Question: What is Updating Configuration via a ConfigMap?

Answer: Updating Configuration via a ConfigMapThis page provides a step-by-step example of updating configuration within a Pod via a ConfigMap and builds upon the Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap task.At the end of this tutorial, you will understand how to change the configuration for a running application.This tutorial uses the alpine and nginx images as examples.Before you beginYou need to have a Kubernetes cluster, and the kubectl command-line tool must be configured to communicate with your cluster. It is recommended to run this tutorial on a cluster with at least two nodes that are not acting as control plane hosts. If you do not already have a cluster, you can create one by using minikube or you can use one of these Kubernetes playgrounds:iximiuz LabsKillercodaKodeKloudPlay with KubernetesYou need to have the curl command-line tool for making HTTP requests from the terminal or command prompt. If you do not have curl available, you can install it. Check the documentation for your local operating system.ObjectivesUpdate configuration via a ConfigMap mounted as a VolumeUpdate environment variables of a Pod via a ConfigMapUpdate configuration via a ConfigMap in a multi-container PodUpdate configuration via a ConfigMap in a Pod possessing a Sidecar ContainerUpdate configuration via a ConfigMap mounted as a VolumeUse the kubectl create configmap command to create a ConfigMap from literal values:kubectl create configmap sport --from-literal=sport=football Below is an example of a Deployment manifest with the ConfigMap sport mounted as a volume into the Pod's only container.deployments/deployment-with-configmap-as-volume.yaml apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: configmap-volume labels: app.kubernetes.io/name: configmap-volume spec: replicas: 3 selector: matchLabels: app.kubernetes.io/name: configmap-volume template: metadata: labels: app.kubernetes.io/name: configmap-volume spec: containers: - name: alpine image: alpine:3 command: - /bin/sh - -c - while true; do echo "$(date) My preferred sport is $(cat /etc/config/sport)"; sleep 10; done; ports: - containerPort: 80 volumeMounts: - name: config-volume mountPath: /etc/config volumes: - name: config-volume configMap: name: sportCreate the Deployment:kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/deployments/deployment-with-configmap-as-volume.yaml Check the pods for this Deployment to ensure they are ready (matching by selector):kubectl get pods --selector=app.kubernetes.io/name=configmap-volume You should see an output similar to:NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE configmap-volume-6b976dfdcf-qxvbm 1/1 Running 0 72s configmap-volume-6b976dfdcf-skpvm 1/1 Running 0 72s configmap-volume-6b976dfdcf-tbc6r 1/1 Running 0 72s On each node where one of these Pods is running, the kubelet fetches the data for that ConfigMap and translates it to files in a local volume. The kubelet then mounts that volume into the container, as specified in the Pod template. The code running in that container loads the informat


Question: How does Updating Configuration via a ConfigMap work?

Answer: Updating Configuration via a ConfigMapThis page provides a step-by-step example of updating configuration within a Pod via a ConfigMap and builds upon the Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap task.At the end of this tutorial, you will understand how to change the configuration for a running application.This tutorial uses the alpine and nginx images as examples.Before you beginYou need to have a Kubernetes cluster, and the kubectl command-line tool must be configured to communicate with your cluster. It is recommended to run this tutorial on a cluster with at least two nodes that are not acting as control plane hosts. If you do not already have a cluster, you can create one by using minikube or you can use one of these Kubernetes playgrounds:iximiuz LabsKillercodaKodeKloudPlay with KubernetesYou need to have the curl command-line tool for making HTTP requests from the terminal or command prompt. If you do not have curl available, you can install it. Check the documentation for your local operating system.ObjectivesUpdate configuration via a ConfigMap mounted as a VolumeUpdate environment variables of a Pod via a ConfigMapUpdate configuration via a ConfigMap in a multi-container PodUpdate configuration via a ConfigMap in a Pod possessing a Sidecar ContainerUpdate configuration via a ConfigMap mounted as a VolumeUse the kubectl create configmap command to create a ConfigMap from literal values:kubectl create configmap sport --from-literal=sport=football Below is an example of a Deployment manifest with the ConfigMap sport mounted as a volume into the Pod's only container.deployments/deployment-with-configmap-as-volume.yaml apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: configmap-volume labels: app.kubernetes.io/name: configmap-volume spec: replicas: 3 selector: matchLabels: app.kubernetes.io/name: configmap-volume template: metadata: labels: app.kubernetes.io/name: configmap-volume spec: containers: - name: alpine image: alpine:3 command: - /bin/sh - -c - while true; do echo "$(date) My preferred sport is $(cat /etc/config/sport)"; sleep 10; done; ports: - containerPort: 80 volumeMounts: - name: config-volume mountPath: /etc/config volumes: - name: config-volume configMap: name: sportCreate the Deployment:kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/deployments/deployment-with-configmap-as-volume.yaml Check the pods for this Deployment to ensure they are ready (matching by selector):kubectl get pods --selector=app.kubernetes.io/name=configmap-volume You should see an output similar to:NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE configmap-volume-6b976dfdcf-qxvbm 1/1 Running 0 72s configmap-volume-6b976dfdcf-skpvm 1/1 Running 0 72s configmap-volume-6b976dfdcf-tbc6r 1/1 Running 0 72s On each node where one of these Pods is running, the kubelet fetches the data for that ConfigMap and translates it to files in a local volume. The kubelet then mounts that volume into the container, as specified in the Pod template. The code running in that container loads the informat


Question: When would you use Updating Configuration via a ConfigMap?

Answer: Updating Configuration via a ConfigMapThis page provides a step-by-step example of updating configuration within a Pod via a ConfigMap and builds upon the Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap task.At the end of this tutorial, you will understand how to change the configuration for a running application.This tutorial uses the alpine and nginx images as examples.Before you beginYou need to have a Kubernetes cluster, and the kubectl command-line tool must be configured to communicate with your cluster. It is recommended to run this tutorial on a cluster with at least two nodes that are not acting as control plane hosts. If you do not already have a cluster, you can create one by using minikube or you can use one of these Kubernetes playgrounds:iximiuz LabsKillercodaKodeKloudPlay with KubernetesYou need to have the curl command-line tool for making HTTP requests from the terminal or command prompt. If you do not have curl available, you can install it. Check the documentation for your local operating system.ObjectivesUpdate configuration via a ConfigMap mounted as a VolumeUpdate environment variables of a Pod via a ConfigMapUpdate configuration via a ConfigMap in a multi-container PodUpdate configuration via a ConfigMap in a Pod possessing a Sidecar ContainerUpdate configuration via a ConfigMap mounted as a VolumeUse the kubectl create configmap command to create a ConfigMap from literal values:kubectl create configmap sport --from-literal=sport=football Below is an example of a Deployment manifest with the ConfigMap sport mounted as a volume into the Pod's only container.deployments/deployment-with-configmap-as-volume.yaml apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: configmap-volume labels: app.kubernetes.io/name: configmap-volume spec: replicas: 3 selector: matchLabels: app.kubernetes.io/name: configmap-volume template: metadata: labels: app.kubernetes.io/name: configmap-volume spec: containers: - name: alpine image: alpine:3 command: - /bin/sh - -c - while true; do echo "$(date) My preferred sport is $(cat /etc/config/sport)"; sleep 10; done; ports: - containerPort: 80 volumeMounts: - name: config-volume mountPath: /etc/config volumes: - name: config-volume configMap: name: sportCreate the Deployment:kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/deployments/deployment-with-configmap-as-volume.yaml Check the pods for this Deployment to ensure they are ready (matching by selector):kubectl get pods --selector=app.kubernetes.io/name=configmap-volume You should see an output similar to:NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE configmap-volume-6b976dfdcf-qxvbm 1/1 Running 0 72s configmap-volume-6b976dfdcf-skpvm 1/1 Running 0 72s configmap-volume-6b976dfdcf-tbc6r 1/1 Running 0 72s On each node where one of these Pods is running, the kubelet fetches the data for that ConfigMap and translates it to files in a local volume. The kubelet then mounts that volume into the container, as specified in the Pod template. The code running in that container loads the informat


Question: What are the benefits of Updating Configuration via a ConfigMap?

Answer: Updating Configuration via a ConfigMapThis page provides a step-by-step example of updating configuration within a Pod via a ConfigMap and builds upon the Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap task.At the end of this tutorial, you will understand how to change the configuration for a running application.This tutorial uses the alpine and nginx images as examples.Before you beginYou need to have a Kubernetes cluster, and the kubectl command-line tool must be configured to communicate with your cluster. It is recommended to run this tutorial on a cluster with at least two nodes that are not acting as control plane hosts. If you do not already have a cluster, you can create one by using minikube or you can use one of these Kubernetes playgrounds:iximiuz LabsKillercodaKodeKloudPlay with KubernetesYou need to have the curl command-line tool for making HTTP requests from the terminal or command prompt. If you do not have curl available, you can install it. Check the documentation for your local operating system.ObjectivesUpdate configuration via a ConfigMap mounted as a VolumeUpdate environment variables of a Pod via a ConfigMapUpdate configuration via a ConfigMap in a multi-container PodUpdate configuration via a ConfigMap in a Pod possessing a Sidecar ContainerUpdate configuration via a ConfigMap mounted as a VolumeUse the kubectl create configmap command to create a ConfigMap from literal values:kubectl create configmap sport --from-literal=sport=football Below is an example of a Deployment manifest with the ConfigMap sport mounted as a volume into the Pod's only container.deployments/deployment-with-configmap-as-volume.yaml apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: configmap-volume labels: app.kubernetes.io/name: configmap-volume spec: replicas: 3 selector: matchLabels: app.kubernetes.io/name: configmap-volume template: metadata: labels: app.kubernetes.io/name: configmap-volume spec: containers: - name: alpine image: alpine:3 command: - /bin/sh - -c - while true; do echo "$(date) My preferred sport is $(cat /etc/config/sport)"; sleep 10; done; ports: - containerPort: 80 volumeMounts: - name: config-volume mountPath: /etc/config volumes: - name: config-volume configMap: name: sportCreate the Deployment:kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/deployments/deployment-with-configmap-as-volume.yaml Check the pods for this Deployment to ensure they are ready (matching by selector):kubectl get pods --selector=app.kubernetes.io/name=configmap-volume You should see an output similar to:NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE configmap-volume-6b976dfdcf-qxvbm 1/1 Running 0 72s configmap-volume-6b976dfdcf-skpvm 1/1 Running 0 72s configmap-volume-6b976dfdcf-tbc6r 1/1 Running 0 72s On each node where one of these Pods is running, the kubelet fetches the data for that ConfigMap and translates it to files in a local volume. The kubelet then mounts that volume into the container, as specified in the Pod template. The code running in that container loads the informat


Question: What is Updating Configuration via a ConfigMap?

Answer: T h i s   p a g e   p r o v i d e s   a   s t e p - b y - s t e p   e x a m p l e   o f   u p d a t i n g   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   w i t h i n   a   P o d   v i a   a   C o n f i g M a p   a n d   b u i l d s   u p o n   t h e   C o n f i g u r e   a   P o d   t o   U s e   a   C o n f i g M a p   t a s k . A t   t h e   e n d   o f   t h i s   t u t o r i a l ,   y o u   w i l l   u n d e r s t a n d   h o w   t o   c h a n g e   t h e   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   f o r   a   r u n n i n g   a p p l i c a t i o n . T h i s   t u t o r i a l   u s e s   t h e   a l p i n e   a n d   n g i n x   i m a g e s   a s   e x a m p l e s .


Question: What is Before you begin?

Answer: Y o u   n e e d   t o   h a v e   a   K u b e r n e t e s   c l u s t e r ,   a n d   t h e   k u b e c t l   c o m m a n d - l i n e   t o o l   m u s t   b e   c o n f i g u r e d   t o   c o m m u n i c a t e   w i t h   y o u r   c l u s t e r .   I t   i s   r e c o m m e n d e d   t o   r u n   t h i s   t u t o r i a l   o n   a   c l u s t e r   w i t h   a t   l e a s t   t w o   n o d e s   t h a t   a r e   n o t   a c t i n g   a s   c o n t r o l   p l a n e   h o s t s .   I f   y o u   d o   n o t   a l r e a d y   h a v e   a   c l u s t e r ,   y o u   c a n   c r e a t e   o n e   b y   u s i n g   m i n i k u b e   o r   y o u   c a n   u s e   o n e   o f   t h e s e   K u b e r n e t e s   p l a y g r o u n d s :   i x i m i u z   L a b s K i l l e r c o d a K o d e K l o u d P l a y   w i t h   K u b e r n e t e s   Y o u   n e e d   t o   h a v e   t h e   c u r l   c o m m a n d - l i n e   t o o l   f o r   m a k i n g   H T T P   r e q u e s t s   f r o m   t h e   t e r m i n a l   o r   c o m m a n d   p r o m p t .   I f   y o u   d o   n o t   h a v e   c u r l   a v a i l a b l e ,   y o u   c a n   i n s t a l l   i t .   C h e c k   t h e   d o c u m e n t a t i o n   f o r   y o u r   l o c a l   o p e r a t i n g   s y s t e m .


Question: What is Objectives?

Answer: U p d a t e   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   v i a   a   C o n f i g M a p   m o u n t e d   a s   a   V o l u m e U p d a t e   e n v i r o n m e n t   v a r i a b l e s   o f   a   P o d   v i a   a   C o n f i g M a p U p d a t e   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   v i a   a   C o n f i g M a p   i n   a   m u l t i - c o n t a i n e r   P o d U p d a t e   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   v i a   a   C o n f i g M a p   i n   a   P o d   p o s s e s s i n g   a   S i d e c a r   C o n t a i n e r


Question: What is Update configuration via a ConfigMap mounted as a Volume?

Answer: U s e   t h e   k u b e c t l   c r e a t e   c o n f i g m a p   c o m m a n d   t o   c r e a t e   a   C o n f i g M a p   f r o m   l i t e r a l   v a l u e s :   k u b e c t l   c r e a t e   c o n f i g m a p   s p o r t   - - f r o m - l i t e r a l = s p o r t = f o o t b a l l   B e l o w   i s   a n   e x a m p l e   o f   a   D e p l o y m e n t   m a n i f e s t   w i t h   t h e   C o n f i g M a p   s p o r t   m o u n t e d   a s   a   v o l u m e   i n t o   t h e   P o d ' s   o n l y   c o n t a i n e r .   a p i V e r s i o n :   a p p s / v 1   k i n d :   D e p l o y m e n t   m e t a d a t a :   n a m e :   c o n f i g m a p - v o l u m e   l a b e l s :   a p p . k u b e r n e t e s . i o / n a m e :   c o n f i g m a p - v o l u m e   s p e c :   r e p l i c a s :   3   s e l e c t o r :   m a t c h L a b e l s :   a p p . k u b e r n e t e s . i o / n a m e :   c o n f i g m a p - v o l u m e   t e m p l a t e :   m e t a d a t a :   l a b e l s :   a p p . k u b e r n e t e s . i o / n a m e :   c o n f i g m a p - v o l u m e   s p e c :   c o n t a i n e r s :   -   n a m e :   a l p i n e   i m a g e :   a l p i n e : 3   c o m m a n d :   -   / b i n / s h   -   - c   -   w h i l e   t r u e ;   d o   e c h o   " $ ( d a t e )   M y   p r e f e r r e d   s p o r t   i s   $ ( c a t   / e t c / c o n f i g / s p o r t ) " ;   s l e e p   1 0 ;   d o n e ;   p o r t s :   -   c o n t a i n e r P o r t :   8 0   v o l u m e M o u n t s :   -   n a m e :   c o n f i g - v o l u m e   m o u n t P a t h :   / e t c / c o n f i g   v o l u m e s :   -   n a m e :   c o n f i g - v o l u m e   c o n f i g M a p :   n a m e :   s p o r t   C r e a t e   t h e   D e p l o y m e n t :   k u b e c t l   a p p l y   - f   h t t p s : / / k 8 s . i o / e x a m p l e s / d e p l o y m e n t s / d e p l o y m e n t - w i t h - c o n f i g m a p - a s - v o l u m e . y a m l   C h e c k   t h e   p o d s   f o r   t h i s   D e p l o y m e n t   t o


Question: What is Update environment variables of a Pod via a ConfigMap?

Answer: U s e   t h e   k u b e c t l   c r e a t e   c o n f i g m a p   c o m m a n d   t o   c r e a t e   a   C o n f i g M a p   f r o m   l i t e r a l   v a l u e s :   k u b e c t l   c r e a t e   c o n f i g m a p   f r u i t s   - - f r o m - l i t e r a l = f r u i t s = a p p l e s   B e l o w   i s   a n   e x a m p l e   o f   a   D e p l o y m e n t   m a n i f e s t   w i t h   a n   e n v i r o n m e n t   v a r i a b l e   c o n f i g u r e d   v i a   t h e   C o n f i g M a p   f r u i t s .   a p i V e r s i o n :   a p p s / v 1   k i n d :   D e p l o y m e n t   m e t a d a t a :   n a m e :   c o n f i g m a p - e n v - v a r   l a b e l s :   a p p . k u b e r n e t e s . i o / n a m e :   c o n f i g m a p - e n v - v a r   s p e c :   r e p l i c a s :   3   s e l e c t o r :   m a t c h L a b e l s :   a p p . k u b e r n e t e s . i o / n a m e :   c o n f i g m a p - e n v - v a r   t e m p l a t e :   m e t a d a t a :   l a b e l s :   a p p . k u b e r n e t e s . i o / n a m e :   c o n f i g m a p - e n v - v a r   s p e c :   c o n t a i n e r s :   -   n a m e :   a l p i n e   i m a g e :   a l p i n e : 3   e n v :   -   n a m e :   F R U I T S   v a l u e F r o m :   c o n f i g M a p K e y R e f :   k e y :   f r u i t s   n a m e :   f r u i t s   c o m m a n d :   -   / b i n / s h   -   - c   -   w h i l e   t r u e ;   d o   e c h o   " $ ( d a t e )   T h e   b a s k e t   i s   f u l l   o f   $ F R U I T S " ;   s l e e p   1 0 ;   d o n e ;   p o r t s :   -   c o n t a i n e r P o r t :   8 0   C r e a t e   t h e   D e p l o y m e n t :   k u b e c t l   a p p l y   - f   h t t p s : / / k 8 s . i o / e x a m p l e s / d e p l o y m e n t s / d e p l o y m e n t - w i t h - c o n f i g m a p - a s - e n v v a r . y a m l   C h e c k   t h e   p o d s   f o r   t h i s   D e p l o y m e n t   t o   e n s u r e   t h e y   a r e   r e a d y   ( m a t c h i n g   b y   s e l e c t o r ) :   k u b e c t l   g e t   p o d s


Question: What is Note:?

Answer: Y o u   c a n   t r i g g e r   t h a t   r e p l a c e m e n t .   P e r f o r m   a   r o l l o u t   f o r   t h e   D e p l o y m e n t ,   u s i n g   k u b e c t l   r o l l o u t :   #   T r i g g e r   t h e   r o l l o u t   k u b e c t l   r o l l o u t   r e s t a r t   d e p l o y m e n t   c o n f i g m a p - e n v - v a r   #   W a i t   f o r   t h e   r o l l o u t   t o   c o m p l e t e   k u b e c t l   r o l l o u t   s t a t u s   d e p l o y m e n t   c o n f i g m a p - e n v - v a r   - - w a t c h = t r u e   N e x t ,   c h e c k   t h e   D e p l o y m e n t :   k u b e c t l   g e t   d e p l o y m e n t   c o n f i g m a p - e n v - v a r   Y o u   s h o u l d   s e e   a n   o u t p u t   s i m i l a r   t o :   N A M E   R E A D Y   U P - T O - D A T E   A V A I L A B L E   A G E   c o n f i g m a p - e n v - v a r   3 / 3   3   3   1 2 m   C h e c k   t h e   P o d s :   k u b e c t l   g e t   p o d s   - - s e l e c t o r = a p p . k u b e r n e t e s . i o / n a m e = c o n f i g m a p - e n v - v a r   T h e   r o l l o u t   c a u s e s   K u b e r n e t e s   t o   m a k e   a   n e w   R e p l i c a S e t   f o r   t h e   D e p l o y m e n t ;   t h a t   m e a n s   t h e   e x i s t i n g   P o d s   e v e n t u a l l y   t e r m i n a t e ,   a n d   n e w   o n e s   a r e   c r e a t e d .   A f t e r   f e w   s e c o n d s ,   y o u   s h o u l d   s e e   a n   o u t p u t   s i m i l a r   t o :   N A M E   R E A D Y   S T A T U S   R E S T A R T S   A G E   c o n f i g m a p - e n v - v a r - 6 d 9 4 d 8 9 b f 5 - 2 p h 2 l   1 / 1   R u n n i n g   0   1 3 s   c o n f i g m a p - e n v - v a r - 6 d 9 4 d 8 9 b f 5 - 7 4 t w x   1 / 1   R u n n i n g   0   8 s   c o n f i g m a p - e n v - v a r - 6 d 9 4 d 8 9 b f 5 - d 5 v x 8   1 / 1   R u n n i n g   0   1 1 s


Question: What is Note:?

Answer: V i e w   t h e   l o g s   f o r   a   P o d   i n   t h i s   D e p l o y m e n t :   #   P i c k   o n e   P o d   t h a t   b e l o n g s   t o   t h e   D e p l o y m e n t ,   a n d   v i e w   i t s   l o g s   k u b e c t l   l o g s   d e p l o y m e n t / c o n f i g m a p - e n v - v a r   Y o u   s h o u l d   s e e   a n   o u t p u t   s i m i l a r   t o   t h e   b e l o w :   F o u n d   3   p o d s ,   u s i n g   p o d / c o n f i g m a p - e n v - v a r - 6 d 9 f f 8 9 f b 6 - b z c f 6   T h u   J a n   4   1 6 : 3 0 : 3 5   U T C   2 0 2 4   T h e   b a s k e t   i s   f u l l   o f   m a n g o e s   T h u   J a n   4   1 6 : 3 0 : 4 5   U T C   2 0 2 4   T h e   b a s k e t   i s   f u l l   o f   m a n g o e s   T h u   J a n   4   1 6 : 3 0 : 5 5   U T C   2 0 2 4   T h e   b a s k e t   i s   f u l l   o f   m a n g o e s   T h i s   d e m o n s t r a t e s   t h e   s c e n a r i o   o f   u p d a t i n g   e n v i r o n m e n t   v a r i a b l e s   i n   a   P o d   t h a t   a r e   d e r i v e d   f r o m   a   C o n f i g M a p .   C h a n g e s   t o   t h e   C o n f i g M a p   v a l u e s   a r e   a p p l i e d   t o   t h e   P o d   d u r i n g   t h e   s u b s e q u e n t   r o l l o u t .   I f   P o d s   g e t   c r e a t e d   f o r   a n o t h e r   r e a s o n ,   s u c h   a s   s c a l i n g   u p   t h e   D e p l o y m e n t ,   t h e n   t h e   n e w   P o d s   a l s o   u s e   t h e   l a t e s t   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   v a l u e s ;   i f   y o u   d o n ' t   t r i g g e r   a   r o l l o u t ,   t h e n   y o u   m i g h t   f i n d   t h a t   y o u r   a p p   i s   r u n n i n g   w i t h   a   m i x   o f   o l d   a n d   n e w   e n v i r o n m e n t   v a r i a b l e   v a l u e s .


Question: What is Update configuration via a ConfigMap in a multi-container Pod?

Answer: U s e   t h e   k u b e c t l   c r e a t e   c o n f i g m a p   c o m m a n d   t o   c r e a t e   a   C o n f i g M a p   f r o m   l i t e r a l   v a l u e s :   k u b e c t l   c r e a t e   c o n f i g m a p   c o l o r   - - f r o m - l i t e r a l = c o l o r = r e d   B e l o w   i s   a n   e x a m p l e   m a n i f e s t   f o r   a   D e p l o y m e n t   t h a t   m a n a g e s   a   s e t   o f   P o d s ,   e a c h   w i t h   t w o   c o n t a i n e r s .   T h e   t w o   c o n t a i n e r s   s h a r e   a n   e m p t y D i r   v o l u m e   t h a t   t h e y   u s e   t o   c o m m u n i c a t e .   T h e   f i r s t   c o n t a i n e r   r u n s   a   w e b   s e r v e r   ( n g i n x ) .   T h e   m o u n t   p a t h   f o r   t h e   s h a r e d   v o l u m e   i n   t h e   w e b   s e r v e r   c o n t a i n e r   i s   / u s r / s h a r e / n g i n x / h t m l .   T h e   s e c o n d   h e l p e r   c o n t a i n e r   i s   b a s e d   o n   a l p i n e ,   a n d   f o r   t h i s   c o n t a i n e r   t h e   e m p t y D i r   v o l u m e   i s   m o u n t e d   a t   / p o d - d a t a .   T h e   h e l p e r   c o n t a i n e r   w r i t e s   a   f i l e   i n   H T M L   t h a t   h a s   i t s   c o n t e n t   b a s e d   o n   a   C o n f i g M a p .   T h e   w e b   s e r v e r   c o n t a i n e r   s e r v e s   t h e   H T M L   v i a   H T T P .   a p i V e r s i o n :   a p p s / v 1   k i n d :   D e p l o y m e n t   m e t a d a t a :   n a m e :   c o n f i g m a p - t w o - c o n t a i n e r s   l a b e l s :   a p p . k u b e r n e t e s . i o / n a m e :   c o n f i g m a p - t w o - c o n t a i n e r s   s p e c :   r e p l i c a s :   3   s e l e c t o r :   m a t c h L a b e l s :   a p p . k u b e r n e t e s . i o / n a m e :   c o n f i g m a p - t w o - c o n t a i n e r s   t e m p l a t e :   m e t a d a t a :   l a b e l s :   a p p . k u b e r n e t e s . i o / n a m e :   c o n f i g m a p - t w o - c o n t


Question: What is Update configuration via a ConfigMap in a Pod possessing a sidecar container?

Answer: T h e   a b o v e   s c e n a r i o   c a n   b e   r e p l i c a t e d   b y   u s i n g   a   S i d e c a r   C o n t a i n e r   a s   a   h e l p e r   c o n t a i n e r   t o   w r i t e   t h e   H T M L   f i l e . A s   a   S i d e c a r   C o n t a i n e r   i s   c o n c e p t u a l l y   a n   I n i t   C o n t a i n e r ,   i t   i s   g u a r a n t e e d   t o   s t a r t   b e f o r e   t h e   m a i n   w e b   s e r v e r   c o n t a i n e r . T h i s   e n s u r e s   t h a t   t h e   H T M L   f i l e   i s   a l w a y s   a v a i l a b l e   w h e n   t h e   w e b   s e r v e r   i s   r e a d y   t o   s e r v e   i t .   I f   y o u   a r e   c o n t i n u i n g   f r o m   t h e   p r e v i o u s   s c e n a r i o ,   y o u   c a n   r e u s e   t h e   C o n f i g M a p   n a m e d   c o l o r   f o r   t h i s   s c e n a r i o . I f   y o u   a r e   e x e c u t i n g   t h i s   s c e n a r i o   i n d e p e n d e n t l y ,   u s e   t h e   k u b e c t l   c r e a t e   c o n f i g m a p   c o m m a n d   t o   c r e a t e   a   C o n f i g M a p   f r o m   l i t e r a l   v a l u e s :   k u b e c t l   c r e a t e   c o n f i g m a p   c o l o r   - - f r o m - l i t e r a l = c o l o r = b l u e   B e l o w   i s   a n   e x a m p l e   m a n i f e s t   f o r   a   D e p l o y m e n t   t h a t   m a n a g e s   a   s e t   o f   P o d s ,   e a c h   w i t h   a   m a i n   c o n t a i n e r   a n d   a   s i d e c a r   c o n t a i n e r .   T h e   t w o   c o n t a i n e r s   s h a r e   a n   e m p t y D i r   v o l u m e   t h a t   t h e y   u s e   t o   c o m m u n i c a t e .   T h e   m a i n   c o n t a i n e r   r u n s   a   w e b   s e r v e r   ( N G I N X ) .   T h e   m o u n t   p a t h   f o r   t h e   s h a r e d   v o l u m e   i n   t h e   w e b   s e r v e r   c o n t a i n e r   i s   / u s r / s h a r e / n g i n x / h t m l .   T h e   s e c o n d   c o n t a i n e r   i s   a   S i d e c a r   C o n t


Question: What is Note:?

Answer: I m m u t a b l e   C o n f i g M a p s   a r e   e s p e c i a l l y   u s e d   f o r   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   t h a t   i s   c o n s t a n t   a n d   i s   n o t   e x p e c t e d   t o   c h a n g e   o v e r   t i m e .   M a r k i n g   a   C o n f i g M a p   a s   i m m u t a b l e   a l l o w s   a   p e r f o r m a n c e   i m p r o v e m e n t   w h e r e   t h e   k u b e l e t   d o e s   n o t   w a t c h   f o r   c h a n g e s .   I f   y o u   d o   n e e d   t o   m a k e   a   c h a n g e ,   y o u   s h o u l d   p l a n   t o   e i t h e r :   c h a n g e   t h e   n a m e   o f   t h e   C o n f i g M a p ,   a n d   s w i t c h   t o   r u n n i n g   P o d s   t h a t   r e f e r e n c e   t h e   n e w   n a m e r e p l a c e   a l l   t h e   n o d e s   i n   y o u r   c l u s t e r   t h a t   h a v e   p r e v i o u s l y   r u n   a   P o d   t h a t   u s e d   t h e   o l d   v a l u e r e s t a r t   t h e   k u b e l e t   o n   a n y   n o d e   w h e r e   t h e   k u b e l e t   p r e v i o u s l y   l o a d e d   t h e   o l d   C o n f i g M a p   A n   e x a m p l e   m a n i f e s t   f o r   a n   I m m u t a b l e   C o n f i g M a p   i s   s h o w n   b e l o w .   a p i V e r s i o n :   v 1   d a t a :   c o m p a n y _ n a m e :   " A C M E ,   I n c . "   #   e x i s t i n g   f i c t i o n a l   c o m p a n y   n a m e   k i n d :   C o n f i g M a p   i m m u t a b l e :   t r u e   m e t a d a t a :   n a m e :   c o m p a n y - n a m e - 2 0 1 5 0 8 0 1   C r e a t e   t h e   I m m u t a b l e   C o n f i g M a p :   k u b e c t l   a p p l y   - f   h t t p s : / / k 8 s . i o / e x a m p l e s / c o n f i g m a p / i m m u t a b l e - c o n f i g m a p . y a m l   B e l o w   i s   a n   e x a m p l e   o f   a   D e p l o y m e n t   m a n i f e s t   w i t h   t h e   I m m u t a b l e   C o n f i g M a p   c o m p a n y - n a m e - 2 0 1 5 0 8 0 1   m o u n t e d   a s   a   v o l u m e   i n t o   t


Question: What is Note:?

Answer: C r e a t e   a   n e w   i m m u t a b l e   C o n f i g M a p   b y   u s i n g   t h e   m a n i f e s t   s h o w n   b e l o w :   a p i V e r s i o n :   v 1   d a t a :   c o m p a n y _ n a m e :   " F i k t i v e s u n t e r n e h m e n   G m b H "   #   n e w   f i c t i o n a l   c o m p a n y   n a m e   k i n d :   C o n f i g M a p   i m m u t a b l e :   t r u e   m e t a d a t a :   n a m e :   c o m p a n y - n a m e - 2 0 2 4 0 3 1 2   k u b e c t l   a p p l y   - f   h t t p s : / / k 8 s . i o / e x a m p l e s / c o n f i g m a p / n e w - i m m u t a b l e - c o n f i g m a p . y a m l   Y o u   s h o u l d   s e e   a n   o u t p u t   s i m i l a r   t o :   c o n f i g m a p / c o m p a n y - n a m e - 2 0 2 4 0 3 1 2   c r e a t e d   C h e c k   t h e   n e w l y   c r e a t e d   C o n f i g M a p :   k u b e c t l   g e t   c o n f i g m a p   Y o u   s h o u l d   s e e   a n   o u t p u t   d i s p l a y i n g   b o t h   t h e   o l d   a n d   n e w   C o n f i g M a p s :   N A M E   D A T A   A G E   c o m p a n y - n a m e - 2 0 1 5 0 8 0 1   1   2 2 m   c o m p a n y - n a m e - 2 0 2 4 0 3 1 2   1   2 4 s   M o d i f y   t h e   D e p l o y m e n t   t o   r e f e r e n c e   t h e   n e w   C o n f i g M a p .   E d i t   t h e   D e p l o y m e n t :   k u b e c t l   e d i t   d e p l o y m e n t   i m m u t a b l e - c o n f i g m a p - v o l u m e   I n   t h e   e d i t o r   t h a t   a p p e a r s ,   u p d a t e   t h e   e x i s t i n g   v o l u m e   d e f i n i t i o n   t o   u s e   t h e   n e w   C o n f i g M a p .   v o l u m e s :   -   c o n f i g M a p :   d e f a u l t M o d e :   4 2 0   n a m e :   c o m p a n y - n a m e - 2 0 2 4 0 3 1 2   #   U p d a t e   t h i s   f i e l d   n a m e :   c o n f i g - v o l u m e   Y o u   s h o u l d   s e e   t h e   f o l l o w i n g   o u t p u t :   d e p l o y m e n t . a p p s / i m m u t a b l e - c o n f i g m a p - v o l u m e   e d i t e d   T h i s   w


Question: What is Summary?

Answer: C h a n g e s   t o   a   C o n f i g M a p   m o u n t e d   a s   a   V o l u m e   o n   a   P o d   a r e   a v a i l a b l e   s e a m l e s s l y   a f t e r   t h e   s u b s e q u e n t   k u b e l e t   s y n c .   C h a n g e s   t o   a   C o n f i g M a p   t h a t   c o n f i g u r e s   e n v i r o n m e n t   v a r i a b l e s   f o r   a   P o d   a r e   a v a i l a b l e   a f t e r   t h e   s u b s e q u e n t   r o l l o u t   f o r   t h e   P o d .   O n c e   a   C o n f i g M a p   i s   m a r k e d   a s   i m m u t a b l e ,   i t   i s   n o t   p o s s i b l e   t o   r e v e r t   t h i s   c h a n g e   ( y o u   c a n n o t   m a k e   a n   i m m u t a b l e   C o n f i g M a p   m u t a b l e ) ,   a n d   y o u   a l s o   c a n n o t   m a k e   a n y   c h a n g e   t o   t h e   c o n t e n t s   o f   t h e   d a t a   o r   t h e   b i n a r y D a t a   f i e l d .   Y o u   c a n   d e l e t e   a n d   r e c r e a t e   t h e   C o n f i g M a p ,   o r   y o u   c a n   m a k e   a   n e w   d i f f e r e n t   C o n f i g M a p .   W h e n   y o u   d e l e t e   a   C o n f i g M a p ,   r u n n i n g   c o n t a i n e r s   a n d   t h e i r   P o d s   m a i n t a i n   a   m o u n t   p o i n t   t o   a n y   v o l u m e   t h a t   r e f e r e n c e d   t h a t   e x i s t i n g   C o n f i g M a p .


Question: What is Cleaning up?

Answer: T e r m i n a t e   t h e   k u b e c t l   p o r t - f o r w a r d   c o m m a n d s   i n   c a s e   t h e y   a r e   r u n n i n g .   D e l e t e   t h e   r e s o u r c e s   c r e a t e d   d u r i n g   t h e   t u t o r i a l :   k u b e c t l   d e l e t e   d e p l o y m e n t   c o n f i g m a p - v o l u m e   c o n f i g m a p - e n v - v a r   c o n f i g m a p - t w o - c o n t a i n e r s   c o n f i g m a p - s i d e c a r - c o n t a i n e r   i m m u t a b l e - c o n f i g m a p - v o l u m e   k u b e c t l   d e l e t e   s e r v i c e   c o n f i g m a p - s e r v i c e   c o n f i g m a p - s i d e c a r - s e r v i c e   k u b e c t l   d e l e t e   c o n f i g m a p   s p o r t   f r u i t s   c o l o r   c o m p a n y - n a m e - 2 0 2 4 0 3 1 2   k u b e c t l   d e l e t e   c o n f i g m a p   c o m p a n y - n a m e - 2 0 1 5 0 8 0 1   #   I n   c a s e   i t   w a s   n o t   h a n d l e d   d u r i n g   t h e   t a s k   e x e c u t i o n


Question: What is Use Calico for NetworkPolicy?

Answer: Use Calico for NetworkPolicyThis page shows a couple of quick ways to create a Calico cluster on Kubernetes.Before you beginDecide whether you want to deploy a cloud or local cluster.Creating a Calico cluster with Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE)Prerequisite: gcloud.To launch a GKE cluster with Calico, include the --enable-network-policy flag.Syntaxgcloud container clusters create [CLUSTER_NAME] --enable-network-policy Examplegcloud container clusters create my-calico-cluster --enable-network-policy To verify the deployment, use the following command.kubectl get pods --namespace=kube-system The Calico pods begin with calico. Check to make sure each one has a status of Running.Creating a local Calico cluster with kubeadmTo get a local single-host Calico cluster in fifteen minutes using kubeadm, refer to the Calico Quickstart.What's nextOnce your cluster is running, you can follow the Declare Network Policy to try out Kubernetes NetworkPolicy.


Question: How does Use Calico for NetworkPolicy work?

Answer: Use Calico for NetworkPolicyThis page shows a couple of quick ways to create a Calico cluster on Kubernetes.Before you beginDecide whether you want to deploy a cloud or local cluster.Creating a Calico cluster with Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE)Prerequisite: gcloud.To launch a GKE cluster with Calico, include the --enable-network-policy flag.Syntaxgcloud container clusters create [CLUSTER_NAME] --enable-network-policy Examplegcloud container clusters create my-calico-cluster --enable-network-policy To verify the deployment, use the following command.kubectl get pods --namespace=kube-system The Calico pods begin with calico. Check to make sure each one has a status of Running.Creating a local Calico cluster with kubeadmTo get a local single-host Calico cluster in fifteen minutes using kubeadm, refer to the Calico Quickstart.What's nextOnce your cluster is running, you can follow the Declare Network Policy to try out Kubernetes NetworkPolicy.


Question: When would you use Use Calico for NetworkPolicy?

Answer: Use Calico for NetworkPolicyThis page shows a couple of quick ways to create a Calico cluster on Kubernetes.Before you beginDecide whether you want to deploy a cloud or local cluster.Creating a Calico cluster with Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE)Prerequisite: gcloud.To launch a GKE cluster with Calico, include the --enable-network-policy flag.Syntaxgcloud container clusters create [CLUSTER_NAME] --enable-network-policy Examplegcloud container clusters create my-calico-cluster --enable-network-policy To verify the deployment, use the following command.kubectl get pods --namespace=kube-system The Calico pods begin with calico. Check to make sure each one has a status of Running.Creating a local Calico cluster with kubeadmTo get a local single-host Calico cluster in fifteen minutes using kubeadm, refer to the Calico Quickstart.What's nextOnce your cluster is running, you can follow the Declare Network Policy to try out Kubernetes NetworkPolicy.


Question: What are the benefits of Use Calico for NetworkPolicy?

Answer: Use Calico for NetworkPolicyThis page shows a couple of quick ways to create a Calico cluster on Kubernetes.Before you beginDecide whether you want to deploy a cloud or local cluster.Creating a Calico cluster with Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE)Prerequisite: gcloud.To launch a GKE cluster with Calico, include the --enable-network-policy flag.Syntaxgcloud container clusters create [CLUSTER_NAME] --enable-network-policy Examplegcloud container clusters create my-calico-cluster --enable-network-policy To verify the deployment, use the following command.kubectl get pods --namespace=kube-system The Calico pods begin with calico. Check to make sure each one has a status of Running.Creating a local Calico cluster with kubeadmTo get a local single-host Calico cluster in fifteen minutes using kubeadm, refer to the Calico Quickstart.What's nextOnce your cluster is running, you can follow the Declare Network Policy to try out Kubernetes NetworkPolicy.


Question: What is Use Calico for NetworkPolicy?

Answer: T h i s   p a g e   s h o w s   a   c o u p l e   o f   q u i c k   w a y s   t o   c r e a t e   a   C a l i c o   c l u s t e r   o n   K u b e r n e t e s .


Question: What is Before you begin?

Answer: D e c i d e   w h e t h e r   y o u   w a n t   t o   d e p l o y   a   c l o u d   o r   l o c a l   c l u s t e r .


Question: What is Creating a Calico cluster with Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE)?

Answer: P r e r e q u i s i t e :   g c l o u d .   T o   l a u n c h   a   G K E   c l u s t e r   w i t h   C a l i c o ,   i n c l u d e   t h e   - - e n a b l e - n e t w o r k - p o l i c y   f l a g . S y n t a x g c l o u d   c o n t a i n e r   c l u s t e r s   c r e a t e   [ C L U S T E R _ N A M E ]   - - e n a b l e - n e t w o r k - p o l i c y   E x a m p l e g c l o u d   c o n t a i n e r   c l u s t e r s   c r e a t e   m y - c a l i c o - c l u s t e r   - - e n a b l e - n e t w o r k - p o l i c y   T o   v e r i f y   t h e   d e p l o y m e n t ,   u s e   t h e   f o l l o w i n g   c o m m a n d . k u b e c t l   g e t   p o d s   - - n a m e s p a c e = k u b e - s y s t e m   T h e   C a l i c o   p o d s   b e g i n   w i t h   c a l i c o .   C h e c k   t o   m a k e   s u r e   e a c h   o n e   h a s   a   s t a t u s   o f   R u n n i n g .   T o   l a u n c h   a   G K E   c l u s t e r   w i t h   C a l i c o ,   i n c l u d e   t h e   - - e n a b l e - n e t w o r k - p o l i c y   f l a g .   S y n t a x   g c l o u d   c o n t a i n e r   c l u s t e r s   c r e a t e   [ C L U S T E R _ N A M E ]   - - e n a b l e - n e t w o r k - p o l i c y   E x a m p l e   g c l o u d   c o n t a i n e r   c l u s t e r s   c r e a t e   m y - c a l i c o - c l u s t e r   - - e n a b l e - n e t w o r k - p o l i c y   T o   v e r i f y   t h e   d e p l o y m e n t ,   u s e   t h e   f o l l o w i n g   c o m m a n d .   k u b e c t l   g e t   p o d s   - - n a m e s p a c e = k u b e - s y s t e m   T h e   C a l i c o   p o d s   b e g i n   w i t h   c a l i c o .   C h e c k   t o   m a k e   s u r e   e a c h   o n e   h a s   a   s t a t u s   o f   R u n n i n g .


Question: What is Creating a local Calico cluster with kubeadm?

Answer: T o   g e t   a   l o c a l   s i n g l e - h o s t   C a l i c o   c l u s t e r   i n   f i f t e e n   m i n u t e s   u s i n g   k u b e a d m ,   r e f e r   t o   t h e   C a l i c o   Q u i c k s t a r t .


Question: What is What's next?

Answer: O n c e   y o u r   c l u s t e r   i s   r u n n i n g ,   y o u   c a n   f o l l o w   t h e   D e c l a r e   N e t w o r k   P o l i c y   t o   t r y   o u t   K u b e r n e t e s   N e t w o r k P o l i c y .


Question: What is IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack?

Answer: IPv4/IPv6 dual-stackKubernetes lets you configure single-stack IPv4 networking, single-stack IPv6 networking, or dual stack networking with both network families active. This page explains how.FEATURE STATE: Kubernetes v1.23 [stable]IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack networking enables the allocation of both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses to Pods and Services.IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack networking is enabled by default for your Kubernetes cluster starting in 1.21, allowing the simultaneous assignment of both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.Supported FeaturesIPv4/IPv6 dual-stack on your Kubernetes cluster provides the following features:Dual-stack Pod networking (a single IPv4 and IPv6 address assignment per Pod)IPv4 and IPv6 enabled ServicesPod off-cluster egress routing (eg. the Internet) via both IPv4 and IPv6 interfacesPrerequisitesThe following prerequisites are needed in order to utilize IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack Kubernetes clusters:Kubernetes 1.20 or laterFor information about using dual-stack services with earlier Kubernetes versions, refer to the documentation for that version of Kubernetes.Provider support for dual-stack networking (Cloud provider or otherwise must be able to provide Kubernetes nodes with routable IPv4/IPv6 network interfaces)A network plugin that supports dual-stack networking.Configure IPv4/IPv6 dual-stackTo configure IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack, set dual-stack cluster network assignments:kube-apiserver:--service-cluster-ip-range=<IPv4 CIDR>,<IPv6 CIDR>kube-controller-manager:--cluster-cidr=<IPv4 CIDR>,<IPv6 CIDR>--service-cluster-ip-range=<IPv4 CIDR>,<IPv6 CIDR>--node-cidr-mask-size-ipv4|--node-cidr-mask-size-ipv6 defaults to /24 for IPv4 and /64 for IPv6kube-proxy:--cluster-cidr=<IPv4 CIDR>,<IPv6 CIDR>kubelet:--node-ip=<IPv4 IP>,<IPv6 IP>This option is required for bare metal dual-stack nodes (nodes that do not define a cloud provider with the --cloud-provider flag). If you are using a cloud provider and choose to override the node IPs chosen by the cloud provider, set the --node-ip option.(The legacy built-in cloud providers do not support dual-stack --node-ip.)Note:An example of an IPv4 CIDR: 10.244.0.0/16 (though you would supply your own address range)An example of an IPv6 CIDR: fdXY:IJKL:MNOP:15::/64 (this shows the format but is not a valid address - see RFC 4193)ServicesYou can create Services which can use IPv4, IPv6, or both.The address family of a Service defaults to the address family of the first service cluster IP range (configured via the --service-cluster-ip-range flag to the kube-apiserver).When you define a Service you can optionally configure it as dual stack. To specify the behavior you want, you set the .spec.ipFamilyPolicy field to one of the following values:SingleStack: Single-stack service. The control plane allocates a cluster IP for the Service, using the first configured service cluster IP range.PreferDualStack: Allocates both IPv4 and IPv6 cluster IPs for the Service when dual-stack is enabled. If dual-stack is not enabled or supported,


Question: How does IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack work?

Answer: IPv4/IPv6 dual-stackKubernetes lets you configure single-stack IPv4 networking, single-stack IPv6 networking, or dual stack networking with both network families active. This page explains how.FEATURE STATE: Kubernetes v1.23 [stable]IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack networking enables the allocation of both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses to Pods and Services.IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack networking is enabled by default for your Kubernetes cluster starting in 1.21, allowing the simultaneous assignment of both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.Supported FeaturesIPv4/IPv6 dual-stack on your Kubernetes cluster provides the following features:Dual-stack Pod networking (a single IPv4 and IPv6 address assignment per Pod)IPv4 and IPv6 enabled ServicesPod off-cluster egress routing (eg. the Internet) via both IPv4 and IPv6 interfacesPrerequisitesThe following prerequisites are needed in order to utilize IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack Kubernetes clusters:Kubernetes 1.20 or laterFor information about using dual-stack services with earlier Kubernetes versions, refer to the documentation for that version of Kubernetes.Provider support for dual-stack networking (Cloud provider or otherwise must be able to provide Kubernetes nodes with routable IPv4/IPv6 network interfaces)A network plugin that supports dual-stack networking.Configure IPv4/IPv6 dual-stackTo configure IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack, set dual-stack cluster network assignments:kube-apiserver:--service-cluster-ip-range=<IPv4 CIDR>,<IPv6 CIDR>kube-controller-manager:--cluster-cidr=<IPv4 CIDR>,<IPv6 CIDR>--service-cluster-ip-range=<IPv4 CIDR>,<IPv6 CIDR>--node-cidr-mask-size-ipv4|--node-cidr-mask-size-ipv6 defaults to /24 for IPv4 and /64 for IPv6kube-proxy:--cluster-cidr=<IPv4 CIDR>,<IPv6 CIDR>kubelet:--node-ip=<IPv4 IP>,<IPv6 IP>This option is required for bare metal dual-stack nodes (nodes that do not define a cloud provider with the --cloud-provider flag). If you are using a cloud provider and choose to override the node IPs chosen by the cloud provider, set the --node-ip option.(The legacy built-in cloud providers do not support dual-stack --node-ip.)Note:An example of an IPv4 CIDR: 10.244.0.0/16 (though you would supply your own address range)An example of an IPv6 CIDR: fdXY:IJKL:MNOP:15::/64 (this shows the format but is not a valid address - see RFC 4193)ServicesYou can create Services which can use IPv4, IPv6, or both.The address family of a Service defaults to the address family of the first service cluster IP range (configured via the --service-cluster-ip-range flag to the kube-apiserver).When you define a Service you can optionally configure it as dual stack. To specify the behavior you want, you set the .spec.ipFamilyPolicy field to one of the following values:SingleStack: Single-stack service. The control plane allocates a cluster IP for the Service, using the first configured service cluster IP range.PreferDualStack: Allocates both IPv4 and IPv6 cluster IPs for the Service when dual-stack is enabled. If dual-stack is not enabled or supported,


Question: When would you use IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack?

Answer: IPv4/IPv6 dual-stackKubernetes lets you configure single-stack IPv4 networking, single-stack IPv6 networking, or dual stack networking with both network families active. This page explains how.FEATURE STATE: Kubernetes v1.23 [stable]IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack networking enables the allocation of both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses to Pods and Services.IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack networking is enabled by default for your Kubernetes cluster starting in 1.21, allowing the simultaneous assignment of both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.Supported FeaturesIPv4/IPv6 dual-stack on your Kubernetes cluster provides the following features:Dual-stack Pod networking (a single IPv4 and IPv6 address assignment per Pod)IPv4 and IPv6 enabled ServicesPod off-cluster egress routing (eg. the Internet) via both IPv4 and IPv6 interfacesPrerequisitesThe following prerequisites are needed in order to utilize IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack Kubernetes clusters:Kubernetes 1.20 or laterFor information about using dual-stack services with earlier Kubernetes versions, refer to the documentation for that version of Kubernetes.Provider support for dual-stack networking (Cloud provider or otherwise must be able to provide Kubernetes nodes with routable IPv4/IPv6 network interfaces)A network plugin that supports dual-stack networking.Configure IPv4/IPv6 dual-stackTo configure IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack, set dual-stack cluster network assignments:kube-apiserver:--service-cluster-ip-range=<IPv4 CIDR>,<IPv6 CIDR>kube-controller-manager:--cluster-cidr=<IPv4 CIDR>,<IPv6 CIDR>--service-cluster-ip-range=<IPv4 CIDR>,<IPv6 CIDR>--node-cidr-mask-size-ipv4|--node-cidr-mask-size-ipv6 defaults to /24 for IPv4 and /64 for IPv6kube-proxy:--cluster-cidr=<IPv4 CIDR>,<IPv6 CIDR>kubelet:--node-ip=<IPv4 IP>,<IPv6 IP>This option is required for bare metal dual-stack nodes (nodes that do not define a cloud provider with the --cloud-provider flag). If you are using a cloud provider and choose to override the node IPs chosen by the cloud provider, set the --node-ip option.(The legacy built-in cloud providers do not support dual-stack --node-ip.)Note:An example of an IPv4 CIDR: 10.244.0.0/16 (though you would supply your own address range)An example of an IPv6 CIDR: fdXY:IJKL:MNOP:15::/64 (this shows the format but is not a valid address - see RFC 4193)ServicesYou can create Services which can use IPv4, IPv6, or both.The address family of a Service defaults to the address family of the first service cluster IP range (configured via the --service-cluster-ip-range flag to the kube-apiserver).When you define a Service you can optionally configure it as dual stack. To specify the behavior you want, you set the .spec.ipFamilyPolicy field to one of the following values:SingleStack: Single-stack service. The control plane allocates a cluster IP for the Service, using the first configured service cluster IP range.PreferDualStack: Allocates both IPv4 and IPv6 cluster IPs for the Service when dual-stack is enabled. If dual-stack is not enabled or supported,


Question: What are the benefits of IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack?

Answer: IPv4/IPv6 dual-stackKubernetes lets you configure single-stack IPv4 networking, single-stack IPv6 networking, or dual stack networking with both network families active. This page explains how.FEATURE STATE: Kubernetes v1.23 [stable]IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack networking enables the allocation of both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses to Pods and Services.IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack networking is enabled by default for your Kubernetes cluster starting in 1.21, allowing the simultaneous assignment of both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.Supported FeaturesIPv4/IPv6 dual-stack on your Kubernetes cluster provides the following features:Dual-stack Pod networking (a single IPv4 and IPv6 address assignment per Pod)IPv4 and IPv6 enabled ServicesPod off-cluster egress routing (eg. the Internet) via both IPv4 and IPv6 interfacesPrerequisitesThe following prerequisites are needed in order to utilize IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack Kubernetes clusters:Kubernetes 1.20 or laterFor information about using dual-stack services with earlier Kubernetes versions, refer to the documentation for that version of Kubernetes.Provider support for dual-stack networking (Cloud provider or otherwise must be able to provide Kubernetes nodes with routable IPv4/IPv6 network interfaces)A network plugin that supports dual-stack networking.Configure IPv4/IPv6 dual-stackTo configure IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack, set dual-stack cluster network assignments:kube-apiserver:--service-cluster-ip-range=<IPv4 CIDR>,<IPv6 CIDR>kube-controller-manager:--cluster-cidr=<IPv4 CIDR>,<IPv6 CIDR>--service-cluster-ip-range=<IPv4 CIDR>,<IPv6 CIDR>--node-cidr-mask-size-ipv4|--node-cidr-mask-size-ipv6 defaults to /24 for IPv4 and /64 for IPv6kube-proxy:--cluster-cidr=<IPv4 CIDR>,<IPv6 CIDR>kubelet:--node-ip=<IPv4 IP>,<IPv6 IP>This option is required for bare metal dual-stack nodes (nodes that do not define a cloud provider with the --cloud-provider flag). If you are using a cloud provider and choose to override the node IPs chosen by the cloud provider, set the --node-ip option.(The legacy built-in cloud providers do not support dual-stack --node-ip.)Note:An example of an IPv4 CIDR: 10.244.0.0/16 (though you would supply your own address range)An example of an IPv6 CIDR: fdXY:IJKL:MNOP:15::/64 (this shows the format but is not a valid address - see RFC 4193)ServicesYou can create Services which can use IPv4, IPv6, or both.The address family of a Service defaults to the address family of the first service cluster IP range (configured via the --service-cluster-ip-range flag to the kube-apiserver).When you define a Service you can optionally configure it as dual stack. To specify the behavior you want, you set the .spec.ipFamilyPolicy field to one of the following values:SingleStack: Single-stack service. The control plane allocates a cluster IP for the Service, using the first configured service cluster IP range.PreferDualStack: Allocates both IPv4 and IPv6 cluster IPs for the Service when dual-stack is enabled. If dual-stack is not enabled or supported,


Question: What is IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack?

Answer: I P v 4 / I P v 6   d u a l - s t a c k   n e t w o r k i n g   e n a b l e s   t h e   a l l o c a t i o n   o f   b o t h   I P v 4   a n d   I P v 6   a d d r e s s e s   t o   P o d s   a n d   S e r v i c e s .   I P v 4 / I P v 6   d u a l - s t a c k   n e t w o r k i n g   i s   e n a b l e d   b y   d e f a u l t   f o r   y o u r   K u b e r n e t e s   c l u s t e r   s t a r t i n g   i n   1 . 2 1 ,   a l l o w i n g   t h e   s i m u l t a n e o u s   a s s i g n m e n t   o f   b o t h   I P v 4   a n d   I P v 6   a d d r e s s e s .


Question: What is Supported Features?

Answer: I P v 4 / I P v 6   d u a l - s t a c k   o n   y o u r   K u b e r n e t e s   c l u s t e r   p r o v i d e s   t h e   f o l l o w i n g   f e a t u r e s :   D u a l - s t a c k   P o d   n e t w o r k i n g   ( a   s i n g l e   I P v 4   a n d   I P v 6   a d d r e s s   a s s i g n m e n t   p e r   P o d ) I P v 4   a n d   I P v 6   e n a b l e d   S e r v i c e s P o d   o f f - c l u s t e r   e g r e s s   r o u t i n g   ( e g .   t h e   I n t e r n e t )   v i a   b o t h   I P v 4   a n d   I P v 6   i n t e r f a c e s


Question: What is Prerequisites?

Answer: T h e   f o l l o w i n g   p r e r e q u i s i t e s   a r e   n e e d e d   i n   o r d e r   t o   u t i l i z e   I P v 4 / I P v 6   d u a l - s t a c k   K u b e r n e t e s   c l u s t e r s :   K u b e r n e t e s   1 . 2 0   o r   l a t e r F o r   i n f o r m a t i o n   a b o u t   u s i n g   d u a l - s t a c k   s e r v i c e s   w i t h   e a r l i e r   K u b e r n e t e s   v e r s i o n s ,   r e f e r   t o   t h e   d o c u m e n t a t i o n   f o r   t h a t   v e r s i o n   o f   K u b e r n e t e s . P r o v i d e r   s u p p o r t   f o r   d u a l - s t a c k   n e t w o r k i n g   ( C l o u d   p r o v i d e r   o r   o t h e r w i s e   m u s t   b e   a b l e   t o   p r o v i d e   K u b e r n e t e s   n o d e s   w i t h   r o u t a b l e   I P v 4 / I P v 6   n e t w o r k   i n t e r f a c e s ) A   n e t w o r k   p l u g i n   t h a t   s u p p o r t s   d u a l - s t a c k   n e t w o r k i n g .   K u b e r n e t e s   1 . 2 0   o r   l a t e r   F o r   i n f o r m a t i o n   a b o u t   u s i n g   d u a l - s t a c k   s e r v i c e s   w i t h   e a r l i e r   K u b e r n e t e s   v e r s i o n s ,   r e f e r   t o   t h e   d o c u m e n t a t i o n   f o r   t h a t   v e r s i o n   o f   K u b e r n e t e s .   P r o v i d e r   s u p p o r t   f o r   d u a l - s t a c k   n e t w o r k i n g   ( C l o u d   p r o v i d e r   o r   o t h e r w i s e   m u s t   b e   a b l e   t o   p r o v i d e   K u b e r n e t e s   n o d e s   w i t h   r o u t a b l e   I P v 4 / I P v 6   n e t w o r k   i n t e r f a c e s )   A   n e t w o r k   p l u g i n   t h a t   s u p p o r t s   d u a l - s t a c k   n e t w o r k i n g .


Question: What is Configure IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack?

Answer: T o   c o n f i g u r e   I P v 4 / I P v 6   d u a l - s t a c k ,   s e t   d u a l - s t a c k   c l u s t e r   n e t w o r k   a s s i g n m e n t s :   k u b e - a p i s e r v e r : - - s e r v i c e - c l u s t e r - i p - r a n g e = < I P v 4   C I D R > , < I P v 6   C I D R > k u b e - c o n t r o l l e r - m a n a g e r : - - c l u s t e r - c i d r = < I P v 4   C I D R > , < I P v 6   C I D R > - - s e r v i c e - c l u s t e r - i p - r a n g e = < I P v 4   C I D R > , < I P v 6   C I D R > - - n o d e - c i d r - m a s k - s i z e - i p v 4 | - - n o d e - c i d r - m a s k - s i z e - i p v 6   d e f a u l t s   t o   / 2 4   f o r   I P v 4   a n d   / 6 4   f o r   I P v 6 k u b e - p r o x y : - - c l u s t e r - c i d r = < I P v 4   C I D R > , < I P v 6   C I D R > k u b e l e t : - - n o d e - i p = < I P v 4   I P > , < I P v 6   I P > T h i s   o p t i o n   i s   r e q u i r e d   f o r   b a r e   m e t a l   d u a l - s t a c k   n o d e s   ( n o d e s   t h a t   d o   n o t   d e f i n e   a   c l o u d   p r o v i d e r   w i t h   t h e   - - c l o u d - p r o v i d e r   f l a g ) .   I f   y o u   a r e   u s i n g   a   c l o u d   p r o v i d e r   a n d   c h o o s e   t o   o v e r r i d e   t h e   n o d e   I P s   c h o s e n   b y   t h e   c l o u d   p r o v i d e r ,   s e t   t h e   - - n o d e - i p   o p t i o n . ( T h e   l e g a c y   b u i l t - i n   c l o u d   p r o v i d e r s   d o   n o t   s u p p o r t   d u a l - s t a c k   - - n o d e - i p . )   - - s e r v i c e - c l u s t e r - i p - r a n g e = < I P v 4   C I D R > , < I P v 6   C I D R >   - - c l u s t e r - c i d r = < I P v 4   C I D R > , < I P v 6   C I D R > - - s e r v i c e - c l u s t e r - i p - r a n g e = < I P v 4   C I D R > , < I P v 6   C I D R > - - n o d e - c i d r - m a s k - s i z e - i p v 4 | - - n o d e - c i d r - m a s k - s i z e - i p v 6   d e f a u l t s   t o   / 2 4   f o r   I P v 4   a n d   / 6 4   f o r   I


Question: What is Note:?

Answer: A n   e x a m p l e   o f   a n   I P v 4   C I D R :   1 0 . 2 4 4 . 0 . 0 / 1 6   ( t h o u g h   y o u   w o u l d   s u p p l y   y o u r   o w n   a d d r e s s   r a n g e )   A n   e x a m p l e   o f   a n   I P v 6   C I D R :   f d X Y : I J K L : M N O P : 1 5 : : / 6 4   ( t h i s   s h o w s   t h e   f o r m a t   b u t   i s   n o t   a   v a l i d   a d d r e s s   -   s e e   R F C   4 1 9 3 )


Question: What is Services?

Answer: Y o u   c a n   c r e a t e   S e r v i c e s   w h i c h   c a n   u s e   I P v 4 ,   I P v 6 ,   o r   b o t h .   T h e   a d d r e s s   f a m i l y   o f   a   S e r v i c e   d e f a u l t s   t o   t h e   a d d r e s s   f a m i l y   o f   t h e   f i r s t   s e r v i c e   c l u s t e r   I P   r a n g e   ( c o n f i g u r e d   v i a   t h e   - - s e r v i c e - c l u s t e r - i p - r a n g e   f l a g   t o   t h e   k u b e - a p i s e r v e r ) .   W h e n   y o u   d e f i n e   a   S e r v i c e   y o u   c a n   o p t i o n a l l y   c o n f i g u r e   i t   a s   d u a l   s t a c k .   T o   s p e c i f y   t h e   b e h a v i o r   y o u   w a n t ,   y o u   s e t   t h e   . s p e c . i p F a m i l y P o l i c y   f i e l d   t o   o n e   o f   t h e   f o l l o w i n g   v a l u e s :   S i n g l e S t a c k :   S i n g l e - s t a c k   s e r v i c e .   T h e   c o n t r o l   p l a n e   a l l o c a t e s   a   c l u s t e r   I P   f o r   t h e   S e r v i c e ,   u s i n g   t h e   f i r s t   c o n f i g u r e d   s e r v i c e   c l u s t e r   I P   r a n g e . P r e f e r D u a l S t a c k :   A l l o c a t e s   b o t h   I P v 4   a n d   I P v 6   c l u s t e r   I P s   f o r   t h e   S e r v i c e   w h e n   d u a l - s t a c k   i s   e n a b l e d .   I f   d u a l - s t a c k   i s   n o t   e n a b l e d   o r   s u p p o r t e d ,   i t   f a l l s   b a c k   t o   s i n g l e - s t a c k   b e h a v i o r . R e q u i r e D u a l S t a c k :   A l l o c a t e s   S e r v i c e   . s p e c . c l u s t e r I P s   f r o m   b o t h   I P v 4   a n d   I P v 6   a d d r e s s   r a n g e s   w h e n   d u a l - s t a c k   i s   e n a b l e d .   I f   d u a l - s t a c k   i s   n o t   e n a b l e d   o r   s u p p o r t e d ,   t h e   S e r v i c e   A P I   o b j e c t   c r e a t i o n   f a i l s . S e l e c t s   t h e   . s p e c . c l u s t e r I P   f r o m   t h e   l i s t   o f   . s p e c . c l u s t


Question: What is Note:?

Answer: Y o u   c a n   s e t   . s p e c . i p F a m i l i e s   t o   a n y   o f   t h e   f o l l o w i n g   a r r a y   v a l u e s :   [ " I P v 4 " ] [ " I P v 6 " ] [ " I P v 4 " , " I P v 6 " ]   ( d u a l   s t a c k ) [ " I P v 6 " , " I P v 4 " ]   ( d u a l   s t a c k )   T h e   f i r s t   f a m i l y   y o u   l i s t   i s   u s e d   f o r   t h e   l e g a c y   . s p e c . c l u s t e r I P   f i e l d .


Question: What is Dual-stack Service configuration scenarios?

Answer: T h e s e   e x a m p l e s   d e m o n s t r a t e   t h e   b e h a v i o r   o f   v a r i o u s   d u a l - s t a c k   S e r v i c e   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   s c e n a r i o s .


Question: What is Dual-stack options on new Services?

Answer: T h i s   S e r v i c e   s p e c i f i c a t i o n   d o e s   n o t   e x p l i c i t l y   d e f i n e   . s p e c . i p F a m i l y P o l i c y .   W h e n   y o u   c r e a t e   t h i s   S e r v i c e ,   K u b e r n e t e s   a s s i g n s   a   c l u s t e r   I P   f o r   t h e   S e r v i c e   f r o m   t h e   f i r s t   c o n f i g u r e d   s e r v i c e - c l u s t e r - i p - r a n g e   a n d   s e t s   t h e   . s p e c . i p F a m i l y P o l i c y   t o   S i n g l e S t a c k .   ( S e r v i c e s   w i t h o u t   s e l e c t o r s   a n d   h e a d l e s s   S e r v i c e s   w i t h   s e l e c t o r s   w i l l   b e h a v e   i n   t h i s   s a m e   w a y . ) s e r v i c e / n e t w o r k i n g / d u a l - s t a c k - d e f a u l t - s v c . y a m l   a p i V e r s i o n :   v 1   k i n d :   S e r v i c e   m e t a d a t a :   n a m e :   m y - s e r v i c e   l a b e l s :   a p p . k u b e r n e t e s . i o / n a m e :   M y A p p   s p e c :   s e l e c t o r :   a p p . k u b e r n e t e s . i o / n a m e :   M y A p p   p o r t s :   -   p r o t o c o l :   T C P   p o r t :   8 0   T h i s   S e r v i c e   s p e c i f i c a t i o n   e x p l i c i t l y   d e f i n e s   P r e f e r D u a l S t a c k   i n   . s p e c . i p F a m i l y P o l i c y .   W h e n   y o u   c r e a t e   t h i s   S e r v i c e   o n   a   d u a l - s t a c k   c l u s t e r ,   K u b e r n e t e s   a s s i g n s   b o t h   I P v 4   a n d   I P v 6   a d d r e s s e s   f o r   t h e   s e r v i c e .   T h e   c o n t r o l   p l a n e   u p d a t e s   t h e   . s p e c   f o r   t h e   S e r v i c e   t o   r e c o r d   t h e   I P   a d d r e s s   a s s i g n m e n t s .   T h e   f i e l d   . s p e c . c l u s t e r I P s   i s   t h e   p r i m a r y   f i e l d ,   a n d   c o n t a i n s   b o t h   a s s i g n e d   I P   a d d r e s s e s ;   . s p e c . c l u s t e r I P   i s   a   s e c o n d a r y   f i e l d   w i t h   i t s


Question: What is Dual-stack defaults on existing Services?

Answer: T h e s e   e x a m p l e s   d e m o n s t r a t e   t h e   d e f a u l t   b e h a v i o r   w h e n   d u a l - s t a c k   i s   n e w l y   e n a b l e d   o n   a   c l u s t e r   w h e r e   S e r v i c e s   a l r e a d y   e x i s t .   ( U p g r a d i n g   a n   e x i s t i n g   c l u s t e r   t o   1 . 2 1   o r   b e y o n d   w i l l   e n a b l e   d u a l - s t a c k . )   W h e n   d u a l - s t a c k   i s   e n a b l e d   o n   a   c l u s t e r ,   e x i s t i n g   S e r v i c e s   ( w h e t h e r   I P v 4   o r   I P v 6 )   a r e   c o n f i g u r e d   b y   t h e   c o n t r o l   p l a n e   t o   s e t   . s p e c . i p F a m i l y P o l i c y   t o   S i n g l e S t a c k   a n d   s e t   . s p e c . i p F a m i l i e s   t o   t h e   a d d r e s s   f a m i l y   o f   t h e   e x i s t i n g   S e r v i c e .   T h e   e x i s t i n g   S e r v i c e   c l u s t e r   I P   w i l l   b e   s t o r e d   i n   . s p e c . c l u s t e r I P s . s e r v i c e / n e t w o r k i n g / d u a l - s t a c k - d e f a u l t - s v c . y a m l   a p i V e r s i o n :   v 1   k i n d :   S e r v i c e   m e t a d a t a :   n a m e :   m y - s e r v i c e   l a b e l s :   a p p . k u b e r n e t e s . i o / n a m e :   M y A p p   s p e c :   s e l e c t o r :   a p p . k u b e r n e t e s . i o / n a m e :   M y A p p   p o r t s :   -   p r o t o c o l :   T C P   p o r t :   8 0   Y o u   c a n   v a l i d a t e   t h i s   b e h a v i o r   b y   u s i n g   k u b e c t l   t o   i n s p e c t   a n   e x i s t i n g   s e r v i c e . k u b e c t l   g e t   s v c   m y - s e r v i c e   - o   y a m l   a p i V e r s i o n :   v 1   k i n d :   S e r v i c e   m e t a d a t a :   l a b e l s :   a p p . k u b e r n e t e s . i o / n a m e :   M y A p p   n a m e :   m y - s e r v i c e   s p e c :   c l u s t e r I P :   1 0 . 0 . 1 9 7 . 1 2 3   c l u s t e r I P s :   -   1 0 . 0 . 1 9 7 . 1 2 3   i p F a m i l i e s :   -   I P v 4


Question: What is Switching Services between single-stack and dual-stack?

Answer: S e r v i c e s   c a n   b e   c h a n g e d   f r o m   s i n g l e - s t a c k   t o   d u a l - s t a c k   a n d   f r o m   d u a l - s t a c k   t o   s i n g l e - s t a c k .   T o   c h a n g e   a   S e r v i c e   f r o m   s i n g l e - s t a c k   t o   d u a l - s t a c k ,   c h a n g e   . s p e c . i p F a m i l y P o l i c y   f r o m   S i n g l e S t a c k   t o   P r e f e r D u a l S t a c k   o r   R e q u i r e D u a l S t a c k   a s   d e s i r e d .   W h e n   y o u   c h a n g e   t h i s   S e r v i c e   f r o m   s i n g l e - s t a c k   t o   d u a l - s t a c k ,   K u b e r n e t e s   a s s i g n s   t h e   m i s s i n g   a d d r e s s   f a m i l y   s o   t h a t   t h e   S e r v i c e   n o w   h a s   I P v 4   a n d   I P v 6   a d d r e s s e s . E d i t   t h e   S e r v i c e   s p e c i f i c a t i o n   u p d a t i n g   t h e   . s p e c . i p F a m i l y P o l i c y   f r o m   S i n g l e S t a c k   t o   P r e f e r D u a l S t a c k . B e f o r e : s p e c :   i p F a m i l y P o l i c y :   S i n g l e S t a c k   A f t e r : s p e c :   i p F a m i l y P o l i c y :   P r e f e r D u a l S t a c k   T o   c h a n g e   a   S e r v i c e   f r o m   d u a l - s t a c k   t o   s i n g l e - s t a c k ,   c h a n g e   . s p e c . i p F a m i l y P o l i c y   f r o m   P r e f e r D u a l S t a c k   o r   R e q u i r e D u a l S t a c k   t o   S i n g l e S t a c k .   W h e n   y o u   c h a n g e   t h i s   S e r v i c e   f r o m   d u a l - s t a c k   t o   s i n g l e - s t a c k ,   K u b e r n e t e s   r e t a i n s   o n l y   t h e   f i r s t   e l e m e n t   i n   t h e   . s p e c . c l u s t e r I P s   a r r a y ,   a n d   s e t s   . s p e c . c l u s t e r I P   t o   t h a t   I P   a d d r e s s   a n d   s e t s   . s p e c . i p F a m i l i e s   t o   t h e   a d d r e s s   f a m i l y   o f   . s p e c . c l u s t e r I P s .   T o   c h a n g e   a   S e r v i c e   f r o m   s


Question: What is Headless Services without selector?

Answer: F o r   H e a d l e s s   S e r v i c e s   w i t h o u t   s e l e c t o r s   a n d   w i t h o u t   . s p e c . i p F a m i l y P o l i c y   e x p l i c i t l y   s e t ,   t h e   . s p e c . i p F a m i l y P o l i c y   f i e l d   d e f a u l t s   t o   R e q u i r e D u a l S t a c k .


Question: What is Service type LoadBalancer?

Answer: T o   p r o v i s i o n   a   d u a l - s t a c k   l o a d   b a l a n c e r   f o r   y o u r   S e r v i c e :   S e t   t h e   . s p e c . t y p e   f i e l d   t o   L o a d B a l a n c e r S e t   . s p e c . i p F a m i l y P o l i c y   f i e l d   t o   P r e f e r D u a l S t a c k   o r   R e q u i r e D u a l S t a c k


Question: What is Egress traffic?

Answer: I f   y o u   w a n t   t o   e n a b l e   e g r e s s   t r a f f i c   i n   o r d e r   t o   r e a c h   o f f - c l u s t e r   d e s t i n a t i o n s   ( e g .   t h e   p u b l i c   I n t e r n e t )   f r o m   a   P o d   t h a t   u s e s   n o n - p u b l i c l y   r o u t a b l e   I P v 6   a d d r e s s e s ,   y o u   n e e d   t o   e n a b l e   t h e   P o d   t o   u s e   a   p u b l i c l y   r o u t e d   I P v 6   a d d r e s s   v i a   a   m e c h a n i s m   s u c h   a s   t r a n s p a r e n t   p r o x y i n g   o r   I P   m a s q u e r a d i n g .   T h e   i p - m a s q - a g e n t   p r o j e c t   s u p p o r t s   I P   m a s q u e r a d i n g   o n   d u a l - s t a c k   c l u s t e r s .


Question: What is Windows support?

Answer: K u b e r n e t e s   o n   W i n d o w s   d o e s   n o t   s u p p o r t   s i n g l e - s t a c k   " I P v 6 - o n l y "   n e t w o r k i n g .   H o w e v e r ,   d u a l - s t a c k   I P v 4 / I P v 6   n e t w o r k i n g   f o r   p o d s   a n d   n o d e s   w i t h   s i n g l e - f a m i l y   s e r v i c e s   i s   s u p p o r t e d .   Y o u   c a n   u s e   I P v 4 / I P v 6   d u a l - s t a c k   n e t w o r k i n g   w i t h   l 2 b r i d g e   n e t w o r k s .


Question: What is Note:?

Answer: Y o u   c a n   r e a d   m o r e   a b o u t   t h e   d i f f e r e n t   n e t w o r k   m o d e s   f o r   W i n d o w s   w i t h i n   t h e   N e t w o r k i n g   o n   W i n d o w s   t o p i c .


Question: What is What's next?

Answer: V a l i d a t e   I P v 4 / I P v 6   d u a l - s t a c k   n e t w o r k i n g E n a b l e   d u a l - s t a c k   n e t w o r k i n g   u s i n g   k u b e a d m


Question: What is PersistentVolumeClaim?

Answer: PersistentVolumeClaimPersistentVolumeClaim is a user's request for and claim to a persistent volume.apiVersion: v1import "k8s.io/api/core/v1"PersistentVolumeClaimPersistentVolumeClaim is a user's request for and claim to a persistent volumeapiVersion: v1kind: PersistentVolumeClaimmetadata (ObjectMeta)Standard object's metadata. More info: https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/sig-architecture/api-conventions.md#metadataspec (PersistentVolumeClaimSpec)spec defines the desired characteristics of a volume requested by a pod author. More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes#persistentvolumeclaimsstatus (PersistentVolumeClaimStatus)status represents the current information/status of a persistent volume claim. Read-only. More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes#persistentvolumeclaimsPersistentVolumeClaimSpecPersistentVolumeClaimSpec describes the common attributes of storage devices and allows a Source for provider-specific attributesaccessModes ([]string)Atomic: will be replaced during a mergeaccessModes contains the desired access modes the volume should have. More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes#access-modes-1selector (LabelSelector)selector is a label query over volumes to consider for binding.resources (VolumeResourceRequirements)resources represents the minimum resources the volume should have. If RecoverVolumeExpansionFailure feature is enabled users are allowed to specify resource requirements that are lower than previous value but must still be higher than capacity recorded in the status field of the claim. More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes#resourcesVolumeResourceRequirements describes the storage resource requirements for a volume.resources.limits (map[string]Quantity)Limits describes the maximum amount of compute resources allowed. More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/manage-resources-containers/resources.requests (map[string]Quantity)Requests describes the minimum amount of compute resources required. If Requests is omitted for a container, it defaults to Limits if that is explicitly specified, otherwise to an implementation-defined value. Requests cannot exceed Limits. More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/manage-resources-containers/volumeName (string)volumeName is the binding reference to the PersistentVolume backing this claim.storageClassName (string)storageClassName is the name of the StorageClass required by the claim. More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes#class-1volumeMode (string)volumeMode defines what type of volume is required by the claim. Value of Filesystem is implied when not included in claim spec.Beta leveldataSource (TypedLocalObjectReference)dataSource field can be used to specify either: * An existing VolumeSnapshot object (snapshot.storage.k8s.io/VolumeSnapshot) * An existing PVC (Persist


Question: How does PersistentVolumeClaim work?

Answer: PersistentVolumeClaimPersistentVolumeClaim is a user's request for and claim to a persistent volume.apiVersion: v1import "k8s.io/api/core/v1"PersistentVolumeClaimPersistentVolumeClaim is a user's request for and claim to a persistent volumeapiVersion: v1kind: PersistentVolumeClaimmetadata (ObjectMeta)Standard object's metadata. More info: https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/sig-architecture/api-conventions.md#metadataspec (PersistentVolumeClaimSpec)spec defines the desired characteristics of a volume requested by a pod author. More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes#persistentvolumeclaimsstatus (PersistentVolumeClaimStatus)status represents the current information/status of a persistent volume claim. Read-only. More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes#persistentvolumeclaimsPersistentVolumeClaimSpecPersistentVolumeClaimSpec describes the common attributes of storage devices and allows a Source for provider-specific attributesaccessModes ([]string)Atomic: will be replaced during a mergeaccessModes contains the desired access modes the volume should have. More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes#access-modes-1selector (LabelSelector)selector is a label query over volumes to consider for binding.resources (VolumeResourceRequirements)resources represents the minimum resources the volume should have. If RecoverVolumeExpansionFailure feature is enabled users are allowed to specify resource requirements that are lower than previous value but must still be higher than capacity recorded in the status field of the claim. More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes#resourcesVolumeResourceRequirements describes the storage resource requirements for a volume.resources.limits (map[string]Quantity)Limits describes the maximum amount of compute resources allowed. More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/manage-resources-containers/resources.requests (map[string]Quantity)Requests describes the minimum amount of compute resources required. If Requests is omitted for a container, it defaults to Limits if that is explicitly specified, otherwise to an implementation-defined value. Requests cannot exceed Limits. More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/manage-resources-containers/volumeName (string)volumeName is the binding reference to the PersistentVolume backing this claim.storageClassName (string)storageClassName is the name of the StorageClass required by the claim. More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes#class-1volumeMode (string)volumeMode defines what type of volume is required by the claim. Value of Filesystem is implied when not included in claim spec.Beta leveldataSource (TypedLocalObjectReference)dataSource field can be used to specify either: * An existing VolumeSnapshot object (snapshot.storage.k8s.io/VolumeSnapshot) * An existing PVC (Persist


Question: When would you use PersistentVolumeClaim?

Answer: PersistentVolumeClaimPersistentVolumeClaim is a user's request for and claim to a persistent volume.apiVersion: v1import "k8s.io/api/core/v1"PersistentVolumeClaimPersistentVolumeClaim is a user's request for and claim to a persistent volumeapiVersion: v1kind: PersistentVolumeClaimmetadata (ObjectMeta)Standard object's metadata. More info: https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/sig-architecture/api-conventions.md#metadataspec (PersistentVolumeClaimSpec)spec defines the desired characteristics of a volume requested by a pod author. More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes#persistentvolumeclaimsstatus (PersistentVolumeClaimStatus)status represents the current information/status of a persistent volume claim. Read-only. More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes#persistentvolumeclaimsPersistentVolumeClaimSpecPersistentVolumeClaimSpec describes the common attributes of storage devices and allows a Source for provider-specific attributesaccessModes ([]string)Atomic: will be replaced during a mergeaccessModes contains the desired access modes the volume should have. More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes#access-modes-1selector (LabelSelector)selector is a label query over volumes to consider for binding.resources (VolumeResourceRequirements)resources represents the minimum resources the volume should have. If RecoverVolumeExpansionFailure feature is enabled users are allowed to specify resource requirements that are lower than previous value but must still be higher than capacity recorded in the status field of the claim. More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes#resourcesVolumeResourceRequirements describes the storage resource requirements for a volume.resources.limits (map[string]Quantity)Limits describes the maximum amount of compute resources allowed. More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/manage-resources-containers/resources.requests (map[string]Quantity)Requests describes the minimum amount of compute resources required. If Requests is omitted for a container, it defaults to Limits if that is explicitly specified, otherwise to an implementation-defined value. Requests cannot exceed Limits. More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/manage-resources-containers/volumeName (string)volumeName is the binding reference to the PersistentVolume backing this claim.storageClassName (string)storageClassName is the name of the StorageClass required by the claim. More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes#class-1volumeMode (string)volumeMode defines what type of volume is required by the claim. Value of Filesystem is implied when not included in claim spec.Beta leveldataSource (TypedLocalObjectReference)dataSource field can be used to specify either: * An existing VolumeSnapshot object (snapshot.storage.k8s.io/VolumeSnapshot) * An existing PVC (Persist


Question: What are the benefits of PersistentVolumeClaim?

Answer: PersistentVolumeClaimPersistentVolumeClaim is a user's request for and claim to a persistent volume.apiVersion: v1import "k8s.io/api/core/v1"PersistentVolumeClaimPersistentVolumeClaim is a user's request for and claim to a persistent volumeapiVersion: v1kind: PersistentVolumeClaimmetadata (ObjectMeta)Standard object's metadata. More info: https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/sig-architecture/api-conventions.md#metadataspec (PersistentVolumeClaimSpec)spec defines the desired characteristics of a volume requested by a pod author. More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes#persistentvolumeclaimsstatus (PersistentVolumeClaimStatus)status represents the current information/status of a persistent volume claim. Read-only. More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes#persistentvolumeclaimsPersistentVolumeClaimSpecPersistentVolumeClaimSpec describes the common attributes of storage devices and allows a Source for provider-specific attributesaccessModes ([]string)Atomic: will be replaced during a mergeaccessModes contains the desired access modes the volume should have. More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes#access-modes-1selector (LabelSelector)selector is a label query over volumes to consider for binding.resources (VolumeResourceRequirements)resources represents the minimum resources the volume should have. If RecoverVolumeExpansionFailure feature is enabled users are allowed to specify resource requirements that are lower than previous value but must still be higher than capacity recorded in the status field of the claim. More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes#resourcesVolumeResourceRequirements describes the storage resource requirements for a volume.resources.limits (map[string]Quantity)Limits describes the maximum amount of compute resources allowed. More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/manage-resources-containers/resources.requests (map[string]Quantity)Requests describes the minimum amount of compute resources required. If Requests is omitted for a container, it defaults to Limits if that is explicitly specified, otherwise to an implementation-defined value. Requests cannot exceed Limits. More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/manage-resources-containers/volumeName (string)volumeName is the binding reference to the PersistentVolume backing this claim.storageClassName (string)storageClassName is the name of the StorageClass required by the claim. More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes#class-1volumeMode (string)volumeMode defines what type of volume is required by the claim. Value of Filesystem is implied when not included in claim spec.Beta leveldataSource (TypedLocalObjectReference)dataSource field can be used to specify either: * An existing VolumeSnapshot object (snapshot.storage.k8s.io/VolumeSnapshot) * An existing PVC (Persist


Question: What is PersistentVolumeClaim?

Answer: a p i V e r s i o n :   v 1   i m p o r t   " k 8 s . i o / a p i / c o r e / v 1 "


Question: What is PersistentVolumeClaim?

Answer: P e r s i s t e n t V o l u m e C l a i m   i s   a   u s e r ' s   r e q u e s t   f o r   a n d   c l a i m   t o   a   p e r s i s t e n t   v o l u m e   a p i V e r s i o n :   v 1 k i n d :   P e r s i s t e n t V o l u m e C l a i m m e t a d a t a   ( O b j e c t M e t a ) S t a n d a r d   o b j e c t ' s   m e t a d a t a .   M o r e   i n f o :   h t t p s : / / g i t . k 8 s . i o / c o m m u n i t y / c o n t r i b u t o r s / d e v e l / s i g - a r c h i t e c t u r e / a p i - c o n v e n t i o n s . m d # m e t a d a t a s p e c   ( P e r s i s t e n t V o l u m e C l a i m S p e c ) s p e c   d e f i n e s   t h e   d e s i r e d   c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s   o f   a   v o l u m e   r e q u e s t e d   b y   a   p o d   a u t h o r .   M o r e   i n f o :   h t t p s : / / k u b e r n e t e s . i o / d o c s / c o n c e p t s / s t o r a g e / p e r s i s t e n t - v o l u m e s # p e r s i s t e n t v o l u m e c l a i m s s t a t u s   ( P e r s i s t e n t V o l u m e C l a i m S t a t u s ) s t a t u s   r e p r e s e n t s   t h e   c u r r e n t   i n f o r m a t i o n / s t a t u s   o f   a   p e r s i s t e n t   v o l u m e   c l a i m .   R e a d - o n l y .   M o r e   i n f o :   h t t p s : / / k u b e r n e t e s . i o / d o c s / c o n c e p t s / s t o r a g e / p e r s i s t e n t - v o l u m e s # p e r s i s t e n t v o l u m e c l a i m s   a p i V e r s i o n :   v 1   k i n d :   P e r s i s t e n t V o l u m e C l a i m   m e t a d a t a   ( O b j e c t M e t a )   S t a n d a r d   o b j e c t ' s   m e t a d a t a .   M o r e   i n f o :   h t t p s : / / g i t . k 8 s . i o / c o m m u n i t y / c o n t r i b u t o r s / d e v e l / s i g - a r c h i t e c t u r e / a p i - c o n v e n t i o n s . m d # m e t a d a t a   s p e c   ( P e r s i s t e n t V o l u m e C l a i m S p e c )   s p e c   d e f i n e s   t h e   d e s i r e d   c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s   o f   a   v o l u m e   r e q u e s t e d   b y   a


Question: What is PersistentVolumeClaimSpec?

Answer: P e r s i s t e n t V o l u m e C l a i m S p e c   d e s c r i b e s   t h e   c o m m o n   a t t r i b u t e s   o f   s t o r a g e   d e v i c e s   a n d   a l l o w s   a   S o u r c e   f o r   p r o v i d e r - s p e c i f i c   a t t r i b u t e s   a c c e s s M o d e s   ( [ ] s t r i n g ) A t o m i c :   w i l l   b e   r e p l a c e d   d u r i n g   a   m e r g e a c c e s s M o d e s   c o n t a i n s   t h e   d e s i r e d   a c c e s s   m o d e s   t h e   v o l u m e   s h o u l d   h a v e .   M o r e   i n f o :   h t t p s : / / k u b e r n e t e s . i o / d o c s / c o n c e p t s / s t o r a g e / p e r s i s t e n t - v o l u m e s # a c c e s s - m o d e s - 1 s e l e c t o r   ( L a b e l S e l e c t o r ) s e l e c t o r   i s   a   l a b e l   q u e r y   o v e r   v o l u m e s   t o   c o n s i d e r   f o r   b i n d i n g . r e s o u r c e s   ( V o l u m e R e s o u r c e R e q u i r e m e n t s ) r e s o u r c e s   r e p r e s e n t s   t h e   m i n i m u m   r e s o u r c e s   t h e   v o l u m e   s h o u l d   h a v e .   I f   R e c o v e r V o l u m e E x p a n s i o n F a i l u r e   f e a t u r e   i s   e n a b l e d   u s e r s   a r e   a l l o w e d   t o   s p e c i f y   r e s o u r c e   r e q u i r e m e n t s   t h a t   a r e   l o w e r   t h a n   p r e v i o u s   v a l u e   b u t   m u s t   s t i l l   b e   h i g h e r   t h a n   c a p a c i t y   r e c o r d e d   i n   t h e   s t a t u s   f i e l d   o f   t h e   c l a i m .   M o r e   i n f o :   h t t p s : / / k u b e r n e t e s . i o / d o c s / c o n c e p t s / s t o r a g e / p e r s i s t e n t - v o l u m e s # r e s o u r c e s V o l u m e R e s o u r c e R e q u i r e m e n t s   d e s c r i b e s   t h e   s t o r a g e   r e s o u r c e   r e q u i r e m e n t s   f o r   a   v o l u m e . r e s o u r c e s . l i m i t s   ( m a p [ s t r i n g ] Q u a n t i t y ) L i m i t s   d e s c r i b e s   t h e   m a x i m u m   a m o u n


Question: What is Beta level?

Answer: d a t a S o u r c e   ( T y p e d L o c a l O b j e c t R e f e r e n c e ) d a t a S o u r c e   f i e l d   c a n   b e   u s e d   t o   s p e c i f y   e i t h e r :   *   A n   e x i s t i n g   V o l u m e S n a p s h o t   o b j e c t   ( s n a p s h o t . s t o r a g e . k 8 s . i o / V o l u m e S n a p s h o t )   *   A n   e x i s t i n g   P V C   ( P e r s i s t e n t V o l u m e C l a i m )   I f   t h e   p r o v i s i o n e r   o r   a n   e x t e r n a l   c o n t r o l l e r   c a n   s u p p o r t   t h e   s p e c i f i e d   d a t a   s o u r c e ,   i t   w i l l   c r e a t e   a   n e w   v o l u m e   b a s e d   o n   t h e   c o n t e n t s   o f   t h e   s p e c i f i e d   d a t a   s o u r c e .   W h e n   t h e   A n y V o l u m e D a t a S o u r c e   f e a t u r e   g a t e   i s   e n a b l e d ,   d a t a S o u r c e   c o n t e n t s   w i l l   b e   c o p i e d   t o   d a t a S o u r c e R e f ,   a n d   d a t a S o u r c e R e f   c o n t e n t s   w i l l   b e   c o p i e d   t o   d a t a S o u r c e   w h e n   d a t a S o u r c e R e f . n a m e s p a c e   i s   n o t   s p e c i f i e d .   I f   t h e   n a m e s p a c e   i s   s p e c i f i e d ,   t h e n   d a t a S o u r c e R e f   w i l l   n o t   b e   c o p i e d   t o   d a t a S o u r c e . d a t a S o u r c e R e f   ( T y p e d O b j e c t R e f e r e n c e ) d a t a S o u r c e R e f   s p e c i f i e s   t h e   o b j e c t   f r o m   w h i c h   t o   p o p u l a t e   t h e   v o l u m e   w i t h   d a t a ,   i f   a   n o n - e m p t y   v o l u m e   i s   d e s i r e d .   T h i s   m a y   b e   a n y   o b j e c t   f r o m   a   n o n - e m p t y   A P I   g r o u p   ( n o n   c o r e   o b j e c t )   o r   a   P e r s i s t e n t V o l u m e C l a i m   o b j e c t .   W h e n   t h i s   f i e l d   i s   s p e c i f i e d ,   v o l u m e   b i n d i n g   w i l l   o n l y   s u c c e e d   i f   t h e   t y p e   o f   t h e   s p e


Question: What is PersistentVolumeClaimStatus?

Answer: P e r s i s t e n t V o l u m e C l a i m S t a t u s   i s   t h e   c u r r e n t   s t a t u s   o f   a   p e r s i s t e n t   v o l u m e   c l a i m .   a c c e s s M o d e s   ( [ ] s t r i n g ) A t o m i c :   w i l l   b e   r e p l a c e d   d u r i n g   a   m e r g e a c c e s s M o d e s   c o n t a i n s   t h e   a c t u a l   a c c e s s   m o d e s   t h e   v o l u m e   b a c k i n g   t h e   P V C   h a s .   M o r e   i n f o :   h t t p s : / / k u b e r n e t e s . i o / d o c s / c o n c e p t s / s t o r a g e / p e r s i s t e n t - v o l u m e s # a c c e s s - m o d e s - 1 a l l o c a t e d R e s o u r c e S t a t u s e s   ( m a p [ s t r i n g ] s t r i n g ) a l l o c a t e d R e s o u r c e S t a t u s e s   s t o r e s   s t a t u s   o f   r e s o u r c e   b e i n g   r e s i z e d   f o r   t h e   g i v e n   P V C .   K e y   n a m e s   f o l l o w   s t a n d a r d   K u b e r n e t e s   l a b e l   s y n t a x .   V a l i d   v a l u e s   a r e   e i t h e r :   *   U n - p r e f i x e d   k e y s :   -   s t o r a g e   -   t h e   c a p a c i t y   o f   t h e   v o l u m e .   *   C u s t o m   r e s o u r c e s   m u s t   u s e   i m p l e m e n t a t i o n - d e f i n e d   p r e f i x e d   n a m e s   s u c h   a s   " e x a m p l e . c o m / m y - c u s t o m - r e s o u r c e "   A p a r t   f r o m   a b o v e   v a l u e s   -   k e y s   t h a t   a r e   u n p r e f i x e d   o r   h a v e   k u b e r n e t e s . i o   p r e f i x   a r e   c o n s i d e r e d   r e s e r v e d   a n d   h e n c e   m a y   n o t   b e   u s e d . C l a i m R e s o u r c e S t a t u s   c a n   b e   i n   a n y   o f   f o l l o w i n g   s t a t e s :   -   C o n t r o l l e r R e s i z e I n P r o g r e s s :   S t a t e   s e t   w h e n   r e s i z e   c o n t r o l l e r   s t a r t s   r e s i z i n g   t h e   v o l u m e   i n   c o n t r o l - p l a n e .   -   C o n t r o l l e r R e s i z e F a i l e d :   S t


Question: What is PersistentVolumeClaimList?

Answer: P e r s i s t e n t V o l u m e C l a i m L i s t   i s   a   l i s t   o f   P e r s i s t e n t V o l u m e C l a i m   i t e m s .   a p i V e r s i o n :   v 1 k i n d :   P e r s i s t e n t V o l u m e C l a i m L i s t m e t a d a t a   ( L i s t M e t a ) S t a n d a r d   l i s t   m e t a d a t a .   M o r e   i n f o :   h t t p s : / / g i t . k 8 s . i o / c o m m u n i t y / c o n t r i b u t o r s / d e v e l / s i g - a r c h i t e c t u r e / a p i - c o n v e n t i o n s . m d # t y p e s - k i n d s i t e m s   ( [ ] P e r s i s t e n t V o l u m e C l a i m ) ,   r e q u i r e d i t e m s   i s   a   l i s t   o f   p e r s i s t e n t   v o l u m e   c l a i m s .   M o r e   i n f o :   h t t p s : / / k u b e r n e t e s . i o / d o c s / c o n c e p t s / s t o r a g e / p e r s i s t e n t - v o l u m e s # p e r s i s t e n t v o l u m e c l a i m s   a p i V e r s i o n :   v 1   k i n d :   P e r s i s t e n t V o l u m e C l a i m L i s t   m e t a d a t a   ( L i s t M e t a )   S t a n d a r d   l i s t   m e t a d a t a .   M o r e   i n f o :   h t t p s : / / g i t . k 8 s . i o / c o m m u n i t y / c o n t r i b u t o r s / d e v e l / s i g - a r c h i t e c t u r e / a p i - c o n v e n t i o n s . m d # t y p e s - k i n d s   i t e m s   ( [ ] P e r s i s t e n t V o l u m e C l a i m ) ,   r e q u i r e d   i t e m s   i s   a   l i s t   o f   p e r s i s t e n t   v o l u m e   c l a i m s .   M o r e   i n f o :   h t t p s : / / k u b e r n e t e s . i o / d o c s / c o n c e p t s / s t o r a g e / p e r s i s t e n t - v o l u m e s # p e r s i s t e n t v o l u m e c l a i m s


Question: What is HTTP Request?

Answer: G E T   / a p i / v 1 / n a m e s p a c e s / { n a m e s p a c e } / p e r s i s t e n t v o l u m e c l a i m s / { n a m e }


Question: What is Parameters?

Answer: n a m e   ( i n   p a t h ) :   s t r i n g ,   r e q u i r e d n a m e   o f   t h e   P e r s i s t e n t V o l u m e C l a i m n a m e s p a c e   ( i n   p a t h ) :   s t r i n g ,   r e q u i r e d n a m e s p a c e p r e t t y   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g p r e t t y   n a m e   ( i n   p a t h ) :   s t r i n g ,   r e q u i r e d   n a m e   o f   t h e   P e r s i s t e n t V o l u m e C l a i m   n a m e s p a c e   ( i n   p a t h ) :   s t r i n g ,   r e q u i r e d   n a m e s p a c e   p r e t t y   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   p r e t t y


Question: What is Response?

Answer: 2 0 0   ( P e r s i s t e n t V o l u m e C l a i m ) :   O K   4 0 1 :   U n a u t h o r i z e d


Question: What is HTTP Request?

Answer: G E T   / a p i / v 1 / n a m e s p a c e s / { n a m e s p a c e } / p e r s i s t e n t v o l u m e c l a i m s / { n a m e } / s t a t u s


Question: What is Parameters?

Answer: n a m e   ( i n   p a t h ) :   s t r i n g ,   r e q u i r e d n a m e   o f   t h e   P e r s i s t e n t V o l u m e C l a i m n a m e s p a c e   ( i n   p a t h ) :   s t r i n g ,   r e q u i r e d n a m e s p a c e p r e t t y   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g p r e t t y   n a m e   ( i n   p a t h ) :   s t r i n g ,   r e q u i r e d   n a m e   o f   t h e   P e r s i s t e n t V o l u m e C l a i m   n a m e s p a c e   ( i n   p a t h ) :   s t r i n g ,   r e q u i r e d   n a m e s p a c e   p r e t t y   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   p r e t t y


Question: What is Response?

Answer: 2 0 0   ( P e r s i s t e n t V o l u m e C l a i m ) :   O K   4 0 1 :   U n a u t h o r i z e d


Question: What is HTTP Request?

Answer: G E T   / a p i / v 1 / n a m e s p a c e s / { n a m e s p a c e } / p e r s i s t e n t v o l u m e c l a i m s


Question: What is Parameters?

Answer: n a m e s p a c e   ( i n   p a t h ) :   s t r i n g ,   r e q u i r e d n a m e s p a c e a l l o w W a t c h B o o k m a r k s   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   b o o l e a n a l l o w W a t c h B o o k m a r k s c o n t i n u e   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g c o n t i n u e f i e l d S e l e c t o r   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g f i e l d S e l e c t o r l a b e l S e l e c t o r   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g l a b e l S e l e c t o r l i m i t   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   i n t e g e r l i m i t p r e t t y   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g p r e t t y r e s o u r c e V e r s i o n   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g r e s o u r c e V e r s i o n r e s o u r c e V e r s i o n M a t c h   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g r e s o u r c e V e r s i o n M a t c h s e n d I n i t i a l E v e n t s   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   b o o l e a n s e n d I n i t i a l E v e n t s t i m e o u t S e c o n d s   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   i n t e g e r t i m e o u t S e c o n d s w a t c h   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   b o o l e a n w a t c h   n a m e s p a c e   ( i n   p a t h ) :   s t r i n g ,   r e q u i r e d   n a m e s p a c e   a l l o w W a t c h B o o k m a r k s   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   b o o l e a n   a l l o w W a t c h B o o k m a r k s   c o n t i n u e   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   c o n t i n u e   f i e l d S e l e c t o r   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   f i e l d S e l e c t o r   l a b e l S e l e c t o r   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   l a b e l S e l e c t o r   l i m i t   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   i n t e g e r   l i m i t   p r e t t y   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   p r e t t y   r e s o u r c e V e r s i o n   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   r e s o u r c e V e r s i o n   r e s o u r c e V e r s i o n M a t c h   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   r e s o u r c e V e r s i o n M a t c h   s e n d I n i t i a l E v e n t s   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   b o o l e a n   s e n d I n i t i a l E v e n


Question: What is Response?

Answer: 2 0 0   ( P e r s i s t e n t V o l u m e C l a i m L i s t ) :   O K   4 0 1 :   U n a u t h o r i z e d


Question: What is HTTP Request?

Answer: G E T   / a p i / v 1 / p e r s i s t e n t v o l u m e c l a i m s


Question: What is Parameters?

Answer: a l l o w W a t c h B o o k m a r k s   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   b o o l e a n a l l o w W a t c h B o o k m a r k s c o n t i n u e   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g c o n t i n u e f i e l d S e l e c t o r   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g f i e l d S e l e c t o r l a b e l S e l e c t o r   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g l a b e l S e l e c t o r l i m i t   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   i n t e g e r l i m i t p r e t t y   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g p r e t t y r e s o u r c e V e r s i o n   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g r e s o u r c e V e r s i o n r e s o u r c e V e r s i o n M a t c h   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g r e s o u r c e V e r s i o n M a t c h s e n d I n i t i a l E v e n t s   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   b o o l e a n s e n d I n i t i a l E v e n t s t i m e o u t S e c o n d s   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   i n t e g e r t i m e o u t S e c o n d s w a t c h   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   b o o l e a n w a t c h   a l l o w W a t c h B o o k m a r k s   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   b o o l e a n   a l l o w W a t c h B o o k m a r k s   c o n t i n u e   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   c o n t i n u e   f i e l d S e l e c t o r   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   f i e l d S e l e c t o r   l a b e l S e l e c t o r   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   l a b e l S e l e c t o r   l i m i t   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   i n t e g e r   l i m i t   p r e t t y   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   p r e t t y   r e s o u r c e V e r s i o n   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   r e s o u r c e V e r s i o n   r e s o u r c e V e r s i o n M a t c h   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   r e s o u r c e V e r s i o n M a t c h   s e n d I n i t i a l E v e n t s   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   b o o l e a n   s e n d I n i t i a l E v e n t s   t i m e o u t S e c o n d s   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   i n t e g e r   t i m e o u t S e c o n d s   w a t c h   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   b o o l e a n   w a t c h


Question: What is Response?

Answer: 2 0 0   ( P e r s i s t e n t V o l u m e C l a i m L i s t ) :   O K   4 0 1 :   U n a u t h o r i z e d


Question: What is HTTP Request?

Answer: P O S T   / a p i / v 1 / n a m e s p a c e s / { n a m e s p a c e } / p e r s i s t e n t v o l u m e c l a i m s


Question: What is Parameters?

Answer: n a m e s p a c e   ( i n   p a t h ) :   s t r i n g ,   r e q u i r e d n a m e s p a c e b o d y :   P e r s i s t e n t V o l u m e C l a i m ,   r e q u i r e d d r y R u n   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g d r y R u n f i e l d M a n a g e r   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g f i e l d M a n a g e r f i e l d V a l i d a t i o n   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g f i e l d V a l i d a t i o n p r e t t y   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g p r e t t y   n a m e s p a c e   ( i n   p a t h ) :   s t r i n g ,   r e q u i r e d   n a m e s p a c e   b o d y :   P e r s i s t e n t V o l u m e C l a i m ,   r e q u i r e d   d r y R u n   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   d r y R u n   f i e l d M a n a g e r   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   f i e l d M a n a g e r   f i e l d V a l i d a t i o n   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   f i e l d V a l i d a t i o n   p r e t t y   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   p r e t t y


Question: What is Response?

Answer: 2 0 0   ( P e r s i s t e n t V o l u m e C l a i m ) :   O K   2 0 1   ( P e r s i s t e n t V o l u m e C l a i m ) :   C r e a t e d   2 0 2   ( P e r s i s t e n t V o l u m e C l a i m ) :   A c c e p t e d   4 0 1 :   U n a u t h o r i z e d


Question: What is HTTP Request?

Answer: P U T   / a p i / v 1 / n a m e s p a c e s / { n a m e s p a c e } / p e r s i s t e n t v o l u m e c l a i m s / { n a m e }