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United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development
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United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development
Rio+20, Earth Summit 2012
Date(s)
20–22 June 2012
Begins
20 June 2012
Ends
22 June 2012
Location(s)
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Previous event
Earth Summit 1992, Earth Summit 2002
Website
uncsd2012
The United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (UNCSD), also known as Rio 2012, Rio+20 (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈʁi.u ˈmajʒ ˈvĩtʃi]), or Earth Summit 2012 was the third international conference on sustainable development aimed at reconciling the economic and environmental goals of the global community. Hosted by Brazil in Rio de Janeiro from 13 to 22 June 2012, Rio+20 was a 20-year follow-up to the 1992 Earth Summit / United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) held in the same city, and the 10th anniversary of the 2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) in Johannesburg.
The ten-day mega-summit, which culminated in a three-day high-level UN conference, was organized by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs and included participation from 192 UN member states – including 57 Heads of State and 31 Heads of Government, private sector companies, NGOs and other groups. The decision to hold the conference was made by UN General Assembly Resolution A/RES/64/236 on 24 December 2009. It was intended to be a high-level conference, including heads of state and government or other representatives and resulting in a focused political document designed to shape global environmental policy.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 Background
2 Objectives
3 Conference themes
4 Rio+20
4.1 Participation
5 Calendar of meetings
5.1 1st Preparatory Committee
5.2 1st Intersessional
5.3 2nd Preparatory Committee
5.4 2nd Intersessional
5.5 3rd Intersessional
5.6 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development
6 Outcomes
7 Leaders in attendance
8 Controversies
8.1 Environmental and Indigenous Rights Activists
8.2 Ahmadinejad Visit to Rio
9 Participation by Civil Societies
10 ProjectEarth Network
11 See also
12 References
13 External links
Background[edit]
In 1992, the first conference of its kind, the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), commonly referred to as the Rio Conference or Earth Summit, succeeded in raising public awareness of the need to integrate environment and development. The conference drew 109 heads of state to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, to address what were dubbed urgent problems of environmental protection and socio-economic development.[2] The Earth Summit influenced subsequent UN conferences, including Rio+20 and set the global green agenda. "The World Conference on Human Rights, for example, focused on the right of people to a healthy environment and the right to development; controversial demands that had met with resistance from some Member States until the Earth Summit."[3]
Major outcomes of the conference include the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) —a climate-change agreement that led to the Kyoto Protocol, Agenda 21, the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD). It also created new international institutions, among them the Commission on Sustainable Development, tasked with the follow-up to the Rio Conference and led to the reform of the Global Environment Facility.[4]
Ten years later, Earth Summit 2002 informally nicknamed Rio+10 was held in Johannesburg, South Africa with the goal of again bringing together leaders from government, business and NGOs to agree on a range of measures toward similar goals. At Rio+10, sustainable development was recognized as an overarching goal for institutions at the national, regional and international levels. There, the need to enhance the integration of sustainable development in the activities of all relevant United Nations agencies, programs and funds was highlighted. The discussion also encompassed the role of institutions in stepping up efforts to bridge the gap between the international financial institutions and the multilateral development banks and the rest of the UN system.[4]
Major outcomes of that conference include the Johannesburg Declaration and almost 300 international partnership initiatives meant to help achieve the Millennium Development Goals.
Objectives[edit]
Demonstration at Rio+20 – Picture shows effigy of Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff with a chainsaw embracing the statue of liberty
Demonstration against the President of Iran Mahmoud Ahmadinejad during the conference
The conference had three objectives:
Securing renewed political commitment for sustainable development
Assessing the progress and implementation gaps in meeting previous commitments.
Addressing new and emerging challenges.
Conference themes[edit]
The official discussions had two main themes:
How to build a green economy to achieve sustainable development and lift people out of poverty, including support for developing countries that will allow them to find a green path for development.
How to improve international coordination for sustainable development by building an institutional framework.
Rio+20[edit]
In the months leading up to the beginning of the conference, negotiators held frequent informal consultations at UN headquarters in New York City, and in the two weeks before the conference was scheduled to begin, they managed to reach consensus on the sensitive language in the then proposed outcome document for the summit.[5]
Billed as the biggest UN event ever organized—with 15,000 soldiers and police guarding about 130 heads of state and government, from 192 countries, and the more than 45,000 individuals gathered in Rio de Janeiro—the 10-day mega-conference was intended to be a high-level international gathering organized to re-direct and renew global political commitment to the three dimensions of sustainable development: economic growth, social improvement and environmental protection; focusing on reducing poverty while promoting jobs growth, clean energy and more fair, sustainable uses of resources; goals first established at Earth Summit in 1992.[1][6] [7]
The conference centered around Agenda 21, the outcome document from Earth Summit 1992. That document was considered revolutionary in that it essentially created the term sustainable development and created the global environmental agenda for the next 20 years. The representatives of participating governments gathered in Rio to discuss what was then the draft text of the outcome document.
Rio+20 sought to secure affirmations for the political commitments made at past Earth Summits and set the global environmental agenda for the next 20 years by assessing progress towards the goals set forth in Agenda 21 and implementation gaps therein, and discussing new and emerging issues. [8] The UN wanted Rio to endorse a UN "green economy roadmap", with environmental goals, targets and deadlines, whereas developing countries preferred establishing new "sustainable development goals" to better protect the environment, guarantee food and power to the poorest, and alleviate poverty.[9]
Rio+20 attracted many protests, and more than 500 parallel events, exhibitions, presentations, fairs and announcements as a wide range of diverse groups struggled to take advantage of the conference in order to gain international attention. The British online newspaper, The Guardian reported that, "Downtown Rio de Janeiro was partly shut-down as an estimated 50,000 protesters, some of whom were naked, took to the streets."[10]
Participation[edit]
A few key global leaders—mostly G20 leaders and namely United States President Barack Obama, German Chancellor Angela Merkel, and UK Prime Minister David Cameron—did not attend the conference and blamed their absence on the ongoing European sovereign-debt crisis. Their collective absence was seen as a reflection of their administrations' failure to prioritize sustainability issues.[11]
"In not attending, the prime minister is sending out a powerful signal that the UK government does not see sustainability as a priority", Joan Walley, chair of the UK environmental audit committee said to The Guardian.
Calendar of meetings[edit]
1st Preparatory Committee[edit]
Held from 16–18 May 2010, immediately after the conclusion of the eighteenth session and the first meeting of the nineteenth session of the Commission on Sustainable Development.
1st Intersessional[edit]
Held from 10–11 January 2011 at UN Headquarters, New York, the Intersessional focused on discussion of the objectives of the conference, and its two principle themes. The Intersessional – not a negotiation session – featured panel discussions, from academia, non-governmental organizations as well as Delegates and UN system representatives.
2nd Preparatory Committee[edit]
Held from 7–8 March 2011, at United Nations Headquarters in New York, immediately following the Intergovernmental Policy Meeting for the 19th Session of the Commission on Sustainable Development.[12]
2nd Intersessional[edit]
Held from 15–16 December 2011 at United Nations Headquarters in New York.[13]
3rd Intersessional[edit]
Held from 5–7 March 2012 at United Nations Headquarters in New York.[14]
United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development[edit]
The 3rd Preparatory Committee began on 13 June 2012 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and ended on 15 June 2012, marking the start of the UN Conference on Sustainable Development.[15] The talks were held from 20–22 June 2012 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.[16] [17] The conference was expected to draw 50,000 participants, including delegates, environmental activists, business leaders, and indigenous groups. Additionally, about 130 heads of state from around the world were expected to be present for the final three days of the summit.[18]
Outcomes[edit]
The primary result of the conference was the nonbinding document, "The Future We Want," a 49-page work paper.[8] In it, the heads of state of the 192 governments in attendance renewed their political commitment to sustainable development and declared their commitment to the promotion of a sustainable future. The document largely reaffirms previous action plans like Agenda 21.[19]
Some important outcomes include the following:
“The text includes language supporting the development of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), a set of measurable targets aimed at promoting sustainable development globally. It is thought that the SDGs will pick up where the Millennium Development Goals leave off and address criticism that the original Goals fail to address the role of the environment in development."[20]
The attempt to shore up the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) in order to make it the "leading global environmental authority"[19] by setting forth eight key recommendations including, strengthening its governance through universal membership, increasing its financial resources and strengthening its engagement in key UN coordination bodies.
Nations agreed to explore alternatives to GDP as a measure of wealth that take environmental and social factors into account in an effort to assess and pay for 'environmental services' provided by nature, such as carbon sequestration and habitat protection.[21]
Recognition that "fundamental changes in the way societies consume and produce are indispensable for achieving global sustainable development." EU officials suggest it could lead to a shift of taxes so workers pay less and polluters and landfill operators pay more.
The document calls the need to return ocean stocks to sustainable levels "urgent" and calls on countries to develop and implement science-based management plans.[19]
All nations reaffirmed commitments to phase out fossil fuel subsidies.
In addition to the outcome text, there were over 400 voluntary commitments for sustainable development made by Member States.
At the African Ministerial Conference on the Environment, 40 African countries agreed to implement "The Future We Want."[22]
Leaders in attendance[edit]
World leaders in attendance at Rio+20
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (September 2012)
Albania – Prime Minister Sali Berisha[23]
Antigua & Barbuda – Prime Minister Baldwin Spencer[24]
Argentina – President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner[25]
Australia – Prime Minister Julia Gillard[26]
Bolivia – President Evo Morales,[27] see Bolivian government proposal Harmony with nature
Brazil – President Dilma Rousseff[27]
Bulgaria – President Rosen Plevneliev
China – Premier Wen Jiabao[28]
Costa Rica – President Laura Chinchilla Miranda[26]
Denmark – Prime Minister Helle Thorning-Schmidt[26]
Ecuador – President Rafael Correa[29]
France – President Francois Hollande[30]
Grenada – Prime Minister Tillman Thomas[31]
Haiti – President Michel Martelly[32]
India – Prime Minister Manmohan Singh[28]
Indonesia – President Susilo Yudhoyono[31]
Iran – President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad[26]
Lithuania – President Dalia Grybauskaitė
Nepal – Prime Minister Baburam Bhattarai[33]
Nigeria – President Goodluck Jonathan[34]
Norway – Prime Minister Jens Stoltenberg[35]
Portugal – Prime Minister Pedro Passos Coelho[36]
Russia – President Dmitry Medvedev[27]
South Africa – President Jacob Zuma[37]
South Korea – President Lee Myung bak[38]
Spain – Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy[39]
Sri Lanka – President Mahinda Rajapaksa[40]
Sweden – Prime Minister Fredrik Reinfeldt[41]
Turkmenistan – President Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow
Uruguay – President Jose Mujica[29]
Zimbabwe – President Robert Mugabe[39]
among others Also present were:
Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden
Albert II, Prince of Monaco
Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
José Manuel Barroso, the President of the European Commission
(look at the official photo of the summit)
Controversies[edit]
Environmental and Indigenous Rights Activists[edit]
Activists took initiative at Rio+20 by staging numerous loud protests, and making their voices heard. Numbered in the thousands, these activists joined forces to stand up to what they considered exploitation and degradation of the Earth, as well as the negation of the rights of indigenous peoples. This group is ever more relevant in Brazil as deforestation threatens Amazonian ethnic groups everyday.[42]
In addition to holding signs and shouting chants, the crowds took a theatric route to convey their messages. Firstly, they poked at Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff, claiming she has given in to the global North's corporate hand.[43] Rousseff's controversy has arisen over her steadfast desire to further industrialize Brazil, and its economy. Additionally, the crowds assembled for a ritual and symbolic "tearing up" of the plenary's negotiated text,[44] conveying their disapproval.
Thousands of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) gathered at the Flamengo Park in Rio. They criticized the draft negotiating text, particularly for its failure to mention planetary boundaries or nuclear energy, in light of the Fukushima disaster in Japan.[8] Organizations, such as Greenpeace and the World Wide Fund for Nature, as well as members of indigenous communities, activists and artists participated. The Danish artist Jens Galschiøt, the leader of the group AIDOH, and the Group 92 used his Freedom to Pollute sculptures to focus on global warming and its resulting increased flow of refugees. About 20,000 flyers about Freedom to Pollute were distributed during Rio+20 and a related television program was produced in Denmark.
Ahmadinejad Visit to Rio[edit]
There was some controversy over Iran's involvement in the Rio+20 conference. Iran sent a delegation, which included President Ahmadinejad, to Rio in June to attend the summit.[45][46] The controversy of Iranian attendance at the summit surrounds the fact that Iran has serious environmental issues, which it has refused to address, continuing human rights violations and is refusing to cooperate with the IAEA over its contentious nuclear program.[47] Ahmadinejad was met with demonstrations, attended by thousands of people, on his arrival in Rio.[48][49] The Iranian delegation were met with protesters waving banners with the slogan "Ahmadinejad go home" on their arrival in Rio on 20 June.[50]
Participation by Civil Societies[edit]
RIO +20 Logo in Hindi created by CCLP Worldwide Team
During RIO +20 event and preparatory events UNCSD had given ample opportunities to various stakeholders to contribute towards Rio +20 and Civil Societies had taken part in various sphere including organizing side events, promoting the RIO event, submitting literature and also helped the rio secretariat with translation work.The logo and promotion of RIO +20 was available in languages used in United Nations however Civil societies took part in producing the logo image and literature in other local and National languages.[51]
ProjectEarth Network[edit]
Ecology and Environment Inc., a New York based Environmental Engineering and Consultation company partnered with UNCSD to create Project Earth Network, an online platform where schools around the world could showcase their remarkable environmental projects. In coordination with the Rio+20 event, the platform hosted a World Environment Day Global School Contest in which 7th graders at the International School of Ulaanbaatar (ISU) in Mongolia were declared the Global Winners for their awareness campaign on the environmental impact of plastic shopping bags, including research on plastic bag manufacturing processes, development of videos documenting plastic bag waste, and a school presentation at which reusable cloth shopping bags were sold to approximately 50 percent of the community.
Sarasota, Fla.'s Brookside Middle School won in the World Environment Day contest's North American sub-category for its mangrove propagule growth project while International School of Brussels in Belgium won the European sub-category, for their creation of a sustainable food source and composting program. The Middle-Eastern sub-category winner was Hridith Sudev, a seventh grader from Indian School Salalah in Oman for his organization, 'Project GreenWorld International' which helped promote sustainable awareness across the region through interactive projects. Hridith Sudev later went on to become an inventor and the organization has become a global environmental presence. The World Environment Day contest followed an Earth Day "Green Schools" contest regionally focused toward 6th to 12th grade students in the Western New York area.
The idea behind the platform was to encourage sustainability in students across the world. Despite the huge response, the platform was taken down two years later due to technical and economic constraints but has since remained as a positive legacy through the activities of students who were first recognized by the network.
See also[edit]
Earth Summit
Agenda 21
Rio Declaration on Environment and Development
Durban III The conference opened on 22 September 2011
Planetary boundaries
Sustainable Development Goals
The United Nations Ocean Conference
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "Rio+20 – United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development". Uncsd2012.org. 22 June 2012. Archived from the original on 18 August 2014. Retrieved 4 August 2014.
Jump up ^ "United Nations Earth Summit+5". United Nations. 27 June 1997. Retrieved 4 August 2014.
Jump up ^ "Earth_Summit". United Nations. Retrieved 4 August 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b "Rio+20 – United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development". Uncsd2012.org. 29 July 2011. Retrieved 4 August 2014.
Jump up ^ "Agreement Reached on Weakened Outcome Text as Leaders Arrive for Rio Summit | International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development". Ictsd.org. 31 July 2014. Retrieved 4 August 2014.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 25 August 2012. Retrieved 4 August 2012.
Jump up ^ [1] Archived 24 July 2012 at the Wayback Machine.
^ Jump up to: a b c Gerhardt, Tina (20 June 2012). "Rio+20 Kicks Off". The Progressive.
Jump up ^ Vidal, John (19 June 2012). "Rio+20: Earth summit dawns with stormier clouds than in 1992". The Guardian. London.
Jump up ^ "Rio+20 summit opens amid protests – video". The Guardian. London. 21 June 2012.
Jump up ^ Vidal, John (11 June 2012). "David Cameron criticised for skipping Rio+20 Earth summit". The Guardian. London.
Jump up ^ "Rio+20 – United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development". Uncsd2012.org. 22 June 2012. Retrieved 4 August 2014.
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Jump up ^ UNCSD. "3rd Preparatory Committee".
Jump up ^ UNCSD (2012). "United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development or Rio+20".
Jump up ^ Romero, Simon (16 May 2012). "Brazil's Leader Faces Defining Decision on Bill Relaxing Protection of Forests". The New York Times.
Jump up ^ "Giant, 10-day-long UN conference on sustainable development gets underway in Rio de Janeiro". The Washington Post. Associated Press. 13 June 2012. Archived from the original on 14 June 2012. Retrieved 13 June 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b c uncsd2012 (19 June 2012). "The Future We Want Rio+20 Outcome Document". Slideshare.net. Retrieved 4 August 2014.
Jump up ^ "Agreement Reached on Weakened Outcome Text as Leaders Arrive for Rio Summit | International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development". Ictsd.org. 15 July 2014. Retrieved 4 August 2014.
Jump up ^ Watts, Jonathan; Ford, Liz (23 June 2012). "Rio+20 Earth Summit: campaigners decry final document". The Guardian. London.
Jump up ^ "At UN-backed conference, African countries adopt sustainable development measures". UN News Centre. 14 September 2012. Retrieved 16 September 2012.
Jump up ^ "Ambassador Ferit Hoxha's Opinion about Rio +20". Retrieved 30 April 2013.
Jump up ^ "Antigua and Barbuda Contributes to the Outcome of Rio+20". Retrieved 30 April 2013.
Jump up ^ "CFK arrives in Brazil to take part at Rio +20 Summit". Buenos Aires Herald. 20 June 2012. Retrieved 30 April 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Gerhardt, Tina (25 June 2012). "Rio+20: A Crisis Is a Terrible Thing to Waste". The Huffington Post. Retrieved 30 April 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c Vaughan, Adam (21 June 2012). "Rio+20 summit: Thursday as it happened". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 30 April 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b "Rio+20: All eyes on Manmohan Singh, Wen Jiabao". The Times of India. 20 June 2012. Retrieved 30 April 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b "From the Green Economy to Communality". Retrieved 30 April 2013.
Jump up ^ Chrisafis, Angelique (18 June 2012). "Rio+20: France seeks one agenda to end poverty and protect environment". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 30 April 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b Tercek, Mark (28 June 2012). "Rio+20: Leadership from New Directions". The Huffington Post. Retrieved 30 April 2013.
Jump up ^ "Haiti – Politic : Speeches of President Martelly to Rio+20". Haiti Libre. Retrieved 30 April 2013.
Jump up ^ "Rio+20 a generational opportunity' says PM". The Himalayan Times. 22 June 2012. Retrieved 30 April 2013.
Jump up ^ "Jonathan, Rio 20 and the Environment". This Day. 26 June 2012. Retrieved 30 April 2013.
Jump up ^ "'Godmother Gro' hailed in Rio". Retrieved 30 April 2013.
Jump up ^ "World Leaders to Tour Region after G20 and Rio+20". Americas Quarterly. Retrieved 30 April 2013.
Jump up ^ "South Africa: President Zuma Returns From Rio+20 Conference". 24 June 2013. Retrieved 30 April 2013.
Jump up ^ "Lee champions green growth at Rio+20 meeting". The Korea Times. 21 June 2012. Retrieved 30 April 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b Vaughan, Adam (20 June 2012). "Rio+20 summit: Opening day live blog". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 30 April 2013.
Jump up ^ "Rio 20 proves a damp squib of a summit". The Sunday Times. 24 June 2012. Retrieved 30 April 2013.
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Jump up ^ Wallace, Scott. "Last of the Amazon". National Geographic. Retrieved 4 August 2014.
Jump up ^ Barnes, Taylor (4 August 1692). "Stars of the Earth Summit". Green Blog.
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Jump up ^ "Ahmadinejad, otra vez en América latina". Lanacion.com.ar. Retrieved 4 August 2014.
Jump up ^ "Iranian president to attend Rio+20 Conference " Iran Daily Brief". Irandailybrief.com. 30 May 2012. Retrieved 4 August 2014.
Jump up ^ "Iraniano acredita que Ahmadinejad vem à Rio +20 para mostrar que o Irã tem amigos – GloboNews – Vídeos do Jornal das Dez – Catálogo de Vídeos". G1.globo.com. 30 May 2012. Retrieved 4 August 2014.
Jump up ^ "Activists walk through Rio, demonstrating against the presence of the Iranian delegation at the summit". Flickr.com. 17 June 2012. Retrieved 4 August 2014.
Jump up ^ "Activists walk through Rio, demonstrating against the presence of the Iranian delegation at the summit". Flickr.com. 17 June 2012. Retrieved 4 August 2014.
Jump up ^ Rozen, Laura (25 June 2012). "Blame it on Rio? Israeli delegate says Iran's Ahmadinejad waved at them | The Back Channel". Backchannel.al-monitor.com. Retrieved 4 August 2014.
Jump up ^ "Rio+20 : The Seventh issue of the magazine". Uncsd2012.org. 11 April 2012. Retrieved 4 August 2014.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development – Rio 2012.
United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development
Our Common Future: Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development
Videos, photos and informations about the Summit in Brazil
Rio+20 Portal. Building the Peoples Summit
Rio + 20: An Endangered Species?, March/April 2012 journal Environment
Rio+20 and Sustainable Development: 12 Things to Know Asian Development Bank
The Future We Want
Earth Summit 2012
Only One Earth – the Long Road via Rio to Sustainable Development, the history from Stockholm to Rio by Felix Dodds, Michael Strauss with Maurice Strong
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Spain national football team records and statistics
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The following details the Spain national football team records.
Contents
[hide]
1 Records
1.1 Worldwide
1.2 Nationwide
1.3 Top goalscorers
1.4 Top assists
1.5 Most capped Spain players
1.6 Top penalty scorers
1.7 Hat-tricks
1.8 Biggest wins
1.9 Heaviest defeats
2 Notes
3 References
Records[edit]
Worldwide[edit]
Most consecutive games undefeated
35 (2007–2009) (shared with Brazil between 1993–1996)
Most consecutive wins including friendlies
15 (2008–2009)
Most consecutive competitive games undefeated
29 (2010–2013)
Most consecutive wins achieved by an international coach from debut
13 – Vicente del Bosque
Most shootouts in one World Cup by one team
2 at the 2002 FIFA World Cup (shared with Argentina at the 1990 FIFA World Cup, Netherlands and Costa Rica at the 2014 FIFA World Cup)
Highest number of points in World Cup qualification
30 out of 30 points (2008–2009)
Nationwide[edit]
Most international caps
167 – Iker Casillas
Most international goals
59 – David Villa
Most international assists
31 – Cesc Fàbregas
Most goals scored in one season
13 – David Villa (2008–2009)
Most hat-tricks scored
3 – Fernando Torres & David Villa
Most consecutive games ended with at least one goal
6 – David Villa
Top scorer in World Cup finals
9 – David Villa
Most goals scored in one World Cup
5 – Emilio Butragueño (1986) & David Villa (2010)
Most goals scored in consecutive matches at World Cup
4 – David Villa (2010)
Top scorer in European Championship finals
5 – Fernando Torres
Most goals scored in one European Championship
4 – David Villa (2008)
Top scorer in Confederations Cup finals
8 – Fernando Torres
Most goals scored in one Confederations Cup
5 – Fernando Torres (2013)
Top goalscorers[edit]
David Villa is Spain's all-time leading scorer with a tally of 59 goals.
As of 12 November 2017, the ten highest scorers for Spain are:
#
Player
Career
Goals
Caps
Average
1 David Villa 2005– 59 98 0.608
2 Raúl 1996–2006 44 102 0.431
3 Fernando Torres 2003–2014 38 110 0.345
4 David Silva 2006– 35 117 0.299
5 Fernando Hierro 1989–2002 29 89 0.326
6 Fernando Morientes 1998–2007 27 47 0.574
7 Emilio Butragueño 1984–1992 26 69 0.377
8 Alfredo Di Stéfano 1957–1961 23 31 0.742
9 Julio Salinas 1986–1996 22 56 0.411
10 Míchel 1985–1992 21 66 0.318
Bold denotes players still playing international football.
Top assists[edit]
As of 12 November 2017, the highest assists for Spain are:
#
Player
Career
Assists
Caps
1 Cesc Fàbregas 2006–2016 31 110
2 Xavi 2000–2014 27 133
3 David Silva 2006– 27 117
4 Andrés Iniesta 2006– 24 122
Bold denotes players still playing international football.
Most capped Spain players[edit]
Main article: List of Spain international footballers
Iker Casillas is the most capped player in the history of the national team, with a record of 167 matches.
As of 12 November 2017, the players with the most caps for Spain are:
#
Name
Career
Caps
Goals
1 Iker Casillas 2000–2016 167 0
2 Sergio Ramos 2005– 150 11
3 Xavi 2000–2014 133 12
4 Andoni Zubizarreta 1985–1998 126 0
5 Andrés Iniesta 2006– 122 14
6 David Silva 2006– 117 35
7 Xabi Alonso 2003–2014 114 16
8 Cesc Fàbregas 2006– 110 14
= Fernando Torres 2003–2014 110 38
10 Raúl 1996–2006 102 44
11 Sergio Busquets 2008– 101 2
12 Carles Puyol 2000–2013 100 3
13 David Villa 2005– 98 59
14 Gerard Piqué 2009– 93 5
15 Fernando Hierro 1989–2002 89 29
16 José Antonio Camacho 1975–1988 81 0
17 Santi Cazorla 2008–2015 77 14
18 Rafael Gordillo 1978–1988 75 3
19 Emilio Butragueño 1984–1992 69 26
= Carlos Marchena 2002–2011 69 2
21 Luis Arconada 1976–1986 68 0
22 Míchel 1985–1992 66 21
23 Pedro 2010– 65 17
24 Luis Enrique 1991–2002 62 12
= Miguel Angel Nadal 1991–2002 62 3
26 Joan Capdevila 2002–2011 60 4
= Víctor Muñoz 1981–1988 60 3
28 Jordi Alba 2011– 57 7
29 Álvaro Arbeloa 2008–2013 56 0
= Julio Salinas 1986–1996 56 22
= Santillana 1975–1985 56 15
= Sergi 1994–2002 56 1
33 Abelardo 1991–2001 54 3
= Rafael Alkorta 1990–1998 54 0
35 Joseba Etxeberria 1997–2004 53 12
= Míchel Salgado 1998–2006 53 0
37 Raúl Albiol 2007–2015 51 0
= Joaquín 2002–2007 51 4
= David Albelda 2001–2008 51 0
40 José Ángel Iribar 1964–1976 49 0
41 Manolo Sanchís 1986–1992 48 1
42 Pep Guardiola 1992–2000 47 5
= Iván Helguera 1998–2004 47 3
= Fernando Morientes 1998–2007 47 27
45 Santiago Cañizares 1993–2006 46 0
= Juan Carlos Valerón 1998–2005 46 5
= Ricardo Zamora 1920–1936 46 0
48 Rubén Baraja 2000–2005 43 7
= Francisco Gento 1955–1969 43 5
50 Amancio Amaro 1962–1974 42 11
= Ricardo Gallego 1982–1988 42 2
52 Juan Mata 2009– 41 10
= Juan Manuel Asensi 1969–1980 41 7
= Julen Guerrero 1993–2000 41 13
= Pirri 1966–1978 41 16
= Juan Antonio Señor 1982–1988 41 6
57 Gaizka Mendieta 1999–2002 40 8
58 Andoni Goikoetxea Olaskoaga 1983–1988 39 4
59 Alfonso 1992–2000 38 11
= Rafael Martín Vázquez 1987–1992 38 1
= Vicente 2001–2005 38 3
62 Guillermo Amor 1990–1998 37 4
63 Albert Ferrer 1991–1999 36 0
= Pepe Reina 2005– 36 0
= Koke 2013– 36 0
= Gallego 1966–1973 36 0
= Ion Andoni Goikoetxea 1990–1996 36 4
= Antonio Maceda 1981–1986 36 8
69 Francisco Carrasco 1979–1988 35 5
= Jesús Navas 2009– 35 3
= Quini 1970–1982 35 8
= Antoni Ramallets 1950–1961 35 0
73 José Ramón Alexanko 1978–1982 34 4
= Juanito 1976–1982 34 8
= Julio Alberto Moreno 1984–1988 34 0
76 Agustín Gaínza 1945–1955 33 10
77 Migueli 1974–1980 32 1
= Jesús María Satrústegui 1975–1982 32 8
= Luis Suárez 1957–1972 32 14
80 Alfredo Di Stéfano 1957–1961 31 23
81 José Mari Bakero 1987–1994 30 7
= Jesús María Zamora 1978–1982 30 3
Bold denotes players still playing international football.
Top penalty scorers[edit]
Fernando Hierro scored a joint record 9 international penalties for Spain
As of June 11, 2017.
Penalties
Player
9 Fernando Hierro
Míchel
7 David Villa
6 Xabi Alonso
5 Fernando Torres
4 Dani
3 Emilio Butragueño
Agustín Gaínza
Pep Guardiola
Pirri
Raúl
2 Francisco Carrasco
César
Ion Andoni Goikoetxea
Juanito
László Kubala
Gaizka Mendieta
David Silva
1 Txiki Begiristain
Santi Cazorla
Enrique Collar
Donato
Andrés Iniesta
José Iraragorri
Isidro Lángara
Manolo
Toni Muñoz
Félix Quesada
Quini
Sergio Ramos
Gaspar Rubio
Jesús María Satrústegui
Luis Suárez
Roberto López Ufarte
Vicente
Bold denotes players still playing international football.
Hat-tricks[edit]
As of June 14, 2014.
Player
Competition
Against
Home/Away
Result
Date
Villa, DavidDavid Villa 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup Tahiti Home 10–0 000000002013-06-20-000020 June 2013
Torres, FernandoFernando Torres 4 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup Tahiti Home 10–0 000000002013-06-20-000020 June 2013
Pedro, Pedro 2014 World Cup qualification Belarus Away 0–4 000000002012-10-12-000012 October 2012
Soldado, RobertoRoberto Soldado International Friendly Venezuela Home 5–0 000000002012-02-29-000029 February 2012
Torres, FernandoFernando Torres 2009 FIFA Confederations Cup New Zealand Away 0–5 000000002009-06-14-000014 June 2009
Villa, DavidDavid Villa International Friendly Azerbaijan Away 0–6 000000002009-06-09-00009 June 2009
Villa, DavidDavid Villa UEFA Euro 2008 Russia Home 4–1 000000002008-06-10-000010 June 2008
García, LuisLuis García 2006 World Cup qualification Slovakia Home 5–1 000000002005-11-12-000012 November 2005
Torres, FernandoFernando Torres 2006 World Cup qualification San Marino Away 0–5 000000002005-10-12-000012 October 2005
Morientes, FernandoFernando Morientes International Friendly Ecuador Home 4–0 000000002003-04-30-000030 April 2003
Urzaiz, IsmaelIsmael Urzaiz Euro 2000 qualifying Cyprus Home 8–0 000000001999-09-08-00008 September 1999
Guerrero, JulenJulen Guerrero Euro 2000 qualifying Cyprus Home 8–0 000000001999-09-08-00008 September 1999
Luis Enrique, Luis Enrique Euro 2000 qualifying San Marino Home 9–0 000000001999-06-05-00005 June 1999
Raul Raúl 4 Euro 2000 qualifying San Marino Away 9–0 000000001999-03-31-000031 March 1999
Raul Raúl 4 Euro 2000 qualifying Austria Home 9–0 000000001999-03-27-000027 March 1999
Guerrero, JulenJulen Guerrero 1998 World Cup qualification Malta Away 0–3 000000001996-12-18-000018 December 1996
Alfonso, Alfonso 1998 World Cup qualification Faroe Islands Away 2–6 000000001996-09-04-00004 September 1996
Salinas, JulioJulio Salinas 1994 World Cup qualification Albania Away 1–5 000000001993-09-22-000022 September 1993
Butragueño, EmilioEmilio Butragueño 4 Euro 1992 qualifying Albania Home 9–0 000000001990-12-19-000019 December 1990
Michel Míchel 1990 FIFA World Cup South Korea Away 1–3 000000001990-06-17-000017 June 1990
Bakero, José MaríaJosé María Bakero Euro 1988 qualifying Albania Home 5–0 000000001987-11-18-000018 November 1987
Butragueño, EmilioEmilio Butragueño 4 1986 FIFA World Cup Denmark Away 1–5 000000001986-06-18-000018 June 1986
Santillana, Santillana 4 Euro 1984 qualifying Malta Home 12–1 000000001983-12-21-000021 December 1983
Rincon, HipolitoHipólito Rincón 4 Euro 1984 qualifying Malta Home 12–1 000000001983-12-21-000021 December 1983
Pereda, Jesús MaríaJesús María Pereda 1966 World Cup qualification Republic of Ireland Home 4–1 000000001965-10-27-000027 October 1965
Guillot, VicenteVicente Guillot 1964 European Nations' Cup qualifying Romania Home 6–0 000000001962-11-01-00001 November 1962
Tejada, JustoJusto Tejada 4 International Friendly Northern Ireland Home 6–2 000000001958-10-15-000015 October 1958
Kubala, LászlóLászló Kubala International Friendly Turkey Home 3–0 000000001957-11-16-000016 November 1957
Di Stéfano, AlfredoAlfredo Di Stéfano International Friendly Netherlands Home 5–1 000000001957-01-30-000030 January 1957
Zarra, TelmoTelmo Zarra 4 International Friendly Switzerland Home 6–3 000000001951-02-18-000018 February 1951
Basora, EstanislauEstanislau Basora International Friendly France Away 1–5 000000001949-06-19-000019 June 1949
Langara, IsidroIsidro Lángara 5 1934 World Cup qualification Portugal Home 9–0 000000001934-03-11-000011 March 1934
Langara, IsidroIsidro Lángara 4 International Friendly France Home 8–1 000000001929-04-14-000014 April 1929
Rubio, GasparGaspar Rubio International Friendly Portugal Home 5–0 000000001929-03-17-000017 March 1929
4 Player scored 4 goals
5 Player scored 5 goals
Biggest wins[edit]
Scores from 4–0 and up
Best Results by Spain
Date
Opponent
Round
Result
Difference
1 21 May 1933 Bulgaria Friendly 13 – 0 +13
2 21 December 1983 Malta 1984 EURO qualification 12 – 1 +11
3 20 June 2013 Tahiti 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup 10 – 0 +10
4 11 March 1934 Portugal 1934 World Cup qualification 9 – 0 +9
19 December 1990 Albania 1992 EURO qualification
27 March 1999 Austria 2000 EURO qualification
5 June 1999 San Marino 2000 EURO qualification
8 8 September 1999 Cyprus 2000 EURO qualification 8 – 0 +8
5 September 2016 Liechtenstein 2018 World Cup qualification
5 September 2017 Liechtenstein 2018 World Cup qualification
11 14 April 1929 France Friendly 8 – 1 +7
24 November 1971 Cyprus 1972 EURO qualification 7 – 0
13 30 May 1928 Mexico 1928 S.O. 1/8 7 – 1 +6
1 June 1952 Republic of Ireland Friendly 6 – 0
1 November 1952 Romania 1964 European Nations' Cup Q 6 – 0
15 October 1969 Finland 1970 FIFA World Cup qualification Q 6 – 0
6 September 1995 Cyprus UEFA Euro 1996 qualifying Q 6 – 0
31 March 1999 San Marino UEFA Euro 2000 qualifying Q 6 – 0
12 October 2005 San Marino 2006 FIFA World Cup qualification – UEFA Group 7 Q 6 – 0
9 June 2009 Azerbaijan Friendly 6 – 0
8 June 2010 Poland Friendly 6 – 0
6 September 2011 Liechtenstein UEFA Euro 2012 qualifying Group I 6 – 0
Heaviest defeats[edit]
Scores from 4–0 and up
Worst Results by Spain
Date
Opponent
Round
Venue
Result
Difference
1 4 June 1928 Italy 1928 S. Olympics quarter-final replay A 1 – 7 –6
9 December 1931 England Friendly A
2 13 July 1950 Brazil 1950 FIFA World Cup final round A 1 – 6 −5
3 13 June 1963 Scotland Friendly H 2 – 6 –4
13 June 2014 Netherlands 2014 FIFA World Cup Group Stage A 1 – 5
19 April 1942 Italy Friendly A 0 – 4
17 November 2010 Portugal Friendly A
Notes[edit]
References[edit]
[hide]
v
t
e
Spain national football team
General
History
Managers
Venues
Ciudad del Fútbol
Home venues
Statistics
Results and Fixtures
Records
Head to head
World Cup record
Hat-tricks
Players
20+ caps
captains
World Cup & Euro Championship squads
Other categories
World Cup Finals
Summary
1934
1950
1962
1966
1978
1982
1986
1990
1994
1998
2002
2006
2010
2014
2018
UEFA Euro Finals
Summary
1964
1980
1984
1988
1996
2000
2004
2008
2012
2016
Other tournaments
FIFA Confederations Cup
The Olympics
Rivalries
Rivalry with Italy
Rivalry with Portugal
Other RFEF teams
Men
Under-23
Under-21
Under-20
Under-19
Under-18
Under-17
Under-16
Under-15
Women
Results
Under-20
Under-19
Under-17
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spain_national_football_team_records_and_statistics&oldid=832104215"
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Small Steps (novel)
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Small Steps
US first edition cover
Author
Louis Sachar
Cover artist
Amy Guip
Country
United States
Language
English
Series
Holes
Genre
Young adult novel
Publisher
Delacorte Press (US)
Bloomsbury (UK)
Doubleday Canada (CAN)
Publication date
January 10, 2006
Pages
257
Small Steps is a 2006 novel for young adults by Louis Sachar, first published by Delacorte Books (Dell).[1] It is a spinoff and the sequel to Holes, although the main character of Holes, Stanley Yelnats, is only briefly and indirectly mentioned.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Reception
3 Publishing history
4 References
Plot[edit]
Two years after his release from Camp Green Lake, Theodore "Armpit" Johnson is living in Austin, Texas trying to build a stable lifestyle by digging deep holes and caring for his neighbor Ginny McDonald, a ten-year-old girl with cerebral palsy. While working at the mayor's home, he is approached by Rex "X-Ray" Washburn, one of his friends from Camp Green Lake, who wants Armpit to loan him money for a ticket scalping scheme for an upcoming concert by teen pop star Kaira Deleon. Armpit agrees, and at first the scheme seems to go as planned.
He asks X-Ray to give him the last two tickets to the concert, so he can take Tatiana, the girl he admires in his summer class, on a date. At first X-Ray is unwilling because he already has a buyer for the tickets, but eventually he agrees to give them to Armpit.
Later, Tatiana says she would be unable to come to the concert because a couple of her friends had said bad things about him although she did not mention this to his face, so Armpit decides to take Ginny instead. When the remaining tickets are discovered to be counterfeit, Armpit is beaten and handcuffed by the police while Ginny has a seizure. Luckily, the mayor of the city—who remembers Armpit from the landscaping work he did for her—intervenes; and singer Kaira DeLeon, upon discovering the situation, invites Armpit and Ginny to watch her from backstage. After the concert, they join her to share ice cream. A couple days later Kaira and Armpit meet up for breakfast in the four seasons hotel. They go outside and Kaira tries to guess what Armpit's nickname is. He said that if he told her she would have to touch that body part that was his nickname. He tells her and then she touches his armpit.
The next day, X-Ray reveals that he had made the counterfeit tickets, selling the genuine ones to the buyer. He gives Armpit the money gained by selling the missing genuine tickets. After a few days, Armpit receives a love letter from Kaira DeLeon.
Some time afterward, Detective Debbie Newberg of the Austin Police Department questions Armpit about the counterfeit tickets; where upon Armpit invents a culprit to avert suspicion from himself and X-Ray.
Later still, Armpit is invited to San Francisco by Kaira; but is accosted by ticket sellers Felix and Moses, who beat X-Ray and threaten to expose both of them to the police unless Armpit gives them the letter that Kaira sent earlier. Having agreed to do so, Armpit meets Kaira in San Francisco. In a coffee shop on the Italian part of San Francisco called North Beach, he tries to explain the counterfeit tickets and how he has to sell her love letter. He asks her if she will write another love letter, so he can sell it. Kaira believes Armpit is after her money and does not care about her as a person. This results in an argument which ends by Kaira throwing coffee all over Armpit, then storming away.
Meanwhile, Kaira's business manager and stepfather, Jerome "El Genius" Paisley, plots to kill Kaira and frame Armpit for the murder. Jerome is jealous and angry because Kaira plans to fire him when she turns eighteen, in two months. Jerome enters Kaira's room and attacks her with a metal bat, which was the same one that he showed Armpit earlier. Although she ends up unconscious and seriously hurt, Kaira survives, after Armpit and Fred (her bodyguard) stop Jerome. Jerome goes to jail. Kaira later recovers, though is told she may not be able to sing again. Also, it is discovered that Aileen, Kaira's mother's best friend, had stolen almost all of the money in Kaira's trust account. Aileen is put in jail, but Kaira's money is never recovered, leaving Kaira broke.
Armpit arrives home and is visited one last time by Detective Newberg. She reveals that she knows Armpit bought the tickets from X-Ray, but that she is closing the case. Later on, Armpit hears Kaira on the radio singing about her and Armpit's relationship, accompanied only by a piano. Armpit is touched by this. He accepts his life can't revolve around Kaira DeLeon, and decides to continue with his plan of taking small steps towards making a better life for himself.
Reception[edit]
In a review for Holes, Josh Lacey commented Small Steps "has a lot to recommend it - funny dialogue, a fast-moving story, some emotive scenes, an interesting central character - but does inevitably suffer by comparison with Sachar's last novel."[2] During his review for the New York Times, A.O. Scott praised the novel's prose as being "clear and relaxed, and funny in a low-key, observant way," and observed that unlike Holes, in Small Steps "the realism is more conventional, and the book sticks more closely to the genre of young-adult problem literature."[3]
Publishing history[edit]
Sachar, Louis. Small Steps. New York: Delacorte, 2006. Print.
Sachar, Louis. Small Steps, Holes Series, New York: Delacorte, 2006. Press.
References[edit]
Children and Young Adult Literature portal
Jump up ^ Small Steps at WorldCat
Jump up ^ Lacey, Josh, "Filling in the Holes story", The Guardian, published 4 February 2006, retrieved 18 November 2015
Jump up ^ Scott, A.O., "Small Steps, by Louis Sachar", New York Times, published 15 January 2006, retrieved 18 November 2015
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Small_Steps_(novel)&oldid=837908025"
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