text:
Demographics of British Columbia
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See also: Demographics of Canada
Map of British Columbia regional districts with population density.
Population of British Columbia (2016): 4,648,055
Percentage of National Population: 13.2% (unchanged)
Population Growth Rate: 5.6%
Contents
[hide]
1 Vital statistics
1.1 Population of British Columbia since 1851
2 Age structure
3 Ethnicity
3.1 Indo-Canadians
4 Visible minorities and Aboriginal Peoples
5 Religions
6 Languages
7 See also
8 References
Vital statistics[edit]
Birth rate: 1.2 births per 1,000 [1] (Canadian average ≈ 11)
Death rate: 2.3 deaths per 1,000
Infant mortality rate: 4.0 deaths per 1,000 live births [2]
Life expectancy at birth: 81.12 years[3]
Total fertility rate: 1.4 children born per woman [4] (Canadian average = 1.61)
Population of British Columbia since 1851[edit]
Population of British Columbia from 1851 to 2011
Year
Population
Five year
% change
Ten year
% change
Rank among
provinces
1851 55,000 n/a n/a n/a
1861 51,524 n/a -6.3 n/a
1871 36,247 n/a -29.7 7
1881 49,459 n/a 36.4 8
1891 98,173 n/a 98.5 8
1901 178,657 n/a 82.0 6
1911 392,480 n/a 119.7 6
1921 524,582 n/a 33.7 6
1931 694,263 n/a 32.3 6
1941 817,861 n/a 17.8 4
1951 1,165,210 n/a 42.5 3
1956 1,398,464 20.0 n/a 3
1961 1,629,082 16.5 39.8 3
1966 1,873,674 15.0 34.0 3
1971 2,184,620 16.6 34.1 3
1976 2,466,610 12.9 31.6 3
1981 2,744,467 11.3 25.6 3
1986 2,883,370 5.1 16.9 3
1991 3,282,061 13.8 19.6 3
1996 3,724,500 13.5 29.2 3
2001 3,907,738 4.9 19.1 3
2006 4,113,487 5.4 10.4 3
2011 4,400,057 7.0 12.6 3
2016 4,648,055 5.6 13.0 3
Source: Statistics Canada[5]
Age structure[edit]
Males
Females
Age
Group Number Percent Number Percent
0-4 105,808 2.4% 100,116 2.2%
5-9 117,909 2.8% 111,383 2.6%
10-14 133,809 3.1% 126,388 3.0%
15-19 143,449 3.4% 136,227 3.2%
20-24 155,369 3.7% 147,770 3.5%
25-29 139,521 3.3% 138,299 3.3%
30-34 144,788 3.4% 145,869 3.4%
35-39 155,429 3.7% 158,364 3.7%
40-44 177,381 4.2% 179,216 4.2%
45-49 172,786 4.1% 177,082 4.2%
50-54 157,596 3.7% 159,965 3.8%
55-59 138,096 3.2% 139,772 3.3%
60-64 101,610 2.4% 103,764 2.4%
65-69 80,051 1.9% 82,363 1.9%
70-74 70,060 1.6% 72,493 1.7%
75-79 54,572 1.3% 64,344 1.5%
80-84 36,304 0.8% 53,047 1.2%
85+ 24,544 0.6% 48,978 1.1%
Totals 2,109,082 49.6% 2,145,440 50.4%
Source: BCStats[6]
Ethnicity[edit]
British Columbia has a very diverse ethnic population, with a large number of immigrants having lived in the province for 30 years or less. First-generation immigrants from the British Isles remain a strong component of local society despite limitations on immigration from Britain since the ending of special status for British subjects in the 1960s. Also present in large numbers relative to other cities in Canada (except Toronto), and also present in BC ever since the province was first settled (unlike Toronto), are many European ethnicities of the first and second generation, notably Germans, Ukrainians, Scandinavians, Yugoslavs and Italians; third-generation Europeans are generally of mixed lineage, and traditionally intermarried with other ethnic groups more than in any other Canadian province. The percentages add to more than 100% because of dual responses (e.g. "French-Canadian" generates an entry in both the category "French" and the category "Canadian"). In recent decades, the proportion of those of Chinese ethnicity has risen sharply, though still outnumbered by the historically-strong population of those of German ancestry. Visible minorities have become an important factor in ethnic-based politics, though most visible minorities are less numerous than the long-standing non-British European ethnicities making up BC's "invisible minorities".
Further information: Statistics Canada. "Population by selected ethnic origins, by province and territory (2006 Census) (British Columbia)"[7]
Note: The following statistics represent both single (e.g., "German") and multiple (e.g., "part Chinese, part English") responses to the 2006 Census, and thus do not add up to 100%.
Ethnic Origin
Population
Percent
English 1,207,245 29.63%
Scottish 828,145 20.32%
Canadian 720,200 17.67%
Irish 618,120 15.17%
German 561,570 13.78%
Chinese 432,435 10.60%
French 361,215 8.86%
Indian 232,370 5.70%
Ukrainian 197,265 4.84%
Dutch (Netherlands) 196,420 4.82%
North American Indian 193,060 4.74%
Italian 143,155 3.51%
Norwegian 129,420 3.18%
Polish 128,360 3.15%
Russian 114,105 2.80%
Welsh 104,275 2.56%
Swedish 104,025 2.55%
Source: Statistics Canada[8]
Indo-Canadians[edit]
Main article: Indo-Canadians in British Columbia
Visible minorities and Aboriginal Peoples[edit]
Note: Statistics Canada defines visible minorities as defined in the Employment Equity Act which defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour".
Visible minority and Aboriginal population (Canada 2016 Census)
Population group
Population
% of total population
European 2,908,420 7001638000000000000♠63.8%
Visible minority group
Source:[9] South Asian 365,705 7000800000000000000♠8%
Chinese 508,480 7001112000000000000♠11.2%
Black 43,500 7000100000000000000♠1%
Filipino 145,025 7000320000000000000♠3.2%
Latin American 44,115 7000100000000000000♠1%
Arab 19,840 6999400000000000000♠0.4%
Southeast Asian 54,920 7000120000000000000♠1.2%
West Asian 48,695 7000110000000000000♠1.1%
Korean 60,495 7000130000000000000♠1.3%
Japanese 41,230 6999900000000000000♠0.9%
Visible minority, n.i.e. 8,760 6999200000000000000♠0.2%
Multiple visible minority 40,465 6999900000000000000♠0.9%
Total visible minority population 1,381,235 7001303000000000000♠30.3%
Aboriginal group
Source:[10] First Nations 172,520 7000380000000000000♠3.8%
Métis 89,405 7000200000000000000♠2%
Inuit 1,610 5000000000000000000♠0%
Aboriginal, n.i.e. 2,695 6999100000000000000♠0.1%
Multiple Aboriginal identity 4,350 6999100000000000000♠0.1%
Total Aboriginal population 270,585 7000590000000000000♠5.9%
Total population 4,560,240 100%
Religions[edit]
Religion in British Columbia in 2001.
Population by religion, Canada and BC
(2001 Census)
Canada
B.C.
number % number %
Total population 29,639,035 3,868,875
No religious affiliation 4,900,090 17% 1,388,300 36%
Protestant 8,654,850 29% 1,213,295 31%
Catholic 12,936,905 44% 675,320 17%
Christian not included elsewhere 780,450 3% 200,345 5%
Sikh 278,410 1% 135,310 3%
Buddhist 300,345 1% 85,540 2%
Muslim 579,640 2% 56,220 1%
Christian Orthodox 479,620 2% 35,655 1%
Hindu 297,200 1% 31,500 1%
Jewish 329,995 1% 21,230 1%
Eastern religions 37,550 0% 9,970 0%
Other religions 63,975 0% 16,205 0%
Source: Statistics Canada 2001 Census
http://www40.statcan.ca/l01/cst01/demo30c.htm
Languages[edit]
Language(s) first learned and still understood
Total
%
Male
Female
English only 2,825,780 73.03% 1,403,230 1,422,545
French only 54,405 1.41% 27,340 27,060
Both English and French 6,784 0.18% 3,360 3,452
Other languages 981,910 25.38% 470,145 511,765
Source: Statistics Canada 2001 Census
See also[edit]
BC
AB
SK
MB
ON
QC
NB
PE
NS
NL
YT
NT
NU
Demographics of Canada's provinces and territories
Demographics of Canada
List of Canadian provinces and territories by population
Demographics of Vancouver
Demographics of Abbotsford, British Columbia
References[edit]
Jump up ^ BC's birth rate, teen births lowest in Pacific Northwest — Sightline Institute
Jump up ^ 25_imr.FH10
Jump up ^ http://www.bcstats.gov.bc.ca/DATA/pop/vital/exp0_bc.csv
Jump up ^ Northwest's birth rate, teen births hit record lows — Sightline Institute
Jump up ^ Statistics Canada - Population
Jump up ^ http://www.bcstats.gov.bc.ca/data/pop/pop/dynamic/PopulationStatistics/Query.asp?category=Health&type=HA&topic=Estimates&agegrouptype=Standard&subtype=&region=0&year=2005&agegroup=5-year&gender=a&rowsperpage=50000&output=file
Jump up ^ Population by selected ethnic origins, by province and territory (2006 Census) (British Columbia)
Jump up ^ 2001 Canadian Census Archived 2006-06-26 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ [1], Community Profiles from the 2006 Census, Statistics Canada - Province/Territory
Jump up ^ [2], Aboriginal Population Profile from the 2006 Census, Statistics Canada - Province/Territory
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text:
Free Trade Area of the Americas
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
The Free Trade Area of the Americas logo
The Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA; Spanish: Área de Libre Comercio de las Américas, ALCA; French: Zone de libre-échange des Amériques, ZLÉA; Portuguese: Área de Livre Comércio das Américas, ALCA; Dutch: Vrijhandelszone van Amerika) was a proposed agreement to eliminate or reduce the trade barriers among all countries in the Americas, excluding Cuba.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
1.1 Beginning
1.2 Disagreements
1.3 Current status
2 Membership
3 Support and opposition
4 Agreements
4.1 Previous agreements
4.2 Current agreements
4.3 Proposed agreements
5 Security pacts
6 See also
7 References
8 External links
History[edit]
In the latest round of negotiations, trade ministers from 34 countries met in Miami, Florida, in the United States, in November 2003 to discuss the proposal.[1] The proposed agreement was an extension of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) between Canada, Mexico, and the United States. Opposing the proposal were Cuba, Venezuela, Bolivia, Ecuador, Dominica, and Nicaragua (all of which entered the Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas in response), and Mercosur member states. Discussions have faltered over similar points as the Doha Development Round of World Trade Organization (WTO) talks; developed nations seek expanded trade in services and increased intellectual property rights, while less developed nations seek an end to agricultural subsidies and free trade in agricultural goods. Similar to the WTO talks, Brazil has taken a leadership role among the less developed nations, while the United States has taken a similar role for the developed nations.
Beginning[edit]
Free Trade Area of the Americas began with the Summit of the Americas in Miami, Florida, on December 11, 1994, but the FTAA came to public attention during the Quebec City Summit of the Americas, held in Canada in 2001, a meeting targeted by massive anti-corporatization and anti-globalization protests. The Miami negotiations in 2003 met similar protests, though perhaps not as large.
Disagreements[edit]
In previous negotiations, the United States had pushed for a single comprehensive agreement to reduce trade barriers for goods, while increasing intellectual property protection. Specific intellectual property protections could include Digital Millennium Copyright Act-style copyright protections similar to the U.S.-Australia Free Trade Agreement. Another protection would likely restrict the reimportation or cross-importation of pharmaceuticals, similar to the proposed agreement between the United States and Canada. Brazil proposed a three-track approach that calls for a series of bilateral agreements to reduce specific tariffs on goods, a hemispheric pact on rules of origin, and a dispute resolution process; Brazil proposed to omit the more controversial issues from the FTAA, leaving them to the WTO.
The location of the FTAA Secretariat was to have been determined in 2005. The contending cities are: Atlanta, Chicago, Galveston, Houston, San Juan, and Miami in the United States; Cancún and Puebla in Mexico; Panama City, Panama; and Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago. The U.S. city of Colorado Springs also submitted its candidacy in the early days but subsequently withdrew.[2] Miami, Panama City and Puebla served successively as interim secretariat headquarters during the negotiation process.
The last summit was held at Mar del Plata, Argentina, in November 2005, but no agreement on FTAA was reached. Of the 34 countries present at the negotiations, 26 pledged to meet again in 2006 to resume negotiations, but no such meeting took place. The failure of the Mar del Plata summit to establish a comprehensive FTAA agenda augured poorly.
Current status[edit]
This article needs to be updated. Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (July 2016)
The FTAA missed the targeted deadline of 2005, which followed the stalling of useful negotiations of the World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2005.[3] Over the next few years, some governments, most notably the United States, not wanting to lose any chance of hemispheric trade expansion moved in the direction of establishing a series of bilateral trade deals. The leaders however, planned further discussions at the Sixth Summit of the Americas in Cartagena, Colombia, in 2012.[4][5]
Membership[edit]
The following countries are in the plans of the Free Trade Area of the Americas:[6]
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Bolivia
Brazil
Canada
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
Grenada
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Mexico
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
United States
Uruguay
Venezuela
Support and opposition[edit]
A vocal critic of the FTAA was Venezuelan president Hugo Chávez, who has described it as an "annexation plan" and a "tool of imperialism" for the exploitation of Latin America.[7] As a counterproposal to this initiative, Chávez promoted the Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas (Alianza Bolivariana para las Américas, ALBA), based mostly on the model of the Eurasian Economic Community, which emphasizes energy and infrastructure agreements that are gradually extended to other areas finally to include the total economic, political and military integration of the member states.[7] Evo Morales of Bolivia has referred to the U.S.-backed Free Trade Area of the Americas, as "an agreement to legalize the colonization of the Americas".[8]
On the other hand, the then presidents of Brazil, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, and Argentina, Néstor Kirchner, have stated that they do not oppose the FTAA but they do demand that the agreement provide for the elimination of U.S. agriculture subsidies, the provision of effective access to foreign markets and further consideration towards the needs and sensibilities of its members.[9]
One of the most contentious issues of the treaty proposed by the United States is with concerns to patents and copyrights. Critics claim that if the measures proposed by the United States were implemented and applied this would reduce scientific research in Latin America. On the left-wing Council of Canadians web site, Barlow wrote: "This agreement sets enforceable global rules on patents, copyrights and trademark. It has gone far beyond its initial scope of protecting original inventions or cultural products and now permits the practice of patenting plants and animal forms as well as seeds. It promotes the private rights of corporations over local communities and their genetic heritage and traditional medicines".[10]
On the weekend of April 20, 2001, the 3rd Summit of the Americas was a summit held in Quebec City, Canada. This international meeting was a round of negotiations regarding a proposed FTAA.
Agreements[edit]
There are currently 34 countries in the Western Hemisphere, stretching from Canada to Chile that still have the FTAA as a long term goal.[11] The Implementation of a full multilateral FTAA between all parties could be made possible by enlargement of existing agreements. North America, with the exception of Cuba and Haiti (which has participated in economic integration with the Caricom since 2002)[12][13] has come close to setting up a subcontinental free trade area. At this point Agreements within the Area of the Americas include:
Previous agreements[edit]
Canada: Canada–United States Free Trade Agreement (1988; superseded by the NAFTA)
Costa Rica- Dominican Republic (superseded by DR-CAFTA)
Costa Rica- Trinidad and Tobago (superseded by a Costa Rica - CARICOM FTA).
Current agreements[edit]
Canada, Mexico and United States: North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA; 1994)
Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Dominican Republic and United States: Dominican Republic–Central America Free Trade Agreement (DR-CAFTA; 2008)
Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru: Pacific Alliance (2012)
Chile–United States Free Trade Agreement (2004)
Peru–United States Trade Promotion Agreement (2007)
United States–Colombia Free Trade Agreement (2011)
Panama–United States Trade Promotion Agreement (2011)
Bolivia - Mexico
Canada - Chile
Canada - Colombia
Canada - Costa Rica
Canada - Honduras
Canada - Panama
Canada - Peru
Chile - Mexico
Chile - Costa Rica
Costa Rica - Mexico
Costa Rica - CARICOM
Mexico - Nicaragua
Mexico - Uruguay
Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and Venezuela - Mercosur (1991)
Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru - Andean Community (1969)
Proposed agreements[edit]
Active negotiations
Canada-CARICOM:[14]
Canada-Central America (CA4TA - Guatemala, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Honduras)[15]
Canada-Mexico-Peru-Chile [among other Pacific nations]: Trans-Pacific Partnership
Negotiations on hold
CARICOM-Mercosur:[16]
United States-Ecuador: U.S.-Ecuador Free Trade Agreement
CARICOM-North American Free Trade Agreement, first discussed in 1993–1994[17]
Security pacts[edit]
United States-Central America-Mexico (Mérida Initiative)[needs update]
United States-CARICOM-Dominican Republic (Partnership for Prosperity and Security in the Caribbean[needs update]
See also[edit]
Miami model
Pacific Alliance
Protection of Broadcasts and Broadcasting Organizations Treaty
Transatlantic Free Trade Area (TAFTA)
Community of Latin American and Caribbean States[18][19][20][21][22]
Union of South American Nations
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "ALCA - FTAA - ZLEA - Ministerial Declaration - Miami 2003". Ftaa-alca.org. Retrieved 2013-08-15.
Jump up ^ "ALCA - FTAA - ZLEA - Candidate Cities for the Permanent Site of the FTAA Secretariat". Ftaa-alca.org. Retrieved 2013-08-15.
Jump up ^ [1][dead link]
Jump up ^ [2][dead link]
Jump up ^ "About AFSC | American Friends Service Committee". Afsc.org. Retrieved 2013-08-15.
Jump up ^ "ALCA - FTAA - ZLEA - Links to FTAA Countries". Ftaa-alca.org. Retrieved 2013-08-15.
^ Jump up to: a b "Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America (ALBA)". Crwflags.com. Retrieved 2013-08-15.
Jump up ^ "An Interview with Evo Morales (12/08/03)". Upsidedownworld.org. 2005-10-16. Retrieved 2013-08-15.
Jump up ^ Gill, Nathan. "April 2008". Southern Affairs. Retrieved 2013-08-15.
Jump up ^ "Council of Canadians: Campaigns: Trade and Investment: Publications: The Free Trade Area of the Americas by Maude Barlow". Ratical.org. Retrieved 2013-08-15.
Jump up ^ "Free Trade Area of Americas (FTAA)". Actrav.itcilo.org. 1997-05-16. Retrieved 2013-08-15.
Jump up ^ "Haiti". Caricom.org. Archived from the original on 2014-02-14. Retrieved 2013-08-15.
Jump up ^ Maroday, Patricia (15 August 2014). "Infographic: The Ultimate Map Of Tax Free Zones In Latin America". Mercatrade. Archived from the original on 20 December 2014. Retrieved 15 January 2015.
Jump up ^ [3] Archived May 20, 2011, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ [4] Archived May 20, 2011, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ [5] Archived April 17, 2011, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "Caricom And Nafta". Silvertorch.com. Retrieved 2015-09-20.
Jump up ^ "Brazil: More Power to Quilombos". Brazzilmag.com. 2004-08-25. Archived from the original on 2015-11-17. Retrieved 2015-09-20.
Jump up ^ Goodman, Joshua (2008-12-15). "Bush Excluded by Latin Summit as China, Russia Loom (Update1)". Bloomberg. Retrieved 2015-09-20.
Jump up ^ [6][dead link]
Jump up ^ [7][dead link]
Jump up ^ [8]
External links[edit]
This article's use of external links may not follow Wikipedia's policies or guidelines. Please improve this article by removing excessive or inappropriate external links, and converting useful links where appropriate into footnote references. (September 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
The Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA) process - official home page
Comparing the official agreement and alternative visions
The Rise of the New Global Elite - Statements of the former five-term Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan
Plutonomy and Democracy does not mix - YOUTUBE video by Bill Moyers
Chilean and Foreign Policy
Chilean and Foreign Policy
Mit.edu
Harvard.edu
Hemisphere Summit Marred by Violent Anti-Bush Protests by Larry Rohter, The New York Times, November 5, 2005
FTAA Delayed, Not Over. By Eric Farnsworth, Council of the Americas, December 2005
Whither the FTAA? (November 10, 2005), Guyana Chronicle Newspaper
Canada, Chile thwart U.S.–Brazilian plan, The Washington Times (washtimes.com AP)
Myths of the FTAA, FoodFirst.org Institute for Food and Development Policy
Why say no to FTAA, bilaterals.org
The Free Trade Area of the Americas and the Threat to Social Programs, Environmental Sustainability and Social Justice in Canada and the Americas
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