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Knock You Down
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For the album by Dynazty, see Knock You Down (Dynazty album).
"Knock You Down"
Single by Keri Hilson featuring Kanye West and Ne-Yo
from the album In a Perfect World...
Released
April 7, 2009
Format
CD
digital download
Recorded
2009; Hit Factory Criteria and Circle House Studios
(Miami)
No Excuses Studio and Threshold Studios
(Santa Monica)
Chung King Studios
(New York City)
Genre
Hip hop
R&B
Length
5:26
Label
Mosley
Zone 4
Interscope
Songwriter(s)
Nate Hills
Keri Hilson
Kevin Cossom
Shaffer Smith
Marcella Araica
Kanye West
Producer(s)
Hills
Hilson
Keri Hilson singles chronology
"Turnin Me On"
(2008) "Knock You Down"
(2009) "Make Love"
(2009)
"Turnin Me On"
(2008) "Knock You Down"
(2009) "Make Love"
(2009)
Kanye West singles chronology
"Paranoid"
(2009) Paranoid2009 "Knock You Down"
(2009) Knock You Down2009 "Kinda Like a Big Deal"
(2009) Kinda Like a Big Deal2009
Ne-Yo singles chronology
"Mad"
(2008) Mad2008 "Knock You Down"
(2009) Knock You Down2009 "Part of the List"
(2009) Part of the List2009
"Knock You Down" is a song by American singer and songwriter Keri Hilson, recorded for her debut studio album In a Perfect World... (2009). The song features guest vocals from Ne-Yo and Kanye West. All three artists co-wrote the song with its producer Nate "Danja" Hills, as well as Kevin Cossom and Marcella Araica. The song was released first released to rhythmic and urban airplay in the United States as the album's fourth single in the US, and it would later serve as the third worldwide single.
The song is a contemporary R&B and hip hop song, which includes elements of pop music. The lyrics of the song pertain to how love "knocks you down." Part of the song refers to Michael Jackson; coincidentally it was released at the time surrounding the death of the singer. The song received generally mixed to positive reviews, with critics divided as to whether Ne-Yo and West overwhelmed Hilson's appearance. However, reviewers also complimented that the song was radio-friendly. It was nominated for multiple awards, including Best Rap/Sung Collaboration at the 52nd Grammy Awards.
"Knock You Down" peaked at number one in New Zealand, and was certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of New Zealand. It also reached the top ten in Canada, Ireland, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The song's music video was directed by Chris Robinson. It sees Hilson caught in a love triangle with her former partner West, and new-found love Ne-Yo. The video received positive reviews, which appreciated the given performances given by the artists. Hilson performed the song a number of times, including television appearances such as on The Rachael Ray Show. She also notably performed the song at the 2009 BET Awards, where she used the Jackson reference of the song to give a tribute performance to the late singer.
Contents
[hide]
1 Background
2 Composition
3 Critical reception
4 Chart performance
5 Music video
6 Live performances
7 Track listing
8 Credits
9 Charts and certifications
9.1 Weekly charts
9.2 Year-end charts
9.3 Certifications
10 Release history
11 Covers and parodies
12 References
13 External links
Background[edit]
Hilson and Ne-Yo knew each other from their days as co-songwriters. Hilson had appeared as Ne-Yo's love interest in the video for his song "Miss Independent," the second single taken from his 2008 album, Year of the Gentleman. In a September 2008 interview with Rap-Up about a recent crop of songwriters becoming singers, Ne-Yo said "For one, I think Keri Hilson’s too freakin’ pretty to be in the background. For two, her voice is incredible—on top of the fact that she can write. So I think that she’s definitely one that deserves the spotlight."[1] In "Knock You Down", Kanye West makes multiple references to Michael Jackson, and coincidentally, the song was released in numerous territories around the death of the singer.[2]
Composition[edit]
"Knock You Down"
A sample of the chorus of "Knock You Down", which is said to be in a "frenetic midtempo groove"
Problems playing this file? See media help.
"Knock You Down" is a R&B song with a length of five minutes and twenty six seconds.[3] The song also includes electro tones, and derives from pop and hip hop genres.[2] The song is set in common time, and composed in a "moderate R&B groove."[4] It is written in the key of G minor, and vocals span from F3 to D5.[4] It follows the chord progression E♭–F–B♭–E♭–F–Gm.[4] The song begins with a rap intro by Kanye West, accompanied by a "stabbing synth riff."[2] According to Chris Williams of Billboard, The verses contain a "thumping bass-beat" while the chorus is in a "frenetic midtempo groove."[5] Dan Nishimoto of Prefix Magazine said the song had a "4/4 Motown feel on the verses and stuttering drums on the chorus."[6] Hilson performs the first verse and chorus, while Ne-Yo sings the second verse.[5] West then has a rap interlude before Hilson sings an additional part before the song ends with the chorus by Hilson, accompanied by Ne-Yo.[5] In West's lines, he references Michael Jackson and his song "Bad" in the lines "This is bad, real bad, Michael Jackson." Coincidentally, the song was released in numerous territories around the death of the singer.[2] West also refers to the domestic abuse accusations against his Jackson's father, Joe, in the following lyric "Now mad, real mad, Joe Jackson."[2] Lyrically, the song is about how a great love goes wrong.[5]
Critical reception[edit]
Critics were divided as to whether the song's features overwhelmed Hilson. Nick Levine said that Ne-Yo (pictured) had a more "distinctive" voice than Hilson
Chris Williams of Billboard said "with a vocal assist from Ne-Yo and a clever guest rap by Kanye West, it appears Hilson is intent on a knockout punch of her own."[5] Dan Nishimoto of Prefix Magazine said the song was one of the better radio-friendly tracks on the album.[6] Melinda Newman of HitFix said that "the mid-tempo track is undeniably catchy and will embed itself within your brain after only a few listens."[7] Sophie Bruce of BBC Music positively received the song, calling it the album's "biggest potential hit."[8] Although Nick Levine of Digital Spy gave the song three out of five stars, complimenting production by Danja, and saying that the song sounded like a more obvious hit than "Return the Favor", he complained that "getting two R&B A-listers to appear on your track should be a real coup, but not when one's got a more distinctive voice than you and the other steals the show with some typically ballsy rapping."[2] Quentin B. Huff of PopMatters criticized the repetitive hook, stating "Hook-wise, it’s a little like listening to an album of kids chanting while playing double-dutch."[9] He also said that Hilson's vocals "show promise but fail to distinguish the Hilson brand from the crowd."[9]
"Knock You Down" was nominated for three awards. At the 2009 Soul Train Awards, the song was nominated for Record of the Year (Songwriters Award) as well as Best Collaboration.[10] At the 52nd Grammy Awards, it was nominated for Best Rap/Sung Collaboration, but lost to Jay-Z's "Run This Town", another song in which West is featured.[11]
Chart performance[edit]
"Knock You Down" debuted on the Billboard Hot 100 at number sixty-five, and would later go on to peak at number three.[12] Along with "The Way I Are", it was Hilson's highest charting single on the Hot 100.[12] It also achieved successes in other Billboard component charts, topping the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, and reaching number three on the Pop Songs chart.[13] "Knock You Down" became Hilson's biggest airplay single to date, topping the Hot 100 Airplay for four consecutive weeks. It has sold over 2,100,000 digital copies as of April 2011.[14] "Knock You Down" spent a total of thirty-one weeks on the Hot 100. The single appeared on numerous charts internationally. On the Canadian Hot 100,[15] and the Australian Singles Chart the song peaked at number three.[16] It debuted at number forty on the UK Singles Chart, and five weeks later, it reached number five, where it remained for two weeks.[17] In Ireland, it peaked at number two on the Irish Singles Chart, while it reached number eight on the Dutch Top 40.[18] The song performed best on the New Zealand Singles Chart, where it reached number one,[19] and was eventually certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of New Zealand (RIANZ). "Knock You Down" charted in the top twenty of Norway, Sweden, and Slovakia, the top thirty of Germany, Belgium (Wallonia), and Denmark,[20] and in the top forty of the Czech Republic.[21] It reached number forty-nine on the Belgian Singles Chart in Flanders.[20] its success in Europe allowed it to chart at number thirteen on the European Hot 100.[22]
Music video[edit]
A flashback of West and Hilson's prior relationship is shown during their confrontation in the music video.
The music video for "Knock You Down", directed by Chris Robinson,[23] premiered on March 23, 2009.[23] The video begins with Hilson slowly falling backwards onto a bed, and then West appears and raps the introduction. Both start reflecting on their previous relationship, before the clip flashes back to the previous events. West is shown to be an artist, who is painting a portrait of Hilson. Hilson and West begin to caress each other, as she as shown in several seductive poses in a bed and sings in front of a white backdrop. The video returns to the present, showing Hilson and West breaking up, as both of them fall backwards onto the floor, similar to the way Hilson falls onto the bed in the opening sequence. Visual effects come into play greater in this scene, as when West falls, he shatters into pieces.[7] Ne-Yo then appears, and sings his lines in front of a grey backdrop. Ne-Yo and Hilson proceed to go on a date at a party in West and Hilson's apartment, and are seen being affectionate by West. He then confronts Hilson, and Ne-Yo also approaches the duo before Hilson walks off, torn between the two men. The clip ends with Hilson falling backwards onto a bed, in similar fashion as the opening scene.
Melinda Newman of HitFix positively received the video, stating "its success lies solely in the charisma and believability that the trio brings to the small screen, which is considerable."[7] A writer for BET Sound Off called the video a "tantalizing visual" and said he adored it, commenting, "sans Kanye and Neyo’s unbearable showdown, I could watch this video over and over and over and over!"[24] Margeaux Watson of Entertainment Weekly said, "Though their scenes together are G-rated in comparison to Ciara's steamy romp with Justin Timberlake in their new clip for 'Love Sex Magic,' Hilson’s solo shots in bed are undeniably hot. Indeed, a tasteful flash of booty never hurt nobody."[25] In an interview on the Today Show, anchor Hoda Kotb made a remark to Ne-Yo, stating, "You have this really hot new video that you do with Kanye West and another woman named Keri. You [and Kanye] are such big stars. How did this happen?" Blogs reported this as a possible "diss" toward Hilson, however, neither camps reported anything after the fact.[26]
Live performances[edit]
Hilson performed the song for her Walmart SoundCheck to promote the album.[27] She also performed the song while being a supporting act to Ne-Yo, on his Year of the Gentleman tour in 2009.[28] Hilson and West performed the song on May 5, 2009 on the Late Show with David Letterman.[29] Hilson also performed the song, along with a cover of Gnarls Barkley's "Crazy" on July 21, 2009 for Yahoo! Music sponsored by Pepsi.[30] She performed the song with "Turnin Me On" at the 2009 BET Awards in June 2009.[31] She utilized the Michael Jackson reference in the song to perform a dance routine paying homage to Jackson, at the awards ceremony.[31] On July 28, 2009, Hilson performed the song on It's On with Alexa Chung.[32] Hilson performed the song and "Energy" with British singer-songwriter Taio Cruz at the MOBO Awards 2009, which she co-hosted, on October 4, 2009.[33] On January 1, 2010, she performed the song as a part of her set list of Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve with Ryan Seacrest.[34] On January 29, 2010, Hilson performed an acoustic rendition of the song on The Rachael Ray Show.[35] On February 5, 2010, she performed the song at BET's SOS: Help for Haiti Telethon, to benefit the victims of the 2010 Haitian earthquake.[36] On October 22, 2010, she performed the song in Chicago at Collins Academy High School during for the Get Schooled National Challenge and Tour.[37]
Track listing[edit]
Digital download remix bundle[38]
"Knock You Down" (Electrolitz Remix) [feat. Rye Rye] – 4:55
"Knock You Down" (Moto Blanco Club Remix Extended) – 8:59
"Knock You Down" (Moto Blanco Club Remix) – 5:54
"Knock You Down" (Moto Blanco Dub Remix) – 7:44
"Knock You Down" (Random Soul Synthetic Remix) – 7:52
"Knock You Down" (Bimbo Jones Club Remix) – 7:41
"Knock You Down" (Bimbo Jones Dub Remix) – 7:41
"Knock You Down" (Bimbo Jones Radio Remix) – 4:28
Europe CD single[3]
"Knock You Down" (Radio edit) – 4:12
"Knock You Down" (Radio edit instrumental) – 4:12
Credits[edit]
Nathaniel "Danja" Hills – writer, record producer
Keri Hilson – writer, vocals, vocal producer
Kevin Cossom – writer
Shaffer "Ne-Yo" Smith – writer, vocals
Marcella Araica – writer, recording engineer, audio mixer
Kanye West – writer, vocals
Josh Mosser – recording engineer
Bryan Jones – recording engineer
Ben Reid – recording engineer
Anthony Palazolle – recording engineer
Jared Newcomb – audio mixing assistant
Source[39]
Charts and certifications[edit]
Weekly charts[edit]
Chart (2009)
Peak
position
Australia (ARIA)[16] 24
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[40] 37
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)[20] 49
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Wallonia)[41] 29
Brazil (ABPD)[42] 41
Canada (Canadian Hot 100)[15] 9
Czech Republic (Rádio Top 100)[43] 31
Denmark (Tracklisten)[44] 28
Europe (European Hot 100 Singles)[22] 13
Germany (Official German Charts)[45] 30
Ireland (IRMA)[46] 2
Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)[18] 8
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[19] 1
Norway (VG-lista)[47] 11
Slovakia (Rádio Top 100)[48] 16
Sweden (Sverigetopplistan)[49] 11
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[17] 5
US Billboard Hot 100[12] 3
US Adult Top 40 (Billboard)[50] 34
US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard)[51] 1
US Mainstream Top 40 (Billboard)[13] 3
US Rhythmic (Billboard)[52] 1
Year-end charts[edit]
Charts (2009)
Position
New Zealand Singles Chart[53] 10
UK Singles Chart[54] 41
US Billboard Hot 100[55] 15
Certifications[edit]
Country
Certification
United States
2x Platinum[56]
Release history[edit]
Region
Date
Format
United States April 7, 2009[57] Rhythmic and urban airplay
April 14, 2009[57] Mainstream airplay
United Kingdom May 4, 2009[58] Digital download
June 22, 2009[59] CD single
Brazil September 9, 2009[60] Digital download
Covers and parodies[edit]
Rucka Rucka Ali made a parody of "Knock You Down" called "Crips & Bloods".
References[edit]
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^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Levine, Nick. "Keri Hilson ft. Kanye West, Ne-Yo: 'Knock You Down'". Digital Spy. Retrieved 2009-06-22.
^ Jump up to: a b "music: Knock You Down (2009)". HMV.com. Retrieved 2009-08-16.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Keri Hilson - Knock You Down - Digital Sheet Music". Musicnotes.com. Alfred Publishing. Missing or empty |url= (help)
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Williams, Chris (2009-04-11). "The Billboard Reviews - Singles". Billboard. pp. 30–31
^ Jump up to: a b Nishimoto, Dan (2008-10-18). "Keri Hilson: In a Perfect World..." Prefix Magazine. Retrieved 2010-12-19.
^ Jump up to: a b c Newman, Melinda (2009-03-31). "Review: Watch Keri Hilson's new video for 'Knock You Down'". HitFix. Retrieved 2010-12-19.
Jump up ^ Bruce, Sophie (2009-05-08). "BBC - Music - Review of Keri Hilson - In A Perfect World". BBC Music Blog. BBC. Retrieved 2010-12-19.
^ Jump up to: a b Huff, Quentin B. (2009-05-19). "Keri Hilson: In a Perfect World". PopMatters. Retrieved 2010-12-19.
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^ Jump up to: a b c "Keri Hilson Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved 2011-01-08.
^ Jump up to: a b "Keri Hilson Chart History (Pop Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved 2011-01-08.
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^ Jump up to: a b "Keri Hilson Chart History (Canadian Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved 2011-01-08.
^ Jump up to: a b "Australian-charts.com – Keri Hilson feat. Kanye West & Ne-Yo – Knock You Down". ARIA Top 50 Singles. Retrieved 2011-01-08.
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^ Jump up to: a b "Nederlandse Top 40 – Keri Hilson" (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40. Retrieved 2011-01-08.
^ Jump up to: a b "Charts.org.nz – Keri Hilson feat. Kanye West & Ne-Yo – Knock You Down". Top 40 Singles. Retrieved 2011-01-08.
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^ Jump up to: a b "Keri Hilson – Chart history" European Hot 100 for Keri Hilson. Retrieved 2011-01-08.
^ Jump up to: a b "Video: Keri Hilson f/ Kanye West & Ne-Yo – 'Knock You Down'". Rap-Up. 2009-03-23. Retrieved 2010-12-18.
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Jump up ^ "Keri Hilson Dissed on 'Today' Show?". Rap-Up. 2009-08-11. Retrieved 2010-12-18.
Jump up ^ "Walmart Soundcheck 2010 - Watch Keri Hilson Interviews, Live Performances, Music Videos". Walmart.com. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. Retrieved 2010-12-20.
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Jump up ^ "Check Out Keri Hilson's MOBO Awards Performance". Interscope Records. Interscope Digital Distribution. 2009-10-05. Archived from the original on 2012-09-26. Retrieved 2010-12-20.
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Jump up ^ In a Perfect World... (booklet). Keri Hilson. Zone 4, Mosley Music Group (Interscope Records). 2009. p. 4.
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External links[edit]
Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
[show]
v
t
e
Keri Hilson
Discography
Studio albums
In a Perfect World...
No Boys Allowed
L.I.A.R.
Singles
"Energy"
"Return the Favor"
"Turnin Me On"
"Knock You Down"
"Make Love"
"Slow Dance"
"I Like"
"Breaking Point"
"Pretty Girl Rock"
"One Night Stand"
"Lose Control (Let Me Down)"
Featured singles
"Hey Now (Mean Muggin)"
"The Way I Are"
"Scream"
"Hero"
"Superhuman"
"Numba 1 (Tide Is High)"
"Number One"
"Everything, Everyday, Everywhere"
"Medicine"
"Oh Africa"
"Million Dollar Girl"
"Got Your Back"
"In the Air"
Other songs
"The Way You Love Me"
"Hold My Hand"
Related articles
The Clutch
Mosley Music Group
Zone 4
Book
Category
[show]
v
t
e
Ne-Yo
Discography
Awards and nominations
Studio albums
In My Own Words
Because of You
Year of the Gentleman
Libra Scale
R.E.D.
Non-Fiction
Good Man
Compilation albums
Ne-Yo: The Collection
Singles
"Stay"
"So Sick"
"When You're Mad"
"Sexy Love"
"Because of You"
"Do You"
"Can We Chill"
"Go On Girl"
"Closer"
"Miss Independent"
"Mad"
"Part of the List"
"Never Knew I Needed"
"Beautiful Monster"
"Champagne Life"
"One in a Million"
"Think Like a Man"
"Lazy Love"
"Let Me Love You (Until You Learn to Love Yourself)"
"Don't Make Em Like You"
"Forever Now"
"Money Can't Buy"
"She Knows"
"Coming with You"
"Earn Ur Love"
"Another Love Song"
"Push Back"
Featured singles
"Back Like That"
"Sexual Healing"
"Make Me Better"
"Hate That I Love You"
"Bust It Baby (Part 2)"
"Finer Things"
"Single"
"Camera Phone"
"She Got Her Own"
"By My Side"
"Knock You Down"
"Be on You"
"Baby by Me"
"Angels Cry"
"Super High"
"Give Me Everything"
"Turn All the Lights On"
"Leave You Alone"
"Let's Go"
"Turn Around"
"Play Hard"
"Tonight"
"Reason To Hate"
"Without You"
"Incredible"
"Time of Our Lives"
"Higher Place"
"Marry You"
Promotional singles
"The Way You Move"
Filmography
Save the Last Dance 2
Stomp the Yard
Battle: Los Angeles
Red Tails
Good Deeds
[show]
v
t
e
Kanye West songs
Discography
The College Dropout
"All Falls Down"
"I'll Fly Away"
"Jesus Walks"
"The New Workout Plan"
"Slow Jamz"
"Through the Wire"
Late Registration
"Heard 'Em Say"
"Touch the Sky"
"Gold Digger"
"Drive Slow"
"Diamonds from Sierra Leone"
"Hey Mama"
"Gone"
Graduation
"Good Morning"
"Champion"
"Stronger"
"Good Life"
"Can't Tell Me Nothing"
"Flashing Lights"
"Homecoming"
"Big Brother"
808s & Heartbreak
"Welcome to Heartbreak"
"Heartless"
"Amazing"
"Love Lockdown"
"Paranoid"
"See You in My Nightmares"
My Beautiful Dark
Twisted Fantasy
"Dark Fantasy"
"Gorgeous"
"Power"
"All of the Lights"
"Monster"
"So Appalled"
"Devil in a New Dress"
"Runaway"
"Hell of a Life"
"Blame Game"
"Lost in the World"
"Who Will Survive in America"
"See Me Now"
Watch the Throne
"No Church in the Wild"
"Lift Off"
"Niggas in Paris"
"Otis"
"Gotta Have It"
"Who Gon Stop Me"
"Made in America"
"Why I Love You"
"H•A•M"
Cruel Summer
"To the World"
"Clique"
"Mercy"
"New God Flow"
"Cold"
"Don't Like"
Yeezus
"On Sight"
"Black Skinhead"
"I Am a God"
"New Slaves"
"Hold My Liquor"
"Blood on the Leaves"
"Bound 2"
The Life of Pablo
"Ultralight Beam"
"Father Stretch My Hands"
"Famous"
"Real Friends"
"Wolves"
"Fade"
"Saint Pablo"
Cruel Winter
"Champions"
Other singles
"Classic (Better Than I've Ever Been)"
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The Stinsons
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The topic of this article may not meet Wikipedia's general notability guideline. Please help to establish notability by citing reliable secondary sources that are independent of the topic and provide significant coverage of it beyond its mere trivial mention. If notability cannot be established, the article is likely to be merged, redirected, or deleted.
Find sources: "The Stinsons" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (May 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
This article's lead section does not adequately summarize key points of its contents. Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article. Please discuss this issue on the article's talk page. (May 2014)
"The Stinsons"
How I Met Your Mother episode
Episode no.
Season 4
Episode 15
Directed by
Pamela Fryman
Written by
Carter Bays
Craig Thomas
Production code
4ALH15
Original air date
March 2, 2009
Guest appearance(s)
Zachary Gordon (Grant)
Brooke D'Orsay (Margaret)
Frances Conroy (Loretta Stinson)
Episode chronology
← Previous
"The Possimpible" Next →
"Sorry, Bro"
"The Stinsons" is the 15th episode in the fourth season of the television series How I Met Your Mother and 79th overall. It originally aired on March 2, 2009.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Critical response
3 References
4 External links
Plot[edit]
At the beginning of the episode, Barney is seen skipping out hitting on a hot girl because he tells everyone he has to go somewhere, but he is secretive about where. The gang becomes suspicious that Barney might have a secret girlfriend, so they follow him to what turns out to be the house of his mother, Loretta. Barney then reveals that he has a wife, Betty, and a son, Tyler. Barney then tells the gang that they are both actors he hired because his mother was dying and he thought it would make her happy to think he was married. When his mother recovered, Barney was stuck with the fake family. Marshall at first argues that Barney should tell his mother the truth because there shouldn't be secrets within families. After he discovers that Lily hates his mother, Marshall starts to think that some things are better left unsaid.
Ted and Betty begin to develop a connection, since they're both fascinated by theatre. Betty gives Ted some acting tips, after he reveals becoming an actor has always been a secret ambition of his. After dinner, Ted is caught kissing Betty, and Barney is forced to confront him in front of his mother, but the tables are turned when Ted starts using Betty's acting tips to improvise a story that Barney long ago stole his fiancée. Barney then finally tells his mother the truth, and she is relieved because she admits she hates Betty and Tyler. She really hates Tyler because he keeps saying, "Tyler no likey!," (the child actor's attempt to create a catchphrase for his character). After that moment, they share a hug and she tells him to make sure to go for it when he does meet the right girl. At that moment, Robin walks in and Barney looks at her as he tells his mother he will try. On the ride home, Ted and Betty are in one cab while Barney, Robin, Marshall and Lily are in another. Lily then fakes a conversation on her cell phone with Betty pretending to be Marshall's mother in order to make him think she's on good terms with his mother.
Critical response[edit]
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (May 2014)
The A.V. Club rated the episode A−.[1]
Cindy McLennan of Television Without Pity rated the episode with a grade B.[2]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Bowman, Donna (2009-03-02). ""Sorry, Bro" · How I Met Your Mother · TV Review How I Met Your Mother: "The Stinsons" · TV Club · The A.V. Club". Avclub.com. Retrieved 2015-12-25.
Jump up ^ Cindy McLennan (2009-03-02). "How I Met Your Mother: Get Back Home, Loretta". Television Without Pity. NBC Universal. p. 11. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
External links[edit]
"The Stinsons" on IMDb
"The Stinsons" at TV.com
[hide]
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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Stinsons&oldid=778608818"
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Honour thy father and thy mother
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Part of a series on
The Ten Commandments
Moses receiving the Ten commandments,
folio 422v of the Paris Psalter
I am the LORD thy God
No other gods before me
No graven images or likenesses
Not take the LORD's name in vain
Remember the sabbath day
Honour thy father and thy mother
Thou shalt not kill
Thou shalt not commit adultery
Thou shalt not steal
Thou shalt not bear false witness
Thou shalt not covet
Related articles
Tablets of Stone
Ritual Decalogue
Catholic theology
v
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"Honour thy father and thy mother" is one of the Ten Commandments in the Hebrew Bible. The commandment is generally regarded in Protestant and Jewish sources as the fifth in both the list in Exodus 20:1–21, and in Deuteronomy (Dvarim) 5:1–23. Catholics count this as the fourth.[1]
These commandments were enforced as law in many jurisdictions, and are still considered enforceable law by some.[2][3][4][5] Exodus 20, 1 describes the Ten Commandments as being spoken by God, inscribed on two stone tablets by the finger of God,[6] broken by Moses, and rewritten on replacement stones by the Lord.
Contents
[hide]
1 Hebrew Bible
2 Judaism
2.1 Historical beliefs
2.2 Precedence
2.3 Requirements
3 New Testament
4 Christian
4.1 Catholicism
4.2 Orthodox Church
4.3 Protestantism
5 Rewards for compliance
6 Consequences of disobedience
7 See also
8 References
9 Further reading
10 External links
Hebrew Bible[edit]
Honour your father and your mother, so that you may live long in the land the LORD your God is giving you.
—  Exodus 20:12 (NIV)
In the Torah, keeping this commandment was associated with individual benefit[7] and with the ability of the nation of Israel to remain in the land to which God was leading them.[8][9] Dishonouring parents by striking or cursing them was punishable by death[10] and so the clause "so that you may live long" could be interpreted as "so that you are not put to death". In the Talmud, the commandment to honour one's human parents is compared to honoring God.[11][12] According to the prophet Malachi, God makes the analogy himself:
"A son honours his father, and a servant his master. If I am a father, where is the honour due me? If I am a master, where is the respect due me?" says the LORD Almighty. "It is you, O priests, who show contempt for my name. But you ask, 'How have we shown contempt for your name?'"
—  Malachi 1:6 (NIV)
Judaism[edit]
What constitutes "honour?" One must provide them with food and drink and clothing. One should bring them home and take them out, and provide them with all their needs cheerfully.
—  Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 143:7
The commandment to honour one's human parents is compared to honouring God, for human owes his existence to his father and his mother.
...Honor the body that bore thee, and the breasts that gave thee suck, maintain thy parents, for thy parents took part in thy creation." For man owes his existence to God, to his father, and to his mother, in that he receives from each of his parents five of the parts of his body, and ten from God. The bones, the veins, the nails, the brain, and the white of the eye come from the father. The mother gives him skin, flesh, blood, hair, and the pupil of the eye. God gives him the following: breath, soul, light of countenance, sight, hearing, speech, touch, sense, insight, and understanding...but if people do not honor their parents, God say: "It is good that I do not dwell among men, or they would have treated Me superciliously, too."[13]
—  Legends of the Jews Vol. III
The Talmud says that since there are three partners in the creation of a person (God and two parents), honour showed to parents is the same as honour shown to God.[14] It also compares a number of similarly constructed passages from the Torah and concludes that honour toward parents and honour toward God are intentionally equated:
Our Rabbis taught: It says, 'Honour your father and your mother' (Exodus 20:12), and it says, 'Honor God with your wealth' (Proverbs 3:9). By using the same terminology, the Torah compares the honour you owe your father and mother to the honour you have to give to the Almighty. It also says, 'Every person must respect his mother and his father' (Leviticus 19:3), and it says, 'God your Lord you shall respect, Him you shall serve' (Deuteronomy 10:20). Here the same word, respect, is used. The Torah equates the respect you owe your parents with the respect you must show God. Furthermore it says, 'Whoever curses his father or mother shall be put to death' (Exodus 21:17). And furthermore it says, 'Anyone that curses God shall bear his sin' (Leviticus 24.–15). By using the same terms the Torah compares cursing of parents with cursing the Almighty.[15]
—  Talmud Kiddushin 31
Because honouring parents is part of honouring God, the mitzvah does not depend on the worthiness of the parent:"Even if his father is wicked and a sinner, he must fear and revere him ... A convert to Judaism must not curse or despise his non-Jewish father." (Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 143:13,25)
It also requires honour to one's stepparents[16][17] or an older sibling who is raising one,[18] and one's teachers,[19] though one has a greater obligation to honor a parent than a grandparent.[20]
The commandment is repeated eight times throughout the bible.[citation needed][21]
Historical beliefs[edit]
Keeping this commandment was associated by the Israelites with the ability of the nation of Israel to remain in the land to which God was leading them.[8][9] According to the Torah, striking or cursing one’s father or mother was punishable by immediate death.[22] In Deuteronomy, a procedure is described for parents to bring a persistently disobedient son to the city elders for death by stoning.[23]
Honouring one's parents is also described in the Torah as an analogue to honouring God.[24] According to the prophet Jeremiah, God refers to himself as Father to Israel,[25] and according to the prophet Isaiah, God refers to Israel as his sons and daughters.[26] According to the prophet Malachi, God calls for similar honour.[27]
According to Jeremiah, God blessed the descendants of Rechab[28] for obeying their forefather's command to not drink wine and uses the family as a counterexample to Israel's failure to obey his command to not worship other gods:
"Will you not learn a lesson and obey my words?" declares the LORD. "Jonadab son of Recab ordered his sons not to drink wine and this command has been kept. To this day they do not drink wine, because they obey their forefather's command. But I have spoken to you again and again, yet you have not obeyed me. Again and again I sent all my servants the prophets to you. They said, 'Each of you must turn from your wicked ways and reform your actions; do not follow other gods to serve them. Then you will live in the land I have given to you and your fathers.' But you have not paid attention or listened to me. The descendants of Jonadab son of Recab have carried out the command their forefather gave them, but these people have not obeyed me."
—  Jeremiah 35:12–16 (NIV)
Precedence[edit]
According to the Mishneh Torah this commandment requires one to honour both of one's parents equally; there is no greater weight given to either the father or the mother. While in some parts of scripture, father is stated first, in others, mother comes first. This shows that the honour due to each is equal.[29][30]
While Jewish teaching holds that a married woman must honour her husband, there are also guidelines for how she may continue to honour her parents:
It is the duty of both men and women to honour their parents. However, a married woman, who owes devotion to her husband, is exempt from the precept of honouring her parents. Yet, she is obliged to do for the parents, all she can, if her husband does not object.
—  Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 143:17
Requirements[edit]
The commandment requires one to obey one's parents when the command given by a parent is reasonable and permissible under Jewish law. For example, if a parent asks a child to bring him/her water, he/she must obey. Because honouring God is above all mitzvot, if a parent asks a child to break a law of the Torah, s/he must refuse to obey.[11][12]
Everything that your father says to you, you are obliged to obey. But if he says to you: "Let us bow down to idols", you must not obey him, lest you become an apostate.
—  Midrash, Yalkut Shimoni, Proverbs 960
I am the Lord your God, and both you and your parents are equally bound to honour Me, therefore, you must not hearken to them to disregard My word.
—  Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 143:15
A child is not required to obey if a parent says that s/he must marry a particular person, or must not marry a person s/he wishes to marry, provided the marriage is permissible by Jewish law.[31][32]
A child who is travelling has an obligation to communicate with his/her parents to let them know s/he is safe in order to prevent them from worrying.[33]
A child must continue to honour his/her parent after their deaths. This can be done by reciting kaddish for 11 months and on the yarzeit (anniversary of the parent's death), and by donating charity in the memory of the parent. The study of Torah is also considered to be reverence toward a parent, for it shows that a parent raised a worthy child.[34]
A child must never put a parent to shame, or speak arrogantly to a parent.[34] A person who is told to do something by his/her mother for which his father does not like the result is not permitted to tell his/her father that his/her mother said to do that. This is because this could lead to his/her father cursing his/her mother.[35] A child is not permitted to interrupt or contradict a parent, or to disturb a parent's sleep.[36]
New Testament[edit]
This section uncritically uses texts from within a religion or faith system without referring to secondary sources that critically analyze them. Please help improve this article by adding references to reliable secondary sources, with multiple points of view. (June 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Ruth honoured her widowed mother-in-law Naomi. Simeon Solomon, 1860.
In the gospels, Jesus affirmed the importance of honouring one's father and mother (Matthew 15:1–9, Matthew 19:17–19, Mark 10:17–19, Luke 18:18–21) Paul quotes the commandment in his letter to the church in Ephesus:
Children, obey your parents in the Lord, for this is right. "Honour your father and mother" (this is the first commandment with a promise), "that it may go well with you and that you may live long in the land." (Ephesians 6:1–2, ESV. See also Colossians 3:20)
—  Ephesians 6:1–2 (ESV)
In his letters to the Romans and Timothy, Paul describes disobedience to parents as a serious sin (Romans 1:29–31, 2 Timothy 3:2).
The words of Jesus and the teaching of Paul indicate that adult children remain obligated to honour their parents by providing for material needs. In the gospels, Jesus is portrayed as angry with some people who avoided materially providing for their parents by claiming the money they would have used was given to God (Matthew 15:3–8, Mark 7:9–12. In these passages, Jesus quotes Isaiah 29:13) According to the Gospel of John, when Jesus was on the cross, he provided for his natural mother by giving the Apostle John the charge to care for her, which John accepted.[37]
According to the gospel of Matthew, the obligation to honour one's parents is bounded by one's obligation to God: "Whoever loves father or mother more than me is not worthy of me." (Matthew 10:37 ESV) Such boundaries, and the primacy of the first commandment itself, lead scholars to conclude that honouring one's parents does not include breaking God's law (i.e., committing a sin) at the behest of a parent.[38][39]
Paul's instructions to Timothy regarding the physical care of widows include the following:
But if a widow has children or grandchildren, these should learn first of all to put their religion into practice by caring for their own family and so repaying their parents and grandparents, for this is pleasing to God.
—  1 Timothy 5:4 (NIV)
Christian[edit]
Catholicism[edit]
The import of honouring father and mother is based on the divine origin of the parental role:
The divine fatherhood is the source of human fatherhood. (Ephesians 3:14) This is the foundation of the honour owed to parents. ... It is required by God's commandment. (Exodus 20:12) Respect for parents (filial piety) derives from gratitude toward those who, by the gift of life, their love and their work, have brought their children into the world and enabled them to grow in stature, wisdom, and grace.[40]
According to the teachings of the Catholic Church, the commandment to honour father and mother reveals God's desired order of charity – first God, then parents, then others.[41] Keeping the commandment to honour father and mother brings both spiritual and temporal rewards of peace and prosperity, while failure to honor parents harms the individual as well as society.[42] The pervasive societal effect of obedience or disobedience to this command is attributed to the status of the family as the fundamental building block of society:
The family is the original cell of social life. ...Authority, stability, and a life of relationships within the family constitute the foundations for freedom, security, and fraternity within society. The family is the community in which, from childhood, one can learn moral values, begin to honour God, and make good use of freedom. Family life is an initiation into life in society.[43]
The Gospel of Luke notes that, as a child, Jesus was obedient to his earthly parents. For a child in the home, the commandment to honour parents is comprehensive, excluding immoral actions. Grown children, while not obligated to obedience in the same way, should continue to afford respect for parental wishes, advice and teaching.[44] "Filial respect is shown by true docility and obedience. 'My son, keep your father's commandment, and forsake not your mother's teaching. ... When you walk, they will lead you; when you lie down, they will watch over you...'" (Proverbs 6:20–22)[45]
The Church teaches that adult children have a duty to honour their parents by providing "material and moral support in old age and in times of illness, loneliness, or distress".[46] This honour should be based on the son or daughter's gratitude for the life, love and effort given by the parents and motivated by the desire to pay them back in some measure.[47]
The principle of the commandment is extended to the duty to honour others in direct authority, such as teachers, and employers.[48] The commandment to honour father and mother also forms a basis for charity to others when each person is seen, ultimately, as "a son or daughter of the One who wants to be called 'our Father'."[49] Thus, charitable actions are viewed as extensions of the honour owed to the heavenly Father.
Orthodox Church[edit]
Father Seraphim Stephens sees "Honor" defined as "Love and Respect", and notes that this commandment is positioned between those that address one's obligations to God and those that relate to how one treats others. "It clearly lays the foundation of our relationship to God and to all other people."[50] Richard D. Andrews points out that, "Every time we do something good, just, pure, holy, we bring honor to our parents."[51]
Protestantism[edit]
John Calvin describes the sacred origin of the role of human father (which thus demands honour). The analogy between the honour of parents and the honour of God himself is further strengthened by this understanding that earthly fatherhood is derived from God's Fatherhood. Thus the duty to honour does not depend on whether the parent is particularly worthy. However, Calvin acknowledges that some fathers are outright wicked and emphasizes there is no excuse for sin in the name of honouring a parent, calling the notion "absurd".[52]
Since, therefore, the name of Father is a sacred one, and is transferred to men by the peculiar goodness of God, the dishonouring of parents redounds to the dishonour of God Himself, nor can any one despise his father without being guilty of an offence against God, (sacrilegium.) If any should object that there are many ungodly and wicked fathers whom their children cannot regard with honour without destroying the distinction between good and evil, the reply is easy, that the perpetual law of nature is not subverted by the sins of men; and therefore, however unworthy of honour a father may be, that he still retains, inasmuch as he is a father, his right over his children, provided it does not in anywise derogate from the judgement of God; for it is too absurd to think of absolving under any pretext the sins which are condemned by His Law; nay, it would be a base profanation to misuse the name of father for the covering of sins.[53]
—  John Calvin, commentary on Exodus 20:12 and Deuteronomy 5:16
The commentary of John Wesley on the commandment to honour father and mother is consistent with the interpretation in the Catechism of the Catholic Church. He summarizes the actions that express honour as follows: 1. An inward esteem of them, outwardly expressed, 2. Obedience to their lawful commands (Ephesians 6:1–3), 3. Submission to their rebukes, instructions and corrections, 4. Acting with consideration of parental advice, direction and consent, 5. Giving comfort and providing for physical needs of aged parents.[54][55] Like the Catechism, Wesley also teaches that the commandment includes honouring others in legitimate secular authority. He also encourages people toward honour of those in spiritual leadership with the question, "Have ye all obeyed them that watch over your souls, and esteemed them highly in love for their work's sake?" This question is reminiscent of Paul's statements to the church in Galatia and to Timothy.[56]
Matthew Henry explains that the commandment to honour father and mother applies not only to biological parents but also to those who fulfill the role of mother or father. He uses the example of Esther honouring her guardian and cousin Mordecai:
Mordecai being Esther's guardian or pro-parent, we are told ... How respectful she was to him. Though in relation she was his equal, yet, being in age and dependence his inferior, she honoured him as her father—did his commandment, v. 20. This is an example to orphans; if they fall into the hands of those who love them and take care of them, let them make suitable returns of duty and affection. The less obliged their guardians were in duty to provide for them the more obliged they are in gratitude to honour and obey their guardians.[57]
—  Matthew Henry, commentary on Esther 2
Esther and Mordecai writing the second letter of Purim. Arent de Gelder, ca. 1685. Oil on canvas, RISD Museum of Art, Providence RI
The commandment itself encourages obedience "so that you may enjoy long life and that it may go well with you".[58] Henry, Wesley and Calvin affirm the applicability of this promise for all who keep the commandment, though each notes that for the New Testament Christian, the promise may be fulfilled as earthly rewards and/or heavenly rewards, as God sees fit in his wisdom and love for the individual.
In his commentary, Calvin notes the harsh consequences required in Exodus and Leviticus for specific failures to keep the commandment. Those who struck or cursed a parent were to be sentenced to death.[59] Persistently disobedient sons were to be brought before the city elders and stoned by the whole community if the parents' testimony was judged to be accurate.[60] Calvin writes that God knew capital punishment for these offences would seem harsh and be difficult to pronounce, even for those responsible for adjudicating the situation. This is why, he argues, the text specifically places responsibility for the consequences on the offender. The severity of the sentence emphasized the importance of removing such behaviour from the community and deterring others who might imitate it.[61]
Although Calvin refers mostly to fathers in his commentary on the commandment to honour father and mother, he writes near the beginning that the commandment mentions both parents on purpose.[53] As described above, Proverbs supports the value of guidance from both father and mother,[62] and Paul specified that children should provide for their own widowed mothers and grandmothers, “which is pleasing to God.”[63]
Just as "honor" involves offering profound respect, the opposite of honoring someone is to trivialize him, as if of no importance.[37]
Respect is not something based solely on personal or professional qualifications, but also on the position that God has given that person. In 1 Samuel 26 David spares Saul’s life, even at the risk of losing his own, submitting to the authority God had placed over him as anointed king.[37]
Rewards for compliance[edit]
This commandment is distinct from the others in that a promise is attached to it: "...so that you may live long in the land the Lord your God is giving you."[64] Deuteronomy 5:16 amplifies this: "...that your days may be prolonged, and that it may be well with you, in the land which the Lord your God is giving you." [65]
Consequences of disobedience[edit]
As with most terms of the covenant between God and Israel, there are consequences for disobedience as well as rewards for obedience:
Just as the reward for honouring father and mother is very great, the punishment for transgressing it is very great. And the one who afflicts his parents causes the shechinah [presence of God] to separate from him and harsh decrees fall upon him and he is given many sufferings. And even if life smiles on him in this life, he will surely be punished in the World to Come.
—  Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 143:4
See also[edit]
Biblical law in Christianity
Filial piety
Pietas
References[edit]
Jump up ^ ‘’Ten Commandments,’’ New Bible Dictionary, Second Edition, Tyndale House, 1982 pp. 1174–1175
Jump up ^ Posner, Richard A., How Judges Think, Harvard University Press, 2008, p. 322
Jump up ^ Bromiley, Geoffrey W., The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, 1988, p. 117
Jump up ^ Williams, J. Rodman. Renewal theology: systematic theology from a charismatic perspective, 1996 p. 240
Jump up ^ Jersild, Paul T., Making moral decisions: a Christian approach to personal and social ethics, 1991, p. 24
Jump up ^ Catechism of the Catholic Church, §2056, 2003, Doubleday Religion, ISBN 0-385-50819-0
Jump up ^ Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary on Exodus 20:12 read online and on Ephesians 6:1–4 read online (both accessed 31 August 2009).
^ Jump up to: a b Commentary on Exodus 20:12, The Jewish Study Bible: Tanakh Translation, Berlin, Adele; Brettler, Marc Zvi, and Fishbane, Michael, eds. Oxford University Press. 2004 ISBN 0-19-529751-2.
^ Jump up to: a b See also Deuteronomy 6:3–4
Jump up ^ Exodus 21:15,17, Leviticus 20:9. See also Deuteronomy 27:16 and Proverbs 20:20.
^ Jump up to: a b Mishneh Torah, Shoftim, Mamrim 6:1
^ Jump up to: a b Kitzor Shulchan Aruch Yoreh Deah 143:1
Jump up ^ Ginzberg, Louis (1909). The Legends of the Jews Vol III : The Other Commandments Revealed On Sinai (Translated by Henrietta Szold) Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society.
Jump up ^ Talmud Kiddushin 31
Jump up ^ (see also Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 143:1 and Sefer Maalot ha Middot)
Jump up ^ Mishneh Torah, Shoftim, Mamrim 6:17
Jump up ^ Kitzor Shulchan Aruch Yoreh Deah 143:19
Jump up ^ Plaut, W. Gunther and Stein, David E. The Torah: A Modern Commentary (p. 504) 2005 (revised). Union for Reformed Judaism ISBN 0-8074-0883-2 view on Google Books
Jump up ^ Rossel, Seymour. The Torah: Portion by Portion (p. 298) 2007. Torah Aura Productions. ISBN 1-891662-94-5 view on Google Books
Jump up ^ Isaacs, Ronald H. The Jewish Book of Etiquette (p. 133) 1998. Jason Aronson. ISBN 0-7657-5995-0 view on Google Books
Jump up ^ Exodus 21:11; Deuteronomy 5:16; Leviticus 19:3;
Jump up ^ Exodus 21:15,17, Leviticus 20:9. See also Deuteronomy 27:16 and Proverbs 20:20.
Jump up ^ Deuteronomy 21:18–21. Note that the reference to the son being a drunkard would suggest that he is not a small child.
Jump up ^ Commentary on Exodus 20:12, The Jewish Study Bible: Tanakh Translation
Jump up ^ Jeremiah 31:9
Jump up ^ Isaiah 43:6
Jump up ^ Malachi 1:6 (NIV)
Jump up ^ This family is first introduced in 2 Kings 10:15–31
Jump up ^ Mishneh Torah, Shoftim, Mamrim 6:2
Jump up ^ Shulchan Aruch Yoreh Deah 240:14
Jump up ^ Isaacs, The Jewish Book of Etiquette (p. 132)
Jump up ^ Donin, Hayim Halevy. To be a Jew: A Guide to Jewish Observance in Contemporary Life. (p. 129) 1991 Basic Books. ISBN 0-465-08632-2 view on Google Books
Jump up ^ Sefer Chassidim 542 in Finkel, Avraham Yaakov. 1997 Sefer Chasidim: The Book of the Pious Jason Aaronson ISBN 1-56821-920-2
^ Jump up to: a b Donin, p. 129.
Jump up ^ Isaacs, pp. 134–135.
Jump up ^ The Little Midrash Says, Volume III, The Book of Vayikra, by M. Weissman, C 1988, page 165
^ Jump up to: a b c "Honor your father and mother", The Ethics and Religious Liberty Commission of the Southern Baptist Convention
Jump up ^ Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary on Exodus 20:12–17 read online (accessed 31 August 2009)
Jump up ^ NIV Study Bible. 1999. Zondervan. Note on Colossians 3:20 with reference to Acts 5:29
Jump up ^ CCC §§2214–2215.
Jump up ^ CCC §2197.
Jump up ^ CCC §2200.
Jump up ^ CCC §2207.
Jump up ^ CCC §2217.
Jump up ^ CCC §2216.
Jump up ^ CCC §2218.
Jump up ^ CCC §2215.
Jump up ^ CCC §2199.
Jump up ^ CCC §2212.
Jump up ^ Stephens, Seraphim. "Honor thy Father and thy Mother", Orthodox America, 1996
Jump up ^ Andrews, Richard Demetrius. "Honor thy Father and Mother", Orthodoxy Today, June 2, 2007
Jump up ^ Calvin, John. Harmony of the Law, Part III, Commentary on Exodus 20:12 and Deuteronomy 5:16 read online
^ Jump up to: a b Calvin, John. Harmony of the Law, Part III. Commentary on Exodus 20:12 and Deuteronomy 5:16 read online
Jump up ^ Wesley, John. Notes on the Bible: Notes on the Second Book of Moses, commentary on Exodus 20:12 read online
Jump up ^ see also Matthew Henry's Commentary on the Whole Bible, comments on Exodus 20:12 read online
Jump up ^ Galatians 6:6 and 1 Timothy 5:17–18
Jump up ^ Matthew Henry's Commentary on Esther Chapter 2 read online
Jump up ^ Deuteronomy 5:16
Jump up ^ Exodus 21:15,17 and Leviticus 20:9
Jump up ^ Deuteronomy 21:18–21
Jump up ^ Calvin, John. Harmony of the Law, Part III. Commentary on Exodus 21:15, 17 and Leviticus 20:9 read online
Jump up ^ Proverbs 6:20–22
Jump up ^ 1 Timothy 5:4
Jump up ^ Plaut and Stein,The Torah: A Modern Commentary(p. 504)
Jump up ^ Kioulachoglou, Anastasios. "Honor your father and mother", Journal of Bible Accuracy
Further reading[edit]
U.S. Catholic Church. Catechism of the Catholic Church, 2003, Doubleday Religion, ISBN 0-385-50819-0 (accessed 1 September 2009)
External links[edit]
Wikisource has original text related to this article:
Laws of honoring parents in the Shulchan Aruch
A compilation of Jewish theology regarding the commandment to honor father and mother
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