Question: When would you use Scale a StatefulSet?

Answer: Scale a StatefulSetThis task shows how to scale a StatefulSet. Scaling a StatefulSet refers to increasing or decreasing the number of replicas.Before you beginStatefulSets are only available in Kubernetes version 1.5 or later. To check your version of Kubernetes, run kubectl version.Not all stateful applications scale nicely. If you are unsure about whether to scale your StatefulSets, see StatefulSet concepts or StatefulSet tutorial for further information.You should perform scaling only when you are confident that your stateful application cluster is completely healthy.Scaling StatefulSetsUse kubectl to scale StatefulSetsFirst, find the StatefulSet you want to scale.kubectl get statefulsets <stateful-set-name> Change the number of replicas of your StatefulSet:kubectl scale statefulsets <stateful-set-name> --replicas=<new-replicas> Make in-place updates on your StatefulSetsAlternatively, you can do in-place updates on your StatefulSets.If your StatefulSet was initially created with kubectl apply, update .spec.replicas of the StatefulSet manifests, and then do a kubectl apply:kubectl apply -f <stateful-set-file-updated> Otherwise, edit that field with kubectl edit:kubectl edit statefulsets <stateful-set-name> Or use kubectl patch:kubectl patch statefulsets <stateful-set-name> -p '{"spec":{"replicas":<new-replicas>}}' TroubleshootingScaling down does not work rightYou cannot scale down a StatefulSet when any of the stateful Pods it manages is unhealthy. Scaling down only takes place after those stateful Pods become running and ready.If spec.replicas > 1, Kubernetes cannot determine the reason for an unhealthy Pod. It might be the result of a permanent fault or of a transient fault. A transient fault can be caused by a restart required by upgrading or maintenance.If the Pod is unhealthy due to a permanent fault, scaling without correcting the fault may lead to a state where the StatefulSet membership drops below a certain minimum number of replicas that are needed to function correctly. This may cause your StatefulSet to become unavailable.If the Pod is unhealthy due to a transient fault and the Pod might become available again, the transient error may interfere with your scale-up or scale-down operation. Some distributed databases have issues when nodes join and leave at the same time. It is better to reason about scaling operations at the application level in these cases, and perform scaling only when you are sure that your stateful application cluster is completely healthy.What's nextLearn more about deleting a StatefulSet.


Question: What are the benefits of Scale a StatefulSet?

Answer: Scale a StatefulSetThis task shows how to scale a StatefulSet. Scaling a StatefulSet refers to increasing or decreasing the number of replicas.Before you beginStatefulSets are only available in Kubernetes version 1.5 or later. To check your version of Kubernetes, run kubectl version.Not all stateful applications scale nicely. If you are unsure about whether to scale your StatefulSets, see StatefulSet concepts or StatefulSet tutorial for further information.You should perform scaling only when you are confident that your stateful application cluster is completely healthy.Scaling StatefulSetsUse kubectl to scale StatefulSetsFirst, find the StatefulSet you want to scale.kubectl get statefulsets <stateful-set-name> Change the number of replicas of your StatefulSet:kubectl scale statefulsets <stateful-set-name> --replicas=<new-replicas> Make in-place updates on your StatefulSetsAlternatively, you can do in-place updates on your StatefulSets.If your StatefulSet was initially created with kubectl apply, update .spec.replicas of the StatefulSet manifests, and then do a kubectl apply:kubectl apply -f <stateful-set-file-updated> Otherwise, edit that field with kubectl edit:kubectl edit statefulsets <stateful-set-name> Or use kubectl patch:kubectl patch statefulsets <stateful-set-name> -p '{"spec":{"replicas":<new-replicas>}}' TroubleshootingScaling down does not work rightYou cannot scale down a StatefulSet when any of the stateful Pods it manages is unhealthy. Scaling down only takes place after those stateful Pods become running and ready.If spec.replicas > 1, Kubernetes cannot determine the reason for an unhealthy Pod. It might be the result of a permanent fault or of a transient fault. A transient fault can be caused by a restart required by upgrading or maintenance.If the Pod is unhealthy due to a permanent fault, scaling without correcting the fault may lead to a state where the StatefulSet membership drops below a certain minimum number of replicas that are needed to function correctly. This may cause your StatefulSet to become unavailable.If the Pod is unhealthy due to a transient fault and the Pod might become available again, the transient error may interfere with your scale-up or scale-down operation. Some distributed databases have issues when nodes join and leave at the same time. It is better to reason about scaling operations at the application level in these cases, and perform scaling only when you are sure that your stateful application cluster is completely healthy.What's nextLearn more about deleting a StatefulSet.


Question: What is Scale a StatefulSet?

Answer: T h i s   t a s k   s h o w s   h o w   t o   s c a l e   a   S t a t e f u l S e t .   S c a l i n g   a   S t a t e f u l S e t   r e f e r s   t o   i n c r e a s i n g   o r   d e c r e a s i n g   t h e   n u m b e r   o f   r e p l i c a s .


Question: What is Before you begin?

Answer: S t a t e f u l S e t s   a r e   o n l y   a v a i l a b l e   i n   K u b e r n e t e s   v e r s i o n   1 . 5   o r   l a t e r .   T o   c h e c k   y o u r   v e r s i o n   o f   K u b e r n e t e s ,   r u n   k u b e c t l   v e r s i o n . N o t   a l l   s t a t e f u l   a p p l i c a t i o n s   s c a l e   n i c e l y .   I f   y o u   a r e   u n s u r e   a b o u t   w h e t h e r   t o   s c a l e   y o u r   S t a t e f u l S e t s ,   s e e   S t a t e f u l S e t   c o n c e p t s   o r   S t a t e f u l S e t   t u t o r i a l   f o r   f u r t h e r   i n f o r m a t i o n . Y o u   s h o u l d   p e r f o r m   s c a l i n g   o n l y   w h e n   y o u   a r e   c o n f i d e n t   t h a t   y o u r   s t a t e f u l   a p p l i c a t i o n   c l u s t e r   i s   c o m p l e t e l y   h e a l t h y .   S t a t e f u l S e t s   a r e   o n l y   a v a i l a b l e   i n   K u b e r n e t e s   v e r s i o n   1 . 5   o r   l a t e r .   T o   c h e c k   y o u r   v e r s i o n   o f   K u b e r n e t e s ,   r u n   k u b e c t l   v e r s i o n .   N o t   a l l   s t a t e f u l   a p p l i c a t i o n s   s c a l e   n i c e l y .   I f   y o u   a r e   u n s u r e   a b o u t   w h e t h e r   t o   s c a l e   y o u r   S t a t e f u l S e t s ,   s e e   S t a t e f u l S e t   c o n c e p t s   o r   S t a t e f u l S e t   t u t o r i a l   f o r   f u r t h e r   i n f o r m a t i o n .   Y o u   s h o u l d   p e r f o r m   s c a l i n g   o n l y   w h e n   y o u   a r e   c o n f i d e n t   t h a t   y o u r   s t a t e f u l   a p p l i c a t i o n   c l u s t e r   i s   c o m p l e t e l y   h e a l t h y .


Question: What is Use kubectl to scale StatefulSets?

Answer: F i r s t ,   f i n d   t h e   S t a t e f u l S e t   y o u   w a n t   t o   s c a l e .   k u b e c t l   g e t   s t a t e f u l s e t s   < s t a t e f u l - s e t - n a m e >   C h a n g e   t h e   n u m b e r   o f   r e p l i c a s   o f   y o u r   S t a t e f u l S e t :   k u b e c t l   s c a l e   s t a t e f u l s e t s   < s t a t e f u l - s e t - n a m e >   - - r e p l i c a s = < n e w - r e p l i c a s >


Question: What is Make in-place updates on your StatefulSets?

Answer: A l t e r n a t i v e l y ,   y o u   c a n   d o   i n - p l a c e   u p d a t e s   o n   y o u r   S t a t e f u l S e t s .   I f   y o u r   S t a t e f u l S e t   w a s   i n i t i a l l y   c r e a t e d   w i t h   k u b e c t l   a p p l y ,   u p d a t e   . s p e c . r e p l i c a s   o f   t h e   S t a t e f u l S e t   m a n i f e s t s ,   a n d   t h e n   d o   a   k u b e c t l   a p p l y :   k u b e c t l   a p p l y   - f   < s t a t e f u l - s e t - f i l e - u p d a t e d >   O t h e r w i s e ,   e d i t   t h a t   f i e l d   w i t h   k u b e c t l   e d i t :   k u b e c t l   e d i t   s t a t e f u l s e t s   < s t a t e f u l - s e t - n a m e >   O r   u s e   k u b e c t l   p a t c h :   k u b e c t l   p a t c h   s t a t e f u l s e t s   < s t a t e f u l - s e t - n a m e >   - p   ' { " s p e c " : { " r e p l i c a s " : < n e w - r e p l i c a s > } } '


Question: What is Scaling down does not work right?

Answer: Y o u   c a n n o t   s c a l e   d o w n   a   S t a t e f u l S e t   w h e n   a n y   o f   t h e   s t a t e f u l   P o d s   i t   m a n a g e s   i s   u n h e a l t h y .   S c a l i n g   d o w n   o n l y   t a k e s   p l a c e   a f t e r   t h o s e   s t a t e f u l   P o d s   b e c o m e   r u n n i n g   a n d   r e a d y .   I f   s p e c . r e p l i c a s   >   1 ,   K u b e r n e t e s   c a n n o t   d e t e r m i n e   t h e   r e a s o n   f o r   a n   u n h e a l t h y   P o d .   I t   m i g h t   b e   t h e   r e s u l t   o f   a   p e r m a n e n t   f a u l t   o r   o f   a   t r a n s i e n t   f a u l t .   A   t r a n s i e n t   f a u l t   c a n   b e   c a u s e d   b y   a   r e s t a r t   r e q u i r e d   b y   u p g r a d i n g   o r   m a i n t e n a n c e .   I f   t h e   P o d   i s   u n h e a l t h y   d u e   t o   a   p e r m a n e n t   f a u l t ,   s c a l i n g   w i t h o u t   c o r r e c t i n g   t h e   f a u l t   m a y   l e a d   t o   a   s t a t e   w h e r e   t h e   S t a t e f u l S e t   m e m b e r s h i p   d r o p s   b e l o w   a   c e r t a i n   m i n i m u m   n u m b e r   o f   r e p l i c a s   t h a t   a r e   n e e d e d   t o   f u n c t i o n   c o r r e c t l y .   T h i s   m a y   c a u s e   y o u r   S t a t e f u l S e t   t o   b e c o m e   u n a v a i l a b l e .   I f   t h e   P o d   i s   u n h e a l t h y   d u e   t o   a   t r a n s i e n t   f a u l t   a n d   t h e   P o d   m i g h t   b e c o m e   a v a i l a b l e   a g a i n ,   t h e   t r a n s i e n t   e r r o r   m a y   i n t e r f e r e   w i t h   y o u r   s c a l e - u p   o r   s c a l e - d o w n   o p e r a t i o n .   S o m e   d i s t r i b u t e d   d a t a b a s e s   h a v e   i s s u e s   w h e n   n o d e s   j o i n   a n d   l e a v e   a t   t h e   s a m e   t i m e .   I t   i s   b e t t e r   t o   r e a s o n   a b o u t   s c a l i n g   o p e r a t i o n s   a t   t h e   a p


Question: What is What's next?

Answer: L e a r n   m o r e   a b o u t   d e l e t i n g   a   S t a t e f u l S e t .


Question: What is kubectl apply set-last-applied?

Answer: kubectl apply set-last-appliedSynopsisSet the latest last-applied-configuration annotations by setting it to match the contents of a file. This results in the last-applied-configuration being updated as though 'kubectl apply -f<file> ' was run, without updating any other parts of the object.kubectl apply set-last-applied -f FILENAME Examples # Set the last-applied-configuration of a resource to match the contents of a file kubectl apply set-last-applied -f deploy.yaml # Execute set-last-applied against each configuration file in a directory kubectl apply set-last-applied -f path/ # Set the last-applied-configuration of a resource to match the contents of a file; will create the annotation if it does not already exist kubectl apply set-last-applied -f deploy.yaml --create-annotation=true Options--allow-missing-template-keys Default: trueIf true, ignore any errors in templates when a field or map key is missing in the template. Only applies to golang and jsonpath output formats.--create-annotationWill create 'last-applied-configuration' annotations if current objects doesn't have one--dry-run string[="unchanged"] Default: "none"Must be "none", "server", or "client". If client strategy, only print the object that would be sent, without sending it. If server strategy, submit server-side request without persisting the resource.-f, --filename stringsFilename, directory, or URL to files that contains the last-applied-configuration annotations-h, --helphelp for set-last-applied-o, --output stringOutput format. One of: (json, yaml, name, go-template, go-template-file, template, templatefile, jsonpath, jsonpath-as-json, jsonpath-file).--show-managed-fieldsIf true, keep the managedFields when printing objects in JSON or YAML format.--template stringTemplate string or path to template file to use when -o=go-template, -o=go-template-file. The template format is golang templates [http://golang.org/pkg/text/template/#pkg-overview].Parent Options Inherited--as stringUsername to impersonate for the operation. User could be a regular user or a service account in a namespace.--as-group stringsGroup to impersonate for the operation, this flag can be repeated to specify multiple groups.--as-uid stringUID to impersonate for the operation.--cache-dir string Default: "$HOME/.kube/cache"Default cache directory--certificate-authority stringPath to a cert file for the certificate authority--client-certificate stringPath to a client certificate file for TLS--client-key stringPath to a client key file for TLS--cluster stringThe name of the kubeconfig cluster to use--context stringThe name of the kubeconfig context to use--disable-compressionIf true, opt-out of response compression for all requests to the server--insecure-skip-tls-verifyIf true, the server's certificate will not be checked for validity. This will make your HTTPS connections insecure--kubeconfig stringPath to the kubeconfig file to use for CLI requests.--kuberc stringPath to the kuberc file to use for preferen


Question: How does kubectl apply set-last-applied work?

Answer: kubectl apply set-last-appliedSynopsisSet the latest last-applied-configuration annotations by setting it to match the contents of a file. This results in the last-applied-configuration being updated as though 'kubectl apply -f<file> ' was run, without updating any other parts of the object.kubectl apply set-last-applied -f FILENAME Examples # Set the last-applied-configuration of a resource to match the contents of a file kubectl apply set-last-applied -f deploy.yaml # Execute set-last-applied against each configuration file in a directory kubectl apply set-last-applied -f path/ # Set the last-applied-configuration of a resource to match the contents of a file; will create the annotation if it does not already exist kubectl apply set-last-applied -f deploy.yaml --create-annotation=true Options--allow-missing-template-keys Default: trueIf true, ignore any errors in templates when a field or map key is missing in the template. Only applies to golang and jsonpath output formats.--create-annotationWill create 'last-applied-configuration' annotations if current objects doesn't have one--dry-run string[="unchanged"] Default: "none"Must be "none", "server", or "client". If client strategy, only print the object that would be sent, without sending it. If server strategy, submit server-side request without persisting the resource.-f, --filename stringsFilename, directory, or URL to files that contains the last-applied-configuration annotations-h, --helphelp for set-last-applied-o, --output stringOutput format. One of: (json, yaml, name, go-template, go-template-file, template, templatefile, jsonpath, jsonpath-as-json, jsonpath-file).--show-managed-fieldsIf true, keep the managedFields when printing objects in JSON or YAML format.--template stringTemplate string or path to template file to use when -o=go-template, -o=go-template-file. The template format is golang templates [http://golang.org/pkg/text/template/#pkg-overview].Parent Options Inherited--as stringUsername to impersonate for the operation. User could be a regular user or a service account in a namespace.--as-group stringsGroup to impersonate for the operation, this flag can be repeated to specify multiple groups.--as-uid stringUID to impersonate for the operation.--cache-dir string Default: "$HOME/.kube/cache"Default cache directory--certificate-authority stringPath to a cert file for the certificate authority--client-certificate stringPath to a client certificate file for TLS--client-key stringPath to a client key file for TLS--cluster stringThe name of the kubeconfig cluster to use--context stringThe name of the kubeconfig context to use--disable-compressionIf true, opt-out of response compression for all requests to the server--insecure-skip-tls-verifyIf true, the server's certificate will not be checked for validity. This will make your HTTPS connections insecure--kubeconfig stringPath to the kubeconfig file to use for CLI requests.--kuberc stringPath to the kuberc file to use for preferen


Question: When would you use kubectl apply set-last-applied?

Answer: kubectl apply set-last-appliedSynopsisSet the latest last-applied-configuration annotations by setting it to match the contents of a file. This results in the last-applied-configuration being updated as though 'kubectl apply -f<file> ' was run, without updating any other parts of the object.kubectl apply set-last-applied -f FILENAME Examples # Set the last-applied-configuration of a resource to match the contents of a file kubectl apply set-last-applied -f deploy.yaml # Execute set-last-applied against each configuration file in a directory kubectl apply set-last-applied -f path/ # Set the last-applied-configuration of a resource to match the contents of a file; will create the annotation if it does not already exist kubectl apply set-last-applied -f deploy.yaml --create-annotation=true Options--allow-missing-template-keys Default: trueIf true, ignore any errors in templates when a field or map key is missing in the template. Only applies to golang and jsonpath output formats.--create-annotationWill create 'last-applied-configuration' annotations if current objects doesn't have one--dry-run string[="unchanged"] Default: "none"Must be "none", "server", or "client". If client strategy, only print the object that would be sent, without sending it. If server strategy, submit server-side request without persisting the resource.-f, --filename stringsFilename, directory, or URL to files that contains the last-applied-configuration annotations-h, --helphelp for set-last-applied-o, --output stringOutput format. One of: (json, yaml, name, go-template, go-template-file, template, templatefile, jsonpath, jsonpath-as-json, jsonpath-file).--show-managed-fieldsIf true, keep the managedFields when printing objects in JSON or YAML format.--template stringTemplate string or path to template file to use when -o=go-template, -o=go-template-file. The template format is golang templates [http://golang.org/pkg/text/template/#pkg-overview].Parent Options Inherited--as stringUsername to impersonate for the operation. User could be a regular user or a service account in a namespace.--as-group stringsGroup to impersonate for the operation, this flag can be repeated to specify multiple groups.--as-uid stringUID to impersonate for the operation.--cache-dir string Default: "$HOME/.kube/cache"Default cache directory--certificate-authority stringPath to a cert file for the certificate authority--client-certificate stringPath to a client certificate file for TLS--client-key stringPath to a client key file for TLS--cluster stringThe name of the kubeconfig cluster to use--context stringThe name of the kubeconfig context to use--disable-compressionIf true, opt-out of response compression for all requests to the server--insecure-skip-tls-verifyIf true, the server's certificate will not be checked for validity. This will make your HTTPS connections insecure--kubeconfig stringPath to the kubeconfig file to use for CLI requests.--kuberc stringPath to the kuberc file to use for preferen


Question: What are the benefits of kubectl apply set-last-applied?

Answer: kubectl apply set-last-appliedSynopsisSet the latest last-applied-configuration annotations by setting it to match the contents of a file. This results in the last-applied-configuration being updated as though 'kubectl apply -f<file> ' was run, without updating any other parts of the object.kubectl apply set-last-applied -f FILENAME Examples # Set the last-applied-configuration of a resource to match the contents of a file kubectl apply set-last-applied -f deploy.yaml # Execute set-last-applied against each configuration file in a directory kubectl apply set-last-applied -f path/ # Set the last-applied-configuration of a resource to match the contents of a file; will create the annotation if it does not already exist kubectl apply set-last-applied -f deploy.yaml --create-annotation=true Options--allow-missing-template-keys Default: trueIf true, ignore any errors in templates when a field or map key is missing in the template. Only applies to golang and jsonpath output formats.--create-annotationWill create 'last-applied-configuration' annotations if current objects doesn't have one--dry-run string[="unchanged"] Default: "none"Must be "none", "server", or "client". If client strategy, only print the object that would be sent, without sending it. If server strategy, submit server-side request without persisting the resource.-f, --filename stringsFilename, directory, or URL to files that contains the last-applied-configuration annotations-h, --helphelp for set-last-applied-o, --output stringOutput format. One of: (json, yaml, name, go-template, go-template-file, template, templatefile, jsonpath, jsonpath-as-json, jsonpath-file).--show-managed-fieldsIf true, keep the managedFields when printing objects in JSON or YAML format.--template stringTemplate string or path to template file to use when -o=go-template, -o=go-template-file. The template format is golang templates [http://golang.org/pkg/text/template/#pkg-overview].Parent Options Inherited--as stringUsername to impersonate for the operation. User could be a regular user or a service account in a namespace.--as-group stringsGroup to impersonate for the operation, this flag can be repeated to specify multiple groups.--as-uid stringUID to impersonate for the operation.--cache-dir string Default: "$HOME/.kube/cache"Default cache directory--certificate-authority stringPath to a cert file for the certificate authority--client-certificate stringPath to a client certificate file for TLS--client-key stringPath to a client key file for TLS--cluster stringThe name of the kubeconfig cluster to use--context stringThe name of the kubeconfig context to use--disable-compressionIf true, opt-out of response compression for all requests to the server--insecure-skip-tls-verifyIf true, the server's certificate will not be checked for validity. This will make your HTTPS connections insecure--kubeconfig stringPath to the kubeconfig file to use for CLI requests.--kuberc stringPath to the kuberc file to use for preferen


Question: What is Synopsis?

Answer: S e t   t h e   l a t e s t   l a s t - a p p l i e d - c o n f i g u r a t i o n   a n n o t a t i o n s   b y   s e t t i n g   i t   t o   m a t c h   t h e   c o n t e n t s   o f   a   f i l e .   T h i s   r e s u l t s   i n   t h e   l a s t - a p p l i e d - c o n f i g u r a t i o n   b e i n g   u p d a t e d   a s   t h o u g h   ' k u b e c t l   a p p l y   - f < f i l e >   '   w a s   r u n ,   w i t h o u t   u p d a t i n g   a n y   o t h e r   p a r t s   o f   t h e   o b j e c t .   k u b e c t l   a p p l y   s e t - l a s t - a p p l i e d   - f   F I L E N A M E


Question: What is Examples?

Answer: #   S e t   t h e   l a s t - a p p l i e d - c o n f i g u r a t i o n   o f   a   r e s o u r c e   t o   m a t c h   t h e   c o n t e n t s   o f   a   f i l e   k u b e c t l   a p p l y   s e t - l a s t - a p p l i e d   - f   d e p l o y . y a m l   #   E x e c u t e   s e t - l a s t - a p p l i e d   a g a i n s t   e a c h   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   f i l e   i n   a   d i r e c t o r y   k u b e c t l   a p p l y   s e t - l a s t - a p p l i e d   - f   p a t h /   #   S e t   t h e   l a s t - a p p l i e d - c o n f i g u r a t i o n   o f   a   r e s o u r c e   t o   m a t c h   t h e   c o n t e n t s   o f   a   f i l e ;   w i l l   c r e a t e   t h e   a n n o t a t i o n   i f   i t   d o e s   n o t   a l r e a d y   e x i s t   k u b e c t l   a p p l y   s e t - l a s t - a p p l i e d   - f   d e p l o y . y a m l   - - c r e a t e - a n n o t a t i o n = t r u e


Question: What is Options?

Answer: I f   t r u e ,   i g n o r e   a n y   e r r o r s   i n   t e m p l a t e s   w h e n   a   f i e l d   o r   m a p   k e y   i s   m i s s i n g   i n   t h e   t e m p l a t e .   O n l y   a p p l i e s   t o   g o l a n g   a n d   j s o n p a t h   o u t p u t   f o r m a t s .   W i l l   c r e a t e   ' l a s t - a p p l i e d - c o n f i g u r a t i o n '   a n n o t a t i o n s   i f   c u r r e n t   o b j e c t s   d o e s n ' t   h a v e   o n e   M u s t   b e   " n o n e " ,   " s e r v e r " ,   o r   " c l i e n t " .   I f   c l i e n t   s t r a t e g y ,   o n l y   p r i n t   t h e   o b j e c t   t h a t   w o u l d   b e   s e n t ,   w i t h o u t   s e n d i n g   i t .   I f   s e r v e r   s t r a t e g y ,   s u b m i t   s e r v e r - s i d e   r e q u e s t   w i t h o u t   p e r s i s t i n g   t h e   r e s o u r c e .   F i l e n a m e ,   d i r e c t o r y ,   o r   U R L   t o   f i l e s   t h a t   c o n t a i n s   t h e   l a s t - a p p l i e d - c o n f i g u r a t i o n   a n n o t a t i o n s   h e l p   f o r   s e t - l a s t - a p p l i e d   O u t p u t   f o r m a t .   O n e   o f :   ( j s o n ,   y a m l ,   n a m e ,   g o - t e m p l a t e ,   g o - t e m p l a t e - f i l e ,   t e m p l a t e ,   t e m p l a t e f i l e ,   j s o n p a t h ,   j s o n p a t h - a s - j s o n ,   j s o n p a t h - f i l e ) .   I f   t r u e ,   k e e p   t h e   m a n a g e d F i e l d s   w h e n   p r i n t i n g   o b j e c t s   i n   J S O N   o r   Y A M L   f o r m a t .   T e m p l a t e   s t r i n g   o r   p a t h   t o   t e m p l a t e   f i l e   t o   u s e   w h e n   - o = g o - t e m p l a t e ,   - o = g o - t e m p l a t e - f i l e .   T h e   t e m p l a t e   f o r m a t   i s   g o l a n g   t e m p l a t e s   [ h t t p : / / g o l a n g . o r g / p k g / t e x t / t e m p l a t e / # p k g - o v e r v i e w ] .


Question: What is Parent Options Inherited?

Answer: U s e r n a m e   t o   i m p e r s o n a t e   f o r   t h e   o p e r a t i o n .   U s e r   c o u l d   b e   a   r e g u l a r   u s e r   o r   a   s e r v i c e   a c c o u n t   i n   a   n a m e s p a c e .   G r o u p   t o   i m p e r s o n a t e   f o r   t h e   o p e r a t i o n ,   t h i s   f l a g   c a n   b e   r e p e a t e d   t o   s p e c i f y   m u l t i p l e   g r o u p s .   U I D   t o   i m p e r s o n a t e   f o r   t h e   o p e r a t i o n .   D e f a u l t   c a c h e   d i r e c t o r y   P a t h   t o   a   c e r t   f i l e   f o r   t h e   c e r t i f i c a t e   a u t h o r i t y   P a t h   t o   a   c l i e n t   c e r t i f i c a t e   f i l e   f o r   T L S   P a t h   t o   a   c l i e n t   k e y   f i l e   f o r   T L S   T h e   n a m e   o f   t h e   k u b e c o n f i g   c l u s t e r   t o   u s e   T h e   n a m e   o f   t h e   k u b e c o n f i g   c o n t e x t   t o   u s e   I f   t r u e ,   o p t - o u t   o f   r e s p o n s e   c o m p r e s s i o n   f o r   a l l   r e q u e s t s   t o   t h e   s e r v e r   I f   t r u e ,   t h e   s e r v e r ' s   c e r t i f i c a t e   w i l l   n o t   b e   c h e c k e d   f o r   v a l i d i t y .   T h i s   w i l l   m a k e   y o u r   H T T P S   c o n n e c t i o n s   i n s e c u r e   P a t h   t o   t h e   k u b e c o n f i g   f i l e   t o   u s e   f o r   C L I   r e q u e s t s .   P a t h   t o   t h e   k u b e r c   f i l e   t o   u s e   f o r   p r e f e r e n c e s .   T h i s   c a n   b e   d i s a b l e d   b y   e x p o r t i n g   K U B E C T L _ K U B E R C = f a l s e   f e a t u r e   g a t e   o r   t u r n i n g   o f f   t h e   f e a t u r e   K U B E R C = o f f .   R e q u i r e   s e r v e r   v e r s i o n   t o   m a t c h   c l i e n t   v e r s i o n   I f   p r e s e n t ,   t h e   n a m e s p a c e   s c o p e   f o r   t h i s   C L I   r e q u e s t   P a s s w o r d   f o r   b a s i c   a u t h e n t i c a t


Question: What is See Also?

Answer: k u b e c t l   a p p l y   -   A p p l y   a   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   t o   a   r e s o u r c e   b y   f i l e   n a m e   o r   s t d i n   T h i s   p a g e   i s   a u t o m a t i c a l l y   g e n e r a t e d .   I f   y o u   p l a n   t o   r e p o r t   a n   i s s u e   w i t h   t h i s   p a g e ,   m e n t i o n   t h a t   t h e   p a g e   i s   a u t o - g e n e r a t e d   i n   y o u r   i s s u e   d e s c r i p t i o n .   T h e   f i x   m a y   n e e d   t o   h a p p e n   e l s e w h e r e   i n   t h e   K u b e r n e t e s   p r o j e c t .


Question: What is PriorityClass?

Answer: PriorityClassPriorityClass defines mapping from a priority class name to the priority integer value.apiVersion: scheduling.k8s.io/v1import "k8s.io/api/scheduling/v1"PriorityClassPriorityClass defines mapping from a priority class name to the priority integer value. The value can be any valid integer.apiVersion: scheduling.k8s.io/v1kind: PriorityClassmetadata (ObjectMeta)Standard object's metadata. More info: https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/sig-architecture/api-conventions.md#metadatavalue (int32), requiredvalue represents the integer value of this priority class. This is the actual priority that pods receive when they have the name of this class in their pod spec.description (string)description is an arbitrary string that usually provides guidelines on when this priority class should be used.globalDefault (boolean)globalDefault specifies whether this PriorityClass should be considered as the default priority for pods that do not have any priority class. Only one PriorityClass can be marked as globalDefault. However, if more than one PriorityClasses exists with their globalDefault field set to true, the smallest value of such global default PriorityClasses will be used as the default priority.preemptionPolicy (string)preemptionPolicy is the Policy for preempting pods with lower priority. One of Never, PreemptLowerPriority. Defaults to PreemptLowerPriority if unset.PriorityClassListPriorityClassList is a collection of priority classes.apiVersion: scheduling.k8s.io/v1kind: PriorityClassListmetadata (ListMeta)Standard list metadata More info: https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/sig-architecture/api-conventions.md#metadataitems ([]PriorityClass), requireditems is the list of PriorityClassesOperationsget read the specified PriorityClassHTTP RequestGET /apis/scheduling.k8s.io/v1/priorityclasses/{name}Parametersname (in path): string, requiredname of the PriorityClasspretty (in query): stringprettyResponse200 (PriorityClass): OK401: Unauthorizedlist list or watch objects of kind PriorityClassHTTP RequestGET /apis/scheduling.k8s.io/v1/priorityclassesParametersallowWatchBookmarks (in query): booleanallowWatchBookmarkscontinue (in query): stringcontinuefieldSelector (in query): stringfieldSelectorlabelSelector (in query): stringlabelSelectorlimit (in query): integerlimitpretty (in query): stringprettyresourceVersion (in query): stringresourceVersionresourceVersionMatch (in query): stringresourceVersionMatchsendInitialEvents (in query): booleansendInitialEventstimeoutSeconds (in query): integertimeoutSecondswatch (in query): booleanwatchResponse200 (PriorityClassList): OK401: Unauthorizedcreate create a PriorityClassHTTP RequestPOST /apis/scheduling.k8s.io/v1/priorityclassesParametersbody: PriorityClass, requireddryRun (in query): stringdryRunfieldManager (in query): stringfieldManagerfieldValidation (in query): stringfieldValidationpretty (in query): stringprettyResponse200 (PriorityClass): OK201 (PriorityClass): Created202 (Prio


Question: How does PriorityClass work?

Answer: PriorityClassPriorityClass defines mapping from a priority class name to the priority integer value.apiVersion: scheduling.k8s.io/v1import "k8s.io/api/scheduling/v1"PriorityClassPriorityClass defines mapping from a priority class name to the priority integer value. The value can be any valid integer.apiVersion: scheduling.k8s.io/v1kind: PriorityClassmetadata (ObjectMeta)Standard object's metadata. More info: https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/sig-architecture/api-conventions.md#metadatavalue (int32), requiredvalue represents the integer value of this priority class. This is the actual priority that pods receive when they have the name of this class in their pod spec.description (string)description is an arbitrary string that usually provides guidelines on when this priority class should be used.globalDefault (boolean)globalDefault specifies whether this PriorityClass should be considered as the default priority for pods that do not have any priority class. Only one PriorityClass can be marked as globalDefault. However, if more than one PriorityClasses exists with their globalDefault field set to true, the smallest value of such global default PriorityClasses will be used as the default priority.preemptionPolicy (string)preemptionPolicy is the Policy for preempting pods with lower priority. One of Never, PreemptLowerPriority. Defaults to PreemptLowerPriority if unset.PriorityClassListPriorityClassList is a collection of priority classes.apiVersion: scheduling.k8s.io/v1kind: PriorityClassListmetadata (ListMeta)Standard list metadata More info: https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/sig-architecture/api-conventions.md#metadataitems ([]PriorityClass), requireditems is the list of PriorityClassesOperationsget read the specified PriorityClassHTTP RequestGET /apis/scheduling.k8s.io/v1/priorityclasses/{name}Parametersname (in path): string, requiredname of the PriorityClasspretty (in query): stringprettyResponse200 (PriorityClass): OK401: Unauthorizedlist list or watch objects of kind PriorityClassHTTP RequestGET /apis/scheduling.k8s.io/v1/priorityclassesParametersallowWatchBookmarks (in query): booleanallowWatchBookmarkscontinue (in query): stringcontinuefieldSelector (in query): stringfieldSelectorlabelSelector (in query): stringlabelSelectorlimit (in query): integerlimitpretty (in query): stringprettyresourceVersion (in query): stringresourceVersionresourceVersionMatch (in query): stringresourceVersionMatchsendInitialEvents (in query): booleansendInitialEventstimeoutSeconds (in query): integertimeoutSecondswatch (in query): booleanwatchResponse200 (PriorityClassList): OK401: Unauthorizedcreate create a PriorityClassHTTP RequestPOST /apis/scheduling.k8s.io/v1/priorityclassesParametersbody: PriorityClass, requireddryRun (in query): stringdryRunfieldManager (in query): stringfieldManagerfieldValidation (in query): stringfieldValidationpretty (in query): stringprettyResponse200 (PriorityClass): OK201 (PriorityClass): Created202 (Prio


Question: When would you use PriorityClass?

Answer: PriorityClassPriorityClass defines mapping from a priority class name to the priority integer value.apiVersion: scheduling.k8s.io/v1import "k8s.io/api/scheduling/v1"PriorityClassPriorityClass defines mapping from a priority class name to the priority integer value. The value can be any valid integer.apiVersion: scheduling.k8s.io/v1kind: PriorityClassmetadata (ObjectMeta)Standard object's metadata. More info: https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/sig-architecture/api-conventions.md#metadatavalue (int32), requiredvalue represents the integer value of this priority class. This is the actual priority that pods receive when they have the name of this class in their pod spec.description (string)description is an arbitrary string that usually provides guidelines on when this priority class should be used.globalDefault (boolean)globalDefault specifies whether this PriorityClass should be considered as the default priority for pods that do not have any priority class. Only one PriorityClass can be marked as globalDefault. However, if more than one PriorityClasses exists with their globalDefault field set to true, the smallest value of such global default PriorityClasses will be used as the default priority.preemptionPolicy (string)preemptionPolicy is the Policy for preempting pods with lower priority. One of Never, PreemptLowerPriority. Defaults to PreemptLowerPriority if unset.PriorityClassListPriorityClassList is a collection of priority classes.apiVersion: scheduling.k8s.io/v1kind: PriorityClassListmetadata (ListMeta)Standard list metadata More info: https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/sig-architecture/api-conventions.md#metadataitems ([]PriorityClass), requireditems is the list of PriorityClassesOperationsget read the specified PriorityClassHTTP RequestGET /apis/scheduling.k8s.io/v1/priorityclasses/{name}Parametersname (in path): string, requiredname of the PriorityClasspretty (in query): stringprettyResponse200 (PriorityClass): OK401: Unauthorizedlist list or watch objects of kind PriorityClassHTTP RequestGET /apis/scheduling.k8s.io/v1/priorityclassesParametersallowWatchBookmarks (in query): booleanallowWatchBookmarkscontinue (in query): stringcontinuefieldSelector (in query): stringfieldSelectorlabelSelector (in query): stringlabelSelectorlimit (in query): integerlimitpretty (in query): stringprettyresourceVersion (in query): stringresourceVersionresourceVersionMatch (in query): stringresourceVersionMatchsendInitialEvents (in query): booleansendInitialEventstimeoutSeconds (in query): integertimeoutSecondswatch (in query): booleanwatchResponse200 (PriorityClassList): OK401: Unauthorizedcreate create a PriorityClassHTTP RequestPOST /apis/scheduling.k8s.io/v1/priorityclassesParametersbody: PriorityClass, requireddryRun (in query): stringdryRunfieldManager (in query): stringfieldManagerfieldValidation (in query): stringfieldValidationpretty (in query): stringprettyResponse200 (PriorityClass): OK201 (PriorityClass): Created202 (Prio


Question: What are the benefits of PriorityClass?

Answer: PriorityClassPriorityClass defines mapping from a priority class name to the priority integer value.apiVersion: scheduling.k8s.io/v1import "k8s.io/api/scheduling/v1"PriorityClassPriorityClass defines mapping from a priority class name to the priority integer value. The value can be any valid integer.apiVersion: scheduling.k8s.io/v1kind: PriorityClassmetadata (ObjectMeta)Standard object's metadata. More info: https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/sig-architecture/api-conventions.md#metadatavalue (int32), requiredvalue represents the integer value of this priority class. This is the actual priority that pods receive when they have the name of this class in their pod spec.description (string)description is an arbitrary string that usually provides guidelines on when this priority class should be used.globalDefault (boolean)globalDefault specifies whether this PriorityClass should be considered as the default priority for pods that do not have any priority class. Only one PriorityClass can be marked as globalDefault. However, if more than one PriorityClasses exists with their globalDefault field set to true, the smallest value of such global default PriorityClasses will be used as the default priority.preemptionPolicy (string)preemptionPolicy is the Policy for preempting pods with lower priority. One of Never, PreemptLowerPriority. Defaults to PreemptLowerPriority if unset.PriorityClassListPriorityClassList is a collection of priority classes.apiVersion: scheduling.k8s.io/v1kind: PriorityClassListmetadata (ListMeta)Standard list metadata More info: https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/sig-architecture/api-conventions.md#metadataitems ([]PriorityClass), requireditems is the list of PriorityClassesOperationsget read the specified PriorityClassHTTP RequestGET /apis/scheduling.k8s.io/v1/priorityclasses/{name}Parametersname (in path): string, requiredname of the PriorityClasspretty (in query): stringprettyResponse200 (PriorityClass): OK401: Unauthorizedlist list or watch objects of kind PriorityClassHTTP RequestGET /apis/scheduling.k8s.io/v1/priorityclassesParametersallowWatchBookmarks (in query): booleanallowWatchBookmarkscontinue (in query): stringcontinuefieldSelector (in query): stringfieldSelectorlabelSelector (in query): stringlabelSelectorlimit (in query): integerlimitpretty (in query): stringprettyresourceVersion (in query): stringresourceVersionresourceVersionMatch (in query): stringresourceVersionMatchsendInitialEvents (in query): booleansendInitialEventstimeoutSeconds (in query): integertimeoutSecondswatch (in query): booleanwatchResponse200 (PriorityClassList): OK401: Unauthorizedcreate create a PriorityClassHTTP RequestPOST /apis/scheduling.k8s.io/v1/priorityclassesParametersbody: PriorityClass, requireddryRun (in query): stringdryRunfieldManager (in query): stringfieldManagerfieldValidation (in query): stringfieldValidationpretty (in query): stringprettyResponse200 (PriorityClass): OK201 (PriorityClass): Created202 (Prio


Question: What is PriorityClass?

Answer: a p i V e r s i o n :   s c h e d u l i n g . k 8 s . i o / v 1   i m p o r t   " k 8 s . i o / a p i / s c h e d u l i n g / v 1 "


Question: What is PriorityClass?

Answer: P r i o r i t y C l a s s   d e f i n e s   m a p p i n g   f r o m   a   p r i o r i t y   c l a s s   n a m e   t o   t h e   p r i o r i t y   i n t e g e r   v a l u e .   T h e   v a l u e   c a n   b e   a n y   v a l i d   i n t e g e r .   a p i V e r s i o n :   s c h e d u l i n g . k 8 s . i o / v 1 k i n d :   P r i o r i t y C l a s s m e t a d a t a   ( O b j e c t M e t a ) S t a n d a r d   o b j e c t ' s   m e t a d a t a .   M o r e   i n f o :   h t t p s : / / g i t . k 8 s . i o / c o m m u n i t y / c o n t r i b u t o r s / d e v e l / s i g - a r c h i t e c t u r e / a p i - c o n v e n t i o n s . m d # m e t a d a t a v a l u e   ( i n t 3 2 ) ,   r e q u i r e d v a l u e   r e p r e s e n t s   t h e   i n t e g e r   v a l u e   o f   t h i s   p r i o r i t y   c l a s s .   T h i s   i s   t h e   a c t u a l   p r i o r i t y   t h a t   p o d s   r e c e i v e   w h e n   t h e y   h a v e   t h e   n a m e   o f   t h i s   c l a s s   i n   t h e i r   p o d   s p e c . d e s c r i p t i o n   ( s t r i n g ) d e s c r i p t i o n   i s   a n   a r b i t r a r y   s t r i n g   t h a t   u s u a l l y   p r o v i d e s   g u i d e l i n e s   o n   w h e n   t h i s   p r i o r i t y   c l a s s   s h o u l d   b e   u s e d . g l o b a l D e f a u l t   ( b o o l e a n ) g l o b a l D e f a u l t   s p e c i f i e s   w h e t h e r   t h i s   P r i o r i t y C l a s s   s h o u l d   b e   c o n s i d e r e d   a s   t h e   d e f a u l t   p r i o r i t y   f o r   p o d s   t h a t   d o   n o t   h a v e   a n y   p r i o r i t y   c l a s s .   O n l y   o n e   P r i o r i t y C l a s s   c a n   b e   m a r k e d   a s   g l o b a l D e f a u l t .   H o w e v e r ,   i f   m o r e   t h a n   o n e   P r i o r i t y C l a s s e s   e x i s t s   w i t h   t h e i r   g l o b a l D e f a u l t   f i e l d   s e t   t o   t r u e ,   t h e   s m a l l e s t   v a l u e   o f   s u c h   g l o b a l   d e f a u l t   P r i


Question: What is PriorityClassList?

Answer: P r i o r i t y C l a s s L i s t   i s   a   c o l l e c t i o n   o f   p r i o r i t y   c l a s s e s .   a p i V e r s i o n :   s c h e d u l i n g . k 8 s . i o / v 1 k i n d :   P r i o r i t y C l a s s L i s t m e t a d a t a   ( L i s t M e t a ) S t a n d a r d   l i s t   m e t a d a t a   M o r e   i n f o :   h t t p s : / / g i t . k 8 s . i o / c o m m u n i t y / c o n t r i b u t o r s / d e v e l / s i g - a r c h i t e c t u r e / a p i - c o n v e n t i o n s . m d # m e t a d a t a i t e m s   ( [ ] P r i o r i t y C l a s s ) ,   r e q u i r e d i t e m s   i s   t h e   l i s t   o f   P r i o r i t y C l a s s e s   a p i V e r s i o n :   s c h e d u l i n g . k 8 s . i o / v 1   k i n d :   P r i o r i t y C l a s s L i s t   m e t a d a t a   ( L i s t M e t a )   S t a n d a r d   l i s t   m e t a d a t a   M o r e   i n f o :   h t t p s : / / g i t . k 8 s . i o / c o m m u n i t y / c o n t r i b u t o r s / d e v e l / s i g - a r c h i t e c t u r e / a p i - c o n v e n t i o n s . m d # m e t a d a t a   i t e m s   ( [ ] P r i o r i t y C l a s s ) ,   r e q u i r e d   i t e m s   i s   t h e   l i s t   o f   P r i o r i t y C l a s s e s


Question: What is HTTP Request?

Answer: G E T   / a p i s / s c h e d u l i n g . k 8 s . i o / v 1 / p r i o r i t y c l a s s e s / { n a m e }


Question: What is Parameters?

Answer: n a m e   ( i n   p a t h ) :   s t r i n g ,   r e q u i r e d n a m e   o f   t h e   P r i o r i t y C l a s s p r e t t y   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g p r e t t y   n a m e   ( i n   p a t h ) :   s t r i n g ,   r e q u i r e d   n a m e   o f   t h e   P r i o r i t y C l a s s   p r e t t y   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   p r e t t y


Question: What is Response?

Answer: 2 0 0   ( P r i o r i t y C l a s s ) :   O K   4 0 1 :   U n a u t h o r i z e d


Question: What is HTTP Request?

Answer: G E T   / a p i s / s c h e d u l i n g . k 8 s . i o / v 1 / p r i o r i t y c l a s s e s


Question: What is Parameters?

Answer: a l l o w W a t c h B o o k m a r k s   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   b o o l e a n a l l o w W a t c h B o o k m a r k s c o n t i n u e   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g c o n t i n u e f i e l d S e l e c t o r   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g f i e l d S e l e c t o r l a b e l S e l e c t o r   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g l a b e l S e l e c t o r l i m i t   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   i n t e g e r l i m i t p r e t t y   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g p r e t t y r e s o u r c e V e r s i o n   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g r e s o u r c e V e r s i o n r e s o u r c e V e r s i o n M a t c h   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g r e s o u r c e V e r s i o n M a t c h s e n d I n i t i a l E v e n t s   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   b o o l e a n s e n d I n i t i a l E v e n t s t i m e o u t S e c o n d s   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   i n t e g e r t i m e o u t S e c o n d s w a t c h   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   b o o l e a n w a t c h   a l l o w W a t c h B o o k m a r k s   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   b o o l e a n   a l l o w W a t c h B o o k m a r k s   c o n t i n u e   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   c o n t i n u e   f i e l d S e l e c t o r   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   f i e l d S e l e c t o r   l a b e l S e l e c t o r   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   l a b e l S e l e c t o r   l i m i t   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   i n t e g e r   l i m i t   p r e t t y   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   p r e t t y   r e s o u r c e V e r s i o n   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   r e s o u r c e V e r s i o n   r e s o u r c e V e r s i o n M a t c h   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   r e s o u r c e V e r s i o n M a t c h   s e n d I n i t i a l E v e n t s   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   b o o l e a n   s e n d I n i t i a l E v e n t s   t i m e o u t S e c o n d s   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   i n t e g e r   t i m e o u t S e c o n d s   w a t c h   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   b o o l e a n   w a t c h


Question: What is Response?

Answer: 2 0 0   ( P r i o r i t y C l a s s L i s t ) :   O K   4 0 1 :   U n a u t h o r i z e d


Question: What is HTTP Request?

Answer: P O S T   / a p i s / s c h e d u l i n g . k 8 s . i o / v 1 / p r i o r i t y c l a s s e s


Question: What is Parameters?

Answer: b o d y :   P r i o r i t y C l a s s ,   r e q u i r e d d r y R u n   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g d r y R u n f i e l d M a n a g e r   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g f i e l d M a n a g e r f i e l d V a l i d a t i o n   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g f i e l d V a l i d a t i o n p r e t t y   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g p r e t t y   b o d y :   P r i o r i t y C l a s s ,   r e q u i r e d   d r y R u n   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   d r y R u n   f i e l d M a n a g e r   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   f i e l d M a n a g e r   f i e l d V a l i d a t i o n   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   f i e l d V a l i d a t i o n   p r e t t y   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   p r e t t y


Question: What is Response?

Answer: 2 0 0   ( P r i o r i t y C l a s s ) :   O K   2 0 1   ( P r i o r i t y C l a s s ) :   C r e a t e d   2 0 2   ( P r i o r i t y C l a s s ) :   A c c e p t e d   4 0 1 :   U n a u t h o r i z e d


Question: What is HTTP Request?

Answer: P U T   / a p i s / s c h e d u l i n g . k 8 s . i o / v 1 / p r i o r i t y c l a s s e s / { n a m e }


Question: What is Parameters?

Answer: n a m e   ( i n   p a t h ) :   s t r i n g ,   r e q u i r e d n a m e   o f   t h e   P r i o r i t y C l a s s b o d y :   P r i o r i t y C l a s s ,   r e q u i r e d d r y R u n   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g d r y R u n f i e l d M a n a g e r   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g f i e l d M a n a g e r f i e l d V a l i d a t i o n   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g f i e l d V a l i d a t i o n p r e t t y   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g p r e t t y   n a m e   ( i n   p a t h ) :   s t r i n g ,   r e q u i r e d   n a m e   o f   t h e   P r i o r i t y C l a s s   b o d y :   P r i o r i t y C l a s s ,   r e q u i r e d   d r y R u n   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   d r y R u n   f i e l d M a n a g e r   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   f i e l d M a n a g e r   f i e l d V a l i d a t i o n   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   f i e l d V a l i d a t i o n   p r e t t y   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   p r e t t y


Question: What is Response?

Answer: 2 0 0   ( P r i o r i t y C l a s s ) :   O K   2 0 1   ( P r i o r i t y C l a s s ) :   C r e a t e d   4 0 1 :   U n a u t h o r i z e d


Question: What is HTTP Request?

Answer: P A T C H   / a p i s / s c h e d u l i n g . k 8 s . i o / v 1 / p r i o r i t y c l a s s e s / { n a m e }


Question: What is Parameters?

Answer: n a m e   ( i n   p a t h ) :   s t r i n g ,   r e q u i r e d n a m e   o f   t h e   P r i o r i t y C l a s s b o d y :   P a t c h ,   r e q u i r e d d r y R u n   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g d r y R u n f i e l d M a n a g e r   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g f i e l d M a n a g e r f i e l d V a l i d a t i o n   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g f i e l d V a l i d a t i o n f o r c e   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   b o o l e a n f o r c e p r e t t y   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g p r e t t y   n a m e   ( i n   p a t h ) :   s t r i n g ,   r e q u i r e d   n a m e   o f   t h e   P r i o r i t y C l a s s   b o d y :   P a t c h ,   r e q u i r e d   d r y R u n   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   d r y R u n   f i e l d M a n a g e r   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   f i e l d M a n a g e r   f i e l d V a l i d a t i o n   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   f i e l d V a l i d a t i o n   f o r c e   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   b o o l e a n   f o r c e   p r e t t y   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   p r e t t y


Question: What is Response?

Answer: 2 0 0   ( P r i o r i t y C l a s s ) :   O K   2 0 1   ( P r i o r i t y C l a s s ) :   C r e a t e d   4 0 1 :   U n a u t h o r i z e d


Question: What is HTTP Request?

Answer: D E L E T E   / a p i s / s c h e d u l i n g . k 8 s . i o / v 1 / p r i o r i t y c l a s s e s / { n a m e }


Question: What is Parameters?

Answer: n a m e   ( i n   p a t h ) :   s t r i n g ,   r e q u i r e d n a m e   o f   t h e   P r i o r i t y C l a s s b o d y :   D e l e t e O p t i o n s d r y R u n   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g d r y R u n g r a c e P e r i o d S e c o n d s   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   i n t e g e r g r a c e P e r i o d S e c o n d s i g n o r e S t o r e R e a d E r r o r W i t h C l u s t e r B r e a k i n g P o t e n t i a l   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   b o o l e a n i g n o r e S t o r e R e a d E r r o r W i t h C l u s t e r B r e a k i n g P o t e n t i a l p r e t t y   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g p r e t t y p r o p a g a t i o n P o l i c y   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g p r o p a g a t i o n P o l i c y   n a m e   ( i n   p a t h ) :   s t r i n g ,   r e q u i r e d   n a m e   o f   t h e   P r i o r i t y C l a s s   b o d y :   D e l e t e O p t i o n s   d r y R u n   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   d r y R u n   g r a c e P e r i o d S e c o n d s   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   i n t e g e r   g r a c e P e r i o d S e c o n d s   i g n o r e S t o r e R e a d E r r o r W i t h C l u s t e r B r e a k i n g P o t e n t i a l   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   b o o l e a n   i g n o r e S t o r e R e a d E r r o r W i t h C l u s t e r B r e a k i n g P o t e n t i a l   p r e t t y   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   p r e t t y   p r o p a g a t i o n P o l i c y   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   p r o p a g a t i o n P o l i c y


Question: What is Response?

Answer: 2 0 0   ( S t a t u s ) :   O K   2 0 2   ( S t a t u s ) :   A c c e p t e d   4 0 1 :   U n a u t h o r i z e d


Question: What is HTTP Request?

Answer: D E L E T E   / a p i s / s c h e d u l i n g . k 8 s . i o / v 1 / p r i o r i t y c l a s s e s


Question: What is Parameters?

Answer: b o d y :   D e l e t e O p t i o n s c o n t i n u e   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g c o n t i n u e d r y R u n   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g d r y R u n f i e l d S e l e c t o r   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g f i e l d S e l e c t o r g r a c e P e r i o d S e c o n d s   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   i n t e g e r g r a c e P e r i o d S e c o n d s i g n o r e S t o r e R e a d E r r o r W i t h C l u s t e r B r e a k i n g P o t e n t i a l   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   b o o l e a n i g n o r e S t o r e R e a d E r r o r W i t h C l u s t e r B r e a k i n g P o t e n t i a l l a b e l S e l e c t o r   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g l a b e l S e l e c t o r l i m i t   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   i n t e g e r l i m i t p r e t t y   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g p r e t t y p r o p a g a t i o n P o l i c y   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g p r o p a g a t i o n P o l i c y r e s o u r c e V e r s i o n   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g r e s o u r c e V e r s i o n r e s o u r c e V e r s i o n M a t c h   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g r e s o u r c e V e r s i o n M a t c h s e n d I n i t i a l E v e n t s   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   b o o l e a n s e n d I n i t i a l E v e n t s t i m e o u t S e c o n d s   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   i n t e g e r t i m e o u t S e c o n d s   b o d y :   D e l e t e O p t i o n s   c o n t i n u e   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   c o n t i n u e   d r y R u n   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   d r y R u n   f i e l d S e l e c t o r   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   s t r i n g   f i e l d S e l e c t o r   g r a c e P e r i o d S e c o n d s   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   i n t e g e r   g r a c e P e r i o d S e c o n d s   i g n o r e S t o r e R e a d E r r o r W i t h C l u s t e r B r e a k i n g P o t e n t i a l   ( i n   q u e r y ) :   b o o l e a n   i g n o r e S t o r e R e a d E r r o r W i t h C l u s t e r B r e a k i n g P o t e n t i a l   l a b e l S e l e c t o r   (


Question: What is Response?

Answer: 2 0 0   ( S t a t u s ) :   O K   4 0 1 :   U n a u t h o r i z e d   T h i s   p a g e   i s   a u t o m a t i c a l l y   g e n e r a t e d .   I f   y o u   p l a n   t o   r e p o r t   a n   i s s u e   w i t h   t h i s   p a g e ,   m e n t i o n   t h a t   t h e   p a g e   i s   a u t o - g e n e r a t e d   i n   y o u r   i s s u e   d e s c r i p t i o n .   T h e   f i x   m a y   n e e d   t o   h a p p e n   e l s e w h e r e   i n   t h e   K u b e r n e t e s   p r o j e c t .


Question: What is kubeadm version?

Answer: kubeadm versionThis command prints the version of kubeadm.SynopsisPrint the version of kubeadmkubeadm version [flags] Options-h, --helphelp for version-o, --output stringOutput format; available options are 'yaml', 'json' and 'short'Options inherited from parent commands--rootfs stringThe path to the 'real' host root filesystem. This will cause kubeadm to chroot into the provided path.


Question: How does kubeadm version work?

Answer: kubeadm versionThis command prints the version of kubeadm.SynopsisPrint the version of kubeadmkubeadm version [flags] Options-h, --helphelp for version-o, --output stringOutput format; available options are 'yaml', 'json' and 'short'Options inherited from parent commands--rootfs stringThe path to the 'real' host root filesystem. This will cause kubeadm to chroot into the provided path.


Question: When would you use kubeadm version?

Answer: kubeadm versionThis command prints the version of kubeadm.SynopsisPrint the version of kubeadmkubeadm version [flags] Options-h, --helphelp for version-o, --output stringOutput format; available options are 'yaml', 'json' and 'short'Options inherited from parent commands--rootfs stringThe path to the 'real' host root filesystem. This will cause kubeadm to chroot into the provided path.


Question: What are the benefits of kubeadm version?

Answer: kubeadm versionThis command prints the version of kubeadm.SynopsisPrint the version of kubeadmkubeadm version [flags] Options-h, --helphelp for version-o, --output stringOutput format; available options are 'yaml', 'json' and 'short'Options inherited from parent commands--rootfs stringThe path to the 'real' host root filesystem. This will cause kubeadm to chroot into the provided path.


Question: What is kubeadm version?

Answer: T h i s   c o m m a n d   p r i n t s   t h e   v e r s i o n   o f   k u b e a d m .


Question: What is Synopsis?

Answer: P r i n t   t h e   v e r s i o n   o f   k u b e a d m   k u b e a d m   v e r s i o n   [ f l a g s ]


Question: What is Options?

Answer: h e l p   f o r   v e r s i o n   O u t p u t   f o r m a t ;   a v a i l a b l e   o p t i o n s   a r e   ' y a m l ' ,   ' j s o n '   a n d   ' s h o r t '


Question: What is Options inherited from parent commands?

Answer: T h e   p a t h   t o   t h e   ' r e a l '   h o s t   r o o t   f i l e s y s t e m .   T h i s   w i l l   c a u s e   k u b e a d m   t o   c h r o o t   i n t o   t h e   p r o v i d e d   p a t h .


Question: What is Cluster Networking?

Answer: Cluster NetworkingNetworking is a central part of Kubernetes, but it can be challenging to understand exactly how it is expected to work. There are 4 distinct networking problems to address:Highly-coupled container-to-container communications: this is solved by Pods and localhost communications.Pod-to-Pod communications: this is the primary focus of this document.Pod-to-Service communications: this is covered by Services.External-to-Service communications: this is also covered by Services.Kubernetes is all about sharing machines among applications. Typically, sharing machines requires ensuring that two applications do not try to use the same ports. Coordinating ports across multiple developers is very difficult to do at scale and exposes users to cluster-level issues outside of their control.Dynamic port allocation brings a lot of complications to the system - every application has to take ports as flags, the API servers have to know how to insert dynamic port numbers into configuration blocks, services have to know how to find each other, etc. Rather than deal with this, Kubernetes takes a different approach.To learn about the Kubernetes networking model, see here.Kubernetes IP address rangesKubernetes clusters require to allocate non-overlapping IP addresses for Pods, Services and Nodes, from a range of available addresses configured in the following components:The network plugin is configured to assign IP addresses to Pods.The kube-apiserver is configured to assign IP addresses to Services.The kubelet or the cloud-controller-manager is configured to assign IP addresses to Nodes.Cluster networking typesKubernetes clusters, attending to the IP families configured, can be categorized into:IPv4 only: The network plugin, kube-apiserver and kubelet/cloud-controller-manager are configured to assign only IPv4 addresses.IPv6 only: The network plugin, kube-apiserver and kubelet/cloud-controller-manager are configured to assign only IPv6 addresses.IPv4/IPv6 or IPv6/IPv4 dual-stack:The network plugin is configured to assign IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.The kube-apiserver is configured to assign IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.The kubelet or cloud-controller-manager is configured to assign IPv4 and IPv6 address.All components must agree on the configured primary IP family.Kubernetes clusters only consider the IP families present on the Pods, Services and Nodes objects, independently of the existing IPs of the represented objects. Per example, a server or a pod can have multiple IP addresses on its interfaces, but only the IP addresses in node.status.addresses or pod.status.ips are considered for implementing the Kubernetes network model and defining the type of the cluster.How to implement the Kubernetes network modelThe network model is implemented by the container runtime on each node. The most common container runtimes use Container Network Interface (CNI) plugins to manage their network and security capabilities. Many different CNI plugins exist from many different


Question: How does Cluster Networking work?

Answer: Cluster NetworkingNetworking is a central part of Kubernetes, but it can be challenging to understand exactly how it is expected to work. There are 4 distinct networking problems to address:Highly-coupled container-to-container communications: this is solved by Pods and localhost communications.Pod-to-Pod communications: this is the primary focus of this document.Pod-to-Service communications: this is covered by Services.External-to-Service communications: this is also covered by Services.Kubernetes is all about sharing machines among applications. Typically, sharing machines requires ensuring that two applications do not try to use the same ports. Coordinating ports across multiple developers is very difficult to do at scale and exposes users to cluster-level issues outside of their control.Dynamic port allocation brings a lot of complications to the system - every application has to take ports as flags, the API servers have to know how to insert dynamic port numbers into configuration blocks, services have to know how to find each other, etc. Rather than deal with this, Kubernetes takes a different approach.To learn about the Kubernetes networking model, see here.Kubernetes IP address rangesKubernetes clusters require to allocate non-overlapping IP addresses for Pods, Services and Nodes, from a range of available addresses configured in the following components:The network plugin is configured to assign IP addresses to Pods.The kube-apiserver is configured to assign IP addresses to Services.The kubelet or the cloud-controller-manager is configured to assign IP addresses to Nodes.Cluster networking typesKubernetes clusters, attending to the IP families configured, can be categorized into:IPv4 only: The network plugin, kube-apiserver and kubelet/cloud-controller-manager are configured to assign only IPv4 addresses.IPv6 only: The network plugin, kube-apiserver and kubelet/cloud-controller-manager are configured to assign only IPv6 addresses.IPv4/IPv6 or IPv6/IPv4 dual-stack:The network plugin is configured to assign IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.The kube-apiserver is configured to assign IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.The kubelet or cloud-controller-manager is configured to assign IPv4 and IPv6 address.All components must agree on the configured primary IP family.Kubernetes clusters only consider the IP families present on the Pods, Services and Nodes objects, independently of the existing IPs of the represented objects. Per example, a server or a pod can have multiple IP addresses on its interfaces, but only the IP addresses in node.status.addresses or pod.status.ips are considered for implementing the Kubernetes network model and defining the type of the cluster.How to implement the Kubernetes network modelThe network model is implemented by the container runtime on each node. The most common container runtimes use Container Network Interface (CNI) plugins to manage their network and security capabilities. Many different CNI plugins exist from many different


Question: When would you use Cluster Networking?

Answer: Cluster NetworkingNetworking is a central part of Kubernetes, but it can be challenging to understand exactly how it is expected to work. There are 4 distinct networking problems to address:Highly-coupled container-to-container communications: this is solved by Pods and localhost communications.Pod-to-Pod communications: this is the primary focus of this document.Pod-to-Service communications: this is covered by Services.External-to-Service communications: this is also covered by Services.Kubernetes is all about sharing machines among applications. Typically, sharing machines requires ensuring that two applications do not try to use the same ports. Coordinating ports across multiple developers is very difficult to do at scale and exposes users to cluster-level issues outside of their control.Dynamic port allocation brings a lot of complications to the system - every application has to take ports as flags, the API servers have to know how to insert dynamic port numbers into configuration blocks, services have to know how to find each other, etc. Rather than deal with this, Kubernetes takes a different approach.To learn about the Kubernetes networking model, see here.Kubernetes IP address rangesKubernetes clusters require to allocate non-overlapping IP addresses for Pods, Services and Nodes, from a range of available addresses configured in the following components:The network plugin is configured to assign IP addresses to Pods.The kube-apiserver is configured to assign IP addresses to Services.The kubelet or the cloud-controller-manager is configured to assign IP addresses to Nodes.Cluster networking typesKubernetes clusters, attending to the IP families configured, can be categorized into:IPv4 only: The network plugin, kube-apiserver and kubelet/cloud-controller-manager are configured to assign only IPv4 addresses.IPv6 only: The network plugin, kube-apiserver and kubelet/cloud-controller-manager are configured to assign only IPv6 addresses.IPv4/IPv6 or IPv6/IPv4 dual-stack:The network plugin is configured to assign IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.The kube-apiserver is configured to assign IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.The kubelet or cloud-controller-manager is configured to assign IPv4 and IPv6 address.All components must agree on the configured primary IP family.Kubernetes clusters only consider the IP families present on the Pods, Services and Nodes objects, independently of the existing IPs of the represented objects. Per example, a server or a pod can have multiple IP addresses on its interfaces, but only the IP addresses in node.status.addresses or pod.status.ips are considered for implementing the Kubernetes network model and defining the type of the cluster.How to implement the Kubernetes network modelThe network model is implemented by the container runtime on each node. The most common container runtimes use Container Network Interface (CNI) plugins to manage their network and security capabilities. Many different CNI plugins exist from many different


Question: What are the benefits of Cluster Networking?

Answer: Cluster NetworkingNetworking is a central part of Kubernetes, but it can be challenging to understand exactly how it is expected to work. There are 4 distinct networking problems to address:Highly-coupled container-to-container communications: this is solved by Pods and localhost communications.Pod-to-Pod communications: this is the primary focus of this document.Pod-to-Service communications: this is covered by Services.External-to-Service communications: this is also covered by Services.Kubernetes is all about sharing machines among applications. Typically, sharing machines requires ensuring that two applications do not try to use the same ports. Coordinating ports across multiple developers is very difficult to do at scale and exposes users to cluster-level issues outside of their control.Dynamic port allocation brings a lot of complications to the system - every application has to take ports as flags, the API servers have to know how to insert dynamic port numbers into configuration blocks, services have to know how to find each other, etc. Rather than deal with this, Kubernetes takes a different approach.To learn about the Kubernetes networking model, see here.Kubernetes IP address rangesKubernetes clusters require to allocate non-overlapping IP addresses for Pods, Services and Nodes, from a range of available addresses configured in the following components:The network plugin is configured to assign IP addresses to Pods.The kube-apiserver is configured to assign IP addresses to Services.The kubelet or the cloud-controller-manager is configured to assign IP addresses to Nodes.Cluster networking typesKubernetes clusters, attending to the IP families configured, can be categorized into:IPv4 only: The network plugin, kube-apiserver and kubelet/cloud-controller-manager are configured to assign only IPv4 addresses.IPv6 only: The network plugin, kube-apiserver and kubelet/cloud-controller-manager are configured to assign only IPv6 addresses.IPv4/IPv6 or IPv6/IPv4 dual-stack:The network plugin is configured to assign IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.The kube-apiserver is configured to assign IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.The kubelet or cloud-controller-manager is configured to assign IPv4 and IPv6 address.All components must agree on the configured primary IP family.Kubernetes clusters only consider the IP families present on the Pods, Services and Nodes objects, independently of the existing IPs of the represented objects. Per example, a server or a pod can have multiple IP addresses on its interfaces, but only the IP addresses in node.status.addresses or pod.status.ips are considered for implementing the Kubernetes network model and defining the type of the cluster.How to implement the Kubernetes network modelThe network model is implemented by the container runtime on each node. The most common container runtimes use Container Network Interface (CNI) plugins to manage their network and security capabilities. Many different CNI plugins exist from many different


Question: What is Cluster Networking?

Answer: N e t w o r k i n g   i s   a   c e n t r a l   p a r t   o f   K u b e r n e t e s ,   b u t   i t   c a n   b e   c h a l l e n g i n g   t o   u n d e r s t a n d   e x a c t l y   h o w   i t   i s   e x p e c t e d   t o   w o r k .   T h e r e   a r e   4   d i s t i n c t   n e t w o r k i n g   p r o b l e m s   t o   a d d r e s s :   H i g h l y - c o u p l e d   c o n t a i n e r - t o - c o n t a i n e r   c o m m u n i c a t i o n s :   t h i s   i s   s o l v e d   b y   P o d s   a n d   l o c a l h o s t   c o m m u n i c a t i o n s . P o d - t o - P o d   c o m m u n i c a t i o n s :   t h i s   i s   t h e   p r i m a r y   f o c u s   o f   t h i s   d o c u m e n t . P o d - t o - S e r v i c e   c o m m u n i c a t i o n s :   t h i s   i s   c o v e r e d   b y   S e r v i c e s . E x t e r n a l - t o - S e r v i c e   c o m m u n i c a t i o n s :   t h i s   i s   a l s o   c o v e r e d   b y   S e r v i c e s .   K u b e r n e t e s   i s   a l l   a b o u t   s h a r i n g   m a c h i n e s   a m o n g   a p p l i c a t i o n s .   T y p i c a l l y ,   s h a r i n g   m a c h i n e s   r e q u i r e s   e n s u r i n g   t h a t   t w o   a p p l i c a t i o n s   d o   n o t   t r y   t o   u s e   t h e   s a m e   p o r t s .   C o o r d i n a t i n g   p o r t s   a c r o s s   m u l t i p l e   d e v e l o p e r s   i s   v e r y   d i f f i c u l t   t o   d o   a t   s c a l e   a n d   e x p o s e s   u s e r s   t o   c l u s t e r - l e v e l   i s s u e s   o u t s i d e   o f   t h e i r   c o n t r o l .   D y n a m i c   p o r t   a l l o c a t i o n   b r i n g s   a   l o t   o f   c o m p l i c a t i o n s   t o   t h e   s y s t e m   -   e v e r y   a p p l i c a t i o n   h a s   t o   t a k e   p o r t s   a s   f l a g s ,   t h e   A P I   s e r v e r s   h a v e   t o   k n o w   h o w   t o   i n s e r t   d y n a m i c   p o r t   n u m b e r s   i n t o   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   b l o c k s ,   s e r v i


Question: What is Kubernetes IP address ranges?

Answer: K u b e r n e t e s   c l u s t e r s   r e q u i r e   t o   a l l o c a t e   n o n - o v e r l a p p i n g   I P   a d d r e s s e s   f o r   P o d s ,   S e r v i c e s   a n d   N o d e s ,   f r o m   a   r a n g e   o f   a v a i l a b l e   a d d r e s s e s   c o n f i g u r e d   i n   t h e   f o l l o w i n g   c o m p o n e n t s :   T h e   n e t w o r k   p l u g i n   i s   c o n f i g u r e d   t o   a s s i g n   I P   a d d r e s s e s   t o   P o d s . T h e   k u b e - a p i s e r v e r   i s   c o n f i g u r e d   t o   a s s i g n   I P   a d d r e s s e s   t o   S e r v i c e s . T h e   k u b e l e t   o r   t h e   c l o u d - c o n t r o l l e r - m a n a g e r   i s   c o n f i g u r e d   t o   a s s i g n   I P   a d d r e s s e s   t o   N o d e s .


Question: What is Cluster networking types?

Answer: K u b e r n e t e s   c l u s t e r s ,   a t t e n d i n g   t o   t h e   I P   f a m i l i e s   c o n f i g u r e d ,   c a n   b e   c a t e g o r i z e d   i n t o :   I P v 4   o n l y :   T h e   n e t w o r k   p l u g i n ,   k u b e - a p i s e r v e r   a n d   k u b e l e t / c l o u d - c o n t r o l l e r - m a n a g e r   a r e   c o n f i g u r e d   t o   a s s i g n   o n l y   I P v 4   a d d r e s s e s . I P v 6   o n l y :   T h e   n e t w o r k   p l u g i n ,   k u b e - a p i s e r v e r   a n d   k u b e l e t / c l o u d - c o n t r o l l e r - m a n a g e r   a r e   c o n f i g u r e d   t o   a s s i g n   o n l y   I P v 6   a d d r e s s e s . I P v 4 / I P v 6   o r   I P v 6 / I P v 4   d u a l - s t a c k : T h e   n e t w o r k   p l u g i n   i s   c o n f i g u r e d   t o   a s s i g n   I P v 4   a n d   I P v 6   a d d r e s s e s . T h e   k u b e - a p i s e r v e r   i s   c o n f i g u r e d   t o   a s s i g n   I P v 4   a n d   I P v 6   a d d r e s s e s . T h e   k u b e l e t   o r   c l o u d - c o n t r o l l e r - m a n a g e r   i s   c o n f i g u r e d   t o   a s s i g n   I P v 4   a n d   I P v 6   a d d r e s s . A l l   c o m p o n e n t s   m u s t   a g r e e   o n   t h e   c o n f i g u r e d   p r i m a r y   I P   f a m i l y .   T h e   n e t w o r k   p l u g i n   i s   c o n f i g u r e d   t o   a s s i g n   I P v 4   a n d   I P v 6   a d d r e s s e s . T h e   k u b e - a p i s e r v e r   i s   c o n f i g u r e d   t o   a s s i g n   I P v 4   a n d   I P v 6   a d d r e s s e s . T h e   k u b e l e t   o r   c l o u d - c o n t r o l l e r - m a n a g e r   i s   c o n f i g u r e d   t o   a s s i g n   I P v 4   a n d   I P v 6   a d d r e s s . A l l   c o m p o n e n t s   m u s t   a g r e e   o n   t h e   c o n f i g u r e d   p r i m a r y   I P   f a m i l y .   K u b e r n e t e s   c l u s t e r s   o n l y   c o n s i d e r   t h e   I P   f a m i l i e s   p r e s e n t


Question: What is How to implement the Kubernetes network model?

Answer: T h e   n e t w o r k   m o d e l   i s   i m p l e m e n t e d   b y   t h e   c o n t a i n e r   r u n t i m e   o n   e a c h   n o d e .   T h e   m o s t   c o m m o n   c o n t a i n e r   r u n t i m e s   u s e   C o n t a i n e r   N e t w o r k   I n t e r f a c e   ( C N I )   p l u g i n s   t o   m a n a g e   t h e i r   n e t w o r k   a n d   s e c u r i t y   c a p a b i l i t i e s .   M a n y   d i f f e r e n t   C N I   p l u g i n s   e x i s t   f r o m   m a n y   d i f f e r e n t   v e n d o r s .   S o m e   o f   t h e s e   p r o v i d e   o n l y   b a s i c   f e a t u r e s   o f   a d d i n g   a n d   r e m o v i n g   n e t w o r k   i n t e r f a c e s ,   w h i l e   o t h e r s   p r o v i d e   m o r e   s o p h i s t i c a t e d   s o l u t i o n s ,   s u c h   a s   i n t e g r a t i o n   w i t h   o t h e r   c o n t a i n e r   o r c h e s t r a t i o n   s y s t e m s ,   r u n n i n g   m u l t i p l e   C N I   p l u g i n s ,   a d v a n c e d   I P A M   f e a t u r e s   e t c .   S e e   t h i s   p a g e   f o r   a   n o n - e x h a u s t i v e   l i s t   o f   n e t w o r k i n g   a d d o n s   s u p p o r t e d   b y   K u b e r n e t e s .


Question: What is What's next?

Answer: T h e   e a r l y   d e s i g n   o f   t h e   n e t w o r k i n g   m o d e l   a n d   i t s   r a t i o n a l e   a r e   d e s c r i b e d   i n   m o r e   d e t a i l   i n   t h e   n e t w o r k i n g   d e s i g n   d o c u m e n t .   F o r   f u t u r e   p l a n s   a n d   s o m e   o n - g o i n g   e f f o r t s   t h a t   a i m   t o   i m p r o v e   K u b e r n e t e s   n e t w o r k i n g ,   p l e a s e   r e f e r   t o   t h e   S I G - N e t w o r k   K E P s .


Question: What is Pods?

Answer: PodsPods are the smallest deployable units of computing that you can create and manage in Kubernetes.A Pod (as in a pod of whales or pea pod) is a group of one or more containers, with shared storage and network resources, and a specification for how to run the containers. A Pod's contents are always co-located and co-scheduled, and run in a shared context. A Pod models an application-specific "logical host": it contains one or more application containers which are relatively tightly coupled. In non-cloud contexts, applications executed on the same physical or virtual machine are analogous to cloud applications executed on the same logical host.As well as application containers, a Pod can contain init containers that run during Pod startup. You can also inject ephemeral containers for debugging a running Pod.What is a Pod?Note:You need to install a container runtime into each node in the cluster so that Pods can run there.The shared context of a Pod is a set of Linux namespaces, cgroups, and potentially other facets of isolation - the same things that isolate a container. Within a Pod's context, the individual applications may have further sub-isolations applied.A Pod is similar to a set of containers with shared namespaces and shared filesystem volumes.Pods in a Kubernetes cluster are used in two main ways:Pods that run a single container. The "one-container-per-Pod" model is the most common Kubernetes use case; in this case, you can think of a Pod as a wrapper around a single container; Kubernetes manages Pods rather than managing the containers directly.Pods that run multiple containers that need to work together. A Pod can encapsulate an application composed of multiple co-located containers that are tightly coupled and need to share resources. These co-located containers form a single cohesive unit.Grouping multiple co-located and co-managed containers in a single Pod is a relatively advanced use case. You should use this pattern only in specific instances in which your containers are tightly coupled.You don't need to run multiple containers to provide replication (for resilience or capacity); if you need multiple replicas, see Workload management.Using PodsThe following is an example of a Pod which consists of a container running the image nginx:1.14.2.pods/simple-pod.yaml apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: name: nginx spec: containers: - name: nginx image: nginx:1.14.2 ports: - containerPort: 80 To create the Pod shown above, run the following command:kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/simple-pod.yaml Pods are generally not created directly and are created using workload resources. See Working with Pods for more information on how Pods are used with workload resources.Workload resources for managing podsUsually you don't need to create Pods directly, even singleton Pods. Instead, create them using workload resources such as Deployment or Job. If your Pods need to track state, consider the StatefulSet resource.Each Pod is meant t


Question: How does Pods work?

Answer: PodsPods are the smallest deployable units of computing that you can create and manage in Kubernetes.A Pod (as in a pod of whales or pea pod) is a group of one or more containers, with shared storage and network resources, and a specification for how to run the containers. A Pod's contents are always co-located and co-scheduled, and run in a shared context. A Pod models an application-specific "logical host": it contains one or more application containers which are relatively tightly coupled. In non-cloud contexts, applications executed on the same physical or virtual machine are analogous to cloud applications executed on the same logical host.As well as application containers, a Pod can contain init containers that run during Pod startup. You can also inject ephemeral containers for debugging a running Pod.What is a Pod?Note:You need to install a container runtime into each node in the cluster so that Pods can run there.The shared context of a Pod is a set of Linux namespaces, cgroups, and potentially other facets of isolation - the same things that isolate a container. Within a Pod's context, the individual applications may have further sub-isolations applied.A Pod is similar to a set of containers with shared namespaces and shared filesystem volumes.Pods in a Kubernetes cluster are used in two main ways:Pods that run a single container. The "one-container-per-Pod" model is the most common Kubernetes use case; in this case, you can think of a Pod as a wrapper around a single container; Kubernetes manages Pods rather than managing the containers directly.Pods that run multiple containers that need to work together. A Pod can encapsulate an application composed of multiple co-located containers that are tightly coupled and need to share resources. These co-located containers form a single cohesive unit.Grouping multiple co-located and co-managed containers in a single Pod is a relatively advanced use case. You should use this pattern only in specific instances in which your containers are tightly coupled.You don't need to run multiple containers to provide replication (for resilience or capacity); if you need multiple replicas, see Workload management.Using PodsThe following is an example of a Pod which consists of a container running the image nginx:1.14.2.pods/simple-pod.yaml apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: name: nginx spec: containers: - name: nginx image: nginx:1.14.2 ports: - containerPort: 80 To create the Pod shown above, run the following command:kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/simple-pod.yaml Pods are generally not created directly and are created using workload resources. See Working with Pods for more information on how Pods are used with workload resources.Workload resources for managing podsUsually you don't need to create Pods directly, even singleton Pods. Instead, create them using workload resources such as Deployment or Job. If your Pods need to track state, consider the StatefulSet resource.Each Pod is meant t


Question: When would you use Pods?

Answer: PodsPods are the smallest deployable units of computing that you can create and manage in Kubernetes.A Pod (as in a pod of whales or pea pod) is a group of one or more containers, with shared storage and network resources, and a specification for how to run the containers. A Pod's contents are always co-located and co-scheduled, and run in a shared context. A Pod models an application-specific "logical host": it contains one or more application containers which are relatively tightly coupled. In non-cloud contexts, applications executed on the same physical or virtual machine are analogous to cloud applications executed on the same logical host.As well as application containers, a Pod can contain init containers that run during Pod startup. You can also inject ephemeral containers for debugging a running Pod.What is a Pod?Note:You need to install a container runtime into each node in the cluster so that Pods can run there.The shared context of a Pod is a set of Linux namespaces, cgroups, and potentially other facets of isolation - the same things that isolate a container. Within a Pod's context, the individual applications may have further sub-isolations applied.A Pod is similar to a set of containers with shared namespaces and shared filesystem volumes.Pods in a Kubernetes cluster are used in two main ways:Pods that run a single container. The "one-container-per-Pod" model is the most common Kubernetes use case; in this case, you can think of a Pod as a wrapper around a single container; Kubernetes manages Pods rather than managing the containers directly.Pods that run multiple containers that need to work together. A Pod can encapsulate an application composed of multiple co-located containers that are tightly coupled and need to share resources. These co-located containers form a single cohesive unit.Grouping multiple co-located and co-managed containers in a single Pod is a relatively advanced use case. You should use this pattern only in specific instances in which your containers are tightly coupled.You don't need to run multiple containers to provide replication (for resilience or capacity); if you need multiple replicas, see Workload management.Using PodsThe following is an example of a Pod which consists of a container running the image nginx:1.14.2.pods/simple-pod.yaml apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: name: nginx spec: containers: - name: nginx image: nginx:1.14.2 ports: - containerPort: 80 To create the Pod shown above, run the following command:kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/simple-pod.yaml Pods are generally not created directly and are created using workload resources. See Working with Pods for more information on how Pods are used with workload resources.Workload resources for managing podsUsually you don't need to create Pods directly, even singleton Pods. Instead, create them using workload resources such as Deployment or Job. If your Pods need to track state, consider the StatefulSet resource.Each Pod is meant t


Question: What are the benefits of Pods?

Answer: PodsPods are the smallest deployable units of computing that you can create and manage in Kubernetes.A Pod (as in a pod of whales or pea pod) is a group of one or more containers, with shared storage and network resources, and a specification for how to run the containers. A Pod's contents are always co-located and co-scheduled, and run in a shared context. A Pod models an application-specific "logical host": it contains one or more application containers which are relatively tightly coupled. In non-cloud contexts, applications executed on the same physical or virtual machine are analogous to cloud applications executed on the same logical host.As well as application containers, a Pod can contain init containers that run during Pod startup. You can also inject ephemeral containers for debugging a running Pod.What is a Pod?Note:You need to install a container runtime into each node in the cluster so that Pods can run there.The shared context of a Pod is a set of Linux namespaces, cgroups, and potentially other facets of isolation - the same things that isolate a container. Within a Pod's context, the individual applications may have further sub-isolations applied.A Pod is similar to a set of containers with shared namespaces and shared filesystem volumes.Pods in a Kubernetes cluster are used in two main ways:Pods that run a single container. The "one-container-per-Pod" model is the most common Kubernetes use case; in this case, you can think of a Pod as a wrapper around a single container; Kubernetes manages Pods rather than managing the containers directly.Pods that run multiple containers that need to work together. A Pod can encapsulate an application composed of multiple co-located containers that are tightly coupled and need to share resources. These co-located containers form a single cohesive unit.Grouping multiple co-located and co-managed containers in a single Pod is a relatively advanced use case. You should use this pattern only in specific instances in which your containers are tightly coupled.You don't need to run multiple containers to provide replication (for resilience or capacity); if you need multiple replicas, see Workload management.Using PodsThe following is an example of a Pod which consists of a container running the image nginx:1.14.2.pods/simple-pod.yaml apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: name: nginx spec: containers: - name: nginx image: nginx:1.14.2 ports: - containerPort: 80 To create the Pod shown above, run the following command:kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/simple-pod.yaml Pods are generally not created directly and are created using workload resources. See Working with Pods for more information on how Pods are used with workload resources.Workload resources for managing podsUsually you don't need to create Pods directly, even singleton Pods. Instead, create them using workload resources such as Deployment or Job. If your Pods need to track state, consider the StatefulSet resource.Each Pod is meant t


Question: What is Pods?

Answer: P o d s   a r e   t h e   s m a l l e s t   d e p l o y a b l e   u n i t s   o f   c o m p u t i n g   t h a t   y o u   c a n   c r e a t e   a n d   m a n a g e   i n   K u b e r n e t e s .   A   P o d   ( a s   i n   a   p o d   o f   w h a l e s   o r   p e a   p o d )   i s   a   g r o u p   o f   o n e   o r   m o r e   c o n t a i n e r s ,   w i t h   s h a r e d   s t o r a g e   a n d   n e t w o r k   r e s o u r c e s ,   a n d   a   s p e c i f i c a t i o n   f o r   h o w   t o   r u n   t h e   c o n t a i n e r s .   A   P o d ' s   c o n t e n t s   a r e   a l w a y s   c o - l o c a t e d   a n d   c o - s c h e d u l e d ,   a n d   r u n   i n   a   s h a r e d   c o n t e x t .   A   P o d   m o d e l s   a n   a p p l i c a t i o n - s p e c i f i c   " l o g i c a l   h o s t " :   i t   c o n t a i n s   o n e   o r   m o r e   a p p l i c a t i o n   c o n t a i n e r s   w h i c h   a r e   r e l a t i v e l y   t i g h t l y   c o u p l e d .   I n   n o n - c l o u d   c o n t e x t s ,   a p p l i c a t i o n s   e x e c u t e d   o n   t h e   s a m e   p h y s i c a l   o r   v i r t u a l   m a c h i n e   a r e   a n a l o g o u s   t o   c l o u d   a p p l i c a t i o n s   e x e c u t e d   o n   t h e   s a m e   l o g i c a l   h o s t .   A s   w e l l   a s   a p p l i c a t i o n   c o n t a i n e r s ,   a   P o d   c a n   c o n t a i n   i n i t   c o n t a i n e r s   t h a t   r u n   d u r i n g   P o d   s t a r t u p .   Y o u   c a n   a l s o   i n j e c t   e p h e m e r a l   c o n t a i n e r s   f o r   d e b u g g i n g   a   r u n n i n g   P o d .


Question: What is Note:?

Answer: T h e   s h a r e d   c o n t e x t   o f   a   P o d   i s   a   s e t   o f   L i n u x   n a m e s p a c e s ,   c g r o u p s ,   a n d   p o t e n t i a l l y   o t h e r   f a c e t s   o f   i s o l a t i o n   -   t h e   s a m e   t h i n g s   t h a t   i s o l a t e   a   c o n t a i n e r .   W i t h i n   a   P o d ' s   c o n t e x t ,   t h e   i n d i v i d u a l   a p p l i c a t i o n s   m a y   h a v e   f u r t h e r   s u b - i s o l a t i o n s   a p p l i e d .   A   P o d   i s   s i m i l a r   t o   a   s e t   o f   c o n t a i n e r s   w i t h   s h a r e d   n a m e s p a c e s   a n d   s h a r e d   f i l e s y s t e m   v o l u m e s .   P o d s   i n   a   K u b e r n e t e s   c l u s t e r   a r e   u s e d   i n   t w o   m a i n   w a y s :   P o d s   t h a t   r u n   a   s i n g l e   c o n t a i n e r .   T h e   " o n e - c o n t a i n e r - p e r - P o d "   m o d e l   i s   t h e   m o s t   c o m m o n   K u b e r n e t e s   u s e   c a s e ;   i n   t h i s   c a s e ,   y o u   c a n   t h i n k   o f   a   P o d   a s   a   w r a p p e r   a r o u n d   a   s i n g l e   c o n t a i n e r ;   K u b e r n e t e s   m a n a g e s   P o d s   r a t h e r   t h a n   m a n a g i n g   t h e   c o n t a i n e r s   d i r e c t l y . P o d s   t h a t   r u n   m u l t i p l e   c o n t a i n e r s   t h a t   n e e d   t o   w o r k   t o g e t h e r .   A   P o d   c a n   e n c a p s u l a t e   a n   a p p l i c a t i o n   c o m p o s e d   o f   m u l t i p l e   c o - l o c a t e d   c o n t a i n e r s   t h a t   a r e   t i g h t l y   c o u p l e d   a n d   n e e d   t o   s h a r e   r e s o u r c e s .   T h e s e   c o - l o c a t e d   c o n t a i n e r s   f o r m   a   s i n g l e   c o h e s i v e   u n i t . G r o u p i n g   m u l t i p l e   c o - l o c a t e d   a n d   c o - m a n a g e d   c o n t a i n e r s   i n   a   s i n g l e   P o d   i s   a   r e l a t i v e l y   a d v a n c e d   u s


Question: What is Using Pods?

Answer: T h e   f o l l o w i n g   i s   a n   e x a m p l e   o f   a   P o d   w h i c h   c o n s i s t s   o f   a   c o n t a i n e r   r u n n i n g   t h e   i m a g e   n g i n x : 1 . 1 4 . 2 .   a p i V e r s i o n :   v 1   k i n d :   P o d   m e t a d a t a :   n a m e :   n g i n x   s p e c :   c o n t a i n e r s :   -   n a m e :   n g i n x   i m a g e :   n g i n x : 1 . 1 4 . 2   p o r t s :   -   c o n t a i n e r P o r t :   8 0   T o   c r e a t e   t h e   P o d   s h o w n   a b o v e ,   r u n   t h e   f o l l o w i n g   c o m m a n d :   k u b e c t l   a p p l y   - f   h t t p s : / / k 8 s . i o / e x a m p l e s / p o d s / s i m p l e - p o d . y a m l   P o d s   a r e   g e n e r a l l y   n o t   c r e a t e d   d i r e c t l y   a n d   a r e   c r e a t e d   u s i n g   w o r k l o a d   r e s o u r c e s .   S e e   W o r k i n g   w i t h   P o d s   f o r   m o r e   i n f o r m a t i o n   o n   h o w   P o d s   a r e   u s e d   w i t h   w o r k l o a d   r e s o u r c e s .


Question: What is Workload resources for managing pods?

Answer: U s u a l l y   y o u   d o n ' t   n e e d   t o   c r e a t e   P o d s   d i r e c t l y ,   e v e n   s i n g l e t o n   P o d s .   I n s t e a d ,   c r e a t e   t h e m   u s i n g   w o r k l o a d   r e s o u r c e s   s u c h   a s   D e p l o y m e n t   o r   J o b .   I f   y o u r   P o d s   n e e d   t o   t r a c k   s t a t e ,   c o n s i d e r   t h e   S t a t e f u l S e t   r e s o u r c e .   E a c h   P o d   i s   m e a n t   t o   r u n   a   s i n g l e   i n s t a n c e   o f   a   g i v e n   a p p l i c a t i o n .   I f   y o u   w a n t   t o   s c a l e   y o u r   a p p l i c a t i o n   h o r i z o n t a l l y   ( t o   p r o v i d e   m o r e   o v e r a l l   r e s o u r c e s   b y   r u n n i n g   m o r e   i n s t a n c e s ) ,   y o u   s h o u l d   u s e   m u l t i p l e   P o d s ,   o n e   f o r   e a c h   i n s t a n c e .   I n   K u b e r n e t e s ,   t h i s   i s   t y p i c a l l y   r e f e r r e d   t o   a s   r e p l i c a t i o n .   R e p l i c a t e d   P o d s   a r e   u s u a l l y   c r e a t e d   a n d   m a n a g e d   a s   a   g r o u p   b y   a   w o r k l o a d   r e s o u r c e   a n d   i t s   c o n t r o l l e r .   S e e   P o d s   a n d   c o n t r o l l e r s   f o r   m o r e   i n f o r m a t i o n   o n   h o w   K u b e r n e t e s   u s e s   w o r k l o a d   r e s o u r c e s ,   a n d   t h e i r   c o n t r o l l e r s ,   t o   i m p l e m e n t   a p p l i c a t i o n   s c a l i n g   a n d   a u t o - h e a l i n g .   P o d s   n a t i v e l y   p r o v i d e   t w o   k i n d s   o f   s h a r e d   r e s o u r c e s   f o r   t h e i r   c o n s t i t u e n t   c o n t a i n e r s :   n e t w o r k i n g   a n d   s t o r a g e .


Question: What is Working with Pods?

Answer: Y o u ' l l   r a r e l y   c r e a t e   i n d i v i d u a l   P o d s   d i r e c t l y   i n   K u b e r n e t e s — e v e n   s i n g l e t o n   P o d s .   T h i s   i s   b e c a u s e   P o d s   a r e   d e s i g n e d   a s   r e l a t i v e l y   e p h e m e r a l ,   d i s p o s a b l e   e n t i t i e s .   W h e n   a   P o d   g e t s   c r e a t e d   ( d i r e c t l y   b y   y o u ,   o r   i n d i r e c t l y   b y   a   c o n t r o l l e r ) ,   t h e   n e w   P o d   i s   s c h e d u l e d   t o   r u n   o n   a   N o d e   i n   y o u r   c l u s t e r .   T h e   P o d   r e m a i n s   o n   t h a t   n o d e   u n t i l   t h e   P o d   f i n i s h e s   e x e c u t i o n ,   t h e   P o d   o b j e c t   i s   d e l e t e d ,   t h e   P o d   i s   e v i c t e d   f o r   l a c k   o f   r e s o u r c e s ,   o r   t h e   n o d e   f a i l s .


Question: What is Note:?

Answer: T h e   n a m e   o f   a   P o d   m u s t   b e   a   v a l i d   D N S   s u b d o m a i n   v a l u e ,   b u t   t h i s   c a n   p r o d u c e   u n e x p e c t e d   r e s u l t s   f o r   t h e   P o d   h o s t n a m e .   F o r   b e s t   c o m p a t i b i l i t y ,   t h e   n a m e   s h o u l d   f o l l o w   t h e   m o r e   r e s t r i c t i v e   r u l e s   f o r   a   D N S   l a b e l .