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List of U.S. states and territories by area
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States by area. Sizes of Alaska and Hawaii are distorted by the inset.
This is a complete list of the states of the United States and its major territories ordered by total area, land area, and water area. The water area numbers include inland waters, coastal waters, the Great Lakes, and territorial waters. Glaciers and intermittent bodies of water are counted as land area.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 Area by state/territory
2 Area by division
3 Area by region
4 See also
5 Notes
6 References
Area by state/territory[edit]
Total area[2]
Land area[2]
Water[2]
State/territory
Rank
sq mi
km²
Rank
sq mi
km²
% land
Rank
sq mi
km²
% water
Alaska 7000100000000000000♠1 665,384.04 1,723,337 7000100000000000000♠1 570,640.95 1,477,953 7001857600000000000♠85.76% 7000100000000000000♠1 94,743.10 245,384 7001142400000000000♠14.24%
Texas 7000200000000000000♠2 268,596.46 695,662 7000200000000000000♠2 261,231.71 676,587 7001972600000000000♠97.26% 7000800000000000000♠8 7,364.75 19,075 7000274000000000000♠2.74%
California 7000300000000000000♠3 163,696.32 423,972 7000300000000000000♠3 155,779.22 403,466 7001951600000000000♠95.16% 7000600000000000000♠6 7,915.52 20,501 7000484000000000000♠4.84%
Montana 7000400000000000000♠4 147,039.71 380,831 7000400000000000000♠4 145,545.80 376,962 7001989800000000000♠98.98% 7001260000000000000♠26 1,493.91 3,869 7000102000000000000♠1.02%
New Mexico 7000500000000000000♠5 121,590.30 314,917 7000500000000000000♠5 121,298.15 314,161 7001997600000000000♠99.76% 7001490000000000000♠49 292.15 757 6999240000000000000♠0.24%
Arizona 7000600000000000000♠6 113,990.30 295,234 7000600000000000000♠6 113,594.08 294,207 7001996500000000000♠99.65% 7001480000000000000♠48 396.22 1,026 6999350000000000000♠0.35%
Nevada 7000700000000000000♠7 110,571.82 286,380 7000700000000000000♠7 109,781.18 284,332 7001992800000000000♠99.28% 7001360000000000000♠36 790.65 2,048 6999720000000000000♠0.72%
Colorado 7000800000000000000♠8 104,093.67 269,601 7000800000000000000♠8 103,641.89 268,431 7001995700000099999♠99.57% 7001440000000000000♠44 451.78 1,170 6999430000000000000♠0.43%
Oregon 7000900000000000000♠9 98,378.54 254,799 7001100000000000000♠10 95,988.01 248,608 7001975700000099999♠97.57% 7001200000000000000♠20 2,390.53 6,191 7000243000000000000♠2.43%
Wyoming 7001100000000000000♠10 97,813.01 253,335 7000900000000000000♠9 97,093.14 251,470 7001992600000000000♠99.26% 7001370000000000000♠37 719.87 1,864 6999740000000000000♠0.74%
Michigan 7001110000000000000♠11 96,713.51 250,487 7001220000000000000♠22 56,538.90 146,435 7001584600000000000♠58.46% 7000200000000000000♠2 40,174.61 104,052 7001415400000000000♠41.54%
Minnesota 7001120000000000000♠12 86,935.83 225,163 7001140000000000000♠14 79,626.74 206,232 7001915900000000000♠91.59% 7000900000000000000♠9 7,309.09 18,930 7000841000000000000♠8.41%
Utah 7001130000000000000♠13 84,896.88 219,882 7001120000000000000♠12 82,169.62 212,818 7001967900000000000♠96.79% 7001170000000000000♠17 2,727.26 7,064 7000321000000000000♠3.21%
Idaho 7001140000000000000♠14 83,568.95 216,443 7001110000000000000♠11 82,643.12 214,045 7001988900000000000♠98.89% 7001330000000000000♠33 925.83 2,398 7000111000000000000♠1.11%
Kansas 7001150000000000000♠15 82,278.36 213,100 7001130000000000000♠13 81,758.72 211,754 7001993700000000000♠99.37% 7001420000000000000♠42 519.64 1,346 6999630000000000000♠0.63%
Nebraska 7001160000000000000♠16 77,347.81 200,330 7001150000000000000♠15 76,824.17 198,974 7001993200000099999♠99.32% 7001410000000000000♠41 523.64 1,356 6999680000000000000♠0.68%
South Dakota 7001170000000000000♠17 77,115.68 199,729 7001160000000000000♠16 75,811.00 196,350 7001983100000000000♠98.31% 7001290000000000000♠29 1,304.68 3,379 7000169000000000000♠1.69%
Washington 7001180000000000000♠18 71,297.95 184,661 7001200000000000000♠20 66,455.52 172,119 7001932100000099999♠93.21% 7001110000000000000♠11 4,842.43 12,542 7000679000000000000♠6.79%
North Dakota 7001190000000000000♠19 70,698.32 183,108 7001170000000000000♠17 69,000.80 178,711 7001976000000000000♠97.60% 7001240000000000000♠24 1,697.52 4,397 7000240000000000000♠2.40%
Oklahoma 7001200000000000000♠20 69,898.87 181,037 7001190000000000000♠19 68,594.92 177,660 7001981300000000000♠98.13% 7001300000000000000♠30 1,303.95 3,377 7000187000000000000♠1.87%
Missouri 7001210000000000000♠21 69,706.99 180,540 7001180000000000000♠18 68,741.52 178,040 7001986100000000000♠98.61% 7001320000000000000♠32 965.47 2,501 7000138990000099999♠1.39%
Florida 7001220000000000000♠22 65,757.70 170,312 7001260000000000000♠26 53,624.76 138,887 7001815500000000000♠81.55% 7000300000000000000♠3 12,132.94 31,424 7001184500000000000♠18.45%
Wisconsin 7001230000000000000♠23 65,496.38 169,635 7001250000000000000♠25 54,157.80 140,268 7001826900000000000♠82.69% 7000400000000000000♠4 11,338.57 29,367 7001173109999900000♠17.31%
Georgia 7001240000000000000♠24 59,425.15 153,910 7001210000000000000♠21 57,513.49 148,959 7001967800000000000♠96.78% 7001220000000000000♠22 1,911.66 4,951 7000322000000000000♠3.22%
Illinois 7001250000000000000♠25 57,913.55 149,995 7001240000000000000♠24 55,518.93 143,793 7001958700000000000♠95.87% 7001190000000000000♠19 2,394.62 6,202 7000413000000000000♠4.13%
Iowa 7001260000000000000♠26 56,272.81 145,746 7001230000000000000♠23 55,857.13 144,669 7001992600000000000♠99.26% 7001450000000000000♠45 415.68 1,077 6999740000000000000♠0.74%
New York 7001270000000000000♠27 54,554.98 141,297 7001300000000000000♠30 47,126.40 122,057 7001863800000000000♠86.38% 7000700000000000000♠7 7,428.58 19,240 7001136200000099999♠13.62%
North Carolina 7001280000000000000♠28 53,819.16 139,391 7001290000000000000♠29 48,617.91 125,920 7001903400000000000♠90.34% 7001100000000000000♠10 5,201.25 13,471 7000966000000000000♠9.66%
Arkansas 7001290000000000000♠29 53,178.55 137,732 7001270000000000000♠27 52,035.48 134,771 7001978500000000000♠97.85% 7001310000000000000♠31 1,143.07 2,961 7000215000000000000♠2.15%
Alabama 7001300000000000000♠30 52,420.07 135,767 7001280000000000000♠28 50,645.33 131,171 7001966100000000000♠96.61% 7001230000000000000♠23 1,774.74 4,597 7000339000000000000♠3.39%
Louisiana 7001310000000000000♠31 52,378.13 135,659 7001330000000000000♠33 43,203.90 111,898 7001824800000000000♠82.48% 7000500000000000000♠5 9,174.23 23,761 7001175200000000000♠17.52%
Mississippi 7001320000000000000♠32 48,431.78 125,438 7001310000000000000♠31 46,923.27 121,531 7001968900000000000♠96.89% 7001250000000000000♠25 1,508.51 3,907 7000311000000000000♠3.11%
Pennsylvania 7001330000000000000♠33 46,054.35 119,280 7001320000000000000♠32 44,742.70 115,883 7001971500000000000♠97.15% 7001280000000000000♠28 1,311.64 3,397 7000285000000000000♠2.85%
Ohio 7001340000000000000♠34 44,825.58 116,098 7001350000000000000♠35 40,860.69 105,829 7001911500000000000♠91.15% 7001140000000000000♠14 3,964.89 10,269 7000885000000000000♠8.85%
Virginia 7001350000000000000♠35 42,774.93 110,787 7001360000000000000♠36 39,490.09 102,279 7001923200000099999♠92.32% 7001150000000000000♠15 3,284.84 8,508 7000768000000000000♠7.68%
Tennessee 7001360000000000000♠36 42,144.25 109,153 7001340000000000000♠34 41,234.90 106,798 7001978400000000000♠97.84% 7001350000000000000♠35 909.36 2,355 7000216000000000000♠2.16%
Kentucky 7001370000000000000♠37 40,407.80 104,656 7001370000000000000♠37 39,486.34 102,269 7001977200000000000♠97.72% 7001340000000000000♠34 921.46 2,387 7000227990000099999♠2.28%
Indiana 7001380000000000000♠38 36,419.55 94,326 7001380000000000000♠38 35,826.11 92,789 7001983700000000000♠98.37% 7001390000000000000♠39 593.44 1,537 7000162990000000000♠1.63%
Maine 7001390000000000000♠39 35,379.74 91,633 7001390000000000000♠39 30,842.92 79,883 7001871800000000000♠87.18% 7001120000000000000♠12 4,536.82 11,750 7001128200000000000♠12.82%
South Carolina 7001400000000000000♠40 32,020.49 82,933 7001400000000000000♠40 30,060.70 77,857 7001938800000000000♠93.88% 7001210000000000000♠21 1,959.79 5,076 7000612000000000000♠6.12%
West Virginia 7001410000000000000♠41 24,230.04 62,756 7001410000000000000♠41 24,038.21 62,259 7001992100000099999♠99.21% 7001500000000000000♠50 191.83 497 6999790000000000000♠0.79%
Maryland 7001420000000000000♠42 12,405.93 32,131 7001420000000000000♠42 9,707.24 25,142 7001782500000000000♠78.25% 7001180000000000000♠18 2,698.69 6,990 7001217500000000000♠21.75%
Hawaii 7001430000000000000♠43 10,931.72 28,313 7001470000000000000♠47 6,422.63 16,635 7001587500000000000♠58.75% 7001130000000000000♠13 4,509.09 11,678 7001412500000000000♠41.25%
Massachusetts 7001440000000000000♠44 10,554.39 27,336 7001450000000000000♠45 7,800.06 20,202 7001739000000000000♠73.90% 7001160000000000000♠16 2,754.33 7,134 7001261000000000000♠26.10%
Vermont 7001450000000000000♠45 9,616.36 24,906 7001430000000000000♠43 9,216.66 23,871 7001958400000000000♠95.84% 7001460000000000000♠46 399.71 1,035 7000416000000000000♠4.16%
New Hampshire 7001460000000000000♠46 9,349.16 24,214 7001440000000000000♠44 8,952.65 23,187 7001957600000000000♠95.76% 7001470000000000000♠47 396.51 1,027 7000424000000000000♠4.24%
New Jersey 7001470000000000000♠47 8,722.58 22,591 7001460000000000000♠46 7,354.22 19,047 7001843100000000000♠84.31% 7001270000000000000♠27 1,368.36 3,544 7001156900000000000♠15.69%
Connecticut 7001480000000000000♠48 5,543.41 14,357 7001480000000000000♠48 4,842.36 12,542 7001873500000000000♠87.35% 7001380000000000000♠38 701.06 1,816 7001126500000000000♠12.65%
Delaware 7001490000000000000♠49 2,488.72 6,446 7001490000000000000♠49 1,948.54 5,047 7001782900000000000♠78.29% 7001400000000000000♠40 540.18 1,399 7001217100000000000♠21.71%
Rhode Island 7001500000000000000♠50 1,544.89 4,001 7001500000000000000♠50 1,033.81 2,678 7001669200000000000♠66.92% 7001430000000000000♠43 511.07 1,324 7001330800000000000♠33.08%
District of Columbia 7002100000000000000♠ 68.34 177 7002100000000000000♠ 61.05 158 7001893300000000000♠89.33% 7002100000000000000♠ 7.29 19 7001106700000000000♠10.67%
Puerto Rico 7002100000000000000♠ 5,324.84 13,791 7002100000000000000♠ 3,423.78 8,868 7001643000000000000♠64.30% 7002100000000000000♠ 1,901.07 4,924 7001357000000000000♠35.70%
Northern Mariana Islands 7002100000000000000♠ 1,975.57 5,117 7002100000000000000♠ 182.33 472 7000923000000000000♠9.23% 7002100000000000000♠ 1,793.24 4,644 7001907700000000000♠90.77%
United States Virgin Islands 7002100000000000000♠ 732.93 1,898 7002100000000000000♠ 134.32 348 7001183309999999999♠18.33% 7002100000000000000♠ 598.61 1,550 7001816700000000000♠81.67%
American Samoa 7002100000000000000♠ 581.05 1,505 7002100000000000000♠ 76.46 198 7001131600000000000♠13.16% 7002100000000000000♠ 504.60 1,307 7001868400000000000♠86.84%
Guam 7002100000000000000♠ 570.62 1,478 7002100000000000000♠ 209.80 543 7001367700000000000♠36.77% 7002100000000000000♠ 360.82 935 7001632300000000000♠63.23%
Minor Outlying Islands[3][a] 7002100000000000000♠ 16.00 41 7002100000000000000♠ 16.00 41 — 7002100000000000000♠ — — —
Contiguous United States Total 3,120,426.47 8,081,867 7002100000000000000♠ 2,954,841.42 7,653,004 7001946900000000000♠94.69% 7002100000000000000♠ 165,584.6 428,862 7000530990000099999♠5.31%
50 states and D.C. Total 3,796,742.23 9,833,517 7002100000000000000♠ 3,531,905.43 9,147,593 7001930200000000000♠93.02% 7002100000000000000♠ 264,836.79 685,924 7000698000000000000♠6.98%
All U.S. territory Total 3,805,943.26 9,857,348 7002100000000000000♠ 3,535,948.12 9,158,064 7001929100000000000♠92.91% 7002100000000000000♠ 269,995.13 699,284 7000709000000000000♠7.09%
Area by division[edit]
All divisions presented below are as configured by the United States Census Bureau.
Total area[2]
Land area[2]
Water[2]
Division
Rank
sq mi
km²
Rank
sq mi
km²
% land
Rank
sq mi
km²
% water
East North Central
7000500000000000000♠5 301,368.57 780,541 7000600000000000000♠6 242,902.44 629,114 7000200000000000000♠2 58,466.13 151,427
East South Central
7000700000000000000♠7 183,403.89 475,014 7000700000000000000♠7 178,289.83 461,769 7000900000000000000♠9 5,114.60 13,247
Middle Atlantic
7000800000000000000♠8 109,331.89 283,168 7000800000000000000♠8 99,223.32 256,987 7000600000000000000♠6 10,108.57 26,181
Mountain
7000200000000000000♠2 863,564.63 2,236,622 7000200000000000000♠2 855,766.98 2,216,426 7000800000000000000♠8 7,797.65 20,196
New England
7000900000000000000♠9 71,987.96 186,448 7000900000000000000♠9 62,668.46 162,311 7000700000000000000♠7 9,299.50 24,086
Pacific
7000100000000000000♠1 1,009,687.00 2,615,077 7000100000000000000♠1 895,286.33 2,318,781 7000100000000000000♠1 114,400.67 296,296
South Atlantic
7000600000000000000♠6 292,990.46 758,842 7000500000000000000♠5 265,061.97 686,507 7000300000000000000♠3 27,928.49 72,334
West North Central
7000300000000000000♠3 520,355.80 1,347,715 7000300000000000000♠3 507,620.08 1,314,730 7000500000000000000♠5 12,735.72 32,985
West South Central
7000400000000000000♠4 444,052.01 1,150,089 7000400000000000000♠4 425,066.01 1,100,916 7000400000000000000♠4 18,986.00 49,174
Area by region[edit]
All regions presented below are as configured by the United States Census Bureau.
Total area[2]
Land area[2]
Water[2]
Region
Rank
sq mi
km²
Rank
sq mi
km²
% land
Rank
sq mi
km²
% water
Midwest
7000300000000000000♠3 821,724.38 2,128,256 7000300000000000000♠3 750,522.52 1,943,844 7000200000000000000♠2 71,201.86 184,412
Northeast
7000400000000000000♠4 181,319.85 469,616 7000400000000000000♠4 161,911.78 419,350 7000400000000000000♠4 19,408.07 50,267
South
7000200000000000000♠2 920,446.37 2,383,945 7000200000000000000♠2 868,417.82 2,249,192 7000300000000000000♠3 52,028.55 134,753
West
7000100000000000000♠1 1,873,251.63 4,851,699 7000100000000000000♠1 1,751,053.31 4,535,207 7000100000000000000♠1 122,198.32 316,492
U.S. states by total area
U.S. states by land area
U.S. states by water area
U.S. states by water percentage
Alaska is the largest state by total area, land area, and water area. It is the 7th largest country subdivision in the world.[citation needed]
The area of Alaska is 7001180000000000000♠18% of the area of the United States and 7001210000000000000♠21% of the area of the contiguous United States
The second largest state, Texas, is only 7001400000000000000♠40% of the total area of the largest state, Alaska
Rhode Island is the smallest state by total area and land area
San Bernardino County is the largest county in the contiguous U.S. and is larger than each of the nine smallest states; it is larger than the four smallest states combined.
Michigan is second (after Alaska) in water area, and first in water percentage
Florida is mostly a peninsula, and has the third largest water area and seventh largest water area percentage
See also[edit]
United States portal
List of the largest country subdivisions by area
List of political and geographic subdivisions by total area
List of U.S. cities by area
List of U.S. states and territories by population
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Areas were not published in the 2010 census, unlike previous years, as the U.S. Census Bureau no longer collects data on the Minor Outlying Islands.[2]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Census 2000 Geographic Terms and Concepts, Census 2000 Geography Glossary, U.S. Census Bureau. Accessed 2007-07-10
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j "United States Summary: 2010, Population and Housing Unit Counts, 2010 Census of Population and Housing" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. September 2012. pp. V–2, 1 & 41 (Tables 1 & 18). Retrieved February 7, 2014.
Jump up ^ "United States Summary: 2010, Population and Housing Unit Counts, 2000 Census of Population and Housing" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. April 2004. p. 1 (Table 1). Retrieved February 10, 2014.
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Somebody's Watching Me
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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For the album, see Somebody's Watching Me (album).
"Somebody's Watching Me"
Side-A label of US 12-inch vinyl single
Single by Rockwell
from the album Somebody's Watching Me
B-side
"Somebody's Watching Me (Instrumental)"
Released
1984
Format
7" single
cassette single
Genre
Synth-funk[1]
Length
4:59 (Album version)
4:00 (Single version)
3:33 (Radio version)
Label
Motown M 1702
Songwriter(s)
Kennedy "Rockwell" Gordy
Producer(s)
Curtis Anthony Nolen
Rockwell
Rockwell singles chronology
"Somebody's Watching Me"
(1984) "Obscene Phone Caller"
(1984)
"Somebody's Watching Me"
(1984) "Obscene Phone Caller"
(1984)
Music video
"Somebody's Watching Me" on YouTube
"Somebody's Watching Me" is a song by American singer Rockwell from his debut studio album Somebody's Watching Me (1984). It was released as Rockwell's debut single and lead single from the album on January 14, 1984, by Motown. It features former Jackson 5 members Michael Jackson (vocals in the chorus) and Jermaine Jackson (additional backing vocals).[2]
"Somebody's Watching Me" became a commercial success internationally, topping the charts in Belgium, France and Spain. "Somebody's Watching Me" also peaked at number two on the US Billboard Hot 100, as well as reaching number six on the UK Singles Chart.
Contents
[hide]
1 Background
2 Composition
3 Music video
3.1 Plot
4 Charts and certifications
4.1 Weekly charts
4.2 Year-end charts
4.3 Sales and certifications
5 DJ BoBo version: "Somebody Dance with Me"
6 Beatfreakz version
6.1 Track listing
6.2 Chart performance
7 Other cover versions
8 Sampling
9 Appearances in other media
9.1 TV
9.2 Film
10 See also
11 References
12 External links
Background[edit]
Rockwell is a son of Motown CEO Berry Gordy. At the time of the recording, Rockwell was estranged from his father and living with Ray Singleton, his father's ex-wife and the mother of his older half-brother, Kerry Gordy. Singleton served as executive producer on the project and would occasionally play some demo tracks to Berry. The elder Gordy was less than enthusiastic about Rockwell's music until he heard the single with a familiar voice featured prominently on background vocals.[2][3]
Produced by Curtis Anthony Nolen, the song featured backing vocals by Michael Jackson and Alan Murray on percussion.[2][4]
Due in part to the popularity of the music video, the song is sometimes used for Halloween celebrations, with cover versions found in various collections of Halloween music.
Composition[edit]
The song is written in the key of C-sharp minor in 4
4 time with a tempo of 124 beats per minute. The vocals span from C4 to C5.[5]
Music video[edit]
The single's music video underscores the song's paranoid tone with a haunted house-inspired theme, including imagery of floating heads, ravens, graveyards, and shower scenes referencing Psycho.
Plot[edit]
The video opens with Rockwell coming home to discover that the wrong newspaper has been delivered to his doorstep. As he takes a quick shower, he begins to have strange visions (in a manner recalling The Dead Zone) of himself being pursued around his house by assorted ghoulish appartions, of the looming figure of a cadaverous-looking man, and of finding a tombstone engraved with his own name. His shower is interrupted when he hears something outside and goes out on his balcony to investigate. He is shocked to see the man from his visions standing at his gate, but as he struggles to get a better look in spite of the sun in his face he is greatly relieved to see that he is merely a mailman, come to deliver the correct newspaper. As the mailman walks up the path towards the front porch, however, a brief close-up of his arm reveals that he is, in fact, a zombie. Rockwell emerges onto the porch to receive the paper, which the mailman genially hands over. As the mailman brings his other arm around to strike, Rockwell has just enough time to notice that he is not human.
Charts and certifications[edit]
Weekly charts[edit]
Chart (1984)
Peak
position
Australia (Kent Music Report)[6] 12
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[7] 14
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)[8] 1
Canada Top Singles (RPM)[9] 2
France (IFOP)[10] 1
Germany (Official German Charts)[11] 2
Ireland (IRMA)[12] 6
Italy (FIMI)[13] 14
Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)[14] 2
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[15] 4
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[16] 5
Norway (VG-lista)[17] 7
South Africa (Springbok Radio)[18] 5
Spain (AFYVE)[19] 1
Sweden (Sverigetopplistan)[20] 4
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)[21] 3
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[22] 6
US Billboard Hot 100[23] 2
US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard)[24] 1
US Cash Box[25] 2
US Dance/Disco Top 80 (Billboard)[26] 3
US Top Tracks (Billboard)[26] 31
Year-end charts[edit]
Chart (1984)
Position
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)[27] 13
Canada (RPM Top 100 Singles)[28] 28
France (IFOP)[29] 46
Germany (Official German Charts)[30] 46
Italy (FIMI)[13] 84
Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)[31] 16
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[32] 46
US Billboard Hot 100[33] 26
US Cash Box[34] 21
US Top Black Singles (Billboard)[33] 12
Sales and certifications[edit]
Region
Certification
Certified units/Sales
Canada (Music Canada)[35]
Gold 5,000^
France
354,000[36]
United States (RIAA)[37]
Gold 1,000,000^
United States (RIAA)[37]
Gold 500,000^
*sales figures based on certification alone
^shipments figures based on certification alone
DJ BoBo version: "Somebody Dance with Me"[edit]
Main article: Somebody Dance with Me
DJ BoBo based his 1992 single "Somebody Dance with Me" on "Somebody's Watching Me" with new lyrics and rap. The DJ BoBo single peaked at no. 1 in Sweden and Switzerland, no. 3 in Austria, Netherlands and Norway, at no. 4 in Germany and no. 13 in Australia.
In 2012, a remix of the hit was made by Remady titled "Somebody Dance With Me (Remady 2013 Mix)" by DJ BoBo featuring Manu-L. Released early in 2013, it charted in Swiss Hitparade reaching no. 4. The mix was made on the 20th anniversary of the initial hit by DJ BoBo in November 1992.
Beatfreakz version[edit]
"Somebody's Watching Me"
Single by Beatfreakz
Released
April 24, 2006 (UK)
June 9, 2006 (US)
Format
CD single
Genre
Dance, house
Length
2:48
Songwriter(s)
Kennedy "Rockwell" Gordy
Producer(s)
Beatfreakz
Beatfreakz singles chronology
"Somebody's Watching Me"
(2006) "Superfreak"
(2006)
"Somebody's Watching Me"
(2006) "Superfreak"
(2006)
Music video
"Somebody's Watching Me" on YouTube
In 2006, Dutch dance group Beatfreakz recorded a pseudo-cover of the song which sampled the chorus but omitted the verses. Their version peaked at no. 1 in Spain, no. 3 in the UK Singles Chart, no. 3 in the German Official Dance Chart, no. 4 in Russia, no. 5 in Ireland, no. 7 in Finland and New Zealand, no. 12 in the Dutch Top 40, no. 18 in France, no. 36 in the Belgium Ultratop 50, and no. 38 in Australia.
Track listing[edit]
CD single
Somebody's Watching Me [Hi Tack Edit]
Somebody's Watching Me [Hi Tack Club Mix]
Somebody's Watching Me [E-Craig's 2006 Remix]
Somebody's Watching Me [DeNnis Christopher Remix]
Somebody's Watching Me [Ian Carey Club Mix]
Chart performance[edit]
Chart (2006)
Peak
position
Australia (ARIA)[38] 38
Belgium (Ultratip Flanders)[39] 6
Belgium (Ultratip Wallonia)[40] 4
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Dance Flanders)[41] 17
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Dance Wallonia)[42] 17
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)[43] 28
France (SNEP)[44] 18
Finland (Suomen virallinen lista)[45] 7
Germany (Official German Charts)[46] 41
Ireland (IRMA)[47] 5
Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)[48] 12
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[49] 21
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[50] 7
Romania (Romanian Top 100)[51] 28
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)[52] 65
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[53] 3
Other cover versions[edit]
A cover of the song by Morris Day (lead singer of The Time) was included on The Haunted Mansion: Haunted Hits, the soundtrack album for the 2003 Walt Disney Pictures film The Haunted Mansion.
Finnish power metal band Warmen included a cover of the song on their 2005 album Accept the Fact. Their version featured melodic death metal singer Alexi Laiho.
Danish industrial metal band Raunchy covered the song for their 2008 album Wasteland Discotheque.
Electro/hip hop artist/DJ/producers, Mysto & Pizzi, recorded a cover of the song for a series of GEICO television commercials.[54]
Comedy rock band The Radioactive Chicken Heads recorded a cover for their 2017 album Tales From The Coop.
Sampling[edit]
TRU incorporated the lyrics and main melody of the chorus into their 1997 single "I Always Feel Like (Somebody's Watching Me)".[55]
Jamaican dancehall group T.O.K. sampled the song with additional rap lyrics for their 2001 album My Crew, My Dawgs as a hidden track.
Christian pop artist tobyMac sampled the chorus for his song "Somebody's Watching" from his 2001 album Momentum.[56]
In 2001, French hip hop group Fonky Family sampled the song in "Art de Rue".[57]
R&B artist Ciara incorporated a portion of "Somebody's Watching Me" for her 2006 hit single "Get Up".
Hip hop group The Pack incorporates parts of the song, including the chorus, in their single "I'm Shinin'" from their 2007 album Based Boys.[58]
In 2008, Internet celebrity Jeffree Star used the chorus of the song in his own track "Starstruck" which features the band Danger Radio.
In 2009, Christian hip hop artist Andy Mineo released a song entitled "Who's Watching" (from the album "Sin Is Wack") that samples both the melody and parts of the chorus, which he altered to produce a seemingly entirely different song.
For the 2011 Cirque du Soleil show Michael Jackson: The Immortal World Tour, the background vocals from this song found their way into a medley that included "Is It Scary?", "Threatened", and "Thriller." It was released on Michael Jackson's album Immortal in 2011.
In Nephew's 2012 album, they sample the song in the chorus of their song "Åh Gud (Jeg Håber Du Holder Øje Med Mig)". The title literally means: Oh God (I Hope That You Are Watching Me.)
In 2016, Canadian singer-songwriter Virginia to Vegas sampled the song on his single "Lights Out".
Appearances in other media[edit]
TV[edit]
It was featured in the pilot episode of the hit 1980s TV show, Miami Vice.
The song appears in the Season 1 episode "Everybody Hates Playboy" of Everybody Hates Chris, as Chris and Greg plan to steal the titular magazine back from the assistant principal's office.
The song was comically sung in a television commercial for NHL 08.
The Mysto & Pizzi cover version was featured in a series of commercials for GEICO that began airing in December 2008 and throughout 2009. The campaign, created by The Martin Agency,[59] consisted of various advertisements in which people would happen upon Kash, a stack of money with googly eyes, while the song is played in the background.
The song was used in The Cleveland Show's series 3 episode 6 "Sex and the Biddy".
A remixed clip of the song is used in promotional sequences for the upcoming ABC television show, The Glass House.
The song was featured in Ellen's Halloween dance mix.
Film[edit]
The song was featured in the classic 1999 skateboarding film Round 2.
The song was also featured in You Don't Mess with the Zohan (2008).
The song was used as Number Four's ringtone in the 2011 film adaptation of I Am Number Four.
See also[edit]
List of number-one R&B singles of 1984 (U.S.)
Billboard Year-End Hot 100 singles of 1984
List of number-one singles of 1984 (France)
List of number-one singles of 1984 (Spain)
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Huey, Steve. "Rockwell – Artist Biography". AllMusic. All Media Network. Retrieved October 18, 2014. Son of Berry Gordy who scored a number two Hot 100 hit with the 1983 synth-funk single "Somebody's Watching Me."
^ Jump up to: a b c Somebody's Watching Me (Media notes). Rockwell. Hollywood, California: Motown Records. 1984.
Jump up ^ Gordy Singleton, Raynoma (1990). "Super Three". Berry, Me and Motown (1st ed.). Chicago: Contemporary Books. pp. 297–299. ISBN 0-8092-4340-7. As they finished mixing down the record, I could barely wait to rush it over and play it for Berry.
Jump up ^ Higginson, Cheryl (May 1, 1984). "Rockwell Rockets Up The Popular Charts". Luddington Daily News. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
Jump up ^ "Somebody's Watching Me By Rockwell – Digital Sheet Music". Musicnotes. Retrieved February 28, 2017.
Jump up ^ Kent, David (1993). Australian Chart Book 1970–1992. St Ives, N.S.W.: Australian Chart Book. ISBN 0-646-11917-6.
Jump up ^ "Austriancharts.at – Rockwell – Somebody's Watching Me" (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Ultratop.be – Rockwell – Somebody's Watching Me" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Top RPM Singles: Issue 6316." RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Toutes les Chansons N° 1 des Années 80's" (in French). InfoDisc. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Offiziellecharts.de – Rockwell – Somebody's Watching Me". GfK Entertainment Charts. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
Jump up ^ "The Irish Charts – Search Results – Somebody's Watching Me". Irish Singles Chart. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b "I singoli più venduti del 1984" (in Italian). Hit Parade Italia. Creative Commons. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Nederlandse Top 40 – Rockwell - Somebody's Watching Me search results" (in Dutch) Dutch Top 40. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Dutchcharts.nl – Rockwell – Somebody's Watching Me" (in Dutch). Single Top 100. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Charts.org.nz – Rockwell – Somebody's Watching Me". Top 40 Singles. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Norwegiancharts.com – Rockwell – Somebody's Watching Me". VG-lista. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ "South African Rock Lists Website SA Charts 1969–1989 Acts (R)". Rock.co.za. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ Salaverri, Fernando (September 2005). Sólo éxitos: año a año, 1959–2002 (in Spanish) (1st ed.). Spain: Fundación Autor-SGAE. ISBN 84-8048-639-2.
Jump up ^ "Swedishcharts.com – Rockwell – Somebody's Watching Me". Singles Top 100. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Swisscharts.com – Rockwell – Somebody's Watching Me". Swiss Singles Chart. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Rockwell – Chart history" Billboard Hot 100 for Rockwell. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Rockwell – Chart history" Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs for Rockwell. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
Jump up ^ "CASH BOX Top 100 Singles – Week ending MARCH 24, 1984". Archived from the original on September 30, 2012. . Cash Box.
^ Jump up to: a b "BB-1984-03-10" (PDF). Billboard. March 10, 1984. pp. 22, 57. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Jaaroverzichten 1984" (in Dutch). Ultratop. Hung Medien. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Top Singles – Volume 41, No. 17, January 05 1985". RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
Jump up ^ "TOP – 1984" (in French). Top-france.fr. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Jahrescharts – 1984" (in German). Offiziellecharts.de. GfK Entertainment Charts. Retrieved September 7, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Top 100-Jaaroverzicht van 1984" (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Jaaroverzichten – Single 1984" (in Dutch). Single Top 100. Hung Medien. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b "BB-1984-12-22" (PDF). Billboard. December 22, 1984. pp. 14, TA–19, TA–21. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
Jump up ^ "The CASH BOX Year-End Charts: 1984". Archived from the original on September 30, 2012. . Cash Box.
Jump up ^ "Canadian single certifications – Rockwell – Somebody's Watching Me". Music Canada.
Jump up ^ "Les Meilleures Ventes Tout Temps de 45 T. / Singles" (in French). InfoDisc. Archived from the original on December 16, 2014. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b "American single certifications – Rockwell – Somebody's Watching Me". Recording Industry Association of America. If necessary, click Advanced, then click Format, then select Single, then click SEARCH
Jump up ^ "Australian-charts.com – Beatfreakz – Somebody's Watching Me". ARIA Top 50 Singles. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Ultratop.be – Beatfreakz – Somebody's Watching Me" (in Dutch). Ultratip. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Ultratop.be – Beatfreakz – Somebody's Watching Me" (in French). Ultratip. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ "ultratop.be – 50 DANCE 03/06/2006" (in Dutch). Ultratop. Hung Medien. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ "ultratop.be – 50 DANCE 03/06/2006" (in French). Ultratop. Hung Medien. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Ultratop.be – Beatfreakz – Somebody's Watching Me" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Lescharts.com – Beatfreakz – Somebody's Watching Me" (in French). Les classement single. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Beatfreakz: Somebody's Watching Me" (in Finnish). Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Offiziellecharts.de – Beatfreakz – Somebody's Watching Me". GfK Entertainment Charts. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ "The Irish Charts – Search Results – Somebodys Watching Me". Irish Singles Chart. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Nederlandse Top 40 – Beatfreakz - Somebody's Watching Me search results" (in Dutch) Dutch Top 40. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Dutchcharts.nl – Beatfreakz – Somebody's Watching Me" (in Dutch). Single Top 100. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Charts.org.nz – Beatfreakz – Somebody's Watching Me". Top 40 Singles. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ (in Romanian) "Issue nr: 23/2006 (12 Iunie – 18 Iunie 2006)". Archived from the original on June 13, 2006. . see last week position. Romanian Top 100.
Jump up ^ "Swisscharts.com – Beatfreakz – Somebody's Watching Me". Swiss Singles Chart. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ "GEICO – The Remake of Somebody's Watching Me...". January 27, 2009.
Jump up ^ "TRU's I Always Feel Like... sample of Rockwell feat. Michael Jackson's Somebody's Watching Me". WhoSampled. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ "tobyMac feat. Joanna Valencia's Somebody's Watching sample of Rockwell feat. Michael Jackson's Somebody's Watching Me". WhoSampled. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ Jean (July 29, 2015). "Isleym : Premier album ’Où ça nous mène’ en 2014". Evous (in French). Retrieved March 5, 2016.
Jump up ^ "The Pack's I'm Shinin' sample of Rockwell feat. Michael Jackson's Somebody's Watching Me". WhoSampled. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ Parpis, Elefteria (December 25, 2008). "Kash Debuts for Geico". Adweek. Retrieved December 19, 2008.
External links[edit]
Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
[hide]
v
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Michael Jackson songs
Discography
Got to Be There
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Xscape
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"Price of Fame"
Featured
"Night Time Lover"
"Say Say Say"
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"Tell Me I'm Not Dreamin' (Too Good to Be True)"
"Get It"
"2300 Jackson Street"
"Do the Bartman"
"Whatzupwitu"
"Why"
"I Need You"
"We Be Ballin'"
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"There Must Be More To Life Than This"
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Naa Peru Surya, Naa Illu India
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (January 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Naa Peru Surya, Naa Illu India/En Peyar Surya, En Veedu India
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
Vakkantham Vamsi
Produced by
Sridhar Lagadapati
Bunny Vasu
Sushil Choudhary
K. Nagendra Babu
Written by
Vakkantham Vamsi
Starring
Mohd Mehtab
Anu Emmanuel
Arjun Sarja
R. Sarathkumar
Thakur Anoop Singh
Music by
Vishal-Shekhar
Cinematography
Rajeev Ravi
Edited by
Kotagiri Venkateswara Rao
Production
company
Ramalakshmi Cine Creations
Release date
4 May 2018 (2018-05-04)[1]
Running time
168 minutes
Country
India
Language
Telugu/Tamil
Naa Peru Surya, Naa Illu India (En Peyar Surya, En Veedu India in Tamil) (lit. My name is Surya, My home is India) is an upcoming Indian 2018 Telugu/Tamil- action film produced by Sirisha and Sridhar Lagadapati under the Ramalakshmi Cine Creations banner, and written and directed by Vakkantham Vamsi. Being a bilingual, the film is being simultaneously shot in Telugu and Tamil languages, and is slated to be released along with a Malayalam dubbed version, titled Ente Peru Surya, Ente Veedu India.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production
4 Soundtrack
5 References
6 External links
Plot[edit]
The story is about an army officer with anger management issues, played by Allu Arjun.[2]
Cast[edit]
Allu Arjun as Surya
Anu Emmanuel
Arjun Sarja
R. Sarathkumar
Thakur Anoop Singh
Boman Irani
Rao Ramesh
Vennela Kishore
Elli Avram (performing in an item number)[3][4]
Production[edit]
The movie marks the debut of Vamsi as a director. Vamsi has previously written stories for successful movies like Kick, Race Gurram and Temper. The movie stars Allu Arjun and Anu Emmanuel in the lead role while Arjun Sarja and R. Sarathkumar play supporting roles. Kotagiri Venkateswara Rao, Rajeev Ravi and Rajeevan are the editor, cinematographer and art director respectively.
The movie teaser was released on 1 January 2018 and registered 10 million digital views within 29 hours.[2]
Soundtrack[edit]
The soundtrack for the movie is composed by Vishal-Shekhar. The first single from the film, "Sainika", was released on Indian Republic Day, 26 January 2018 as a tribute to the soldiers of the Indian Army.[5] The film's second single "Lover Also, Fighter Also" was released on 14 February 2018.[6] Naa Peru Surya Naa Illu India Movie Audio Launch event held on April 22nd at Military Madhavaram, West Godavari, AP. [7] Naa Peru Surya- Naa Illu India pre-release event organized on April 29th at Gachibowli Stadium, Hyderabad. Ram Charan will be a Chief Guest.[8]
Track listing
No.
Title
Lyrics
Artist(s)
Length
1. "Sainika" Ramajogayya Sastry Vishal Dadlani 4:15
2. "Lover also, Fighter also" Ramajogayya Sastry Shekhar Ravjiani 4:10
3. "Beautiful Love" Sirivennela Seetharama Sastry Armaan Malik, Chaitra Ambadipudi 5:13
4. "Maya" Ramajogayya Sastry Arijit Singh, Ramya Behara
5. "Yenniyallo Yenniyallo" Ramajogayya Sastry Malavika
6. "Iraga Iraga" Ramajogayya Sastry Mohana Bhogaraju, Rahul Sipligunj
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Mahesh Babu's Bharat Ane Nanu and Allu Arjun's Naa Peru Surya Naa Illu India get new release dates". The Indian Express. Retrieved 24 February 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b "Allu Arjun's Naa Peru Surya Naa Illu India teaser sets a new record: 10 million views so far". The Indian Express. 2018-01-03. Retrieved 2018-01-19.
Jump up ^ "Elli AvrRam in Allu Arjun's film". 19 March 2018.
Jump up ^ "Elli AvrRam to do a special song in Allu Arjun's Naa Peru Surya, Naa Illu India". 19 March 2018.
Jump up ^ "'Naa Peru Surya' tribute to soldiers on Republic Day – Telugu 360". Telugu 360. 2018-01-18. Retrieved 2018-01-19.
Jump up ^ "Allu Arjun's 'Naa Peru Surya's' second single is out". Times of India. 2018-02-14. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
Jump up ^ "Naa Peru Surya Audio Launch Stills". moviegalleri.net. 2018-04-22. Retrieved 2018-04-22.
Jump up ^ "Ram Charan is Guest of Naa Peru Surya Pre-Release Event". moviegalleri.net. 2018-04-25. Retrieved 2018-04-27.
External links[edit]
Naa Peru Surya, Naa Illu India on IMDb
This article about a Telugu-language film of the 2010s is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
v
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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naa_Peru_Surya,_Naa_Illu_India&oldid=838503954"
Categories:
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2018 films
Indian films
Upcoming Telugu-language films
2010s Telugu-language films
Indian action films
Films scored by Vishal–Shekhar
Indian war films
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War drama films
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తెలుగు
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Ambassador
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about ambassadors in general. For other uses (including specific types of ambassadors), see Ambassador (disambiguation).
Hans Holbein the Younger:
The Ambassadors, 1533. The life-sized panel portrays Jean de Dinteville and Georges de Selve, the ambassadors of Francis I of France.
An ambassador is an official envoy, especially a high-ranking diplomat who represents a state and is usually accredited to another sovereign state or to an international organization as the resident representative of their own government or sovereign or appointed for a special and often temporary diplomatic assignment.[1] The word is also often used more liberally for persons who are known, without national appointment, to represent certain professions, activities and fields of endeavor such as sales.
An ambassador is the ranking government representative stationed in a foreign capital. The host country typically allows the ambassador control of specific territory called an embassy, whose territory, staff, and vehicles are generally afforded diplomatic immunity in the host country. Under the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, an ambassador has the highest diplomatic rank. Countries may choose to maintain diplomatic relations at a lower level by appointing a chargé d'affaires in place of an ambassador.
The equivalent to an ambassador exchanged among members of the Commonwealth of Nations are known as High Commissioners. The "ambassadors" of the Holy See are known as Papal or Apostolic Nuncios.
Contents
[hide]
1 Etymology
2 Purposes
2.1 Protect citizens
2.2 Support prosperity
2.3 Work for peace
3 Rise of modern diplomacy
4 Ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary
5 Ambassador-at-Large
6 Title
7 Non-diplomatic ambassadorships
8 See also
9 References
10 Bibliography
11 External links
Etymology[edit]
The term is derived from Middle English ambassadour, Anglo-French ambassateur, ultimately of Latin origin from the word Ambaxus-Ambactus, meaning servant or minister; akin to Old High German ambaht, "service". The first known usage of the term is in the Bible. [2]
Purposes[edit]
The foreign government to which an ambassador is assigned must first approve the person. In some cases, the foreign government might reverse its approval by declaring the diplomat a persona non grata, i.e. an unacceptable person. This kind of declaration usually results in recalling the ambassador to their home nation. In accordance with the Congress of Vienna of 1815 and the 1961 Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, the ambassador and embassy staff are granted diplomatic immunity and personal safety while living abroad.[3][4]
Protect citizens[edit]
Due to the advent of modern travel, today's world is a much smaller place in relative terms. With this in mind, it is considered important that the nations of the world have at least a small staff living in foreign capitals in order to aid travelers and visitors from their home nation. As an officer of the foreign service, an ambassador is expected to protect the citizens of their home country in the host country.[5][4]
Support prosperity[edit]
Another result of the increase in foreign travel is the growth of trade between nations. For most countries, the national economy is now part of the global economy. This means increased opportunities to sell and trade with other nations. When two nations are conducting a trade, it is usually advantageous to both parties to have an ambassador and perhaps a small staff living in the other land, where they act as an intermediary between cooperative businesses.[5][4]
Work for peace[edit]
One of the cornerstones of foreign diplomatic missions is to work for peace. This task can grow into a fight against international terrorism, the drug trade, international bribery, and human trafficking. Ambassadors help stop these acts, helping people across the globe. These activities are important and sensitive and are usually carried out in coordination with the Defense Ministry of the state (or the Defense Department in the U.S.) and the head of the nation.[5][4]
Rise of modern diplomacy[edit]
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (October 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Arrival of the English Ambassadors by Vittore Carpaccio, painted between 1495 and 1500—though ostensibly part of a series of paintings on the life of Saint Ursula, this actually depicts the developing diplomatic practices of the Republic of Venice in the painter's own time
Before taking office, an ambassador's credentials must be accepted, such as when South African Ambassador Harry Schwarz handed his credentials to U.S. President George H. W. Bush in 1991.
The rise of the modern diplomatic system was a product of the Italian Renaissance (from around 1300 AD). The use of ambassadors became a political strategy in Italy during the 17th century. The political changes in Italy altered the role of ambassadors in diplomatic affairs. Because many of the states in Italy were small in size, they were particularly vulnerable to larger states. The ambassador system was used to disperse information and to protect the more vulnerable states.
This practice then spread to Europe during the Italian Wars. The use and creation of ambassadors during the 15th century in Italy has had long-term effects on Europe and, in turn, the world's diplomatic and political progression. Europe still uses the same terms of ambassador rights as they had established in the 16th century, concerning the rights of the ambassadors in host countries as well as the proper diplomatic procedures. An ambassador was used as a representative of the state in which they are from to negotiate and disseminate information in order to keep peace and establish relationships with other states. This attempt was employed in the effort to maintain peaceful relations with nations and make alliances during difficult times.
The use of ambassadors today is widespread. States and non-state actors use diplomatic representatives to deal with any problems that occur within the international system. Ambassadors now normally live overseas or within the country in which it is assigned to for long periods of time so that they are acquainted with the culture and local people. This way they are more politically effective and trusted, enabling them to accomplish goals that their host country desires.
Ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary[edit]
Maria-Pia Kothbauer, Princess of Liechtenstein and Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to the Czech Republic, presenting her credentials to Václav Klaus
The Congress of Vienna of 1815 formalized the system of diplomatic rank under international law:
Ambassadors are diplomats of the highest rank, formally representing the head of state, with plenipotentiary powers (i.e. full authority to represent the government). In modern usage, most ambassadors on foreign postings as head of mission carry the full title of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary. "Ordinary" ambassadors and non-plenipotentiary status are rarely used, although they may be encountered in certain circumstances. The only difference between an extraordinary ambassador and an ordinary ambassador is that while the former's mission is permanent, the latter serves only for a specific purpose.[6]
Among European powers, the ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary was historically regarded as the personal representative of the Sovereign. The custom of dispatching ambassadors to the head of state rather than the government has persisted. For example, ambassadors to and from the United Kingdom are accredited to or from the Royal Court of St James's. Ambassadors hold the highest diplomatic rank and have precedence over chargés d'affaires, who are accredited by the foreign minister. Ambassadors also outranked envoys until the 1960s, when the last legations were upgraded to embassies.
Because members of the Commonwealth of Nations have or had a common head of state, they do not exchange ambassadors, but instead have High Commissioners, who represent the government, rather than the head of state. The diplomat representing the Holy See is titled a nuncio. In diplomatic usage, both the high commissioner and nuncio are considered equivalent in rank and role to an ambassador. Resident Coordinators within the United Nations system are accredited to the Head of State and have the same rank as ambassador.
Ambassadors carry formal letters of credence from their head of state, addressed to the host country's head of state. Because many Commonwealth countries have the same head of state, the accreditation of a High Commissioner is in the form of a simple and often informal letter of introduction from one head of government (Prime Minister) to that of another. The difference in accreditation is also reflected in the formal titles of envoys to foreign and Commonwealth states: e.g., British High Commissioners are formally titled "The High Commissioner for Her Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom", whereas British Ambassadors to foreign countries are known as "Her Britannic Majesty's Ambassador".[citation needed]
Ambassador-at-Large[edit]
Main article: Ambassador-at-Large
An ambassador-at-large is a diplomat of the highest rank or a minister who is accredited to represent their country. But unlike the ambassador-in-residence, who is usually limited to a country or embassy, the ambassador-at-large can be appointed to operate in several usually neighbouring countries, a region or sometimes a seat of international organizations such as the United Nations or European Union. In some cases, an ambassador-at-large may even be specifically assigned a role to advise and assist the state or Government in particular issues.
Historically, presidents or prime ministers have commissioned special diplomatic envoys for specific assignments, primarily overseas but sometimes also within the country as ambassadors-at-large.
Title[edit]
While the title generally reflects the ambassador's second head position as head of a diplomatic mission, in some countries the term may also represent a rank held by career diplomats, as a matter of internal promotion, regardless of the posting, and in many national careers it is quite common for them to be appointed to other functions, especially within the ministry/ministries in charge of foreign affairs, in some countries in systematic alternation with actual postings.
The formal form of address for an ambassador is generally the form that would be used to address a head of state: "(Your/His/Her) Excellency" followed by name or the country represented. In many countries, less formal variations are frequently used, such as "Ambassador" followed by name, or the name followed by "Ambassador of...". In the United States, "Mister/Madam Ambassador" may be used. The Republic of Kosovo has bestowed the title of Honorary ambassador to nine prominent individuals. This is a rare example of an appointment for life by presidential decree of an ambassador by a sovereign state. Honorary ambassadors are entitled to the same precedence and honors as career ambassadors in the Republic of Kosovo.
In some countries, a former ambassador may continue to be styled and addressed as ambassador throughout their life (in the United States, "Mr. Ambassador" or "Madam Ambassador" may be heard). In other countries, ambassador is a title that accrues to its holder only with respect to a specific position, and may not be used after leaving or beyond the position. Some countries do not use the term while an ambassador is in the home country, as the office holder is not an ambassador there; for example, a Canadian ambassador while in Canada is not generally addressed as ambassador, although they may be referred to as "Canadian ambassador to ..."; that is, with reference to a specific job function; the person is addressed or styled as ambassador only while holding such office.
Non-diplomatic ambassadorships[edit]
In a less formal sense, the phrase is used for high-profile non-diplomatic representatives of various entities (rarely states), mainly cultural and charitable organizations, often as willing figureheads to attract media attention; for example, film and pop stars make appeals to the public at large for UNESCO activities (see UNESCO Goodwill Ambassadors), sometimes during press-swarmed visits in the foreign country.
In French speaking regions such as metropolitan France, Guadeloupe, Réunion, Quebec, or Wallonia, the title of ambassadeur personne is used.
See also[edit]
International relations portal
Consul (representative)
Lists of ambassadors
Diplomat
Diplomacy
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Defined by Webster".
Jump up ^ "Webster Dictionary".
Jump up ^ "Purpose of Ambassador".
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Purpose as on web".
^ Jump up to: a b c "Purpose as on web".
Jump up ^ Leopold Grahame (August 6, 1913). "Embassy Councilor; Suggestion to State Department in Regard to Ex-Gov. Lind". Query.nytimes.com.
Bibliography[edit]
Rana, K. (2003). "The 21st Century Ambassador: people who are very important"
External links[edit]
Look up ambassador in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ambassadors.
Embassypages.com - Embassies and Consulates Around the World
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ambassador
http://careers.state.gov/officer
https://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/rls/dos/221.htm
http://www.ediplomat.com/nd/functions.htm
http://law.jrank.org/pages/4281/Ambassadors-Consuls-Powers-Duties.html
https://web.archive.org/web/20140112095115/http://www.international.ucla.edu/article.asp?parentid=29741
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Ambasador – Serbo-Croatian
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