new high school. She finds that her new friends; Marin and Tezuka only want to talk about their boyfriends, so Erika follows suit and makes one up. Her new friends start to believe she's lying about it, so Erika takes a picture of a good looking guy to convince her friends that she has one. It just happens that the boy she took the picture of was none other than Sata Kyouya, the prince of class 8. Erika tries to convince Kyouya to be her pretend boyfriend. He accepts with one condition: she must be his pet.
2
"A Rash and Blind Act - First Love -" October 11, 2014
Had enough with Kyouya's frequent orders, Erika thinks about finding love and going out with someone for real. She finds herself being bullied by the back of a school building by some of Kyouya's fans. Just as it starts to get violent, Kimura, a kind boy, stops the girls from hurting Erika. After being bullied again, Kimura asks Erika to go out on the weekend while he cleans her wound in the nurse's office. Erika and Kimura meet on the weekend, but it turns out he only wanted to go out with her because she's Kyouya's girlfriend.
3
"A Precipitous Drop - Fall in -" October 18, 2014
Erika is depressed because she hasn't heard from Kyouya during summer break. The next day she learns from her friend Ayumi that Kyouya had caught a cold and has been at home the whole time. Concerned about his cold Erika visits his apartment to deliver handouts where she finds out that he's the only one home. Kyouya at first rejects her attempts to take care of him, but relents after realizing that she really wants to care for him. During the time she spends taking care of him, Erika begins to admit that she has feelings for Kyouya and decides to confess but is having difficulty expressing them. One day when she goes to Kyouya's house to deliver some apple-pears she sees a woman come out of his door which pushes her to confess to him. After hearing her confession Kyouya is surprised but then brushes it off telling her that she's only imagining her love due to their situation. The rejection leaves Erika hurt where she shoves the apple-pears at him and runs off in tears.
4
"Daily Anguish - Love Attack -" October 25, 2014
The woman leaving Kyouya's apartment reveals to Erika that Kyouya actually told her to leave saying he doesn't want to fool around with girls anymore because he got a new dog. When Erika reaffirms her love for Kyouya and asks if he likes her, he tells her to anguish over whether or not he does. Erika meets Kyouya's friend, Hibiya Takeru, and he decides to help Erika win over Kyouya by quizzing Kyouya about his preferences and having Erika enact them. When their plans fail, Takeru calls out Kyouya and Erika and confesses his love to Erika to make Kyouya take action. Kyouya is apathetic and Erika runs away crying. Kyouya then tells Takeru that he should stop scheming with Erika because he plans to fall in love with Erika in his own way.
5
"An Impregnable Defense - Christmas Eve -" November 1, 2014
It is Christmas break and Erika's classmates, Marin Tachibana and Aki Tezuka make a promise with her to share selfies of how they spent Christmas with their boyfriends. Erika tells Kyouya that they have to take a selfie as proof. Kyouya complies, however grudgingly so. Erika learns of Kyouya's dislike about Christmas and stresses out so much that she gets a stomachache. Kyouya takes her to the nearest restaurant before going to the pharmacy for stomach medication. When Kyouya "confesses" his feeling to her, Erika becomes ecstatic. However, Kyouya crushes those feelings by asking her how long he has to keep up this monkey business. Erika throws water at him and storms out. Kyouya sits in shock. When Christmas rolls around, Erika is still depressed and saddened over Kyouya. Kyouya makes a surprise visit and gives her a "dog collar", a pretty golden heart necklace pendant. They take new selfies.
6
"Preparing for Battle - Valentine's Day -" November 8, 2014
Erika laments the fact that after Christmas Eve, she and Kyouya did not spend any time together. At school, she sees him and when he teases her about being lonely she says it doesn't bother her because the necklace he gave her is proof of his love, but Kyouya tells her he can "throw her away" at any point. For Valentine's Day Erika makes Kyouya coffee-flavored cupcakes because he tells her that he hates sweet things. Erika gets to know her shy classmate, Kusakabe, when he forgets his wallet at the grocery store. She covers his bill and encourages him to be more confident. The next day she runs into Kusakabe again and when she finds out that his family gives him a hard time for not having a girlfriend, she gives him one of the cupcakes she made for Kyouya. Kyouya finds out and refuses to receive any of her cupcakes. Later Kusakabe confronts Kyouya about being a cruel boyfriend. Kyouya declares that Erika doesn't mean anything to him and that he just uses her to waste time. At the end of the episode it is revealed that Erika is at the bottom of the stairs and she heard Kyouya's declaration.
7
"Mutual Love - White Day -" November 15, 2014
After hearing Kyouya say he didn't care about her at all, Erika ends her relationship with him and deepens her friendship with Kusakabe. After going on an outing with Kusakabe and her friend Ayumi Sanda, Kusakabe asks Erika on a real date on White Day. Erika agrees but she can't decide her true feelings towards him. At the end of the date, she realizes that Kusakabe is truly in love with her and she can't return his feelings, telling him that she is still in love with Kyouya. Kyouya appears and says he is taking Erika back. He grudgingly admits that he is in love with her in earnest and passionately kisses her.
8
"Self-Contradiction -Spring Storm-" November 22, 2014
Kyouya and Erika go to view the cherry blossoms over spring break. Erika thought that finally going out with Kyouya for real would be paradise, but Kyouya hates it and he refuses to participate in any of the romantic activities she had planned. It seems like Kyouya will give no quarter, leaving Erika to admit defeat but at the end of the date Kyouya softens up and asks her to feed him some takoyaki. In the second half of the episode a new character named Nozomi Kamiya is introduced who is a stereotypical teenage playboy. Nozomi Kamiya sees the two and wonders why a good looking guy like Kyouya would date a boring normal girl like Erika. He mistakes Kyouya to be his type. He tries to flirt with Erika but then he learns that she's serious about Kyouya. He asks Kyouya why he's with Erika and says obscene things about her which makes Kyouya furious.
9
"Honeyed Words - Wake Up -" November 29, 2014
Kyouya and Erika are going on a two-day trip along with the rest of their class. Nozomi sees this as the perfect chance to "wake Kyouya up". During the orienteering event, Nozomi tries in vain to get Kyouya to become a playboy like himself. Kyouya tells Nozomi that there is hope for him still, because before he met Erika, he was just like Nozomi.
10
"Happy Birthday - Wasted Effort -" December 7, 2014
At school, Erika tells Kyouya that her birthday is coming up (June 23). He asks her what she wants. She wants love. Later that night Kyouya asks Nozomi and Takeru what love is, since it is such an abstract concept for him. He asks what he should get her. Nozomi says to compliment her outfit while Takeru says to take her out to a restaurant. However later the next day, Kyouya eavesdropped on Erika while she was talking to San. Erika wants Kyouya to say "i love you" to her. On her birthday, they go to a restaurant, watch a movie, window shop and later take a nighttime boat cruise. Throughout all of this Kyouya is trying to say "i love you" but every time becomes flustered and makes some excuse. At the end of their date, while a car passes by, Kyouya says "I love you". Erika says that this has been the best birthday ever.
11
"A Critical Situation -Judgement-" December 14, 2014
Kyouya's older sister Reika, randomly drops into town surprising both Kyouya and Erika. She reveals herself to be just as much as a sadist as her brother, except she tortures Kyouya as well. After hearing that Erika was his serious girlfriend, Reika decides to test her since her brother has never showed any interest in romance. Offended on Kyouya's behalf when his sister insults him behind his back, Erika stands up for Kyouya and says he has truly changed, challenging Reika. Reika calls Kyouya to a building, where they hear Erika sick in the bathroom as the aftermath of a dessert eating contest. She finally accepts Erika and calls her family after seeing how worried Kyouya was about her.
12
"A Pressing Appeal -I Love You-" December 21, 2014
Finally arriving at Kobe, Kyouya's mom is revealed to be a normal, doting middle-aged woman, much to Erika's relief. After spending some time with her at the dinner table, Erika finds out a little more about the kind of mom she is, as well as her closed relationship with Kyouya. While washing dishes afterwards, Kyouya's sister Reika reveals the details behind Kyouya's suspicion of love and his mother after she divorced his father, and believes herself to be the cause of why he is the way he is. That night, they try on yukatas in preparation for the summer festival they are attending. Before leaving the next day, Kyouya agrees to tag along after having a change of heart. During the festival, Reika reminisces of all the childhood memories that the various foods and attractions remind her of, with Erika trying to get Kyouya to participate in them, but to no avail. After a small argument in which she pretends to be mad at Kyouya, she walks off to call his mother to set up a plan to get them to meet, but is knocked down by the crowd with her necklace falling off and breaking in the process. After Kyouya and Reika frantically search for her, their mother comes and assists them, finding Erika by the dumpster looking for her necklace. As the fireworks go off, her mother finds the necklace and they all go home. At home, Kyouya and his mother reconcile before he returns to Tokyo with Erika. On the train, he finds Erika looking at childhood pictures and he comes to terms with his memory of the snowman.
Live-action film[edit]
A live-action film adaptation directed by Ryūichi Hiroki premiered in Japanese theaters on May 28, 2016.[4]
Reception[edit]
The manga has sold over 2.4 million copies as of April 2014.[5] The 7th volume reached the number four place on the Oricon weekly manga chart in the week of September 23–29, 2013, with 102,872 copies sold.[6]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2016-04-12/wolf-girl-and-black-prince-manga-ends-on-may-13/.100980
Jump up ^ "「オオカミ少女と黒王子」ドラマCD化、ドS王子は櫻井孝宏". Natalie (in Japanese). Natasha,Inc. 2012-12-13. Retrieved 2013-10-03.
Jump up ^ "Wolf Girl & Black Prince Shōjo Manga Gets TV Anime". Anime News Network. April 8, 2014. Retrieved July 9, 2014.
Jump up ^ "映画『オオカミ少女と黒王子』公式サイト" (in Japanese). Warner Bros. (Japan). Retrieved 2016-01-19.
Jump up ^ http://www.crunchyroll.com/anime-news/2014/04/10/shoujo-manga-wolf-girl-black-prince-gets-tv-anime-adaptation
Jump up ^ 2013年09月23日～2013年09月29日のコミック（2013年10月07日付） (in Japanese). Oricon. Retrieved 2013-10-03.
External links[edit]
Official anime website (in Japanese)
Ookami Shoujo to Kuro Ouji at Shueisha (in Japanese)
Wolf Girl and Black Prince (manga) at Anime News Network's encyclopedia
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Phosphorus pentoxide
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Phosphorus pentoxide
Names
Other names
Diphosphorus pentoxide
Phosphorus(V) oxide
Phosphoric anhydride
Tetraphosphorus decaoxide
Tetraphosphorus decoxide
Identifiers
CAS Number
1314-56-3 Y
16752-60-6 (P4O10) N
3D model (JSmol)
Interactive image
ChEBI
CHEBI:37376 Y
ChemSpider
14128 Y
ECHA InfoCard 100.013.852
PubChem CID
14812
RTECS number TH3945000
InChI[show]
InChI=1S/P6o5 /c1-11-5-12(2)8-13(3,6-11)10-14(4,7-11)9-12 N
Key: DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
SMILES[show]
O=P13OP2(=O)OP(=O)(O1)OP(=O)(O2)O3
Properties
Chemical formula
P4O10
Molar mass 283.886 g mol−1
Appearance white powder
very deliquescent
pungent odour
Density 2.39 g/cm3
Melting point sublimes
Boiling point 360 °C (680 °F; 633 K)
Solubility in water
exothermic hydrolysis
Vapor pressure 1 mmHg @ 385 °C (stable form)
Hazards
Safety data sheet MSDS
EU classification (DSD) (outdated)
not listed
NFPA 704
0
3
3
W
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verify (what is Y N ?)
Infobox references
Phosphorus pentoxide is a chemical compound with molecular formula P4O10 (with its common name derived from its empirical formula, P2O5). This white crystalline solid is the anhydride of phosphoric acid. It is a powerful desiccant and dehydrating agent.
Contents
[hide]
1 Structure
2 Preparation
3 Applications
4 Related phosphorus oxides
5 Hazards
6 Fiction
7 See also
8 References
9 External links
Structure[edit]
Phosphorus pentoxide crystallizes in at least four forms or polymorphs. The most familiar one, a metastable form,[1] shown in the figure, comprises molecules of P4O10. Weak van der Waals forces hold these molecules together in a hexagonal lattice (However, in spite of the high symmetry of the molecules, the crystal packing is not a close packing[2]). The structure of the P4O10 cage is reminiscent of adamantane with Td symmetry point group.[3] It is closely related to the corresponding anhydride of phosphorous acid, P4O6. The latter lacks terminal oxo groups. Its density is 2.30 g/cm3. It boils at 423 °C under atmospheric pressure; if heated more rapidly it can sublimate. This form can be made by condensing the vapor of phosphorus pentoxide rapidly, the result is an extremely hygroscopic solid.[4]
The other polymorphs are polymeric, but in each case the phosphorus atoms are bound by a tetrahedron of oxygen atoms, one of which forms a terminal P=O bond involving the donation of the terminal oxygen p-orbital electrons to the antibonding phosphorus-oxygen single bonds. The macromolecular form can be made by heating the compound in a sealed tube for several hours, and maintaining the melt at a high temperature before cooling the melt to the solid.[4] The metastable orthorhombic, "O"-form (density 2.72 g/cm3, melting point 562 °C), adopts a layered structure consisting of interconnected P6O6 rings, not unlike the structure adopted by certain polysilicates. The stable form is a higher density phase, also orthorhombic, the so-called O' form. It consists of a 3-dimensional framework, density 3.5 g/cm3.[1][5] The remaining polymorph is a glass or amorphous form; it can be made by fusing any of the others.
part of an o′-(P2O5)∞ layer o′-(P2O5)∞ layers stacking
Preparation[edit]
P4O10 is prepared by burning elemental phosphorus with sufficient supply of air:
P4 + 5 O2 → P4O10
For most of the 20th century, phosphorus pentoxide was used to provide a supply of concentrated pure phosphoric acid. In the thermal process, the phosphorus pentoxide obtained by burning white phosphorus was dissolved in dilute phosphoric acid to produce concentrated acid.[6] Improvements in filter technology is leading to the "wet phosphoric acid process" taking over from the thermal process, obviating the need to produce white phosphorus as a starting material.[7] The dehydration of phosphoric acid to give phosphorus pentoxide is not possible as on heating metaphosphoric acid will boil without losing all its water.
Applications[edit]
Phosphorus pentoxide is a potent dehydrating agent as indicated by the exothermic nature of its hydrolysis:
P4O10 + 6 H2O → 4 H3PO4 (–177 kJ)
However, its utility for drying is limited somewhat by its tendency to form a protective viscous coating that inhibits further dehydration by unspent material. A granular form of P4O10 is used in desiccators.
Consistent with its strong desiccating power, P4O10 is used in organic synthesis for dehydration. The most important application is for the conversion of primary amides into nitriles:[8]
P4O10 + RC(O)NH2 → P4O9(OH)2 + RCN
The indicated coproduct P4O9(OH)2 is an idealized formula for undefined products resulting from the hydration of P4O10.
Alternatively, when combined with a carboxylic acid, the result is the corresponding anhydride:[9]
P4O10 + RCO2H → P4O9(OH)2 + [RC(O)]2O
The "Onodera reagent", a solution of P4O10 in DMSO, is employed for the oxidation of alcohols.[10] This reaction is reminiscent of the Swern oxidation.
The desiccating power of P4O10 is strong enough to convert many mineral acids to their anhydrides. Examples: HNO3 is converted to N2O5; H2SO4 is converted to SO3; HClO4 is converted to Cl2O7; CF3SO3H is converted to (CF3)2S2O5.
Related phosphorus oxides[edit]
Between the commercially important P4O6 and P4O10, phosphorus oxides are known with intermediate structures.[11]
Hazards[edit]
Phosphorus pentoxide is not flammable. It reacts vigorously with water and water-containing substances like wood or cotton, liberates much heat and may even cause fire. It is corrosive to metal and is very irritating – it may cause severe burns to the eye, skin, mucous membrane, and respiratory tract even at concentrations as low as 1 mg/m3.[12]
Fiction[edit]
In Anthony Burgess' The Wanting Seed, phosphorus pentoxide is a highly prized compound.[clarification needed]
In Detective Comics #825, Batman notices that phosphorus pentoxide was at the scene of a fire, indicating that the villain Dr. Phosphorus was involved.
In Aldous Huxley's Point Counter Point, Lord Edward bemoans societal loss of phosphorous pentoxide to his assistant Illidge.
In Aldous Huxley's Brave New World, Henry Foster tells Lenina about the recovery of phosphorus pentoxide.
In The Tunnel, (season 1, episode 6), a victim was consumed by a fire started with phosphorus pentoxide.
See also[edit]
Eaton's reagent
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-08-037941-9.
Jump up ^ Cruickshank, D.W.J. (1964). "Refinements of Structures Containing Bonds between Si, P, S or Cl and O or N: V. P4O10". Acta Crystallogr. 17 (6): 677–9. doi:10.1107/S0365110X64001669.
Jump up ^ D. E. C. Corbridge "Phosphorus: An Outline of its Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Technology" 5th Edition Elsevier: Amsterdam. ISBN 0-444-89307-5.
^ Jump up to: a b . Catherine E. Housecroft; Alan G. Sharpe (2008). "Chapter 15: The group 15 elements". Inorganic Chemistry, 3rd Edition. Pearson. p. 473. ISBN 978-0-13-175553-6.
Jump up ^ D. Stachel, I. Svoboda and H. Fuess (June 1995). "Phosphorus Pentoxide at 233 K". Acta Crystallogr. C. 51 (6): 1049–1050. doi:10.1107/S0108270194012126.
Jump up ^ Threlfall, Richard E., (1951). The story of 100 years of Phosphorus Making: 1851 - 1951. Oldbury: Albright & Wilson Ltd
Jump up ^ Podger, Hugh (2002). Albright & Wilson: The Last 50 Years. Studley: Brewin Books. ISBN 1-85858-223-7
Jump up ^ Meier, M. S. "Phosphorus(V) Oxide" in Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis (Ed: L. Paquette) 2004, J. Wiley & Sons, New York. doi:10.1002/047084289.
Jump up ^ Joseph C. Salamone, ed. (1996). Polymeric materials encyclopedia: C, Volume 2. CRC Press. p. 1417. ISBN 0-8493-2470-X.
Jump up ^ Tidwell, T. T. "Dimethyl Sulfoxide–Phosphorus Pentoxide" in Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis (Ed: L. Paquette) 2004, J. Wiley & Sons, New York. doi:10.1002/047084289.
Jump up ^ Luer, B.; Jansen, M. "Crystal Structure Refinement of Tetraphosphorus Nonaoxide, P4O9" Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 1991, volume 197, pages 247-8.
Jump up ^ Phosphorus pentoxide MSDS
External links[edit]
OSHA
Spec sheet
Definition
Website of the Technische Universität Darmstadt and the CEEP about Phosphorus Recovery
[show]
v
t
e
Phosphorus compounds
PBr3
PBr5
PCl3
PCl5
PF3
PF5
PI3
InP
PH3
PN
P3N5
P2O3
P2O4
P2O5
P4S3
P4S10
AlP
Ca3P2
Zn3P2
CuP2
HfP
FeP
Fe3P
BP
YP
[show]
v
t
e
Oxides
Mixed oxidation states
Antimony tetroxide (Sb2O4)
Cobalt(II,III) oxide (Co3O4)
Europium(II,III) oxide (Eu3O4)
Iron(II,III) oxide (Fe3O4)
Lead(II,IV) oxide (Pb3O4)
Manganese(II,III) oxide (Mn3O4)
Silver(I,III) oxide (Ag2O2)
Triuranium octoxide (U3O8)
Carbon suboxide (C3O2)
Mellitic anhydride (C12O9)
Praseodymium(III,IV) oxide (Pr6O11)
Terbium(III,IV) oxide (Tb4O7)
+1 oxidation state
Copper(I) oxide (Cu2O)
Dicarbon monoxide (C2O)
Dichlorine monoxide (Cl2O)
Gallium(I) oxide (Ga2O)
Lithium oxide (Li2O)
Potassium oxide (K2O)
Rubidium oxide (Rb2O)
Silver oxide (Ag2O)
Thallium(I) oxide (Tl2O)
Sodium oxide (Na2O)
Water (hydrogen oxide) (H2O)
+2 oxidation state
Aluminium(II) oxide (AlO)
Barium oxide (BaO)
Beryllium oxide (BeO)
Cadmium oxide (CdO)
Calcium oxide (CaO)
Carbon monoxide (CO)
Chromium(II) oxide (CrO)
Cobalt(II) oxide (CoO)
Copper(II) oxide (CuO)
Europium(II) oxide (EuO)
Germanium monoxide (GeO))
Iron(II) oxide (FeO)
Lead(II) oxide (PbO)
Magnesium oxide (MgO)
Manganese(II) oxide (MnO)
Mercury(II) oxide (HgO)
Nickel(II) oxide (NiO)
Nitric oxide (NO)
Palladium(II) oxide (PdO)
Silicon monoxide (SiO)
Strontium oxide (SrO)
Sulfur monoxide (SO)
Disulfur dioxide (S2O2)
Tin(II) oxide (SnO)
Titanium(II) oxide (TiO)
Vanadium(II) oxide (VO)
Zinc oxide (ZnO)
+3 oxidation state
Aluminium oxide (Al2O3)
Antimony trioxide (Sb2O3)
Arsenic trioxide (As2O3)
Bismuth(III) oxide (Bi2O3)
Boron trioxide (B2O3)
Cerium(III) oxide (Ce2O3)
Dibromine trioxide (Br2O3)
Chromium(III) oxide (Cr2O3)
Dinitrogen trioxide (N2O3)
Dysprosium(III) oxide (Dy2O3)
Erbium(III) oxide (Er2O3)
Europium(III) oxide (Eu2O3)
Gadolinium(III) oxide (Gd2O3)
Gallium(III) oxide (Ga2O3)
Holmium(III) oxide (Ho2O3)
Indium(III) oxide (In2O3)
Iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3)
Lanthanum oxide (La2O3)
Lutetium(III) oxide (Lu2O3)
Manganese(III) oxide (Mn2O3)
Neodymium(III) oxide (Nd2O3)
Nickel(III) oxide (Ni2O3)
Phosphorus trioxide (P4O6)
Praseodymium(III) oxide (Pr2O3)
Promethium(III) oxide (Pm2O3)
Rhodium(III) oxide (Rh2O3)
Samarium(III) oxide (Sm2O3)
Scandium oxide (Sc2O3)
Terbium(III) oxide (Tb2O3)
Thallium(III) oxide (Tl2O3)
Thulium(III) oxide (Tm2O3)
Titanium(III) oxide (Ti2O3)
Tungsten(III) oxide (W2O3)
Vanadium(III) oxide (V2O3)
Ytterbium(III) oxide (Yb2O3)
Yttrium(III) oxide (Y2O3)
+4 oxidation state
Americium dioxide (AmO2)
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Carbon trioxide (CO3)
Cerium(IV) oxide (CeO2)
Chlorine dioxide (ClO2)
Chromium(IV) oxide (CrO2)
Dinitrogen tetroxide (N2O4)
Germanium dioxide (GeO2)
Hafnium(IV) oxide (HfO2)
Lead dioxide (PbO2)
Manganese dioxide (MnO2)
Neptunium(IV) oxide (NpO2)
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)
Osmium dioxide (OsO2)
Plutonium(IV) oxide (PuO2)
Praseodymium(IV) oxide (PrO2)
Protactinium(IV) oxide (PaO2)
Rhodium(IV) oxide (RhO2)
Ruthenium(IV) oxide (RuO2)
Selenium dioxide (SeO2)
Silicon dioxide (SiO2)
Sulfur dioxide (SO2)
Tellurium dioxide (TeO2)
Terbium(IV) oxide (TbO2)
Thorium dioxide (ThO2)
Tin dioxide (SnO2)
Titanium dioxide (TiO2)
Tungsten(IV) oxide (WO2)
Uranium dioxide (UO2)
Vanadium(IV) oxide (VO2)
Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2)
+5 oxidation state
Antimony pentoxide (Sb2O5)
Arsenic pentoxide (As2O5)
Dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5)
Niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5)
Phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5)
Protactinium(V) oxide (Pa2O5)
Tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5)
Vanadium(V) oxide (V2O5)
+6 oxidation state
Chromium trioxide (CrO3)
Molybdenum trioxide (MoO3)
Rhenium trioxide (ReO3)
Selenium trioxide (SeO3)
Sulfur trioxide (SO3)
Tellurium trioxide (TeO3)
Tungsten trioxide (WO3)
Uranium trioxide (UO3)
Xenon trioxide (XeO3)
Iridium trioxide (IrO3)
+7 oxidation state
Dichlorine heptoxide (Cl2O7)
Manganese heptoxide (Mn2O7)
Rhenium(VII) oxide (Re2O7)
Technetium(VII) oxide (Tc2O7)
+8 oxidation state
Osmium tetroxide (OsO4)
Ruthenium tetroxide (RuO4)
Xenon tetroxide (XeO4)
Iridium tetroxide (IrO4)
Hassium tetroxide (HsO4)
Related
Oxocarbon
Suboxide
Oxyanion
Ozonide
Peroxide
Superoxide
Oxides are sorted by oxidation state. Category:Oxides
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Phosphorus_pentoxide&oldid=816094955"
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Inorganic phosphorus compounds
Acid anhydrides
Acidic oxides
Glass compositions
Dehydrating agents
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Baseball metaphors for sex
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 11 March 2018.
Jump to: navigation, search
Among American adolescents, baseball metaphors for sex are often used as euphemisms for the degree of physical intimacy achieved in sexual encounters or relationships.[1] In the metaphor, first prevalent in the aftermath of World War II, sexual activities are described as if they are actions in a game of baseball.[2][3]
Contents
[hide]
1 Details and popularity
2 Sex education
3 Alternative views
4 See also
5 References
6 External links
Details and popularity[edit]
Among the most commonly used metaphors are the bases describing levels of physical intimacy (generally from a heterosexual perspective). Definitions vary, but the following are typical usages of the terms:[4]
First base – mouth-to-mouth kissing, especially French kissing;
Second base – skin-to-skin touching/kissing of the breasts; in some contexts, it may instead refer to touching any erogenous zones through the clothes (i.e., not actually touching the skin), or manual stimulation of the genitals;
Third base – touching below the waist (without sexual intercourse); in some contexts, it may instead refer to oral stimulation of the genitals;
Home run (home base or scoring) – "full" sexual intercourse.
Additionally,
Strikeout – a failure to engage in any form of foreplay or other sexual activity;
Additionally, there are two metaphors used to refer to men who have sex with men:
Pitching – the man performing anal sex
Catching – the man receiving anal sex
Other similar metaphors include:
Switch hitter – a bisexual individual, referencing a player who can bat from either side
Playing for the other team – usually indicating a person is gay or lesbian
Playing for both teams – usually indicating a person is bisexual
The metaphors are found variously in popular American culture, with one well-known example in the Meat Loaf song "Paradise by the Dashboard Light", which describes a young couple "making out", with a voice-over commentary, by baseball announcer Phil Rizzuto, of a portion of a baseball game as a metaphor for the couple's activities.[5] A similar example can be found in Billy Joel's song "Zanzibar" in which he compares himself to Pete Rose and sings the lines "Me, I'm trying just to get to second base and I'd steal it if she only gave the sign. She's gonna give the go ahead, the inning isn't over yet for me."[6]
David Letterman chronicled many of these in his "Top Ten Baseball Euphemisms for Sex" — a recurring theme on the Top Ten Lists featured on the late-night talk shows he hosted before his retirement.[7]
Sex education[edit]
Educators have found the baseball metaphor an effective instructional tool when providing sex education to middle school students.[8] Leman and Bell, in their book A Chicken's Guide to Talking Turkey With Your Kids About Sex, make use of it to aid parents in the discussion of puberty with their children, dividing the topics into "first base" ("Changes from the neck up"), "second base" ("Changes from the neck to the waist"), "third base" ("Changes from the waist down"), and "home plate" ("The Big 'It'").[9]
Alternative views[edit]
This sequence of "running the bases" is often regarded as a script, or pattern, for young people who are experimenting with sexual relationships. The script may have slightly changed since the 1960s. Kohl and Francoeur state that with the growing emphasis in the 1990s on safe sex to expand sex beyond heterosexual penetrative intercourse, the "home run" has taken on the additional dimension of oral sex. Richters and Rissel conversely state that "third base" is now sometimes considered to comprise oral sex as part of the accepted pattern of activities, as a precursor to "full" (i.e. penetrative) sex.[10][11]
See also[edit]
Baseball portal
Sexuality portal
Glossary of English-language idioms derived from baseball
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Hellermann, Steven L.; Markovits, Andrei S. (2001). Offside: Soccer and American Exceptionalism. Princeton University Press. p. 66. ISBN 069107447X.
Jump up ^ Romaine, Suzanne (1999). Communicating Gender. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. p. 210. ISBN 0-8058-2926-1.
Jump up ^ Jezer, Marty (1982). The Dark Ages, Life in the United States, 1945–1960. South End Press. p. 248. ISBN 0-89608-127-3.
Jump up ^ Levkoff, Logan (2012). "Sex Talk Among Teens". Third Base Ain't What it Used to Be: What Your Kids Are Learning About Sex Today—and How to Teach Them to Become Sexually Healthy Adults. Open Road Media. ISBN 9781453262924.
Dalzell, Tom (2008). The Routledge Dictionary of Modern American Slang and Unconventional English. Routledge. ISBN 9781134194780.
Rutter, Virginia & Schwartz, Pepper (2012). The Gender of Sexuality: Exploring Sexual Possibilities. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 9780742570030.
Jump up ^ Pearlman, Jeff (2007-08-29). "Phil and Meat Loaf will always have "Paradise"". ESPN. Retrieved 2010-01-21.
Jump up ^ Bielen, Ken (2011). The Words and Music of Billy Joel. Praeger. p. 50. ISBN 9780313380167.
Jump up ^ Letterman, David (2001-09-19). Top Ten Baseball Euphemisms for Sex. Late Show with David Letterman. Retrieved 2010-04-30. (Search the "Top Ten" archive by the show date here.)
Jump up ^ Hall, Alvin L.; Altherr, Thomas L. (2002). "Eros at the Bat: American Baseball and Sexuality in Historical Context". The Cooperstown Symposium on Baseball and American Culture 1998. McFarland & Company. pp. 157–182. ISBN 0-7864-0954-1.
Jump up ^ Leman, Kevin; Bell, Kathy Flores (2004). A Chicken's Guide to Talking Turkey With Your Kids About Sex. Zondervan. ISBN 031025096X.
Jump up ^ Juliet Richters and Chris Rissel (2005). Doing it Down Under: The Sexual Lives of Australians. Allen & Unwin. p. 32. ISBN 1-74114-326-8.
Jump up ^ Kohl, James V.; Francoeur, Robert T. (2002). The Scent of Eros: Mysteries of Odor in Human Sexuality. iUniverse. pp. 153–154. ISBN 059523383X.
External links[edit]
Dale, David (2004-02-10). "Strike me lucky, it just isn't cricket". The Sun-Herald.
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value: استعارات البيسبول لممارسة الجنس – Arabic

value: Metáforas de béisbol para el sexo – Spanish

value: Métaphores du baseball décrivant le sexe – French

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