text:
Episcopal polity
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about the form of church governance. For the churches characterized by this form of governance and named themselves Episcopalian, see Anglicanism.
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (August 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Ecclesiastical polity
Episcopal
Connexionalist
Presbyterian
Congregationalist
v
t
e
Church authority in ceremonies is often represented by a mitre as headdress.
The chair (cathedra) of the Supreme Pontiff (Pope) of the Catholic Church in the Archbasilica of St. John in Lateran in Rome, Italy represents his episcopal authority.
An episcopal polity is a hierarchical form of church governance ("ecclesiastical polity") in which the chief local authorities are called bishops. (The word "bishop" derives, via the British Latin and Vulgar Latin term *ebiscopus/*biscopus, from the Ancient Greek επίσκοπος epískopos meaning "overseer".) It is the structure used by many of the major Christian Churches and denominations, such as the Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Church of the East, Anglican, and Lutheran churches or denominations, and other churches founded independently from these lineages.
Churches with an episcopal polity are governed by bishops, practicing their authorities in the dioceses and conferences or synods. Their leadership is both sacramental and constitutional; as well as performing ordinations, confirmations, and consecrations, the bishop supervises the clergy within a local jurisdiction and is the representative both to secular structures and within the hierarchy of the church. Bishops are considered to derive their authority from an unbroken, personal apostolic succession from the Twelve Apostles of Jesus. Bishops with such authority are said to represent the historical episcopate or historic episcopate. Churches with this type of government usually believe that the Church requires episcopal government as described in the New Testament (see 1 Timothy 3 and 2 Timothy 1). In some systems, bishops may be subject to bishops holding a higher office (variously called archbishops, metropolitans, or patriarchs, depending upon the tradition). They also meet in councils or synods. These gatherings, subject to presidency by higher ranking bishops, usually make important decisions, though the synod or council may also be purely advisory.
For much of the written history of institutional Christianity, episcopal government was the only known form of church organization. This changed at the Reformation. Many Protestant churches are now organized by either congregational or presbyterian church polities, both descended from the writings of John Calvin, a Protestant reformer working and writing independently following the break with the Roman Catholic Church precipitated by The Ninety-Five Theses of Martin Luther.
Contents
[hide]
1 Overview of episcopal churches
2 Before the Great Schism
3 Roman Catholic Church
4 Eastern Orthodox Church
5 Oriental Orthodox churches
6 Church of the East
7 Anglican Communion
8 American Methodist churches
9 Episcopal government in other denominations
10 See also
11 References
12 Further reading
13 External links
Overview of episcopal churches[edit]
The government of a bishop is typically symbolized by a cathedral church, such as the bishops's see at Chartres Cathedral.
The definition of the word episcopal has variation among Christian traditions. There are subtle differences in governmental principles among episcopal churches at the present time. To some extent the separation of episcopal churches can be traced to these differences in ecclesiology, that is, their theological understanding of church and church governance. For some, "episcopal churches" are churches that use a hierarchy of bishops that regard themselves as being in an unbroken, personal apostolic succession.
"Episcopal" is also commonly used to distinguish between the various organizational structures of denominations. For instance, "Presbyterian" (Greek: 'πρεσβύτης, presbítes) is used to describe a church governed by a hierarchy of assemblies of elected elders, referred to as Presbyterian polity. Similarly, "episcopal" is used to describe a church governed by bishops. Self-governed local congregations, governed neither by elders nor bishops, are usually described as "congregational".
More specifically, the capitalized appellation "Episcopal" is applied to several churches historically based within Anglicanism ("Episcopalianism"), including those still in communion with the Church of England.
Using these definitions, examples of specific episcopal churches include:
The Roman Catholic Church
The Eastern Orthodox Church
The Oriental Orthodox churches
The Assyrian Church of the East
The Churches of the Anglican Communion
The Old Catholic churches
Numerous smaller Catholic churches
Certain national churches of the Lutheran confession
The African Methodist Episcopal Church
The United Methodist Church
Some Lutheran churches practice congregational polity or a form of presbyterian polity.[1] Others, including the Church of Sweden, practice episcopal polity; the Church of Sweden also counts its bishops among the historic episcopate as do some American Lutheran churches like the Anglo-Lutheran Catholic Church, Lutheran Orthodox Church, Lutheran Church - International, and the Lutheran Episcopal Communion.
Many Methodist churches (see The United Methodist Church, among others) retain the form and function of episcopal polity, although in a modified form, called connexionalism. Since all trace their ordinations to an Anglican priest, John Wesley, it is generally considered that their bishops do not share in apostolic succession, though United Methodists still affirm that their bishops share in the historic episcopate.
Before the Great Schism[edit]
Part of a series on the
Catholic Church
St. Peter's Basilica, Vatican City
Overview
Pope: Francis
Hierarchy
History (Timeline)
Theology
Liturgy
Sacraments
Mary
Background[show]
Jesus
Crucifixion
Resurrection
Ascension
Early Christianity
History of the Catholic Church
History of the papacy
Ecumenical Councils
Four Marks of the Church
One true church
Apostolic succession
Organisation[show]
Holy See
College of Cardinals
Ecumenical Councils
Episcopal polity
Latin Church
Eastern Churches
Canon law
Theology[show]
Trinity
Father
Son
Holy Spirit
Ten Commandments
Three States of the Church
Purgatory
Paschal Mystery
Passion
Crucifixion
Harrowing of Hell
Resurrection
Ascension
Mary
Mariology
Veneration
Immaculate Conception
Theotokos
Perpetual virginity
Assumption
Titles
Morality
Body
Lectures
Sexuality
Apologetics
Divine grace
Salvation
Original sin
Saints
Dogma
Catechism
Philosophy[show]
Natural law
Catholic ethics
Personalism
Social teaching
Philosophers
Worship[show]
Liturgy
Mass
Divine Office
Liturgical year
Sacraments
Baptism
Penance
Eucharist
Confirmation
Anointing of the Sick
Matrimony
Holy Orders
Prayer
Devotions
Bible
Biblical canon
Rites[show]
Latin
Roman
Ordinary form
Tridentine
Anglican Use
Zaire Use
Gallican
Ambrosian
Braga
Mozarabic
Eastern
Antiochian
Maronite
West Syrian
Syro-Malankara
Chaldean
East Syrian
Syro-Malabar
Byzantine
Armenian
Alexandrian
Ethiopic
Controversies[show]
Antipopes
Anti-Catholicism
Criticism
Homosexuality
Sex and gender roles
Sexual abuse cases
Other topics[show]
Art
Ecumenism
Evolution
Health care
Monasticism
Music
Science
Role in civilization
Links and resources[show]
Index
Outline
Glossary
Category
Media
Templates
WikiProject
Book
Pope portal
Vatican City portal
Catholicism portal
v
t
e
Main article: Bishop § History
All orthodox Christians were in churches with an episcopal government, that is, one Church under local bishops and regional Patriarchs. Writing between ca. 85 and 110, St. Ignatius of Antioch, Patriarch of Antioch, was the earliest of the Church fathers to define the importance of episcopal government. Assuming Ignatius' view was the Apostolic teaching and practice, the line of succession was unbroken and passed through the four ancient Patriarchal sees (those local churches known to be founded by apostles), Rome, Jerusalem, Antioch and Alexandria. Rome was the leading Patriarchate of the ancient four by virtue of its founding by Saints Peter and Paul and their martyrdom there, not to mention being the political center of the Roman empire at the time. Some organizations (e.g. the Assyrian Church of the East), though aloof from the political wranglings of imperial Christianity, nevertheless also practiced episcopal polity.
Shortly after the Roman Emperor Constantine I legalized Christianity in 321, he also constructed an elaborate second capital of the Roman Empire located at Byzantium and renamed it Constantinople, in 324. The single Roman Empire was divided between these two autonomous administrative centers, Roman and Constantinopolitan, West and East, Latin speaking and Greek speaking. This remained the status quo through the fourth century. A deep chasm developed between the East and West, becoming critical around 350, known as the Arian, or Nicene controversy. The Eastern Christian Churches were thought by Constantine to believe against the Trinity; that Christ was lesser than God. Hilary, Bishop of Poitiers, France, believed that the Eastern Church should be given the opportunity to, at least, be educated on the subject. Constantine, in his wisdom, and upset by disagreement, banished Hilary to the East. Hilary perfected his Greek language skills while in exile, and determined the great divide between Rome and the East was actually not a disagreement at all, and was merely a linguistic ignorance on the part of his Latin speaking contemporaries. This truth became known in the West, though some differences lingered. Hilary of Poitiers later became St. Hilary, Doctor of the Church, for exposing the true Christian beliefs of the Eastern Church. Many of Hilary's writings were lost to time.
In the fifth century, Pope Dioscorus, the Patriarch of Alexandria, rejected certain Christological dogmas promulgated by the Council of Chalcedon, and as a result, the Oriental Orthodox churches split from the rest; however they continued the episcopal tradition, and today in fact there is dialog between the various orthodox churches over whether the schism was due to real differences or simply translation failures.
Also during the fifth century, the Western Roman Empire declined and was overrun by German and Frankish peoples. Although the city of Rome was in ruins, distant from the seat of secular power, and constantly harassed by invaders, the Roman Patriarchate remained the center of the Western or Latin Church. Claiming the ancient primacy of Peter and the title of "Apostolic See", it remained the last court of episcopal appeal in serious matters for the whole Church, East and West. However, the center of the civilized Roman world had shifted definitively to Constantinople, or New Rome, the capital of the Greek speaking Empire. Along with this shift, the effective administration of the Church in the Eastern Roman Empire also shifted. This practical eminence of Constantinople in the East is evident, first at the First Council of Constantinople 381, and then ecumenically at the Council of Chalcedon in 451.
Beginning with John the Faster (John IV, 582-595), the Bishop of Constantinople adopted as a formal title for himself the by then customary honorific Ecumenical Patriarch ("pre-eminent father for the civilized world") over the strong objections of Rome, a title based on the political prestige of Constantinople and its economic and cultural centrality in the Empire. In the following years, Rome's appeals to the East were based on the unique authority of the Apostolic See and the primacy of Peter, over the powers of councils as defended by the East (councils, for example, had endorsed that lofty title which Rome contested).
The sometimes subtle differences between Eastern and Western conceptions of authority and its exercise produced a gradually widening rift between the Churches which continued with some occasional relief throughout the following centuries until the final rupture of the Great Schism (marked by two dates: 16 July 1054 and the Council of Florence in 1439).
Pope Pius IX convened the First Vatican Council that approved the dogma of Pope as the visible head of the church, prime bishop over a hierarchy of clergy and believers[2]
Roman Catholic Church[edit]
Main article: Bishop (Roman Catholic Church)
The Roman Catholic Church has an episcopate, with the Pope, who is the Bishop of Rome, at the top. The Roman Catholic Church considers that juridical oversight over the Church is not a power that derives from human beings, but strictly from the authority of Christ, which was given to his twelve apostles. The See of Rome, as the unbroken line of apostolic authority descending from St. Peter (the "prince and head of the apostles"), is a visible sign and instrument of communion among the college of bishops and therefore also of the local churches around the world. In communion with the worldwide college of bishops, the Pope has all legitimate juridical and teaching authority over the whole Church. This authority given by Christ to St. Peter and the apostles is transmitted from one generation to the next by the power of the Holy Spirit, through the laying on of hands from the Apostles to the bishops, in unbroken succession.
Eastern Orthodox Church[edit]
The conciliar idea of episcopal government continues in the Orthodox Church. In Eastern Orthodoxy, all autocephalous primates are seen as collectively gathering around Christ, with other archbishops and bishops gathering around them, and so forth, in a model called "conciliar hierarchy". This is based in part on the vision in the book of Revelation of the 24 elders gathered around the throne of Christ, who are believed to represent the 12 patriarchs of Israel and the 12 apostles of Jesus Christ. There is no single Patriarch with exclusive authority comparable to the Pope in Rome. However, the Patriarch of Constantinople (now Istanbul) is seen as the primus inter pares, the "first among equals" of the autocephalous churches of Eastern Orthodoxy.
Oriental Orthodox churches[edit]
The Oriental Orthodox Churches affirm the ideas of apostolic succession and episcopal government. Within each national Church, the bishops form a holy synod to which even the Patriarch is subject. The Syriac Orthodox Church traces its apostolic succession to St. Peter and recognises Antioch as the original See of St. Peter. The Armenian Apostolic Church traces its lineage to the Apostle Bartholomew. The Indian Orthodox Church traces its lineage to the Apostle Thomas. The Ethiopian Orthodox Church received its lines of succession through the Coptic Orthodox Church in the fifth century.
Both the Greek and Coptic Orthodox Churches each recognise their own Pope of Alexandria (Pope and Patriarch of Alexandria and All Africa, and Pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria respectively), both of whom trace their apostolic succession back to the Mark the Evangelist.[3] There are official ongoing efforts in recent times to heal this ancient breach. Already, the two recognize each other's baptisms, chrismations, and marriages, making intermarriage much easier.
Church of the East[edit]
Historically, the Church of the East has traced its episcopal succession to St. Thomas the Apostle. Currently the bishops of the Assyrian Church of the East continue to maintain its apostolic succession.
Anglican Communion[edit]
Part of a series on
Anglicanism
Theology[show]
Christian theology
Anglican doctrine
Thirty-nine Articles
Books of Homilies
Caroline Divines
Lambeth Quadrilateral
Episcopal polity
Sacraments
Mary
Ministry and worship[show]
Ministry
Music
Eucharist
King James Version (Book of Common Prayer)
Liturgical year
Churchmanship (High, Low, Central, Broad)
Monasticism
Saints
Christianity[show]
Jesus Christ
Paul
Christian Church
First seven Ecumenical Councils
Background and history[show]
Celtic Christianity
Augustine of Canterbury
Bede
Medieval cathedral architecture
Henry VIII
English Reformation
Thomas Cranmer
Dissolution of Monasteries
Church of England
Edward VI
Elizabeth I
Parker
Hooker
James I
Charles I
Laud
Nonjuring schism
Anglo-Catholicism
Oxford Movement
Anglican Communion[show]
Anglican Communion history
Archbishop of Canterbury
Anglican Communion Primates' Meetings
Lambeth Conference
Bishops
Anglican Consultative Council
Ecumenism
Ordination of women
Windsor Report
Continuing Anglicanism[show]
Anglican realignment
Bartonville Agreement
Congress of St. Louis
North American Anglican Conference
Anglicanism portal
Anglicanism is the most prominent of the Reformation traditions to lay claim to the historic episcopate through apostolic succession in terms comparable to the various Roman Catholic and Orthodox Communions. Anglicans assert unbroken episcopal succession in and through the Church of England back to St. Augustine of Canterbury and to the first century Roman province of Britannia. While some Celtic Christian practices were changed at the Synod of Whitby, the church in the British Isles was under papal authority from earliest times.[4]
The legislation of Henry VIII effectively establishing the independence from Rome of the Church of England, did not alter its constitutional or pastoral structures. Royal supremacy was exercised through the extant legal structures of the church, whose leaders were bishops. Episcopacy was thus seen as a given of the Reformed Ecclesia Anglicana, and a foundation in the institution's appeal to ancient and apostolic legitimacy. What did change was that bishops were now seen to be ministers of the Crown for the spiritual government of its subjects. The influence of Richard Hooker was crucial to an evolution in this understanding in which bishops came to be seen in their more traditional role as ones who delegate to the presbyterate inherited powers, act as pastors to presbyters, and holding a particular teaching office with respect to the wider church.
Paul Kwong, Anglican Archbishop and Primate of Hong Kong
Anglican opinion has differed as to the way in which episcopal government is de jure divino (by the Divine Right of Kings). On the one hand, the seventeenth century divine, John Cosin, held that episcopal authority is jure divino, but that it stemmed from "apostolic practice and the customs of the Church...[not] absolute precept that either Christ or His Apostles gave about it" (a view maintained also by Hooker).[5] In contrast, Lancelot Andrewes and others held that episcopal government is derived from Christ via the apostles. Regardless, both parties viewed the episcopacy as bearing the apostolic function of oversight, which both includes, and derives from the power of ordination, and is normative for the governance of the church. The practice of apostolic succession both ensures the legitimacy of the church's mission and establishes the unity, communion, and continuity of the local church with the universal church. This formulation, in turn, laid the groundwork for an independent view of the church as a "sacred society" distinct from civil society, which was so crucial for the development of local churches as non-established entities outside England, and gave direct rise to the Catholic Revival and disestablishmentarianism within England.
Functionally, Anglican episcopal authority is expressed synodically, although individual provinces may accord their primate with more or less authority to act independently. Called variously "synods," "councils," or "conventions," they meet under episcopal chairmanship. In many jurisdictions, conciliar resolutions that have been passed require episcopal assent or consent to take force. Seen in this way, Anglicans often speak of "the bishop-in-synod" as the force and authority of episcopal governance. Such conciliar authority extends to the standard areas of doctrine, discipline, and worship, but in these regards is limited by Anglicanism's tradition of the limits of authority. Those limits are expressed in Article XXI of the Thirty-Nine Articles of Religion, ratified in 1571 (significantly, just as the Council of Trent was drawing to a close), which held that "General Councils...may err, and sometimes have erred...wherefore things ordained by them as necessary to salvation have neither strength nor authority, unless it may be declared that they be taken out of holy Scripture." Hence, Anglican jurisdictions have traditionally been conservative in their approach to either innovative doctrinal development or in encompassing actions of the church as doctrinal (see lex orandi, lex credendi).
Anglican synodical government, though varied in expression, is characteristically representative. Provinces of the Anglican Communion, their ecclesiastical provinces and dioceses are governed by councils consisting not only of bishops, but also representatives of the presbyterate and laity. The spread of increasingly democratic forms of representative governance has its origin in the formation of the first General Conventions of the American Episcopal Church in the 1780s, which established a "House of Bishops" and a "House of Deputies". In many jurisdictions, there is also a third, clerical House. Resolutions may be voted on jointly or by each House, in the latter case requiring passage in all Houses to be adopted by the particular council.
There is no international juridical authority in Anglicanism, although the tradition's common experience of episcopacy, symbolised by the historical link with the See of Canterbury, along with a common and complex liturgical tradition, has provided a measure of unity. This has been reinforced by the Lambeth Conferences of Anglican Communion bishops, which first met in 1867. These conferences, though they propose and pass resolutions, are strictly consultative, and the intent of the resolutions are to provide guideposts for Anglican jurisdictions—not direction. The Conferences also express the function of the episcopate to demonstrate the ecumenical and Catholic nature of the church.
The Scottish Episcopal Church traces its history back to the origins of Christianity in Scotland, and during the 16th century Scottish Reformation became a distinct church from the presbyterian Church of Scotland which rejected episcopal government. The Scottish Episcopal Church was formally incorporated in 1712, and it more recently became part of the Anglican Communion.
Churches that are members of the Anglican Communion are episcopal churches in polity, and some are named "Episcopal". However, some churches that self-identify as Anglican do not belong to the Anglican Communion, and not all episcopally-governed churches are Anglican. The Roman Catholic Church, the Old Catholic Churches (in full communion with, but not members of, the Anglican Communion), and the Eastern Orthodox churches are recognized, and also their bishops, by Anglicans.
American Methodist churches[edit]
Further information: Connexionalism
As an offshoot of Anglicanism, Methodist churches often use episcopal polity for historical as well as practical reasons, albeit to limited use. Methodists often use the term connexionalism or connexional polity in addition to "episcopal". Nevertheless, the powers of the Methodist episcopacy can be relatively strong and wide-reaching compared to traditional conceptions of episcopal polity. For example, in the United Methodist Church, bishops are elected for life, can serve up to two terms in a specific conference (three if special permission is given), are responsible for ordaining and appointing clergy to pastor churches, perform many administrative duties, preside at the annual sessions of the regional Conferences and at the quadrennial meeting of the worldwide General Conference, have authority for teaching and leading the church on matters of social and doctrinal import, and serve to represent the denomination in ecumenical gatherings. United Methodist bishops in the United States serve in their appointed conferences, being moved to a new "Episcopal Area" after 8 (or 12) years, until their mandated retirement at the end of the quadrenium following their sixty-sixth birthday.[6] British Methodism holds that all ordained ministers are equal in terms of spirituality. However, for practical management lines are drawn into President of Conference, Chair of District, Superintendent Minister, Minister. However, all are ministers.
Episcopal government in other denominations[edit]
The Reformed Church of Hungary, and the Lutheran churches in continental Europe may sometimes be called "episcopal". In these latter cases, the form of government is not radically different from the presbyterian form, except that their councils of bishops have hierarchical jurisdiction over the local ruling bodies to a greater extent than in most Presbyterian and other Reformed churches. As mentioned, the Lutheran Church in Sweden and Finland are exceptions, claiming apostolic succession in a pattern somewhat like the Anglican churches. Otherwise, forms of polity are not mandated in the Lutheran churches, as it is not regarded as having doctrinal significance. Old World Lutheranism, for historical reasons, has tended to adopt Erastian theories of episcopal authority (by which church authority is to a limited extent sanctioned by secular government). In the United States, the Lutheran churches tend to adopt a form of government more comparable to congregationalism. A small minority of Episcopal Baptists exists.
Most Anabaptist churches of the plain dress tradition follow an episcopal system, at least in name. Congregational governance is strongly emphasized, and each congregation elects its pastor. Bishops enforce inter-congregational unity and may discipline pastors for breaking from traditional norms.
Although it never uses the term, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) is episcopal, rather than presbyterian or congregational, in the sense that it has a strict hierarchy of leadership from the local bishop/branch president up to a single prophet/president, believed to be personally authorized and guided by Jesus Christ. Local congregations (branches, wards, and stakes) have de jure boundaries by which members are allocated, and membership records are centralized. This system developed gradually from a more presbyterian polity (Joseph Smith's original title in 1830 was "First Elder") for pragmatic and doctrinal reasons, reaching a full episcopacy during the Nauvoo period (1839–1846).
See also[edit]
Christianity portal
Canon law
Collegiality (Catholic Church)
Conciliarism
Conciliarity
Magisterium
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Encyclopedia of Religion and Society, William H. Swatos, Jr. Editor Lutheranism Hartford Institute for Religion Research, Hartford Seminary. Retrieved on September 4, 2006.
Jump up ^ Vatican I, Session 4, 1870. Decrees of the First Vatican Council, SESSION 4 : 18 July 1870 - First Dogmatic Constitution on the Church of Christ. Daily Catholic Online edition retrieved on September 1, 2006.
Jump up ^ Eusebius of Caesarea, the author of an Ecclesiastical History in the 4th century, states that St. Mark came to Egypt in the first or third year of the reign of Emperor Claudius, i.e. 41 or 43 AD. "Two Thousand Years of Coptic Christianity", Otto F.A. Meinardus, p. 28.
Jump up ^ Marcus Holden and Andrew Pinsent, The Catholic Gift to Civilisation (London: CTS), p.13ff
Jump up ^ Cosin, Works, Vol. IV (Oxford, 1855), p. 402
Jump up ^ Still in Production. UMC.org. Retrieved on 2013-07-23.
Further reading[edit]
Fairweather, E. R., and R. F. Hettlinger. Episcopacy and Reunion. First English ed. London: A.R. Mowbray & Co., 1953, cop. 1952. ix, 118 p. N.B.: First published in 1952 by the General Board of Religious Education of the Church of England in Canada, Toronto, Ont.
Swete, H. B., ed. Essays on the Early History of the Church and the Ministry, by Various Authors. London: Macmillan and Co., 1918.
External links[edit]
Look up ἐπίσκοπος in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Vatican: The Holy See Official Website of the Papacy
Catholic Encyclopedia: Bishop
The Website of the Archbishop of Canterbury Official Website of the Church of England
Episcopacy
United Methodist Council of Bishops Official Website of the United Methodist Church
Methodist Episcopacy: In Search of Holy Orders By Gregory S. Neal
An Agreed Statement on Conciliarity and Primacy in the Church by the Orthodox/Roman Catholic Consultation in the United States of America, 1989.
[hide]
v
t
e
Christianity
Jesus
Christ
Jesus in Christianity
Virgin birth
Crucifixion
Resurrection
Son of God
Foundations
Church
Creed
Gospel
New Covenant
Bible
Books
Canon
Old Testament
New Testament
Theology
God
Trinity
Father
Son
Holy Spirit
Apologetics
Baptism
Christology
Ecclesiology
History of theology
Mission
Salvation
History and
tradition
Mary
Apostles
Peter
Paul
Fathers
Early
Constantine
Ecumenical councils
Augustine
East–West Schism
Crusades
Aquinas
Reformation
Luther
Denomi-
nations
and
traditions
(list)
Western
Adventist
Anabaptist
Anglican
Baptist
Calvinist
Catholic
Charismatic
Evangelical
Holiness
Lutheran
Methodist
Pentecostal
Protestant
Eastern
Eastern Orthodox
Oriental Orthodox (Miaphysite)
Assyrian Church of the East ("Nestorian")
Eastern Catholic Churches
Nontrinitarian
Jehovah's Witnesses
Latter Day Saint movement
Oneness Pentecostalism
Related topics
Art
Criticism
Culture
Ecumenism
Liturgy
Music
Other religions
Prayer
Sermon
Symbolism
Category
Christianity portal
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Episcopal_polity&oldid=837004399"
Categories:
Episcopacy
Episcopacy in Anglicanism
Types of Roman Catholic organization
Types of Eastern Orthodox organisation
Episcopacy in Roman Catholicism
Episcopacy in Eastern Orthodoxy
Episcopacy in Oriental Orthodoxy
Christian terminology
Religious leadership roles
Assyrian Church of the East
Hidden categories:
Articles needing additional references from August 2015
All articles needing additional references
Articles containing Ancient Greek-language text
Articles containing Greek-language text
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Deutsch
فارسی
Français
Bahasa Indonesia
Italiano
Magyar
മലയാളം
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk
Português
Русский
Suomi
Svenska
ไทย
Türkçe
Українська
اردو
9 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 18 April 2018, at 04:23.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

value: mw-page-base noprint

value: mw-head-base noprint

value: firstHeading firstHeading en

value: siteSub noprint

value: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attr: role class

value:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

attr: href class

tag: b

attr: class href

value: Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1

tag: span

tag: i

tag: small

value: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove

value: Template talk:Ecclesiastical polity (page does not exist)

value: float:right;clear:right;width:22.0em;margin:0 0 1.0em 1.0em;background:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;width:15em;

value:
/wiki/Supreme_Pontiff
mw-redirect
Supreme Pontiff

value:
/wiki/Basilica_of_St._John_Lateran
mw-redirect
Basilica of St. John Lateran

value:
/wiki/Roman_Catholic
mw-redirect
Roman Catholic

value:
/wiki/Episcopal_Conference
mw-redirect
Episcopal Conference

value:
/wiki/Twelve_Apostles
mw-redirect
Twelve Apostles

value:
nofollow
external text
http://www.usccb.org/bible/1timothy/3

value:
nofollow
external text
http://www.usccb.org/bible/2timothy/1

value:
/wiki/Protestant_Reformation
mw-redirect
Protestant Reformation

value:
/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church
mw-redirect
Roman Catholic Church

value:
/wiki/The_Ninety-Five_Theses
mw-redirect
The Ninety-Five Theses

value: Edit section: Overview of episcopal churches

value:
/wiki/Elder_(religious)
mw-redirect
Elder (religious)

value:
/wiki/Congregational_polity
mw-redirect
Congregational polity

value:
/wiki/Oriental_Orthodox
mw-redirect
Oriental Orthodox

value:
/wiki/Old_Catholic
mw-redirect
Old Catholic

value:
/wiki/Catholic_Church_(disambiguation)
mw-disambig
Catholic Church (disambiguation)

value:
/wiki/Anglo-Lutheran_Catholic_Church
mw-redirect
Anglo-Lutheran Catholic Church

value: Lutheran Orthodox Church (page does not exist)

value: Lutheran Episcopal Communion (page does not exist)

value:
/wiki/Outline_of_Catholicism
mw-redirect
Outline of Catholicism

value:
/wiki/Ecumenical_Councils
mw-redirect
Ecumenical Councils

value: font-size: 105%; padding: 0.2em 0px 0.4em; text-align: center; display: none;

value:
/wiki/Catholic_Ecumenical_Councils
mw-redirect
Catholic Ecumenical Councils

value:
/wiki/Canon_law_(Catholic_Church)
mw-redirect
Canon law (Catholic Church)

value:
/wiki/Holy_Spirit_(Christianity)
mw-redirect
Holy Spirit (Christianity)

value: Churches Militant, Penitent, and Triumphant

value:
/wiki/Paschal_Mystery
mw-redirect
Paschal Mystery

value:
/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology
mw-redirect
Roman Catholic Mariology

value:
/wiki/Salvation_(Christianity)
mw-redirect
Salvation (Christianity)

value:
/wiki/Catholic_ethics
mw-redirect
Catholic ethics

value: List of Catholic philosophers and theologians

value:
/wiki/Mass_(Catholic_Church)
mw-redirect
Mass (Catholic Church)

value:
/wiki/Eucharist_(Catholic_Church)
mw-redirect
Eucharist (Catholic Church)

value:
/wiki/Confirmation_(Catholic_Church)
mw-redirect
Confirmation (Catholic Church)

value:
/wiki/Holy_Orders_(Catholic_Church)
mw-redirect
Holy Orders (Catholic Church)

value:
/wiki/Roman_Catholic_prayer
mw-redirect
Roman Catholic prayer

value:
/wiki/Roman_Catholic_devotions
mw-redirect
Roman Catholic devotions

value:
/wiki/Catholic_liturgical_rites
mw-redirect
Catholic liturgical rites

value:
/wiki/Antiochian_Rite
mw-redirect
Antiochian Rite

value:
/wiki/Maronite_Rite
mw-redirect
Maronite Rite

value:
/wiki/Syro-Malankara_Rite
mw-redirect
Syro-Malankara Rite

value:
/wiki/Ethiopic_Rite
mw-redirect
Ethiopic Rite

value: Sex and gender roles in the Catholic Church

value:
/wiki/Roman_Catholic_art
mw-redirect
Roman Catholic art

value:
/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_evolution
mw-redirect
Catholic Church and evolution

value:
/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_science
mw-redirect
Catholic Church and science

value: Role of the Christian Church in civilization

attr: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

value: padding:0.3em 0.4em 0.3em;font-weight:bold;border-top: 1px solid #aaa; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;

value:
/wiki/Constantine_I
mw-redirect
Constantine I

value:
/wiki/Apostolic_See
mw-redirect
Apostolic See

value:
/wiki/John_the_Faster
mw-redirect
John the Faster

value:
/wiki/Ecumenical_patriarch
mw-redirect
Ecumenical patriarch

value:
/wiki/Bishop_(Roman_Catholic_Church)
mw-redirect
Bishop (Roman Catholic Church)

value:
/wiki/See_of_Rome
mw-redirect
See of Rome

value:
/wiki/College_of_bishops
mw-redirect
College of bishops

value: Edit section: Oriental Orthodox churches

value:
/wiki/See_of_St._Peter
mw-redirect
See of St. Peter

value:
/wiki/Indian_Orthodox_Church
mw-redirect
Indian Orthodox Church

value:
/wiki/Ethiopian_Orthodox_Church
mw-redirect
Ethiopian Orthodox Church

value:
/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church
mw-redirect
Coptic Orthodox Church

value: Pope and Patriarch of Alexandria and All Africa

value: Pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria

value: Canterbury Cathedral - Portal Nave Cross-spire.jpeg

value: font-size: 105%; padding: 0.2em 0.2em 0.4em; text-align: center; display: none;

value:
/wiki/First_seven_Ecumenical_Councils
mw-redirect
First seven Ecumenical Councils

value: Architecture of the medieval cathedrals of England

value: Ordination of women in the Anglican Communion

value: float:right;clear:right;width:22.0em;margin:0 0 1.0em 1.0em;background:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;

value:
/wiki/Roman_province_of_Britannia
mw-redirect
Roman province of Britannia

value:
/wiki/Royal_supremacy
mw-redirect
Royal supremacy

value:
/wiki/Richard_Hooker_(theologian)
mw-redirect
Richard Hooker (theologian)

value:
/wiki/Divine_Right_of_Kings
mw-redirect
Divine Right of Kings

value:
/wiki/Catholic_Revival
mw-redirect
Catholic Revival

value:
/wiki/Thirty-Nine_Articles
mw-redirect
Thirty-Nine Articles

value: Episcopal Church in the United States of America

value: History of the Scottish Episcopal Church

value:
/wiki/Eastern_Orthodoxy
mw-redirect
Eastern Orthodoxy

value: Edit section: American Methodist churches

value: Edit section: Episcopal government in other denominations

value:
/wiki/Reformed_Church_of_Hungary
mw-redirect
Reformed Church of Hungary

value:
/wiki/Lutheran_church
mw-redirect
Lutheran church

value:
/wiki/Reformed_churches
mw-redirect
Reformed churches

value: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

value: display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle

value: margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px

value:
/wiki/Collegiality_(Catholic_Church)
mw-redirect
Collegiality (Catholic Church)

value:
/wiki/Eusebius_of_Caesarea
mw-redirect
Eusebius of Caesarea

value: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

value:
nofollow
http://www.archbishopofcanterbury.org/
external text

value:
nofollow
external text
http://www.usccb.org/seia/conprim.shtml

value:
/wiki/File:Christian_cross.svg
image
Principal symbol of Christianity

value:
navbox-image
7
width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px

value: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

value: navigation navbox Christianity padding:3px

value: Category:Types of Roman Catholic organization

value: Category:Types of Eastern Orthodox organisation

value: Category:Episcopacy in Roman Catholicism

value: Category:Episcopacy in Eastern Orthodoxy

value: Category:Episcopacy in Oriental Orthodoxy

value: Category:Articles needing additional references from August 2015

value: Category:All articles needing additional references

value: Category:Articles containing Ancient Greek-language text

value: Category:Articles containing Greek-language text

value: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

value: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

value: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

value: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

value:
/wiki/Episcopal_polity
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

value: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

value: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

value:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

value: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

value: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

value:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

value:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

value:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

value: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

value: Find background information on current events

value:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

value: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

value: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

value: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

value: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

value: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

value: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

value: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

value:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

value: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

value: Permanent link to this revision of the page

value: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

value: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

value: اپیسکوپلین – Persian

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fa
display: none;

value:
https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Episkopal
Episkopal – Indonesian
id
id
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hu
display: none;

value: എപ്പിസ്കോപ്പൽ സഭകൾ – Malayalam

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ml
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

value:
https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Episkopal
Episkopal – Norwegian
no
no
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-no
display: none;

value: Епископальная система церковного управления – Russian

value: การจัดระเบียบองค์การแบบอิปิสโคปัล – Thai

value: Єпископальна система церковного управління – Ukrainian

value: اسقف شاہی – Urdu

value: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

value: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

value: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Episcopal_polity rootpage-Episcopal_polity skin-vector action-view


text:
Margaery Tyrell
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Margaery Tyrell
A Song of Ice and Fire character
Game of Thrones character
Natalie Dormer as Margaery Tyrell
First appearance
Novel:
A Clash of Kings (1998)
Television:
"What Is Dead May Never Die" (2012)
Video game:
"Iron From Ice" (2014)
Last appearance
Television:
"The Winds of Winter" (2016)
Created by
George R. R. Martin
Portrayed by
Natalie Dormer
(Game of Thrones)
Voiced by
Natalie Dormer (video game)
Information
Aliases
The Little Queen
The Little Rose
Maid Margaery
Gender
Female
Title
Queen of the Seven Kingdoms
Family
House Tyrell
House Baratheon
House Lannister
Spouse(s)
Renly Baratheon (unconsummated)
Joffrey Baratheon (unconsummated)
Tommen Baratheon
Relatives
Mace Tyrell (father)
Alerie Hightower (mother)
Willas Tyrell (brother)
Garlan Tyrell (brother)
Loras Tyrell (brother)
Luthor Tyrell (grandfather)
Olenna Redwyne (grandmother)
Leyton Hightower (grandfather)
Kingdom
The Reach
The Crownlands
Margaery Tyrell is a fictional character in the A Song of Ice and Fire series of high fantasy novels by American author George R. R. Martin, and its television adaptation Game of Thrones. Though a supporting character in the books, she played a more prominent role in the HBO series, and rose to become a main character eventually, where she is portrayed by Natalie Dormer. Margaery is first mentioned in A Game of Thrones (1996) and first appears in A Clash of Kings (1998).
Contents
[hide]
1 Character profile
2 Storylines
2.1 Novels
2.2 Television series
2.2.1 Season 2
2.2.2 Season 3
2.2.3 Season 4
2.2.4 Season 5
2.2.5 Season 6
3 Reception
3.1 A Song of Ice and Fire
3.2 Game of Thrones
4 Family tree of House Tyrell
5 References
Character profile[edit]
Margaery is the only daughter of Alerie Hightower and Mace Tyrell, the Lord of Highgarden in the Reach. Her older brothers are the heir Willas, Garlan and Loras the Knight of Flowers, who is a member of the Kingsguard. One of the wealthiest and most powerful families in Westeros, House Tyrell is actually guided by the willful Lady Olenna, Mace's mother, who has arranged Margaery's marriages and mentors her in politics and court intrigue.
Storylines[edit]
Coat of arms of House Tyrell
Novels[edit]
Margaery appears in A Clash of Kings (1998), having married Renly Baratheon and supporting his claim to the Iron Throne. After Renly's assassination, the Tyrells switch allegiance and Margaery is instead offered to wed King Joffrey Baratheon. In A Storm of Swords (2000), she becomes popular among the citizens of King's Landing through her various charitable activities. Margaery forms an amiable relationship with the King's ex-fiancee Sansa Stark[1] and through Sansa she learns much about Joffrey's true nature. Margaery weds Joffrey, but he is poisoned at their wedding feast. In A Feast for Crows (2005) Margaery marries Joffrey's younger brother, Tommen, and encourages him to assert himself as king. Margaery's growing influence over Tommen puts her in a bitter power struggle with his mother Cersei Lannister, which eventually culminates in Cersei framing Margaery for adultery. In A Dance with Dragons (2011), Margaery is released from prison and placed under house arrest, where she awaits trial.
Television series[edit]
Natalie Dormer plays the role of Margaery Tyrell in the television series.
In HBO's Game of Thrones, Margaery's backstory and plotline in the early seasons remain largely unchanged from the novels, though the character is more prominent in the series and this version of Margaery is an adult as opposed to a teenager. Margaery first appears in the second season, following her marriage to Renly; she is well aware that her marriage is a political one, and displays pragmatism regarding Renly's homosexuality and his relationship with her brother Loras.
Season 2[edit]
Margaery, freshly married to Renly, reveals that she is aware of his relationship with her brother and is willing to work around his desires to secure their alliance and her position. Following Renly's assassination, Margaery indicates to Petyr Baelish that she is aware that her brother-in-law, Stannis Baratheon, is more likely to be behind the assassination than Brienne of Tarth, the official suspect. She also makes it clear that her ambition is to be the Queen of Westeros, and that she will not settle for anything less.
Season 3[edit]
Margaery has relocated to King's Landing and taken up residence in the Red Keep. She swiftly proves that she is one of the few people capable of managing Joffrey, which pleases his grandfather, Tywin Lannister, but makes her an enemy in Cersei. The series also expands on Margaery's friendship with Sansa Stark, though her motives are unclear and Margaery swiftly replaces Sansa as Joffrey's fiance. Through several shrewd PR moves towards the city's poor and orphaned, Margaery becomes extremely popular with the common people as their future Queen.
Season 4[edit]
Margaery Tyrell has been married to Joffrey Baratheon, but she is widowed hours later when he is poisoned at the wedding feast. Olenna reveals herself as the killer soon after, but Margaery, now aware that Tyrion Lannister's trial is a farce, keeps quiet. Arrangements are made to wed Margaery to Joffrey's younger brother Tommen, to whom Margaery swiftly ingratiates herself. Cersei and Margaery continue their bitter rivalry; Cersei resents being displaced as Queen and being forced to marry her very young child to the much older Margaery, while Margaery tries to outmaneuver her.
Season 5[edit]
Margaery and Tommen wed, and she finally becomes the Lady of the Seven Kingdoms. She taunts Cersei over her triumph, and begins to try to convince Tommen to send Cersei away from the capital. Cersei, in a shortsighted attempt to get rid of her rival, consents for the Faith of the Seven to once again bear arms. Cersei intends for the increasingly fervent religious order to seize Loras and charge him for homosexual behavior, and to trick Margaery into perjuring herself by denying, under oath, knowledge of his proclivities. Margaery finds herself arrested and awaiting trial, although Cersei is arrested as well on unrelated charges.
Season 6[edit]
After a period of captivity, Margaery is permitted to visit Loras in his cell. She discovers that he is beginning to break under the Faith's questioning, and that the meeting is a ploy to break her too. Jaime Lannister leads the Tyrell army on the Sept of Baelor to secure Margaery's release, but it is revealed that she has been absolved by convincing Tommen to forge an alliance between the Faith and the Crown. Margaery later convinces Olenna to return to Highgarden, subtly indicating that she is still loyal to House Tyrell.
Margaery persuades the High Sparrow, the leader of the Faith, to release Loras if he surrenders his claim as heir of House Tyrell and joins the Faith. However, when Cersei fails to arrive for her trial Margaery deduces Cersei is plotting something and tries to convince the High Sparrow to evacuate the Sept of Baelor, but the High Sparrow refuses and has the Faith Militant bar the exits. Moments later, wildfire that had been ignited beneath the Sept on Cersei's orders explodes, and Margaery is killed in the explosion, along with all others present. Her death, and those of her brother and father, lead Olenna to accept a proposal by the Sand Snakes (who currently lead the Reach's ancient rival, Dorne) in supporting Daenerys Targaryen's invasion of Westeros.[2]
Reception[edit]
A Song of Ice and Fire[edit]
Adam Whitehead of the wertzone feels Margaery's rivalry with Cersei Lannister is a major driving force in A Feast for Crows.[3] Hahn Nguyen of wickedlocal.com feels that Margaery is a background character whose cunning is only addressed subtly. She states that; "In the books, I felt [Margaery] was just pushed to the background. A pawn," and "Margaery's cunning was hinted at in the books, especially in her lunch with Lady Olenna and Sansa."[4] In a similar vein, Sean T. Collins writing for Rolling Stone feels that author Martin has been vague about Margaery's ambition and political cunning and describes her as a; "mute mystery whose motives and level of involvement in the game of thrones are unknown [by A Clash of Kings]"[5] However other writers feel Margaery's political ambition is more obvious. Madeline of Feministing writes; "Margaery is an ambitious politico as well as being a damn good actress – she plays the part of the tragic, virginal twice-widow so well that almost no one suspects that she is dead set on winning the throne. Despite frequently being used as a bartering chip, Margaery uses her womanhood to her advantage, knowing that producing an heir will shoot her to power."[6] Similarly Danica Liu writing for The Duke Chronicle describes Margaery as "subtle and graceful" and like most of the women in A Song of Ice and Fire, deals in the currencies of power.[7]
Game of Thrones[edit]
David Sims writing for The A.V. Club enjoyed the introduction of Margaery's character in "What Is Dead May Never Die" commenting; "the fun twist to this plot is that Margaery Tyrell is obviously not the blushing maiden she appears to be, but an operator just like everyone else," and "Margaery could just be a cypher, a mostly silent cog in Renly's plans for dominance, but instead she's going to be a lot more." He uses her character to praise the writing of Game of Thrones, stating that it; "rarely traffics in cliched characterization."[8] Jenna Busch of Zap2it calls Margaery a "power player" who will "do anything to stay on the throne."[9] Writer and editor Silvia Moreno Garcia describes Margaery as "a sleeker, more determined player of this game of thrones" when compared to her book characterization and goes on to comment that she is a "shrewd politician," who might give the other good players a run for their money." She also believes she is "older and worldlier than the one in the books."[10][unreliable source?] In "Valar Dohaeris", Diana Huang of UC Riverside's Highlander News appreciated the development of Margaery's character and called her "self aware and quick-witted" and believes she has the power to wreak havoc in King's Landing.[11]
Many commentators notice Margaery's desire and ability to gain the support of the public. Rhiannon of feministfiction writes: "this Margaery is ambitious but kind, clearly sweet and generous, but also a master at working people's emotions in her favor. Graceful, elegant, and aware of how powerful every word can be. She's an expert at the game that Sansa has only just begun, and it is stunning to see her."[12] Tiffany Brown, writing for TV After Dark, states "Margaery has gained the favor and love of the people of King's Landing, and has even garnered the affections of her future king."[13] Natalie Dormer, the actress who plays Margaery, when interviewed by HitFix discussed Margaery's political savviness:
Margaery brings this whole new element to the Game that you haven't seen before, which is basically PR. It's quite a modern ethos on PR and courting public affections, hopefully. We've all seen politicians kiss babies. It doesn't mean that she's insincere in her genuine hope to do charitable work and it's just an interesting new comment on how you handle the masses and how you win power that maybe we haven't seen in Westeros before.
She also noted that Margaery comes from a matriarchal family and "that she's more cut from the cloth as a protegee of her grandmother, so she knows what it's like for a woman to be in charge."[14]
For her performance in the show, Natalie Dormer received widely positive critical reviews, making Margaery one of the most popular supporting characters in the series.[citation needed] Dormer, along with the rest of the ensemble cast, was nominated for four Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series in 2012, 2014, 2015, and 2016, respectively, and the cast was awarded the Empire Hero Award in 2015 by the British film magazine Empire. For her performance in the third season of the show, Dormer won the Ewwy Award for Best Supporting Actress - Drama.[15]
Family tree of House Tyrell[edit]
[hide]
v
t
e
Family tree of House Tyrell
Luthor[a] Olenna Redwyne[b] Gormon[b] Garth[b] Moryn[b]
Mace[b] Alerie Hightower[b] Janna[b] Jon Fossoway[b] Mina[b] Paxter Redwyne[b] Garse Flowers[b] Garrett Flowers[b] Luthor[c] Elyn Norridge[c] Leo
"The Lazy"[c]
Willas[b] Garlan[b] Leonette Fossoway[b] Horas
Redwyne[b] Hobber
Redwyne[b] Desmera
Redwyne[b] Theodore[c] Lia Serry[c] Olene[c] Leo Blackbar[c] Medwick[c]
Loras[b] Margaery[b] Renly Baratheon[d] Elinor[b][c] Luthor[c]
Joffrey
Baratheon[b]
Tommen
Baratheon[b]
Notes:
Jump up ^ Martin, George R. R. (2000). "Chapter 6, Sansa I". A Storm of Swords. ISBN 0-553-10663-5.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Martin, George R. R. (2011). "Appendix: House Tyrell". A Dance with Dragons. ISBN 978-0553801477.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Martin, George R. R. (2000). "Appendix". A Storm of Swords. ISBN 0-553-10663-5.
Jump up ^ Martin, George R. R. (1996). "Chapter 69, Tyrion IX". A Game of Thrones. ISBN 0-553-10354-7.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ A Storm of Swords, Sansa LXI.
Jump up ^ Hibberd, James (June 26, 2016). "Game of Thrones star on that shocking finale death". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on August 18, 2016. Retrieved June 28, 2016.
Jump up ^ Whitehead, Adam (February 9, 2010). "A Feast for Crows by George R.R. Martin". the wertzone. Retrieved April 5, 2013.
Jump up ^ Nguyen, Hahn (April 1, 2013). "TV Guide - Game of Thrones By the Book: Tyrion's Nose, Margaery's Hunger and Sliced Nipples". Wickedlocal.com. Retrieved April 5, 2013.
Jump up ^ T Collins, Sean (June 2012). "'Game Changers': The 10 Biggest changes between Game of Thrones and the books". Rolling Stone. Retrieved April 5, 2013.
Jump up ^ Madeline (August 25, 2012). "In the game of feminism you win or you well no you pretty much win". Feministing. Retrieved April 5, 2013.
Jump up ^ Liu, Danica (October 1, 2012). "In the game of feminism you win or you well no you pretty much win". The Chronicle (Duke University). Retrieved April 5, 2013.
Jump up ^ Sims, David (April 15, 2012). "What is Dead May Never Die For Newbies". The A.V. Club. Retrieved April 4, 2013.
Jump up ^ Busch, Jenna (April 9, 2012). "What is Dead May Never Die Preview". Zap2it. Archived from the original on March 7, 2013. Retrieved April 4, 2013.
Jump up ^ Moreno Garcia, Silvia (April 17, 2012). "Review: Game of Thrones 2.03". Innsmouth Free Press. Retrieved April 4, 2013.
Jump up ^ Huang, Diana (April 1, 2013). "Game of Thrones Valar Dohaeris Review". The Highlander. Retrieved April 4, 2013.
Jump up ^ Thomas, Rhiannon (April 4, 2013). "Game of Thrones: Valar Dohaeris". Feminist Fiction. Retrieved April 5, 2013.
Jump up ^ Brown, Tiffany (April 2, 2013). "The Peoples' Princess: Game of Thrones Episode (3×01) "Valar Dohaeris" – MVA Revealed Review". TV After Dark. Archived from the original on June 30, 2013. Retrieved April 4, 2013.
Jump up ^ Feinberg, Daniel (March 31, 2013). "Interview: 'Game of Thrones' co-star Natalie Dormer discusses her Margaery Tyrell". HitFix. Retrieved April 4, 2013.
Jump up ^ "EWwy Awards 2013: Meet Your 10 Winners!". Entertainment Weekly. September 13, 2013. Retrieved September 15, 2016.
[show]
v
t
e
George R. R. Martin's A Song of Ice and Fire
A Game of Thrones (1996)
A Clash of Kings (1998)
A Storm of Swords (2000)
A Feast for Crows (2005)
A Dance with Dragons (2011)
The Winds of Winter (TBA)
Franchise media
Novellas
Tales of Dunk and Egg (1998–2010)
The Princess and the Queen (2013)
The Rogue Prince (2014)
The Sons of the Dragon (2017)
TV series
Episodes
Season 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Awards
Characters
Music
"Game of Thrones Theme"
"The Rains of Castamere"
"The Bear and the Maiden Fair"
"Light of the Seven"
Catch the Throne
Live Concert Experience
Soundtracks
Season 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Title sequence
After the Thrones
Thronecast
Video games
A Game of Thrones: Genesis
Game of Thrones (2012)
Game of Thrones Ascent
Game of Thrones (2014)
Other media
The World of Ice & Fire (2014)
Board game
Card game (Second edition)
Comic book series
Characters
Petyr Baelish
Joffrey Baratheon
Renly Baratheon
Robert Baratheon
Stannis Baratheon
Tommen Baratheon
Ramsay Bolton
Roose Bolton
Bronn
Gregor Clegane
Sandor Clegane
Khal Drogo
Gendry
Tormund Giantsbane
Gilly
Theon Greyjoy
Cersei Lannister
Jaime Lannister
Tyrion Lannister
Tywin Lannister
Oberyn Martell
Melisandre
Missandei
Jorah Mormont
Daario Naharis
Ellaria Sand
Davos Seaworth
Jon Snow
High Sparrow
Arya Stark
Bran Stark
Catelyn Stark
Ned Stark
Rickon Stark
Robb Stark
Sansa Stark
Daenerys Targaryen
Viserys Targaryen
Samwell Tarly
Brienne of Tarth
Margaery Tyrell
Olenna Tyrell
Varys
Ygritte
World
Languages
Dothraki
Valyrian
Themes
Iron Throne
White Walker
Miscellaneous
Fandom
Book
Category
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Margaery_Tyrell&oldid=818861915"
Categories:
A Song of Ice and Fire characters
Female characters in literature
Female characters in television
Fictional characters introduced in 1998
Fictional nobility
Fictional queens
Hidden categories:
All articles lacking reliable references
Articles lacking reliable references from March 2016
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from July 2016
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Català
Español
فارسی
Português
Edit links
This page was last edited on 6 January 2018, at 01:17.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

tag: div

attr: id class

value: mw-page-base noprint

key: html

type: local

value: mw-head-base noprint

tag: a

attr: id class lang

value: firstHeading firstHeading en

value: siteSub noprint

value: jump-to-nav mw-jump

tag: th

attr: colspan style

tag: tr

attr: href title

tag: br

tag: td

tag: img

attr: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

value:
/wiki/Iron_From_Ice
mw-redirect
Iron From Ice

value:
/wiki/House_Tyrell
mw-redirect
House Tyrell

value:
/wiki/House_Baratheon
mw-redirect
House Baratheon

value:
/wiki/House_Lannister
mw-redirect
House Lannister

value:
/wiki/Mace_Tyrell
mw-redirect
Mace Tyrell

value:
/wiki/Loras_Tyrell
mw-redirect
Loras Tyrell

value:
infobox
width:22em;border-spacing: 2px 5px;

value:
/wiki/Fictional_character
mw-redirect
Fictional character

value:
/wiki/Willas_Tyrell
mw-redirect
Willas Tyrell

value:
/wiki/Garlan_Tyrell
mw-redirect
Garlan Tyrell

attr: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

value: A coat of arms showing a golden rose with five petals on a green field

value: The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (March 2016)

value: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2016)

value:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

value: Edit section: Family tree of House Tyrell

value: Template talk:Family tree of House Tyrell

value:
plainlinks hlist navbar mini
float:left; text-align:left

value: border-right:1px solid black;border-bottom:1px solid black;height:1em;width:1em

value: border-right:1px dashed black;border-bottom:1px dashed black;height:1em;width:1em

value: border-spacing: 0px; margin: 0 auto; font: 100% sans-serif;

value: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: lower-alpha;

value:
navbox collapsible expanded
width: 100%; margin: 1em auto;
collapsibleTable0

value:
/wiki/The_Duke_Chronicle
mw-redirect
The Duke Chronicle

value: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

value: List of awards and nominations received by Game of Thrones

value: List of A Song of Ice and Fire video games

value: A Game of Thrones: Second Edition (card game)

value: List of A Song of Ice and Fire characters

value: nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner

value: Category:A Song of Ice and Fire characters

value: Category:Female characters in literature

value: Category:Female characters in television

value: Category:Fictional characters introduced in 1998

value: Category:All articles lacking reliable references

value: Category:Articles lacking reliable references from March 2016

value: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

value: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from July 2016

value: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

value: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

value: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

value: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

value:
/wiki/Margaery_Tyrell
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

value: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

value: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

value:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

value: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

value: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

value:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

value:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

value:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

value: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

value: Find background information on current events

value:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

value: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

value: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

value: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

value: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

value: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

value: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

value: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

value:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

value: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

value:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

value: مارجری تایرل – Persian

value:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

value: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Margaery_Tyrell rootpage-Margaery_Tyrell skin-vector action-view


text:
Adidas Yeezy
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Adidas' Yeezy Boost 350 in the 'Turtle Dove' colorway - the first of the 350 line to commercially release.
Adidas Yeezy Boost is the official collaboration sneaker by Kanye West and Adidas. The Adidas Yeezy 750 Boost "Light Brown" was the first sneaker to release from this collaboration on February 14, 2015.[1] The second shoe to release was the Adidas Yeezy Boost 350 "Turtle Dove".[2] "Yeezy Season 1" was the first and only apparel collection to release from this collaboration.[3] It was officially released on October 29, 2015.[4] The Adidas Yeezy 950 Boost was also part of this collection and it was released in four different colorways.[5]
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Clothing
3 Footwear
3.1 Yeezy Boost 750
3.2 Yeezy Boost 350
3.3 Yeezy 950
3.4 Yeezy 350 Cleat
3.5 Yeezy Boost 350 V2
3.6 Yeezy Powerphase
3.7 Yeezy Boost 700
3.8 Yeezy 500 Desert Rat
4 References
5 External links
History[edit]
Kanye West originally designed a shoe for Adidas in 2006, but it never came out. The first brand to officially collaborate with Kanye West and have a shoe line was Nike. This collaboration lasted for five years and a total of three sneaker styles were released. In 2013, after the release of the "Red Octobers" Kanye West left Nike. Kanye West wanted Nike to grant him royalties, but they denied his request. Kanye West reached out to Adidas and they agreed to give him royalties. A year after the confirmation of the Adidas and Kanye West collaboration, there was still no product. February 2015 was when the collaboration officially debuted. "Yeezy Season 1" had been very anticipated and celebrities such as Rihanna, Diddy, and Kim Kardashian were at the showing.[6]
Clothing[edit]
"Yeezy Season 1" officially released on October 29, 2015.[7] This collection was noted for its stripped down, ready-to-wear style, which drew on military clothing and flesh-toned colors.[8] Prices ranged from $600 sweatpants to $3,000 jackets.[9] Although, the footwear sold out quickly, the apparel collection did not. After the "Yeezy Season 1" show, Adidas announced they would no longer be a part of Yeezy apparel. Instead, they will only be collaborating on footwear.[10]
Footwear[edit]
As of December, 2017, a total of 19 colorways and 6 designs have been released between the Adidas and Yeezy collaboration.[11] Through a combination of factors including popularization by celebrities, Adidas Yeezy sneakers have come to be extremely influential and highly coveted.[12]
Yeezy Boost 750[edit]
On December 3, 2013, Adidas confirmed a new shoe collaboration deal with West.[13] On February 8, 2015, the name and design for the Kanye West and Adidas collaboration shoe was revealed. On February 10 Adidas revealed posters of the Yeezy Boost 750 "Light Brown" all throughout their flagship stores. The Yeezy boost 750 "Light Brown" was initially released on February 14, 2015, exclusively for those who confirmed a reservation through the Adidas mobile app. This initial release of the Adidas Yeezy Boost 750 "Light Brown" was limited to 9000 pairs to be available only in New York City via the Adidas smartphone app; the Adidas Yeezy Boosts were sold out within 10 minutes.[14] Between February 21 and February 28 the Yeezy Boost 750 "Light Brown" was available through a wider range of retailers and boutiques. The shoe retailed for $350.[15]
On June 11, 2016, Yeezy Season 2 began with the second set of releases of the Yeezy Boost 750 "Glow in the Dark". The shoe was sold in an all-grey color scheme with a phosphorescent (glow-in-the-dark) gum outsole. This was the first time a glow-in-the-dark sole has been featured since the [Nike Air Yeezy] line. The shoe features improved materials such as higher quality suede and leather. Like the previous 750s, this was sold for a retail price of $350.
The next Yeezy Boost 750 featured a brown suede and leather upper with the same fluorescent sole as the previous model. This colorway was dubbed "Chocolate" and retailed for $350 like all previous 750 models. There have been no further releases of the sneaker.
Yeezy Boost 350[edit]
Adidas Yeezy Boost "Oxford Tan"
On June 27, 2015, the second shoe from the collaboration, the Yeezy Boost 350 was made available through a worldwide release.[16] The shoe was first released in a white and grey "Turtle Dove" Color scheme. On August 22, 2015, an all-black version of the Yeezy Boost 350 released, known as the "Pirate Black."[17] An olivine variant, the "Moonrock," was released exclusively to stores who were vendors for the Yeezy Season 1 clothing line.[18] The fourth and final version of Season 1's 350 Boost was the "Oxford Tan," which featured a light-brown color scheme.[19] In early 2016, a revised version of the Pirate Black colorway was released. Revisions included additional support and padding to the heel.[20] However, both iterations are relatively identical in appearance. All variants of the shoe retailed for $200.[21]
On August 27, 2016, the Yeezy Boost 350 re-released in infant sizes. The shoe was released in the "Turtle Dove" and "Pirate Black" color scheme.[22] There have been no further releases or restocks of the sneaker.
Yeezy 950[edit]
The Yeezy 950 was first released on October 29, 2015 at select retail stores and online.[23] It was part of the Yeezy season 1 collection and came in three different colorways: Peyote, Moonrock, Chocolate, and Pirate black. Each shoe was retailed at $585 USD.[24] "The Adidas Yeezy 950 extended the Kanye West and Adidas partnership outside of the sneaker space with its military duckboot inspired design."[25] There have been no further releases of the sneaker.
Yeezy 350 Cleat[edit]
The Adidas Yeezy 350 Football Boost "Turtle dove" colorway was originally released on September 15, 2016.[26] The Yeezy 350 cleat "Turtle Dove" is the first athletic footwear product from the Adidas and Yeezy collaboration. "The shoe took the overall look and feel of the adidas Yeezy Boost 350 however they installed a Primeknit upper reinforced with SprintSkin sitting on a 5-star cleat frame."[27] The cleat was designed for football and it had made its first appearance in a 2016 NFL kickoff game. Texans wide receiver DeAndre Hopkins was fined $6,000 for wearing the cleats because they broke the NFL uniform policy by not having a solid base color.[28]
Adidas Yeezy Boost v2 "Zebra"
There have been no further releases of this cleat
Yeezy Boost 350 V2[edit]
The Yeezy Boost 350 V2 "Beluga" was revealed at the Yeezy Season 3 show and was released on September 24, 2016. It is considered a remake of the previous Yeezy Boost 350 and features several outer changes, such as a different pattern, removed heel tab, and a large stripe running around the outer side of the shoe with the characters "SPLY-350". The sole also has been updated to be transparent and features full-length visibility of the boost material midsole through a grid-pattern opening on the outsole. September 24, 2016, was the release date of the Yeezy Boost V2 "Beluga".[29] It featured an all Grey outsole and primeknit, with a large colored orange stripe with the words "SPLY-350". On November 23, 2016, three new colorways released, "Copper", "Green", and "Red", featuring an all black outsole and primeknit, with a large colored stripe with the words "SPLY-350". A Core Black/Core White colorway, dubbed "Oreo", was released December 17, 2016, which also featured a black outsole and prime knit, as well as a white stripe across the shoe.
A notable adaption to the Yeezy Boost 350 V2 line was made when a black and red "Bred" colorway released February 11, 2017.[30] The colorway possesses a "triple black" colorway, with the "SPLY-350" displayed in a red tint. Additionally, it officially became the first to opt out the prominent stripe on previous models. A "Zebra" colorway was released on February 25, 2017 and later restocked online and in various adidas stores and retailers on June 24, 2017. The colorway featured prominent black stripes over a never before seen white overlay, prompting a surge of value and hype from the sneaker community.[31] On April 29, 2017, a long-awaited model labeled as "Cream White" was released to the public.[32] All shoe colorways have been released for a retail price of $220.
Three new colorways of the Yeezy 350 V2 model have surfaced. A "Semi-Frozen Yellow" colorway featuring a bright yellow prime knit upper and unique "gum soles" released on November 18, 2017 in limited quantity.[33] Additionally, a colorway with a strikingly familiar pattern to the first release of the Yeezy 350 V2, dubbed the "Beluga 2.0," released at various retailers in large quantity seven days after the "Semi-Frozen Yellow" on November 25, 2017.[34] It subsequently restocked on the 30th of November. The third colorway, "Blue Tint," will be releasing on the 16th of December. All colorways have opted to possess consistent prime knit patterns without a prominent stripe on the sides, however, the iconic "SPLY-350" will still be retained on all three pairs with prices being set at $220.
Several other iterations of the shoe have been rumored to make its return in 2018; featuring one with a displaced "SPLY-350" and a dull grey primeknit pattern, a "Sesame" graphic featuring a gum sole similar to that of the "Semi-Frozen Yellow", and a "Ice Yellow" similar to the "Cream White" colorway are all rumored to release in the summer of 2018.[35] All rumors are subject to change.
Yeezy Powerphase[edit]
The Adidas Powerphase "Calabasas" was released on March 28, 2017.[36] "The retro sneakers are an update of an Adidas trainer from the '80s. They feature a premium white leather upper with perforated striped, green Adidas branding and a red Trefoil logo."[37] A tonal grey colorway released globally on the 9th of December for a retail price of $120. [38]
Yeezy Boost 700[edit]
The Adidas Yeezy Boost 700 is the official name for Kanye West's new Adidas Yeezy running shoe. It debuted during the Yeezy Season 5 fashion show in 2017. The shoe released on August 12, 2017 for $300 exclusively via the Yeezy Supply online store. Two colorways of white/gum and black are also expected to release in 2018.[39] The shoe itself has faced large amounts of controversy due to its appearance.
Yeezy 500 Desert Rat[edit]
This Adidas Yeezy 500 was released in December 2017, as a pre-order with delivery slated for March 2018, It was only available in a Super Moon Yellow colourway, and only available in a bundle with a hoodie and sweat shorts.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Adidas Yeezy 750 Boost Light Brown/Carbon White-Light Brown". Sole Collector. Retrieved 2017-07-22.
Jump up ^ "adidas Yeezy Boost 350 "Turtle Dove" | adidas | Sole Collector". Sole Collector. Retrieved 2017-07-22.
Jump up ^ "Kanye West & adidas: How the Collab Happened". Highsnobiety. July 23, 2017. Retrieved 2017-07-22.
Jump up ^ "adidas YEEZY Season 1 Release Date - SneakerNews.com". Sneaker News. October 23, 2015. Retrieved 2017-07-22.
Jump up ^ "The Four Fall Colorways of Kanye West's adidas Yeezy 950 Boot". Sole Collector. Retrieved 2017-07-22.
Jump up ^ "Kanye West & adidas: How the Collab Happened". Highsnobiety. July 23, 2017. Retrieved 2017-07-23.
Jump up ^ "adidas YEEZY Season 1 Release Date". Sneaker News. October 23, 2015. Retrieved 2017-07-25.
Jump up ^ Banks, Tim. "Yeezy Fall 2015 Ready-to-Wear Collection". Vogue. Retrieved March 26, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Kanye West & adidas: How the Collab Happened". Highsnobiety. July 24, 2017. Retrieved 2017-07-24.
Jump up ^ "Kanye West & adidas: How the Collab Happened". Highsnobiety. July 24, 2017. Retrieved 2017-07-24.
Jump up ^ "The Complete Yeezy Price Guide - Adidas Yeezy 350 Boost "Turtledove"". Sole Collector. Retrieved 2017-07-24.
Jump up ^ "Yeezys Are the Most Influential Sneakers of 2016".
Jump up ^ Little, Lyneka (December 4, 2013). "Adidas Confirms New Deal with Kanye West". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved December 6, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Kanye West's Yeezy 750 Boost Sneakers Restock After Selling Out". bet.com. February 28, 2015.
Jump up ^ Briguglio, Mario. "adidas YEEZY 750 BOOST Online Release Date". Retrieved September 20, 2015.
Jump up ^ "adidas Originals Officially Announces Yeezy Boost 350".
Jump up ^ Briguglio, Mario (February 18, 2016). "Adidas Yeezy 350 Boost "Black" Drops Tomorrow".
Jump up ^ Briguglio, Mario (November 13, 2015). "adidas Yeezy 350 Boost Moonrock Release Date – Sneaker Bar Detroit".
Jump up ^ Briguglio, Mario (December 29, 2015). "Everything You Need to Know About the adidas Yeezy 350 Boost "Oxford Tan"".
Jump up ^ "Here's What the New Yeezy Boost 350 Pretty Much Looks Like".
Jump up ^ Briguglio, Mario. "Adidas Yeezy 350 Boost Low Release Date – Sneaker Bar Detroit". Retrieved September 30, 2015.
Jump up ^ "The Complete Yeezy Price Guide - Adidas Yeezy 350 Boost Infant "Pirate Black"". Sole Collector. Retrieved 2017-07-24.
Jump up ^ "adidas YEEZY 950 Duckboot Price + Release Info". Sneaker News. October 28, 2015. Retrieved 2017-07-19.
Jump up ^ "The Four Fall Colorways of Kanye West's adidas Yeezy 950 Boot". Sole Collector. Retrieved 2017-07-19.
Jump up ^ "Adidas Yeezy 950 | adidas | Sole Collector". Sole Collector. Retrieved 2017-07-24.
Jump up ^ "Adidas Yeezy 350 Football Boot "Turtle Dove"". Sole Collector. Retrieved 2017-07-19.
Jump up ^ "Adidas Yeezy 350 Cleat". Sole Collector. Retrieved 2017-07-24.
Jump up ^ "Texans' Hopkins fined $6K for his Yeezy cleats". ESPN.com. Retrieved 2017-07-24.
Jump up ^ "Adidas Yeezy Boost 350 V2 "Beluga"". Sole Collector. Retrieved 2017-07-25.
Jump up ^ "Adidas YEEZY Boost 350 V2 "Core Black/Red" Release Date Confirmed". Highsnobiety. February 18, 2017. Retrieved February 18, 2017.
Jump up ^ Chris Danforth (February 18, 2017). "Adidas YEEZY Boost 350 V2 "Zebra:" Here's Your Best Look Yet". Highsnobiety. Retrieved February 18, 2017.
Jump up ^ "adidas Yeezy Boost 350 V2 Triple White April 2017". Sneaker News. March 7, 2017. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
Jump up ^ https://sneakernews.com/2017/10/18/adidas-yeezy-boost-350-v2-semi-frozen-yellow-release-date/
Jump up ^ https://sneakernews.com/2017/10/24/adidas-yeezy-boost-350-v2-beluga-2-0-release-date/
Jump up ^ https://www.kicksonfire.com/adidas-yeezy-boost-350-v2-ice-yellow-release-info/
Jump up ^ "The Complete Yeezy Price Guide - Adidas Yeezy Powerphase "Calabasas"". Sole Collector. Retrieved 2017-07-24.
Jump up ^ Jones, Riley (May 24, 2017). "Kanye West's Calabasas x Adidas Yeezy Powerphase Sneakers Will be Rereleased on June 4". Footwear News. Retrieved 2017-07-24.
Jump up ^ https://sneakernews.com/2017/12/01/adiads-yeezy-powerphase-calabasas-grey-store-list/
Jump up ^ "Adidas Yeezy Boost 700 - Latest Release Info". Sneaker News. Retrieved 2017-10-15.
External links[edit]
Adidas Yeezy official website
Adidas
[show]
v
t
e
Adidas Group
Adidas brands
Adidas Originals
Adicolor
Adidas 1
Adidas Superstar
Adidas Stan Smith
TaylorMade-Adidas
Adidas Yeezy
Three stripes
Football equipment
Adidas Copa Mundial
Adidas Finale
Adidas Etrusco Unico
Adidas Questra
Adidas Azteca
Adidas Fevernova
Adidas Predator
Adidas Pelias
Adidas Jabulani
Adidas Samba
Adidas Roteiro
Adidas Tango
Adidas Brazuca
Adidas Teamgeist
Adidas Telstar
Adidas Tricolore
AdiPure
Related
List of Adidas sponsorships
Reebok
Runtastic
[show]
v
t
e
Kanye West
Discography
Production discography
Songs
Awards and nominations
Studio albums
The College Dropout
Late Registration
Graduation
808s & Heartbreak
My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy
Watch the Throne (with Jay-Z)
Yeezus
The Life of Pablo
Live albums
Late Orchestration
VH1 Storytellers
Compilations
Cruel Summer
Mixtapes
Can't Tell Me Nothing
DVDs
The College Dropout Video Anthology
Late Orchestration
Films
We Were Once a Fairytale
Runaway
Cruel Summer
Tours
Vertigo Tour
Glow in the Dark Tour
Fame Kills: Starring Kanye West and Lady Gaga
Watch the Throne Tour
The Yeezus Tour
Saint Pablo Tour
Books
Glow in the Dark
Related articles
Roc-A-Fella Records
GOOD Music
Very GOOD Beats
GOOD Fridays
Child Rebel Soldier
Nike Air Yeezy
Adidas Yeezy
Shutter Shades
Kanye Zone
Jay-Z
Kim Kardashian
Book
Category
Portal
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adidas_Yeezy&oldid=821997950"
Categories:
Shoes
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Čeština
Edit links
This page was last edited on 23 January 2018, at 21:00.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

value: mw-page-base noprint

value: mw-head-base noprint

value: firstHeading firstHeading en

value: siteSub noprint

value: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attr: href class title

attr: class style

tag: sup

value: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

value:
nofollow
external text
http://www.adidas.com/yeezy

value:
nofollow
http://adidas.com/
external text

value:
/wiki/Adidas_Group
mw-redirect
Adidas Group

value: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

value:
Kanye_West
fn
font-size:114%;margin:0 4em

value: List of awards and nominations received by Kanye West

value:
navbox-abovebelow
2
background: #EEEEEE;

value:
row
navbox-group
width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;

value:
/wiki/Very_GOOD_Beats
mw-redirect
Very GOOD Beats

value:
/wiki/Shutter_Shades
mw-redirect
Shutter Shades

value: nowraplinks vcard hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

value:
catlinks mw-normal-catlinks
catlinks mw-normal-catlinks
interface

value: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

value: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

value: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

value: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

value:
/wiki/Adidas_Yeezy
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

value: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

value: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

value:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

value: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

value: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

value:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

value:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

value: Permanent link to this revision of the page

value: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

value: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

value: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

value: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

value: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Adidas_Yeezy rootpage-Adidas_Yeezy skin-vector action-view


text:
Be Thankful for What You Got
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"Be Thankful for What You Got"
Single by William DeVaughn
from the album Be Thankful for What You Got
B-side
"Be Thankful For What You Got, Part 2"
Released
March 1974[1]
Recorded
1972
Genre
Soul
Length
7:12 (album version)
3:25 (single edit)
Label
Roxbury Records
Songwriter(s)
William DeVaughn
Producer(s)
Frank Fioravanti, John Davis
"Be Thankful for What You Got" is a soul song written and first performed by William DeVaughn.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
1.1 Sampled
1.2 References
2 Covers
2.1 Massive Attack version
2.2 Lipbone Redding version
3 Notes
4 Sources
History[edit]
DeVaughn wrote "A Cadillac Don't Come Easy" eventually re-written to become "Be Thankful for What You Got" in 1972, and spent $900 toward its development[vague] to Omega Sound (a Philadelphia production house). The producers at Omega (Frank Fioravanti and sax player/ MFSB session group member, John Davis) decided to go for a strong groove with a smooth, almost jazzy arrangement, eventually booking time to record at Sigma Sound Studio in Philadelphia.
The session featured members of the MFSB group — guitarist Norman Harris, drummer Earl Young, bassist Ron Baker, and vibist Vince Montana — secured by Allan Felder, who also developed the separate ad lib back-up chorus with his sister's vocal choir.[The B-Side of the single entitled "Diamond in the Back" was the same title adopted by Ludacris 2004][citation needed] Frank Fioravanti could have released the record on the company's own label Sound Gems, but it was just starting out and instead secured its release on the Roxbury Records record label, run by producer-songwriter Wes Farrell.
The record sold nearly two million copies on its release in spring 1974, reaching #1 on the U.S. R&B charts and #4 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart.[2] With a sound and content influenced by Curtis Mayfield (and often erroneously attributed to him), its simple and encouraging lyrics hit home, to the extent that it became featured on gospel radio stations.
The edited version, which is the first part of the song, became a hit. The other half of the song is a longer instrumental with the repeated chords and rhythm before the final chorus comes in. The song is seven minutes long and radio stations preferred the sung portions over the instrumental portions.
The song is noted for its repeated line: "Diamond in the back,/ Sun roof top,/ Diggi'n the scene, with a gangsta lean".
DeVaughn's second album Figures Can't Calculate (TEC, 1980) included a remake.
The song is featured in the films Bug (2002), Be Cool (2005) and La Mission (2010).
Preceded by
"I'm in Love" by Aretha Franklin Billboard Hot Soul Singles number one single
June 1, 1974 Succeeded by
"Hollywood Swinging" by Kool & the Gang
Sampled[edit]
The song has been sampled several times, such as by N.W.A in "Gangsta Gangsta", Ludacris in "Diamond in the Back" and Ice Cube in "Stand Tall".
References[edit]
The song is referenced in the Parliament-Funkadelic song "P. Funk (Wants to Get Funked Up)", with the lyric: "Gangster lean; Y'all should dig my sun-roof top."
The song was also referenced in the late guitarist Gabor Szabo's 1976 song, "Keep Smiling," except the "diamond in the back" lyric was changed to "digging the scene with a Philly lean," possibly referring to the song's co-author and producer (and Vaughn's Philadelphia International Records label-mate) Bunny Sigler.
In the song "Still Fly" by Big Tymers the last verse mentions an 'old-school Caddy with a diamond in the back' and imitates DeVaughn's higher tone.
The song is referenced in the Rihanna song "Shut Up and Drive (Rihanna song)", with the phrase: "I'm a fine-tuned super-sonic speed machine, with a sunroof top and a gangsta lean."
Covers[edit]
The song was covered in 1974 by Arthur Lee and Love on their Reel to Real album; Reggae versions were done by Donovan Carless in 1974, Bunny Clarke (produced by Lee "Scratch" Perry) in 1975,[3] and by Winston Curtis in 1984 (on World International Records); in 1991 by the British trip hop band Massive Attack on their album Blue Lines, in 1993 by Portrait on the soundtrack album Addams Family Values: Music from the Motion Picture, by Peter Blakeley as the opening theme for the movie The Taking of Beverly Hills, by Yo La Tengo on its 1997 "Little Honda" EP and by Lawrence "Lipbone" Redding on his 2009 Science of Bootyism album.
The song has been covered by Rumer (musician) in her EP "Love is the Answer".
The song, titled "Be Thankful", was covered by Omar Lye-Fook featuring Erykah Badu on his 2001 album "Best By Far".
The song was also covered by Cleveland Watkiss on "Blessing in Disguise" (Polydor 1991).
Massive Attack version[edit]
Massive Attack's cover version, retitled "Be Thankful for What You've Got", was featured on their 1991 debut album Blue Lines. A music video was produced for the song; however, it was not released as a stand-alone commercial single. Instead, a remix by Paul Oakenfold was also included on their 1992 single release Massive Attack EP.[4]
Massive Attack EP track listing:
"Hymn of the Big Wheel" (Nellee Hooper Remix) – 4:47
"Home of the Whale" – 4:02
"Be Thankful for What You've Got" (Paul Oakenfold Remix) – 4:36
"Any Love" (Larry Heard Remix) – 4:27
"Be Thankful for What You've Got"
Single by Lipbone Redding
from the album Science of Bootyism EP
Released
April 21, 2009
Format
CD
Genre
Soul
Length
5:10
6:12 (long version)
Songwriter(s)
William DeVaughn
Producer(s)
Jeff Eyrich for Lipbone Redding
Lipbone Redding version[edit]
Lawrence "Lipbone" Redding's cover version, "Be Thankful for What You Got", appeared on his 2009 EP Lipbone Redding and the LipBone Orchestra: Science of Bootyism, BePop Records. The EP contains two versions of the song.
Science of Bootyism EP track listing:
"The Land of Drunk and Stoned" – 4:24
"Sweet Melinda" – 4:56
"Be Thankful for What You Got" – 5:10
"Old Tattoo" – 4:58
"Ghetto Girl (Downtown Deep Ghetto Mix") - 7:00
"Ghetto Girl (Uptown Slum Club Mix)" - 5:51
"Be Thankful for What You Got" (long version) - 6:12
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ "Record Details". 45cat.com. 45cat. Retrieved 30 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Chart positions and sales figure: Nathan.
Jump up ^ "Be Thankful". Archived from the original on 2011-05-13.
Jump up ^ Massive Attack - Massive Attack E.P. at Discogs
Sources[edit]
Nathan, David. Notes for William DeVaughn: Be Thankful for What You Got: A Golden Classics Edition. Collectables [sic] CD COL-5271. Collectables [sic] Record Corp., 1994.
[hide]
v
t
e
Massive Attack
3D
Daddy G
Mushroom
Studio albums
Blue Lines
Protection
Mezzanine
100th Window
Heligoland
Remix albums
No Protection
Singles
"Daydreaming"
"Unfinished Sympathy"
"Safe from Harm"
"Sly"
"Protection"
"Karmacoma"
"Risingson"
"Teardrop"
"Angel"
"Inertia Creeps"
"Special Cases"
"Butterfly Caught"
"Live with Me"
"Four Walls"
"The Spoils"
EPs
Splitting the Atom
Ritual Spirit
Compilations
Singles 90/98
Collected
Others
"I Want You" (with Madonna)
Danny the Dog
DJ-Kicks: Daddy G
See also
Discography
Tricky
Shara Nelson
Horace Andy
Angelo Bruschini
Neil Davidge
The Wild Bunch
Trip hop
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Be_Thankful_for_What_You_Got&oldid=817217476"
Categories:
1974 singles
1992 singles
2009 singles
Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs number-one singles
Massive Attack songs
1972 songs
Hidden categories:
Articles with hAudio microformats
All Wikipedia articles needing clarification
Wikipedia articles needing clarification from August 2010
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from August 2010
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
日本語
ไทย
Edit links
This page was last edited on 26 December 2017, at 23:41.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

value: mw-page-base noprint

value: mw-head-base noprint

value: firstHeading firstHeading en

value: siteSub noprint

value: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attr: colspan class style

value: Be Thankful for What You Got (William DeVaughn album)

value: This information is too vague. (August 2010)

value:
/wiki/Vince_Montana
mw-redirect
Vince Montana

value: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2010)

value:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

value:
/wiki/Gramophone_record
mw-redirect
Gramophone record

value: List of number-one R&B hits (United States)

value:
/wiki/Gabor_Szabo
mw-redirect
Gabor Szabo

value:
/wiki/Shut_Up_and_Drive_(Rihanna_song)
mw-redirect
Shut Up and Drive (Rihanna song)

value:
/wiki/Reel_to_Real_(Love_album)
mw-redirect
Reel to Real (Love album)

value:
nofollow
external text
http://www.45cat.com/record/brb00236

value:
Massive_Attack
fn org
font-size:114%;margin:0 4em

value:
navbox-abovebelow
2
background: #EEEEEE;

value:
row
navbox-group
width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;

value:
/wiki/Danny_the_Dog
mw-redirect
Danny the Dog

value: nowraplinks vcard hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

value: Category:Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs number-one singles

value: Category:Articles with hAudio microformats

value: Category:All Wikipedia articles needing clarification

value: Category:Wikipedia articles needing clarification from August 2010

value: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

value: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from August 2010

value: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

value: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

value:
/wiki/Be_Thankful_for_What_You_Got
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

value:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

value: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

value: Find background information on current events

value:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

value: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

value: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

value: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

value: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

value: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

value: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

value: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

value:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

value: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

value:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

value: ビー・サンクフル・フォー・ワット・ユー・ゴット – Japanese

value: บีแท็งฟูลฟอร์วอทยูก็อท – Thai

value:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

value: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Be_Thankful_for_What_You_Got rootpage-Be_Thankful_for_What_You_Got skin-vector action-view