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San Andreas Fault
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For other uses, see San Andreas (disambiguation).
San Andreas Fault
The fault, right,
and the Carrizo Plain, left
Arrows show relative motion of the two plates
Named by
Andrew Lawson
Year defined
1895
Country
United States
State
California
Cities
San Francisco
Characteristics
Segments
Calaveras, Hayward, Elsinore, Imperial, Laguna Salada, San Jacinto
Length
1,200 km (750 mi)
Displacement
20–35 mm (0.79–1.38 in)/yr
Tectonics
Plate
North American & Pacific
Status
Active
Earthquakes
1857, 1906 (Mw ~7.8), 1957 (Mw 5.7), 1989 (Mw ~6.9), 2004
Type
Transform fault
Movement
Dextral
Age
Neogene-Holocene
Orogeny
Gorda-California-Nevada
The San Andreas Fault is a continental transform fault that extends roughly 1,200 kilometers (750 mi) through California.[1] It forms the tectonic boundary between the Pacific Plate and the North American Plate, and its motion is right-lateral strike-slip (horizontal). The fault divides into three segments, each with different characteristics and a different degree of earthquake risk. The slip rate along the fault ranges from 20 to 35 mm (0.79 to 1.38 in)/yr.[1]
The fault was identified in 1895 by Professor Andrew Lawson of UC Berkeley, who discovered the northern zone. It is often described as having been named after San Andreas Lake, a small body of water that was formed in a valley between the two plates. However, according to some of his reports from 1895 and 1908, Lawson actually named it after the surrounding San Andreas Valley.[2] Following the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, Lawson concluded that the fault extended all the way into southern California.
In 1953, geologist Thomas Dibblee concluded that hundreds of miles of lateral movement could occur along the fault. A project called the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD) near Parkfield, Monterey County, is drilling into the fault to improve prediction and recording of future earthquakes.[citation needed]
Contents
[hide]
1 Fault zones
1.1 Northern
1.2 Central
1.3 Southern
2 Plate boundaries
3 Formation
4 Study
4.1 Early years
4.2 Current research
4.3 The next "Big One"
4.4 Cascadia connection
5 Earthquakes
6 See also
7 References
8 Further reading
9 External links
Fault zones[edit]
Northern[edit]
See also: Calaveras Fault and Hayward Fault Zone
A map displaying each of the seven major fault lines in the San Francisco Bay Area, and the probability of an M6.7 earthquake or higher occurring on each fault line between 2003 and 2032.
The northern segment of the fault runs from Hollister, through the Santa Cruz Mountains, epicenter of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, then up the San Francisco Peninsula, where it was first identified by Professor Lawson in 1895, then offshore at Daly City near Mussel Rock. This is the approximate location of the epicenter of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. The fault returns onshore at Bolinas Lagoon just north of Stinson Beach in Marin County. It returns underwater through the linear trough of Tomales Bay which separates the Point Reyes Peninsula from the mainland, runs just east of Bodega Head through Bodega Bay and back underwater, returning onshore at Fort Ross. (In this region around the San Francisco Bay Area several significant "sister faults" run more-or-less parallel, and each of these can create significantly destructive earthquakes.) From Fort Ross, the northern segment continues overland, forming in part a linear valley through which the Gualala River flows. It goes back offshore at Point Arena. After that, it runs underwater along the coast until it nears Cape Mendocino, where it begins to bend to the west, terminating at the Mendocino Triple Junction.
Central[edit]
The central segment of the San Andreas Fault runs in a northwestern direction from Parkfield to Hollister. While the southern section of the fault and the parts through Parkfield experience earthquakes, the rest of the central section of the fault exhibits a phenomenon called aseismic creep, where the fault slips continuously without causing earthquakes.
Southern[edit]
See also: Elsinore Fault Zone, Imperial Fault, Laguna Salada Fault, and San Jacinto Fault Zone
Aerial photo of the San Andreas Fault in the Carrizo Plain
The Vasquez Rocks in Agua Dulce, California are evidence of the San Andreas Fault line and part of the 2,650-mile Pacific Crest Trail.
The Mormon Rocks within Cajon Pass show the physical movement of the San Andreas fault in southern California.
3-D perspective view of Earth's San Andreas Fault in the Temblor Range
The southern segment (also known as the Mojave segment) begins near Bombay Beach, California. Box Canyon, near the Salton Sea, contains upturned strata associated with that section of the fault.[3] The fault then runs along the southern base of the San Bernardino Mountains, crosses through the Cajon Pass and continues northwest along the northern base of the San Gabriel Mountains. These mountains are a result of movement along the San Andreas Fault and are commonly called the Transverse Range. In Palmdale, a portion of the fault is easily examined at a roadcut for the Antelope Valley Freeway. The fault continues northwest alongside the Elizabeth Lake Road to the town of Elizabeth Lake. As it passes the towns of Gorman, Tejon Pass and Frazier Park, the fault begins to bend northward, forming the "Big Bend". This restraining bend is thought to be where the fault locks up in Southern California, with an earthquake-recurrence interval of roughly 140–160 years. Northwest of Frazier Park, the fault runs through the Carrizo Plain, a long, treeless plain where much of the fault is plainly visible. The Elkhorn Scarp defines the fault trace along much of its length within the plain.
The southern segment, which stretches from Parkfield in Monterey County all the way to the Salton Sea, is capable of an 8.1-magnitude earthquake. At its closest, this fault passes about 35 miles (56 km) to the northeast of Los Angeles. Such a large earthquake on this southern segment would kill thousands of people in Los Angeles, San Bernardino, Riverside, and surrounding areas, and cause hundreds of billions of dollars in damage.[4]
Plate boundaries[edit]
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The Pacific Plate, to the west of the fault, is moving in a northwest direction while the North American Plate to the east is moving toward the southwest, but relatively southeast under the influence of plate tectonics. The rate of slippage averages about 33 to 37 millimeters (1.3 to 1.5 in) a year across California.[5]
The southwestward motion of the North American Plate towards the Pacific is creating compressional forces along the eastern side of the fault. The effect is expressed as the Coast Ranges. The northwest movement of the Pacific Plate is also creating significant compressional forces which are especially pronounced where the North American Plate has forced the San Andreas to jog westward. This has led to the formation of the Transverse Ranges in Southern California, and to a lesser but still significant extent, the Santa Cruz Mountains (the location of the Loma Prieta earthquake in 1989).
Studies of the relative motions of the Pacific and North American plates have shown that only about 75 percent of the motion can be accounted for in the movements of the San Andreas and its various branch faults. The rest of the motion has been found in an area east of the Sierra Nevada mountains called the Walker Lane or Eastern California Shear Zone. The reason for this is not clear. Several hypotheses have been offered and research is ongoing. One hypothesis – which gained interest following the Landers earthquake in 1992 – suggests the plate boundary may be shifting eastward away from the San Andreas towards Walker Lane.
Assuming the plate boundary does not change as hypothesized, projected motion indicates that the landmass west of the San Andreas Fault, including Los Angeles, will eventually slide past San Francisco, then continue northwestward toward the Aleutian Trench, over a period of perhaps twenty million years.
Formation[edit]
Tectonic evolution of the San Andreas Fault.
The San Andreas began to form in the mid Cenozoic about 30 Mya (million years ago).[6] At this time, a spreading center between the Pacific Plate and the Farallon Plate (which is now mostly subducted, with remnants including the Juan de Fuca Plate, Rivera Plate, Cocos Plate, and the Nazca Plate) was beginning to reach the subduction zone off the western coast of North America. As the relative motion between the Pacific and North American Plates was different from the relative motion between the Farallon and North American Plates, the spreading ridge began to be "subducted", creating a new relative motion and a new style of deformation along the plate boundaries. These geological features are what are chiefly seen along San Andreas Fault. It also includes a possible driver for the deformation of the Basin and Range, separation of the Baja California Peninsula, and rotation of the Transverse Range.
The main southern section of the San Andreas Fault proper has only existed for about 5 million years.[7] The first known incarnation of the southern part of the fault was Clemens Well-Fenner-San Francisquito fault zone around 22–13 Ma. This system added the San Gabriel Fault as a primary focus of movement between 10–5 Ma. Currently, it is believed that the modern San Andreas will eventually transfer its motion toward a fault within the Eastern California Shear Zone. This complicated evolution, especially along the southern segment, is mostly caused by either the "Big Bend" and/or a difference in the motion vector between the plates and the trend of the fault and it surrounding branches.
Study[edit]
Early years[edit]
The fault was first identified in Northern California by UC Berkeley geology professor Andrew Lawson in 1895 and named by him after the Laguna de San Andreas, a small lake which lies in a linear valley formed by the fault just south of San Francisco. Eleven years later, Lawson discovered that the San Andreas Fault stretched southward into southern California after reviewing the effects of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. Large-scale (hundreds of miles) lateral movement along the fault was first proposed in a 1953 paper by geologists Mason Hill and Thomas Dibblee. This idea, which was considered radical at the time, has since been vindicated by modern plate tectonics.[8]
Current research[edit]
Seismologists discovered that the San Andreas Fault near Parkfield in central California consistently produces a magnitude 6.0 earthquake approximately once every 22 years. Following recorded seismic events in 1857, 1881, 1901, 1922, 1934, and 1966, scientists predicted that another earthquake should occur in Parkfield in 1993. It eventually occurred in 2004. Due to the frequency of predictable activity, Parkfield has become one of the most important areas in the world for large earthquake research.
In 2004, work began just north of Parkfield on the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD). The goal of SAFOD is to drill a hole nearly 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) into the Earth's crust and into the San Andreas Fault. An array of sensors will be installed to record earthquakes that happen near this area.[9]
The San Andreas Fault System has been the subject of a flood of studies. In particular, scientific research performed during the last 23 years has given rise to about 3,400 publications.[10]
The next "Big One"[edit]
Radar generated 3-D view of the San Andreas Fault, at Crystal Springs Reservoir near San Mateo, California.[11]
A study published in 2006 in the journal Nature found that the San Andreas fault has reached a sufficient stress level for an earthquake of magnitude greater than 7.0 on the moment magnitude scale to occur.[12] This study also found that the risk of a large earthquake may be increasing more rapidly than scientists had previously believed. Moreover, the risk is currently concentrated on the southern section of the fault, i.e. the region around Los Angeles, because massive earthquakes have occurred relatively recently on the central (1857) and northern (1906) segments of the fault, while the southern section has not seen any similar rupture for at least 300 years. According to this study, a massive earthquake on that southern section of the San Andreas fault would result in major damage to the Palm Springs-Indio metropolitan area and other cities in San Bernardino, Riverside and Imperial counties in California, and Mexicali Municipality in Baja California. It would be strongly felt (and potentially cause significant damage) throughout much of Southern California, including densely populated areas of Los Angeles County, Ventura County, Orange County, San Diego County, Ensenada Municipality and Tijuana Municipality, Baja California, San Luis Rio Colorado in Sonora and Yuma, Arizona. Older buildings would be especially prone to damage or collapse, as would buildings built on unconsolidated gravel or in coastal areas where water tables are high (and thus subject to soil liquefaction). The paper concluded:
The information available suggests that the fault is ready for the next big earthquake but exactly when the triggering will happen and when the earthquake will occur we cannot tell [...] It could be tomorrow or it could be 10 years or more from now.[12]
Nevertheless, in the 11 years since that publication there has not been a substantial quake in the Los Angeles area, and two major reports issued by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) have made variable predictions as to the risk of future seismic events. The ability to predict major earthquakes with sufficient precision to warrant increased precautions has remained elusive.[13]
The U.S. Geological Survey most recent forecast, known as UCERF3 (Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast 3), released in November 2013, estimated that an earthquake of magnitude 6.7 M or greater (i.e. equal to or greater than the 1994 Northridge earthquake) occurs about once every 6.7 years statewide. The same report also estimated there is a 7% probability that an earthquake of magnitude 8.0 or greater will occur in the next 30 years somewhere along the San Andreas Fault.[14] A different USGS study in 2008 tried to assess the physical, social and economic consequences of a major earthquake in southern California. That study predicted that a magnitude 7.8 earthquake along the southern San Andreas Fault could cause about 1,800 deaths and $213 billion in damage.[15]
Cascadia connection[edit]
A 2008 paper, studying past earthquakes along the Pacific coastal zone, found a correlation in time between seismic events on the northern San Andreas Fault and the southern part of the Cascadia subduction zone (which stretches from Vancouver Island to northern California). Scientists believe quakes on the Cascadia subduction zone may have triggered most of the major quakes on the northern San Andreas within the past 3,000 years. The evidence also shows the rupture direction going from north to south in each of these time-correlated events. However the 1906 San Francisco earthquake seems to have been the exception to this correlation because the plate movement was moved mostly from south to north and it was not preceded by a major quake in the Cascadia zone.[16]
Earthquakes[edit]
See also: List of earthquakes in California
The San Andreas Fault has had some notable earthquakes in historic times:
1857 Fort Tejon earthquake: About 350 kilometers (220 mi) were ruptured in central and southern California. Though it is known as the Fort Tejon earthquake, the epicenter is thought to have been located far to the north, just south of Parkfield. Two deaths were reported. The magnitude was about 7.9.
1906 San Francisco earthquake: About 430 kilometers (270 mi) were ruptured in Northern California. The epicenter was near San Francisco. At least 3,000 people died in the earthquake and subsequent fires. The magnitude was estimated to be 7.8.
1957 San Francisco earthquake: A magnitude 5.7 quake with an epicenter on the San Andreas fault in the ocean west of San Francisco and Daly City.
1989 Loma Prieta earthquake: About 40 kilometers (25 mi) were ruptured (although the rupture did not reach the surface) near Santa Cruz, California, causing 63 deaths and moderate damage in certain vulnerable locations in the San Francisco Bay Area. Moment magnitude was about 6.9. This quake occurred on October 17, 1989, at approximately 5:04 PM PDT.
2004 Parkfield earthquake: On September 28, 2004 at 10:15 a.m. PDT, a magnitude 6.0 earthquake struck the Parkfield area. It was felt across the state, including the San Francisco Bay Area.
See also[edit]
San Francisco Bay Area portal
Earthquakes portal
California earthquake forecast
Central Valley (California)
Coast Range Geomorphic Province
Garlock Fault
Geologic timeline of Western North America
North Anatolian Fault
Ramapo Fault
San Andreas (film)
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "San Andreas Fault Zone". CalTech. Retrieved 2017-06-20.
Jump up ^ "Earthquake Facts". earthquake.usgs.gov. Retrieved 2016-05-28.
Jump up ^ Americansouthwest.net "Box Canyon"
Jump up ^ Rong-Gong Lin II (October 8, 2010). "San Andreas fault capable of magnitude 8.1 earthquake over 340-mile swath of California, researchers say". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2012-02-17.
Jump up ^ Wallace, Robert E. "Present-Day Crustal Movements and the Mechanics of Cyclic Deformation". The San Andreas Fault System, California. Retrieved 2007-10-26.
Jump up ^ Atwater, T., 1970, Implications of Plate Tectonics for the Cenozoic Tectonic Evolution of Western North America
Jump up ^ Powell, R.E.; Weldon, R.J. (1992). "Evolution of the San Andreas fault". Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 20: 431–468.
Jump up ^ Mason L. Hill; Thomas Dibblee (April 1953). "San Andreas, Garlock, and Big faults, California". Geological Society of America Bulletin: 443–458. ISBN 978-0-8137-2338-9.
Jump up ^ "San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth". USGS Earthquake Hazards Program. USGS.
Jump up ^ Gizzi F.T. (2015). "Worldwide trends in research on the San Andreas Fault System" (PDF). Arabian Journal of Geosciences. 8 (12): 10893–10909. doi:10.1007/s12517-015-1878-4.
Jump up ^ NASA (June 23, 2009). "NASA Radar Provides 3-D View of San Andreas Fault". National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Retrieved 2012-02-17.
^ Jump up to: a b Fialko, Yuri (2006). "Interseismic strain accumulation and the earthquake potential on the southern San Andreas fault System" (PDF). Nature. 441 (7096): 968–971. Bibcode:2006Natur.441..968F. doi:10.1038/nature04797. PMID 16791192.
Jump up ^ Geller, Robert J. (Dec 1997). "Earthquake prediction: a critical review". Geophysical Journal International. 131 (3): 425–450. Bibcode:1997GeoJI.131..425G. doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.1997.tb06588.x.
Jump up ^ "New Long-Term Earthquake Forecast for California". USGS.
Jump up ^ "The ShakeOut Scenario". USGS.
Jump up ^ BSSA (April 3, 2008). "Earthquakes Along The Cascadia And San Andreas Faults May Be Linked, Affecting Risk To San Francisco Bay Region". Seismological Society of America. Retrieved 2012-02-17.
Further reading[edit]
Collier, Michael (December 1, 1999). A Land in Motion. UC Press. ISBN 0-520-21897-3.
Stoffer, Philip W. (2006). Where's the San Andreas fault? A guidebook to tracing the fault on public lands in the San Francisco Bay region. USGS. General Interest Publication 16.
The California Earthquake of April 18, 1906: Report of the State Earthquake Investigation Commission, Andrew C. Lawson, chairman, Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication 87, 2 vols. (1908). Available online at this USGS webpage.
Lynch, David K. (2006). Field Guide to the San Andreas Fault: See and Touch the World's Most Famous Fault on any one of Twelve Easy Day Trips. Thule Scientific. ISBN 0-9779935-0-7. Full color, GPS coordinates,.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to San Andreas Fault.
The Parkfield, California, Earthquake Experiment at the USGS
San Andreas Fault Zone Observatory at Depth at the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program
The San Andreas Fault by Sandra S. Schulz and Robert E. Wallace
Complete Report for San Andreas fault zone, Peninsula section (Class A) No. 1c from the USGS
New Scripps Study Reveals San Andreas Fault Set for the 'Big One' at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography
San Andreas Fault at Wallace Creek – Kite Aerial Photography from the USGS
"Scientists Search for a Pulse in Skies Above Earthquake Country" at JPL
The Day California Cracks at Bloomberg Businessweek
Google Maps Satellite View on Geology.com
San Andreas Fault in Southern California
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Seismically active fault zones and tectonic blocks of California
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The Assassination of Gianni Versace: American Crime Story
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Assassination of Gianni Versace: American Crime Story
Promotional poster
Starring
Édgar Ramírez
Darren Criss
Ricky Martin
Penélope Cruz
Country of origin
United States
No. of episodes
9
Release
Original network
FX
Original release
January 17 – March 21, 2018
Season chronology
← Previous
The People v. O. J. Simpson
List of American Crime Story episodes
The Assassination of Gianni Versace: American Crime Story is the second season of the FX true crime anthology television series American Crime Story. The season premiered on January 17, 2018,[1][2] and concluded on March 21, 2018. It consists of a total of 9 episodes,[3] and explores the murder of designer Gianni Versace by serial killer Andrew Cunanan, based on Maureen Orth's book Vulgar Favors: Andrew Cunanan, Gianni Versace, and the Largest Failed Manhunt in U.S. History.[2][4]
Contents
[hide]
1 Cast and characters
1.1 Main
1.2 Special guest stars
1.3 Recurring
1.4 Guest
2 Episodes
3 Production
3.1 Development
3.2 Casting
3.3 Filming
4 Promotion
5 Reception
5.1 Reviews
5.2 Reaction from individuals involved
5.3 Ratings
6 Notes
7 References
8 External links
Cast and characters[edit]
Main article: List of American Crime Story cast members
Main[edit]
Édgar Ramírez as Gianni Versace
Darren Criss as Andrew Cunanan
Ricky Martin as Antonio D'Amico
Penélope Cruz as Donatella Versace
Special guest stars[edit]
Judith Light as Marilyn Miglin
Aimee Mann as Bar Singer
Finn Wittrock as Jeff Trail
Recurring[edit]
Joanna P. Adler as Mary Ann Cunanan
Joe Adler as Jerome Gentes
Annaleigh Ashford as Elizabeth Cote
Jon Jon Briones as Modesto Cunanan
Will Chase as Det. Paul Scrimshaw
Giovanni Cirfiera as Santo Versace
Mike Farrell as Lee Miglin
Jay R. Ferguson as Agent Keith Evans
Cody Fern as David Madson
Max Greenfield as Ronnie Holston
Sophie von Haselberg as Linda Elwell
Edouard Holdener as Young Andrew Cunanan
Christine Horn as Agent Talarah Gruber
John Lacy as Howard Madson
Cathy Moriarty as Vivian Oliva
Michael Nouri as Norman Blachford
Dascha Polanco as Det. Lori Wieder
Terry Sweeney as David Gallo
José Zúñiga as Det. George Navarro
Guest[edit]
Razaaq Adoti as Det. Pete Jackson
Vincenzo Amato as Versace Spokesman
Jack Armstrong as J. Paul Beitler
Cullen Douglas as Agent Reynolds
Nico Evers-Swindell as Philip Merrill
Alex Fernandez as Supt. Matt L. Rodriguez
Jacob Fortner as Duke Miglin
Molly Price as Escort Agency Manager
Paul Schneider as Paul Beck
Tara Summers as Laura Trail
Todd Waring as Lincoln Aston
Michael Shamus Wiles as Det. Robert Tichich
Episodes[edit]
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
Prod.
code
U.S. viewers
(millions)
11
1 "The Man Who Would Be Vogue" Ryan Murphy Tom Rob Smith January 17, 2018 (2018-01-17)[a] 3WAX01 2.22[6]
On the morning of July 15, 1997, fashion designer Gianni Versace is shot and killed outside his Miami Beach mansion by wanted spree killer Andrew Cunanan. Seven years earlier, Cunanan meets Versace at a gay nightclub in San Francisco and tells his roommates about the encounter the following morning, albeit with most of the details fabricated. Cunanan later attends a performance of Capriccio as Versace's guest and exchanges origin stories with him after the performance. In the present, Cunanan flees the scene, evading Versace's partner Antonio D'Amico. Versace, meanwhile, is rushed to the hospital and pronounced dead. As local police start to collaborate with the federal authorities, Versace's sister Donatella and brother Santo plan the future of their brother's business empire while Cunanan purchases newspapers covering Versace's death with a remorseless expression.
12
2 "Manhunt" Nelson Cragg Tom Rob Smith January 24, 2018 (2018-01-24) 3WAX02 1.42[7]
In March 1994, Versace learns that he is HIV positive and Donatella immediately blames Antonio for the illness. Three years later, Cunanan arrives in Miami after fleeing from South Carolina and moves into a motel under an assumed identity. He juggles working as a prostitute, giving his earnings to his homosexual neighbor Ronnie, and feeding his obsession with Versace. Versace, meanwhile, juggles dealing with creative block and reeling from Antonio's proposal of a wedding. While at a nightclub one evening, Cunanan surprises Versace and Antonio and attempts to follow them only to lose them in the crowd.
13
3 "A Random Killing" Gwyneth Horder-Payton Tom Rob Smith January 31, 2018 (2018-01-31) 3WAX03 1.26[8]
In May 1997, Chicago real estate developer Lee Miglin is found dead in his garage by his wife Marilyn. One week earlier, Miglin invites Cunanan, whom he knows as a gay escort, over to his house after Marilyn leaves Chicago to promote her perfume brand. Cunanan proceeds to brutally torture and kill Miglin before stealing his Lexus. In the present, detectives assigned to the case discover gay pornographic magazines surrounding Miglin's dead body. Marilyn insists that the killer owns the magazines and that her husband's murder was nothing more than a random killing. The authorities later use the car's phone in an attempt to track Cunanan, who learns about their plan after it is leaked to the media. He then abandons Miglin's Lexus in Pennsville, New Jersey before gunning down caretaker William Reese and stealing his red pick-up truck. Marilyn, meanwhile, deals with her grief as she continues to promote her perfume.
14
4 "House by the Lake" Daniel Minahan Tom Rob Smith February 7, 2018 (2018-02-07) 3WAX04 0.98[9]
In April 1997, Cunanan lures former acquaintance Jeff Trail to the Minneapolis loft-apartment of his former lover, David Madson, and bludgeons him to death with a claw hammer. After forcing Madson to remain complicit, Cunanan decides to flee to Mexico when one of Madson's co-workers visits him. The Minneapolis Police Department, meanwhile, discovers Trail's corpse and suspect Madson to be the killer. They proceed to question Madson's parents, who firmly believe that their son is innocent. When Madson confronts Cunanan about his lies, Cunanan realizes that he has lost his hold on his lover and shoots Madson near a lake outside Rush City.
15
5 "Don't Ask Don't Tell" Daniel Minahan Tom Rob Smith February 14, 2018 (2018-02-14) 3WAX05 0.91[10]
In June 1995, Versace ignores Donatella's disapproval and makes his sexuality public in an interview. In November 1995, U.S. Navy lieutenant Jeff Trail is suspected as a homosexual after saving a fellow veteran from being assaulted in San Diego. Following an unsuccessful suicide attempt, Trail goes to a gay bar and meets Cunanan. Trail later agrees to do an interview about homophobia in the military, during which he "makes the decision" to leave the Navy. Two years later, Cunanan runs into Trail and David Madson in Minneapolis. Both men, however, try to avoid him, with Trail staying at his sister's house and Madson stating he has moved on. Abandoned and angry, Cunanan resolves to murder Trail.
16
6 "Descent" Gwyneth Horder-Payton Tom Rob Smith February 28, 2018 (2018-02-28) 3WAX07 1.10[11]
In 1996, Cunanan lives in La Jolla, California with middle-aged businessman Norman Blachford, who handles his finances as part of their arranged relationship. During his twenty-seventh birthday party, Cunanan tries to impress David Madson by fabricating details about his life and boasting that everyone loves him. After an attempt to ask Blachford for more extravagant demands results in him being kicked out of their house, Cunanan spends thousands of dollars in an attempt to win Madson over only for Madson to cut all ties with him. Cunanan then turns to drugs and outs Jeff Trail to his father in a postcard, causing Trail to threaten him before moving to Minneapolis. Following a severe, drug-fueled bout of depression, Cunanan reunites with his mother Mary Ann and tells her he is going to Minneapolis.
17
7 "Ascent" Gwyneth Horder-Payton Tom Rob Smith March 7, 2018 (2018-03-07) 3WAX06 0.92[12]
In 1992, Versace pressures Donatella into taking over the company after his death. Following a failed attempt to collaborate on a dress for the Vogue anniversary gala, Versace is diagnosed with ear cancer and travels to Miami to recover, forcing Donatella to take the reins. That same year, Cunanan, who is living with Mary Ann, starts working as a gay escort for older men. He develops a relationship with architect Lincoln Aston, a close friend of Norman Blachford, only for Aston to break up with him after discovering he and David Madson spent the night together. Cunanan's attempt to reconcile with Aston ends with him witnessing Aston's brutal murder. Cunanan then moves out of his mother's apartment following an argument and uses Aston's death to develop a relationship with Blachford, who lets him move into his house.
18
8 "Creator / Destroyer" Matt Bomer Tom Rob Smith and Maggie Cohn March 14, 2018 (2018-03-14) 3WAX08 1.00[13]
In 1957 Italy, a young Versace starts designing clothes under tutelage from his dressmaker mother. In 1980, a young Cunanan receives preferential treatment from his stockbroker father Modesto, who abuses his mother and siblings. Seven years later, Cunanan juggles attending private school and secretly dating older men. Modesto, meanwhile, flees to Manila after being fired for embezzling from elderly clients and learning that he is wanted by the FBI, leaving his family penniless. Cunanan tracks him down and confronts him over the charges only to be rejected. Upon returning to the United States, Cunanan applies for a job at a pharmacy, where he tells the manager that Modesto owns pineapple plantations.
19
9 "Alone" Daniel Minahan Tom Rob Smith March 21, 2018 (2018-03-21) 3WAX09 1.20[14]
On the evening of July 15, 1997, Cunanan hides in a Miami Beach houseboat in an attempt to evade both local and federal authorities. Over the course of the next two days, Cunanan attempts to leave the island city only to continue hiding due to the strong police presence. As the authorities interrogate Mary Ann and Ronnie, Marilyn grapples with the fact that he has gone unpunished. At the same time, Cunanan's friend Elizabeth Cote appeals to him in a television interview, David Madson's father insists his son is a victim, and Modesto uses Cunanan's story in an attempt to get attention. On July 22, 1997, as Versace is buried in his family vault near Lake Como, Italy, Donatella tells Antonio he cannot reside in the house that he was promised. The next morning, the authorities corner Cunanan only for him to shoot himself in the mouth. Cunanan is later buried in a public mausoleum while Donatella prepares to meet with Versace's lawyers and Antonio attempts suicide.
Production[edit]
Development[edit]
The Assassination of Gianni Versace: American Crime Story was picked up on October 18, 2016, and was announced as the third season of the series, following the season about Katrina.[2] The announcement also revealed that English author Tom Rob Smith would be the writer of multiple episodes of the season, including the first two,[2] while executive producer Ryan Murphy would be directing the season premiere.[5] Following the airing of the first season's finale in April 2016, it was revealed that series creators Scott Alexander and Larry Karaszewski would not be returning for the second season.[15]
In June 2017, it was announced that Katrina would not begin production until early 2018 and that Versace would air in early 2018, replacing Katrina as the show's official second installment.[16]
On October 2, 2017, American Horror Story veteran Matt Bomer was announced as the director of the eighth episode, making it his directorial debut.[17] During its production, the working title of the season was American Crime Story: Versace/Cunanan.[18][19]
In December 2017, after the first public screening, it was revealed that Versace would have nine episodes,[3] despite being originally reported to consist of ten episodes.[2]
Casting[edit]
In February 2017, Édgar Ramírez and Darren Criss joined the cast of The Assassination of Gianni Versace as Gianni Versace and Andrew Cunanan, respectively.[20] Murphy confirmed the reports announcing Lady Gaga would portray Donatella Versace in The Assassination of Gianni Versace were false;[21][22] Penélope Cruz was later cast in the role.[23] In April 2017, it was announced that Ricky Martin was joining the cast of The Assassination of Gianni Versace as Antonio D'Amico, Versace’s longtime partner.[24] On April 28, 2017, Annaleigh Ashford was seen filming on the set of The Assassination of Gianni Versace with Criss.[25] On June 21, 2017, it was announced through Entertainment Weekly that Ashford's role in the series would be as Elizabeth Cote, a friend of Cunanan's since high school, while Nico Evers-Swindell would play her husband, Philip Merrill.[26]
On May 5, 2017, Murphy announced via his Instagram account that Max Greenfield joined the casting, by publishing a photo of Greenfield and Criss on the set.[27] On June 21, 2017, it was announced that Finn Wittrock will star in The Assassination of Gianni Versace, playing Jeffrey Trail, Cunanan's first victim.[28]
In November 2017, the official Twitter account for the series revealed that Judith Light and Dascha Polanco are part of the cast.[29][30] In December 2017, the official webpage for the series released cast and character bios revealing that Max Greenfield would play Ronnie, whilst confirming the casting of Judith Light as Marilyn Miglin, Dascha Polanco as Detective Lori Wieder, Jon Jon Briones as Modesto Cunanan, Cody Fern as David Madson, and Mike Farrell as Lee Miglin.[31]
Filming[edit]
According to multiple set reports and photos, principal photography of season 2 took place at the beginning of May 2017, in Miami.[32] As revealed by Darren Criss via his Twitter account, shooting ended during the week of November 13.[33]
Promotion[edit]
In September 2017, FX released the first promotional teaser for The Assassination of Gianni Versace, showing doves sitting outside Versace's former mansion and flying away when two gunshots ring out.[34] A second teaser was released that same month, depicting Versace's sister Donatella placing flowers on a casket.[35] In October, a new teaser was released, depicting some police radio communications as a black clothes cover, with the name Versace on it, is being closed.[36] The same month, a second teaser was released, showing Donatella kissing the stairs where Gianni was murdered, before entering in his mansion.[37] On Halloween day, FX aired a new promotional video during a commercial break of the ninth episode of American Horror Story: Cult, which announced that the season would premiere on January 17, 2018.[1]
In November 2017, four new teasers were released. The first one shows Versace relaxing next to his pool, as Cunanan comes out of it.[38] The second one depicts D'Amico leaving Gianni's house, as he hears two gunshots (the unseen murder) and runs to see what happened; while a voice-over by Ricky Martin as D'Amico says that he was Gianni's partner and lover.[39] The third one shows Donatella and Gianni hugging and watching themselves in front of a mirror, as the latter tells his sister that she would be Versace without him.[40] The fourth one depicts a running sewing machine, which ends up having some issues and not being able to finish its work.[41]
On November 15, 2017, the first full trailer for the season was released via the Twitter account of the series. It shows some moments of Cunanan's unstable past and the first aftermaths of Versace's assassination.[42] The same day, it was announced that the first episode of the season would be available five days before the official premiere for FX+ subscribers.[5] On November 28, 2017, FX released a new short trailer depicting the main cast of the season: Cruz, Ramírez, Martin and Criss; while a voice-over by Criss as Cunanan reveals how he feels the same as Versace.[43]
In December 2017, more teasers were released. The first one opposes Versace and Cunanan as they speak about themselves and their past.[44] The second one features a Versace fashion show where models start crying, as news reports about Versace's death are being heard.[45] The third one shows Cunanan trying to convince someone that he really has a date with Versace, while the scene is being cut by shots of the assassination and its aftermaths.[46] The fourth one features Donatella Versace in a black dress for her brother's funeral;[47] the fifth one shows different rooms of Versace's mansion, with multiple voice-overs by different characters;[48] and the sixth one features a showering Cunanan, surrounding his face with duct tape, as Max Greenfield's Ronnie asks him what he is doing.[49] On December 28, a first look at the series was released, with multiple interviews from the crew and the cast.[50] That same day, a new teaser was also revealed, depicting Cunanan as he is about to kill his sexual partner and then Versace.[51]
At the start of January 2018, a new teaser was released. It features Cunanan changing the license plate of his car and greeting a young girl, while a voice-over is saying that the police is looking after him and that he is very dangerous.[52] On January 16, 2018, the full red band trailer was released,[53] and a short version premiered the next day.[54]
Reception[edit]
Reviews[edit]
The second season of American Crime Story received positive reviews from critics. The review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes gave the season an approval rating of 86% based on 81 reviews, with an average rating of 7.02/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "The Assassination of Versace starts with a bang and unfurls slowly, moving backward through an intricate (and occasionally convoluted) murder mystery anchored by a career-defining performance from Darren Criss."[55] On Metacritic, the season has a score of 74 out of 100, based on 35 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews."[56]
Reaction from individuals involved[edit]
In January 2018, the Versace family released a statement criticizing the series. They explained they have "neither authorized nor had any involvement whatsoever" in the production of the season, before adding that it "should only be considered as a work of fiction."[57] Executive producer Ryan Murphy answered that the series was "not a work of fiction" as it is based on a non-fiction book, Maureen Orth's Vulgar Favors, and that the production team and FX stand by the author and her work. Comparing it to The People v. O. J. Simpson, Murphy added that the season is "a work of non-fiction obviously with docudrama elements," and not a documentary.[57] Following this answer, the Versace family released a second statement, still slamming the series as "a work of fiction" because "the Orth book itself is full of gossip and speculation." They also heavily criticized Orth's work, calling it an "effort to create a sensational story" with "second-hand hearsay that is full of contradictions." They gave the example of Gianni Versace's medical condition, as Orth claims that Versace was HIV positive at the time of his death.[58]
Antonio D'Amico also criticized the series, deeming some scenes as "ridiculous" and insisting that "so much has been fictionalised". He also revealed that he does not plan to watch it, but that he would have been happy if Ricky Martin, who plays his role, got in contact to get some insight into his relationship with Versace.[59]
According to Ryan Murphy, Donatella Versace was very supportive that Penélope Cruz played her role. As Cruz and Versace are friends, Murphy explained that, when he offered her the role, Cruz asked the permission of Versace before agreeing to do it. He also revealed that, while Cruz was representing the series at the 75th Golden Globe Awards, Versace "very graciously sent [her] a lovely and huge flower arrangement saying 'good luck.'"[57]
Ratings[edit]
No.
Title
Air date
Rating/share
(18–49)
Viewers
(millions)
DVR
(18–49)
DVR viewers
(millions)
Total
(18–49)
Total viewers
(millions)
1 "The Man Who Would Be Vogue" January 17, 2018 0.7 2.22[6] 0.6 1.76 1.3 3.98[60]
2 "Manhunt" January 24, 2018 0.4 1.42[7] 0.7 1.98 1.1 3.40[61]
3 "A Random Killing" January 31, 2018 0.4 1.26[8] 0.7 1.94 1.1 3.20[62]
4 "House by the Lake" February 7, 2018 0.3 0.98[9] 0.6 1.79 0.9 2.77[63]
5 "Don't Ask Don't Tell" February 14, 2018 0.2 0.91[10] TBD TBD TBD TBD
6 "Descent" February 28, 2018 0.3 1.10[11] 0.6 1.58 0.9 2.68[64]
7 "Ascent" March 7, 2018 0.3 0.92[12] 0.5 1.55 0.8 2.47[65]
8 "Creator / Destroyer" March 14, 2018 0.3 1.00[13] 0.5 1.57 0.8 2.57[66]
9 "Alone" March 21, 2018 0.3 1.20[14] 0.6 1.62 0.9 2.82[67]
American Crime Story : U.S. viewers per episode (millions)
Season
Ep. 1
Ep. 2
Ep. 3
Ep. 4
Ep. 5
Ep. 6
Ep. 7
Ep. 8
Ep. 9
Ep. 10
The People v. O. J. Simpson
5.12 3.90 3.34 3.00 2.73 3.00 2.89 2.91 2.76 3.27
The Assassination of Gianni Versace
2.22 1.42 1.26 0.98 0.91 1.10 0.92 1.00 1.20 N/A
Source: Nielsen Media Research[68]
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ This episode was available five days before the official premiere for FX+ subscribers.[5]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "American Crime Story: Versace Gets January Premiere Date on FX". Retrieved November 9, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e "'American Crime Story' Renewed By FX For Season 3, Will Take On Versace Murder". Retrieved October 18, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Littleton, Cynthia (December 11, 2017). "The Assassination of Gianni Versace: 6 Things We Learned From FX's First Screening". Variety. Retrieved December 12, 2017.
Jump up ^ Orth, Maureen (1999). Vulgar Favors: Andrew Cunanan, Gianni Versace, and the Largest Failed Manhunt in U.S. History (1st; Hardcover ed.). Delacorte Press. ISBN 9780385332866.
^ Jump up to: a b c Petski, Denise (November 14, 2017). "'The Assassination Of Gianni Versace: American Crime Story': FX+ Subscribers Get Early Peek At First Episode". Deadline. Retrieved November 14, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Metcalf, Mitch (January 18, 2018). "SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 1.17.2018". ShowBuzzDaily. Retrieved January 18, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Metcalf, Mitch (January 25, 2018). "SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 1.24.2018". ShowBuzzDaily. Retrieved January 25, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Metcalf, Mitch (February 1, 2018). "SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 1.31.2018". ShowBuzzDaily. Retrieved February 1, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Metcalf, Mitch (February 8, 2018). "SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 2.7.2018". ShowBuzzDaily. Retrieved February 8, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Metcalf, Mitch (February 15, 2018). "SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 2.14.2018". ShowBuzzDaily. Retrieved February 15, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Metcalf, Mitch (March 1, 2018). "SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 2.28.2018". ShowBuzzDaily. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Mitch Metcalf (March 8, 2018). "SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals: 3.7.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved March 8, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Mitch Metcalf (March 15, 2018). "SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals: 3.14.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Mitch Metcalf (March 22, 2018). "SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals: 3.21.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved March 22, 2018.
Jump up ^ Sandberg, Bryn (April 6, 2016). "'American Crime Story': 10 Things to Know About Season 2". Retrieved September 10, 2016.
Jump up ^ Stack, Tim (June 13, 2017). "'The Assassination of Gianni Versace is now officially FX's next American Crime Story'". EW.com. Retrieved June 13, 2017.
Jump up ^ Ausiello, Michael (October 2, 2017). "Matt Bomer Joins American Crime Story: Versace — But There's a Twist". TV Line. Retrieved November 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ Martin, Ricky (May 18, 2017). "Who showed up on set?". Instagram. Retrieved December 6, 2017.
Jump up ^ Martin, Ricky (November 2, 2017). "¡Más escenas! Esto sigue. @americancrimestoryfx January 17th, 2018 DONT MISS IT". Instagram. Retrieved December 6, 2017.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (February 15, 2017). "Edgar Ramirez & Darren Criss To Star In 'Versace: American Crime Story' On FX". Deadline.com. Retrieved February 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ Kreps, Daniel (November 4, 2016). "Lady Gaga to Portray Donatella Versace in 'American Crime Story'". Rolling Stone. Retrieved January 12, 2017.
Jump up ^ Wagmeister, Elizabeth (January 12, 2017). "Lady Gaga Will Not Play Donatella Versace in FX's 'American Crime Story'". Variety. Retrieved January 12, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Penélope Cruz To Play Donatella Versace In FX's 'Versace: American Crime Story'". Deadline. March 2017.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (April 7, 2017). "Ricky Martin To Co-Star In 'Versace: American Crime Story' FX Limited Series". Deadline.com. Retrieved April 7, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Alex's Blog". Alex's Blog.
Jump up ^ "Exclusive Photos of 'The Assassination of Gianni Versace: American Crime Story'". Entertainment Weekly. New York City: Meredith Corporation. June 21, 2017. Retrieved March 21, 2018.
Jump up ^ Stanhope, Kate (May 5, 2017). "Max Greenfield Boards 'Versace: American Crime Story'". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved November 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ Stack, Tim (June 21, 2017). "American Horror Story star Finn Wittrock joining The Assassination of Gianni Versace". Entertainment Weekly. New York City: Meredith Corporation. Retrieved November 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ AmericanCrimeStoryFX [@ACSFX] (November 15, 2017). "Uncover the crime. Follow to PREVIEW The Assassination of Gianni Versace" (Tweet). Retrieved December 3, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ AmericanCrimeStoryFX [@ACSFX] (November 15, 2017). "From creator Ryan Murphy. Follow to PREVIEW The Assassination of Gianni Versace" (Tweet). Retrieved December 3, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ "The Assassination of Gianni Versace: American Crime Story". FX Networks. Retrieved December 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ Askew, Susan (May 5, 2017). "FX "American Crime Story: Versace" Filming". Re:MiamiBeach. Retrieved November 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ Darren Criss [@DarrenCriss] (November 15, 2017). "It's been a crazy 8 months. To celebrate our final week of shooting, I give you the first trailer for #ACSVersace" (Tweet). Retrieved November 15, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ Stack, Tim (September 6, 2017). "American Crime Story: Watch the first teaser for The Assassination of Gianni Versace". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved October 3, 2017.
Jump up ^ Stack, Tim (September 22, 2017). "American Crime Story: Donatella mourns her brother in new Assassination of Gianni Versace teaser". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved October 3, 2017.
Jump up ^ AmericanCrimeStoryFX [@ACSFX] (October 11, 2017). "A dark obsession. A startling truth. The Assassination of Gianni Versace: American Crime Story premieres in 2018 on FX. #ACSVersace" (Tweet). Retrieved November 15, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ AmericanCrimeStoryFX [@ACSFX] (October 18, 2017). "Penelope Cruz is Donatella Versace. The Assassination of Gianni Versace: American Crime Story premieres in 2018 on FX. #ACSVersace" (Tweet). Retrieved November 15, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ AmericanCrimeStoryFX [@ACSFX] (November 1, 2017). "A troubled path. A dangerous obsession. The Assassination of Gianni Versace: American Crime Story premieres January 17 on FX. #ACSVersace" (Tweet). Retrieved November 15, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ AmericanCrimeStoryFX [@ACSFX] (November 8, 2017). "The day genius was taken away. The Assassination of Gianni Versace: American Crime Story premieres January 17 on FX. #ACSVersace" (Tweet). Retrieved November 15, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ AmericanCrimeStoryFX [@ACSFX] (November 10, 2017). "What is it without him? The Assassination of Gianni Versace: American Crime Story premieres January 17 on FX. #ACSVersace" (Tweet). Retrieved November 15, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ AmericanCrimeStoryFX [@ACSFX] (November 13, 2017). "Stitch together the path of obsession. The Assassination of Gianni Versace: American Crime Story premieres January 17 on FX. #ACSVersace" (Tweet). Retrieved November 15, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ AmericanCrimeStoryFX [@ACSFX] (November 15, 2017). "Watch the OFFICIAL TRAILER for #ACSVersace. The next installment of FX's award-winning original series premieres January 17" (Tweet). Retrieved November 15, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ AmericanCrimeStoryFX [@ACSFX] (November 28, 2017). "Penelope Cruz, Edgar Ramirez, Ricky Martin, and Darren Criss star in #ACSVersace. The next installment of FX's award-winning series premieres January 17" (Tweet). Retrieved November 29, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ AmericanCrimeStoryFX [@ACSFX] (December 1, 2017). "The murders weren't famous until the victim was. The Assassination of Gianni Versace: American Crime Story premieres January 17on FX. #ACSVersace" (Tweet). Retrieved December 6, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ AmericanCrimeStoryFX [@ACSFX] (December 3, 2017). "A mogul. A murder. A manhunt. The Assassination of Gianni Versace: American Crime Story premieres January 17. #ACSVersace" (Tweet). Retrieved December 6, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ AmericanCrimeStoryFX [@ACSFX] (December 10, 2017). "He craved attention. He killed for fame. The Assassination of Gianni Versace: American Crime Story premieres 1/17 on FX. #ACSVersace" (Tweet). Retrieved December 12, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ AmericanCrimeStoryFX [@ACSFX] (December 14, 2017). "She was left to pick up the pieces. #ACSVersace premieres 1/17 on FX" (Tweet). Retrieved January 11, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ AmericanCrimeStoryFX [@ACSFX] (December 18, 2017). "Who would kill for a life they cannot have? See the truth behind The Assassination of Gianni Versace. FX's award-winning series returns 1/17. #ACSVersace" (Tweet). Retrieved January 11, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ AmericanCrimeStoryFX [@ACSFX] (December 23, 2017). "Everyone would know what he did. The Assassination of Gianni Versace: American Crime Story premieres 1/17 on FX. #ACSVersace" (Tweet). Retrieved January 11, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ AmericanCrimeStoryFX [@ACSFX] (December 28, 2017). "See the story behind the largest failed manhunt in US history. Get a FIRST LOOK at the second installment of FX's award-winning limited series, The Assassination of Gianni Versace. #ACSVersace" (Tweet). Retrieved January 11, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ AmericanCrimeStoryFX [@ACSFX] (December 28, 2017). "Serial liar. Serial killer. The Assassination of Gianni Versace, the next installment of FX's award-winning American Crime Story, premieres January 17. #ACSVersace" (Tweet). Retrieved January 11, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ AmericanCrimeStoryFX [@ACSFX] (January 4, 2017). "Did he fit the profile? #ACSVersace premieres 1/17, only on @fxnetworks. @DarrenCriss" (Tweet). Retrieved January 11, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ AmericanCrimeStoryFX [@ACSFX] (January 16, 2018). "He wanted to be famous... So he killed a man who was. Watch the RED BAND trailer for the next installment of FX's American Crime Story, The Assassination of Gianni Versace. #ACSVersace premieres tomorrow at 10p" (Tweet). Retrieved January 16, 2018 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ AmericanCrimeStoryFX [@ACSFX] (January 17, 2018). "This tragedy had many sides. The Assassination of Gianni Versace, the next installment of FX's award-winning series returns TONIGHT at 10p on FX. #ACSVersace" (Tweet). Retrieved January 17, 2018 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ "American Crime Story: The Assassination of Gianni Versace (2018)". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
Jump up ^ "The Assassination of Gianni Versace: American Crime Story reviews". Metacritic. Retrieved February 28, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b c Stack, Tim (January 9, 2018). "Ryan Murphy responds to Versace family: 'It is not a work of fiction'". Entertainment Weekly.
Jump up ^ Stack, Tim (January 10, 2018). "Versace family releases second statement slamming 'bogus' American Crime Story and author Maureen Orth". Entertainment Weekly.
Jump up ^ Giuffrida, Angela (July 30, 2017). "'My life was torn in two when Gianni was shot' – Versace's lover breaks silence". The Observer.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (February 1, 2018). "'Assassination of Gianni Versace' posts solid gains in cable Live +7 ratings for Jan. 15-21". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved February 1, 2018.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (February 8, 2018). "'Waco' premiere doubles in cable Live +7 ratings for Jan. 22-28". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved February 13, 2018.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (February 15, 2018). "'The Alienist' doubles in cable Live +7 ratings for Jan. 29-Feb. 4". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved February 16, 2018.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (February 22, 2018). "'Assassination of Gianni Versace' posts more big gains in cable Live +7 ratings for Feb. 5-11". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved February 23, 2018.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (March 15, 2018). "'Walking Dead' stays atop the cable Live +7 ratings for Feb. 26-March 4". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (March 22, 2018). "'Atlanta' and 'The Alienist' make more solid gains in cable Live +7 ratings for March 5-11". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 22, 2018.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (March 29, 2018). "'The Fosters' finale doubles in cable Live +7 ratings for March 12-18". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 30, 2018.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (April 6, 2018). "'Krypton' premiere makes solid gains in cable Live +7 ratings for March 19-25". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 6, 2018.
Jump up ^ "American Crime Story: People v OJ Simpson: ratings". TV Series Finale. April 6, 2016. Retrieved September 22, 2017.
External links[edit]
The Assassination of Gianni Versace: American Crime Story on IMDb
[hide]
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American Crime Story
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The People v. O. J. Simpson
O. J. Simpson murder case
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Christopher Darden
Lance Ito
Gil Garcetti
F. Lee Bailey
The Assassination of Gianni Versace
Gianni Versace
Andrew Cunanan
Donatella Versace
Antonio D'Amico
Source material
Jeffrey Toobin (The Run of His Life)
Maureen Orth (Vulgar Favors)
Sheri Fink (Five Days at Memorial)
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text:
SM City San Pablo
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
SM City San Pablo
Mall Logo
Location
Maharlika Highway, Riverina Residential and Commercial Estates, Brgy. San Rafael, San Pablo, Laguna, Philippines
Opening date
October 1, 2010
Developer
SM Prime Holdings
Management
SM Prime Holdings
Owner
Henry Sy, Sr
Architect
DA Abcede and Associates
No. of stores and services
100+ as of 2017[1]
No. of anchor tenants
5[2]
Total retail floor area
79,164 m2 (852,110 sq ft) [3]
Mall : 69,968 sq.m
BPO : 9,196 sq.m[4]
No. of floors
2
Parking
600+ slots[2]
Public transit access
Public Utility Jeep: Take San Pablo-Tanauan route or any signage with SM San Pablo
Website
SM City San Pablo
SM City San Pablo is the 38th shopping mall owned by SM Prime Holdings. SM City San Pablo is the 2nd SM Supermall Franchise in the Province of Laguna. It is located at the entrance of Riverina Residential and Commercial Estates in Maharlika Highway, Brgy. San Rafael, San Pablo, Laguna and has a gross floor area of 79,164 square meters.[2][3][5]
Contents
[hide]
1 Design and interiors
1.1 Recent Expansions
1.2 Main Building (2010)
1.3 Expansion (2016)
1.4 BPO (TBA)
2 History
3 Accidents/Incidents
4 Mall Expansion
4.1 Phase One
4.2 Phase Two
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
Design and interiors[edit]
SM City San Pablo, SM Prime Holdings' second mall in Laguna, has two levels and has 56,086 sqm of shopping space and 100+ shop. It has a semi-eye shaped atrium for events. The mall's atrium has perforated ceiling.[6][not in citation given] SM City San Pablo's design team includes Design Associates Inc., mall designer; Jose Siao Ling and Associates, architects; DA Abcede and Associates, project manager; and DDT Konstract, general contractor.[citation needed]
Recent Expansions[edit]
Main Building (2010)[edit]
An event venue with two floors, which is styled like a semi-eye-shaped atrium. It houses tenants like The SM Store and SM Supermarket.
Expansion (2016)[edit]
On October 28, 2016, the Cyberzone finally came to the mall. Along with it, there are also additional store spaces, which accounts for Yellow Cab, Starbucks, Oxygen, Mesa, and other retail stores.
BPO (TBA)[edit]
As of August 1, 2017, the BPO is still under construction. It can be seen near the mall's facade.
Sources:[7][1][8][9]
History[edit]
As early as 2008, SM Prime Holdings was planning to open SM Supercenter San Pablo (a downsized SM mall, originally) but this was shot down due to political pressures. After several attempts to build a similar establishment, SM Prime Holdings was given its go signal in July 2008 to push ahead for SM Supercenter San Pablo[10][not in citation given] located at Riverina Residential and Commercial Estates along Maharlika Highway at Brgy San Rafael.
It was expected to be completed in August 2010, but due to strategic location and growing demands for commercial establishments in San Pablo, it was upgraded into SM City San Pablo last April 28, 2010.[11][not in citation given]
The mall opened on October 1, 2010.[12] The cinema commenced operations on December 3, 2010 before the 36th Metro Manila Film Festival.
Accidents/Incidents[edit]
In July, 2010, 2 construction workers died and 7 others were injured when a scaffolding, on which three layers of metal pipes were also piled up, collapsed and hit the victims at a mall construction site in San Pablo City, Laguna. This accident caused the mall's completion and opening by about September or October of that year.[13]
On July 16, 2014, The mall's facade was damaged due to Typhoon Glenda (Rammasun) that passed through Laguna.
On June 25, 2016, A shootout happened at Blue Magic. It was later reported that the gunman escaped the mall without the guards noticing.[14]
Mall Expansion[edit]
The expanded mall on 11-12-16.
Phase One[edit]
The first expansion was made for the mall to house a Cyberzone. It was completed on October 28, 2016.[citation needed]
Phase Two[edit]
The second part of the expansion is the BPO Building to be completed by the 4th quarter of 2017.[4]
See also[edit]
San Pablo City, Laguna
Laguna Province
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b https://www.facebook.com/smsanpablo/videos/1401376643213779/
^ Jump up to: a b c http://www.smcitysanpablo.com/2010/09/sm-city-san-pablo-mall-information.html
^ Jump up to: a b http://www.smprime.com/smprime/index.php?p=670&type=2&sec=54&aid=7256
^ Jump up to: a b http://pbs.twimg.com/media/C6vTM_hU4AAdYKV.jpg
Jump up ^ http://www.smcitysanpablo.com/2010/10/list-of-shops-in-sm-city-san-pablo.html
Jump up ^ http://www.smprime.com/smprime/index.php?p=588&type=2&sec=50&aid=7269
Jump up ^ https://www.smsupermalls.com/mall-locator/sm-city-san-pablo/information/
Jump up ^ http://thestandard.com.ph/business/corporate/231150/smic-set-to-spend-p73b-for-expansion.html
Jump up ^ https://amazinglagunablog.wordpress.com/2016/02/02/mall-expansion-in-sm-city-san-pablo-begins/
Jump up ^ "FULL YEAR 2009 NET INCOME RISES 10% TO PHP7.0 BILLION". Sm Prime. Retrieved 2010-08-08.
Jump up ^ "SM Investments earmarks P40.6-B for 2010 capex | ABS-CBN News | Latest Philippine Headlines, Breaking News, Video, Analysis, Features". ABS-CBN News. 2010-04-28. Retrieved 2010-08-08.
Jump up ^ http://www.smprime.com/smprime/index.php?p=588&type=2&sec=50&aid=7236
Jump up ^ "2 dead, 7 hurt in construction accident in Laguna - INQUIRER.net, Philippine News for Filipinos". Newsinfo.inquirer.net. 2010-07-16. Retrieved 2010-08-08.
Jump up ^ https://www.facebook.com/alaminosnews/posts/1042514059172589
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to SM City San Pablo.
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