Question: What are the benefits of kube-apiserver?

Answer: kube-apiserverSynopsisThe Kubernetes API server validates and configures data for the api objects which include pods, services, replicationcontrollers, and others. The API Server services REST operations and provides the frontend to the cluster's shared state through which all other components interact.kube-apiserver [flags] Options--admission-control-config-file stringFile with admission control configuration.--advertise-address stringThe IP address on which to advertise the apiserver to members of the cluster. This address must be reachable by the rest of the cluster. If blank, the --bind-address will be used. If --bind-address is unspecified, the host's default interface will be used.--aggregator-reject-forwarding-redirect Default: trueAggregator reject forwarding redirect response back to client.--allow-metric-labels stringToString Default: []The map from metric-label to value allow-list of this label. The key's format is <MetricName>,<LabelName>. The value's format is <allowed_value>,<allowed_value>...e.g. metric1,label1='v1,v2,v3', metric1,label2='v1,v2,v3' metric2,label1='v1,v2,v3'.--allow-metric-labels-manifest stringThe path to the manifest file that contains the allow-list mapping. The format of the file is the same as the flag --allow-metric-labels. Note that the flag --allow-metric-labels will override the manifest file.--allow-privilegedIf true, allow privileged containers. [default=false]--anonymous-auth Default: trueEnables anonymous requests to the secure port of the API server. Requests that are not rejected by another authentication method are treated as anonymous requests. Anonymous requests have a username of system:anonymous, and a group name of system:unauthenticated.--api-audiences stringsIdentifiers of the API. The service account token authenticator will validate that tokens used against the API are bound to at least one of these audiences. If the --service-account-issuer flag is configured and this flag is not, this field defaults to a single element list containing the issuer URL.--audit-log-batch-buffer-size int Default: 10000The size of the buffer to store events before batching and writing. Only used in batch mode.--audit-log-batch-max-size int Default: 1The maximum size of a batch. Only used in batch mode.--audit-log-batch-max-wait durationThe amount of time to wait before force writing the batch that hadn't reached the max size. Only used in batch mode.--audit-log-batch-throttle-burst intMaximum number of requests sent at the same moment if ThrottleQPS was not utilized before. Only used in batch mode.--audit-log-batch-throttle-enableWhether batching throttling is enabled. Only used in batch mode.--audit-log-batch-throttle-qps floatMaximum average number of batches per second. Only used in batch mode.--audit-log-compressIf set, the rotated log files will be compressed using gzip.--audit-log-format string Default: "json"Format of saved audits. "legacy" indicates 1-line text format for each event. "json" indicates str


Question: What is Synopsis?

Answer: T h e   K u b e r n e t e s   A P I   s e r v e r   v a l i d a t e s   a n d   c o n f i g u r e s   d a t a   f o r   t h e   a p i   o b j e c t s   w h i c h   i n c l u d e   p o d s ,   s e r v i c e s ,   r e p l i c a t i o n c o n t r o l l e r s ,   a n d   o t h e r s .   T h e   A P I   S e r v e r   s e r v i c e s   R E S T   o p e r a t i o n s   a n d   p r o v i d e s   t h e   f r o n t e n d   t o   t h e   c l u s t e r ' s   s h a r e d   s t a t e   t h r o u g h   w h i c h   a l l   o t h e r   c o m p o n e n t s   i n t e r a c t .   k u b e - a p i s e r v e r   [ f l a g s ]


Question: What is Options?

Answer: F i l e   w i t h   a d m i s s i o n   c o n t r o l   c o n f i g u r a t i o n .   T h e   I P   a d d r e s s   o n   w h i c h   t o   a d v e r t i s e   t h e   a p i s e r v e r   t o   m e m b e r s   o f   t h e   c l u s t e r .   T h i s   a d d r e s s   m u s t   b e   r e a c h a b l e   b y   t h e   r e s t   o f   t h e   c l u s t e r .   I f   b l a n k ,   t h e   - - b i n d - a d d r e s s   w i l l   b e   u s e d .   I f   - - b i n d - a d d r e s s   i s   u n s p e c i f i e d ,   t h e   h o s t ' s   d e f a u l t   i n t e r f a c e   w i l l   b e   u s e d .   A g g r e g a t o r   r e j e c t   f o r w a r d i n g   r e d i r e c t   r e s p o n s e   b a c k   t o   c l i e n t .   T h e   m a p   f r o m   m e t r i c - l a b e l   t o   v a l u e   a l l o w - l i s t   o f   t h i s   l a b e l .   T h e   k e y ' s   f o r m a t   i s   < M e t r i c N a m e > , < L a b e l N a m e > .   T h e   v a l u e ' s   f o r m a t   i s   < a l l o w e d _ v a l u e > , < a l l o w e d _ v a l u e > . . . e . g .   m e t r i c 1 , l a b e l 1 = ' v 1 , v 2 , v 3 ' ,   m e t r i c 1 , l a b e l 2 = ' v 1 , v 2 , v 3 '   m e t r i c 2 , l a b e l 1 = ' v 1 , v 2 , v 3 ' .   T h e   p a t h   t o   t h e   m a n i f e s t   f i l e   t h a t   c o n t a i n s   t h e   a l l o w - l i s t   m a p p i n g .   T h e   f o r m a t   o f   t h e   f i l e   i s   t h e   s a m e   a s   t h e   f l a g   - - a l l o w - m e t r i c - l a b e l s .   N o t e   t h a t   t h e   f l a g   - - a l l o w - m e t r i c - l a b e l s   w i l l   o v e r r i d e   t h e   m a n i f e s t   f i l e .   I f   t r u e ,   a l l o w   p r i v i l e g e d   c o n t a i n e r s .   [ d e f a u l t = f a l s e ]   E n a b l e s   a n o n y m o u s   r e q u e s t s   t o   t h e   s e c u r e   p o r t   o f   t h e   A P I   s e r v e r .   R e q u e s t s   t h a t   a r e   n o t   r e j e c t e d   b y   a n o t h e r   a u t h e n t i c a t i o n   m


Question: What is Automatic Cleanup for Finished Jobs?

Answer: Automatic Cleanup for Finished JobsA time-to-live mechanism to clean up old Jobs that have finished execution.FEATURE STATE: Kubernetes v1.23 [stable]When your Job has finished, it's useful to keep that Job in the API (and not immediately delete the Job) so that you can tell whether the Job succeeded or failed.Kubernetes' TTL-after-finished controller provides a TTL (time to live) mechanism to limit the lifetime of Job objects that have finished execution.Cleanup for finished JobsThe TTL-after-finished controller is only supported for Jobs. You can use this mechanism to clean up finished Jobs (either Complete or Failed) automatically by specifying the .spec.ttlSecondsAfterFinished field of a Job, as in this example.The TTL-after-finished controller assumes that a Job is eligible to be cleaned up TTL seconds after the Job has finished. The timer starts once the status condition of the Job changes to show that the Job is either Complete or Failed; once the TTL has expired, that Job becomes eligible for cascading removal. When the TTL-after-finished controller cleans up a job, it will delete it cascadingly, that is to say it will delete its dependent objects together with it.Kubernetes honors object lifecycle guarantees on the Job, such as waiting for finalizers.You can set the TTL seconds at any time. Here are some examples for setting the .spec.ttlSecondsAfterFinished field of a Job:Specify this field in the Job manifest, so that a Job can be cleaned up automatically some time after it finishes.Manually set this field of existing, already finished Jobs, so that they become eligible for cleanup.Use a mutating admission webhook to set this field dynamically at Job creation time. Cluster administrators can use this to enforce a TTL policy for finished jobs.Use a mutating admission webhook to set this field dynamically after the Job has finished, and choose different TTL values based on job status, labels. For this case, the webhook needs to detect changes to the .status of the Job and only set a TTL when the Job is being marked as completed.Write your own controller to manage the cleanup TTL for Jobs that match a particular selector.CaveatsUpdating TTL for finished JobsYou can modify the TTL period, e.g. .spec.ttlSecondsAfterFinished field of Jobs, after the job is created or has finished. If you extend the TTL period after the existing ttlSecondsAfterFinished period has expired, Kubernetes doesn't guarantee to retain that Job, even if an update to extend the TTL returns a successful API response.Time skewBecause the TTL-after-finished controller uses timestamps stored in the Kubernetes jobs to determine whether the TTL has expired or not, this feature is sensitive to time skew in your cluster, which may cause the control plane to clean up Job objects at the wrong time.Clocks aren't always correct, but the difference should be very small. Please be aware of this risk when setting a non-zero TTL.What's nextRead Clean up Jobs automaticallyRefer to the


Question: How does Automatic Cleanup for Finished Jobs work?

Answer: Automatic Cleanup for Finished JobsA time-to-live mechanism to clean up old Jobs that have finished execution.FEATURE STATE: Kubernetes v1.23 [stable]When your Job has finished, it's useful to keep that Job in the API (and not immediately delete the Job) so that you can tell whether the Job succeeded or failed.Kubernetes' TTL-after-finished controller provides a TTL (time to live) mechanism to limit the lifetime of Job objects that have finished execution.Cleanup for finished JobsThe TTL-after-finished controller is only supported for Jobs. You can use this mechanism to clean up finished Jobs (either Complete or Failed) automatically by specifying the .spec.ttlSecondsAfterFinished field of a Job, as in this example.The TTL-after-finished controller assumes that a Job is eligible to be cleaned up TTL seconds after the Job has finished. The timer starts once the status condition of the Job changes to show that the Job is either Complete or Failed; once the TTL has expired, that Job becomes eligible for cascading removal. When the TTL-after-finished controller cleans up a job, it will delete it cascadingly, that is to say it will delete its dependent objects together with it.Kubernetes honors object lifecycle guarantees on the Job, such as waiting for finalizers.You can set the TTL seconds at any time. Here are some examples for setting the .spec.ttlSecondsAfterFinished field of a Job:Specify this field in the Job manifest, so that a Job can be cleaned up automatically some time after it finishes.Manually set this field of existing, already finished Jobs, so that they become eligible for cleanup.Use a mutating admission webhook to set this field dynamically at Job creation time. Cluster administrators can use this to enforce a TTL policy for finished jobs.Use a mutating admission webhook to set this field dynamically after the Job has finished, and choose different TTL values based on job status, labels. For this case, the webhook needs to detect changes to the .status of the Job and only set a TTL when the Job is being marked as completed.Write your own controller to manage the cleanup TTL for Jobs that match a particular selector.CaveatsUpdating TTL for finished JobsYou can modify the TTL period, e.g. .spec.ttlSecondsAfterFinished field of Jobs, after the job is created or has finished. If you extend the TTL period after the existing ttlSecondsAfterFinished period has expired, Kubernetes doesn't guarantee to retain that Job, even if an update to extend the TTL returns a successful API response.Time skewBecause the TTL-after-finished controller uses timestamps stored in the Kubernetes jobs to determine whether the TTL has expired or not, this feature is sensitive to time skew in your cluster, which may cause the control plane to clean up Job objects at the wrong time.Clocks aren't always correct, but the difference should be very small. Please be aware of this risk when setting a non-zero TTL.What's nextRead Clean up Jobs automaticallyRefer to the


Question: When would you use Automatic Cleanup for Finished Jobs?

Answer: Automatic Cleanup for Finished JobsA time-to-live mechanism to clean up old Jobs that have finished execution.FEATURE STATE: Kubernetes v1.23 [stable]When your Job has finished, it's useful to keep that Job in the API (and not immediately delete the Job) so that you can tell whether the Job succeeded or failed.Kubernetes' TTL-after-finished controller provides a TTL (time to live) mechanism to limit the lifetime of Job objects that have finished execution.Cleanup for finished JobsThe TTL-after-finished controller is only supported for Jobs. You can use this mechanism to clean up finished Jobs (either Complete or Failed) automatically by specifying the .spec.ttlSecondsAfterFinished field of a Job, as in this example.The TTL-after-finished controller assumes that a Job is eligible to be cleaned up TTL seconds after the Job has finished. The timer starts once the status condition of the Job changes to show that the Job is either Complete or Failed; once the TTL has expired, that Job becomes eligible for cascading removal. When the TTL-after-finished controller cleans up a job, it will delete it cascadingly, that is to say it will delete its dependent objects together with it.Kubernetes honors object lifecycle guarantees on the Job, such as waiting for finalizers.You can set the TTL seconds at any time. Here are some examples for setting the .spec.ttlSecondsAfterFinished field of a Job:Specify this field in the Job manifest, so that a Job can be cleaned up automatically some time after it finishes.Manually set this field of existing, already finished Jobs, so that they become eligible for cleanup.Use a mutating admission webhook to set this field dynamically at Job creation time. Cluster administrators can use this to enforce a TTL policy for finished jobs.Use a mutating admission webhook to set this field dynamically after the Job has finished, and choose different TTL values based on job status, labels. For this case, the webhook needs to detect changes to the .status of the Job and only set a TTL when the Job is being marked as completed.Write your own controller to manage the cleanup TTL for Jobs that match a particular selector.CaveatsUpdating TTL for finished JobsYou can modify the TTL period, e.g. .spec.ttlSecondsAfterFinished field of Jobs, after the job is created or has finished. If you extend the TTL period after the existing ttlSecondsAfterFinished period has expired, Kubernetes doesn't guarantee to retain that Job, even if an update to extend the TTL returns a successful API response.Time skewBecause the TTL-after-finished controller uses timestamps stored in the Kubernetes jobs to determine whether the TTL has expired or not, this feature is sensitive to time skew in your cluster, which may cause the control plane to clean up Job objects at the wrong time.Clocks aren't always correct, but the difference should be very small. Please be aware of this risk when setting a non-zero TTL.What's nextRead Clean up Jobs automaticallyRefer to the


Question: What are the benefits of Automatic Cleanup for Finished Jobs?

Answer: Automatic Cleanup for Finished JobsA time-to-live mechanism to clean up old Jobs that have finished execution.FEATURE STATE: Kubernetes v1.23 [stable]When your Job has finished, it's useful to keep that Job in the API (and not immediately delete the Job) so that you can tell whether the Job succeeded or failed.Kubernetes' TTL-after-finished controller provides a TTL (time to live) mechanism to limit the lifetime of Job objects that have finished execution.Cleanup for finished JobsThe TTL-after-finished controller is only supported for Jobs. You can use this mechanism to clean up finished Jobs (either Complete or Failed) automatically by specifying the .spec.ttlSecondsAfterFinished field of a Job, as in this example.The TTL-after-finished controller assumes that a Job is eligible to be cleaned up TTL seconds after the Job has finished. The timer starts once the status condition of the Job changes to show that the Job is either Complete or Failed; once the TTL has expired, that Job becomes eligible for cascading removal. When the TTL-after-finished controller cleans up a job, it will delete it cascadingly, that is to say it will delete its dependent objects together with it.Kubernetes honors object lifecycle guarantees on the Job, such as waiting for finalizers.You can set the TTL seconds at any time. Here are some examples for setting the .spec.ttlSecondsAfterFinished field of a Job:Specify this field in the Job manifest, so that a Job can be cleaned up automatically some time after it finishes.Manually set this field of existing, already finished Jobs, so that they become eligible for cleanup.Use a mutating admission webhook to set this field dynamically at Job creation time. Cluster administrators can use this to enforce a TTL policy for finished jobs.Use a mutating admission webhook to set this field dynamically after the Job has finished, and choose different TTL values based on job status, labels. For this case, the webhook needs to detect changes to the .status of the Job and only set a TTL when the Job is being marked as completed.Write your own controller to manage the cleanup TTL for Jobs that match a particular selector.CaveatsUpdating TTL for finished JobsYou can modify the TTL period, e.g. .spec.ttlSecondsAfterFinished field of Jobs, after the job is created or has finished. If you extend the TTL period after the existing ttlSecondsAfterFinished period has expired, Kubernetes doesn't guarantee to retain that Job, even if an update to extend the TTL returns a successful API response.Time skewBecause the TTL-after-finished controller uses timestamps stored in the Kubernetes jobs to determine whether the TTL has expired or not, this feature is sensitive to time skew in your cluster, which may cause the control plane to clean up Job objects at the wrong time.Clocks aren't always correct, but the difference should be very small. Please be aware of this risk when setting a non-zero TTL.What's nextRead Clean up Jobs automaticallyRefer to the


Question: What is Automatic Cleanup for Finished Jobs?

Answer: W h e n   y o u r   J o b   h a s   f i n i s h e d ,   i t ' s   u s e f u l   t o   k e e p   t h a t   J o b   i n   t h e   A P I   ( a n d   n o t   i m m e d i a t e l y   d e l e t e   t h e   J o b )   s o   t h a t   y o u   c a n   t e l l   w h e t h e r   t h e   J o b   s u c c e e d e d   o r   f a i l e d .   K u b e r n e t e s '   T T L - a f t e r - f i n i s h e d   c o n t r o l l e r   p r o v i d e s   a   T T L   ( t i m e   t o   l i v e )   m e c h a n i s m   t o   l i m i t   t h e   l i f e t i m e   o f   J o b   o b j e c t s   t h a t   h a v e   f i n i s h e d   e x e c u t i o n .


Question: What is Cleanup for finished Jobs?

Answer: T h e   T T L - a f t e r - f i n i s h e d   c o n t r o l l e r   i s   o n l y   s u p p o r t e d   f o r   J o b s .   Y o u   c a n   u s e   t h i s   m e c h a n i s m   t o   c l e a n   u p   f i n i s h e d   J o b s   ( e i t h e r   C o m p l e t e   o r   F a i l e d )   a u t o m a t i c a l l y   b y   s p e c i f y i n g   t h e   . s p e c . t t l S e c o n d s A f t e r F i n i s h e d   f i e l d   o f   a   J o b ,   a s   i n   t h i s   e x a m p l e .   T h e   T T L - a f t e r - f i n i s h e d   c o n t r o l l e r   a s s u m e s   t h a t   a   J o b   i s   e l i g i b l e   t o   b e   c l e a n e d   u p   T T L   s e c o n d s   a f t e r   t h e   J o b   h a s   f i n i s h e d .   T h e   t i m e r   s t a r t s   o n c e   t h e   s t a t u s   c o n d i t i o n   o f   t h e   J o b   c h a n g e s   t o   s h o w   t h a t   t h e   J o b   i s   e i t h e r   C o m p l e t e   o r   F a i l e d ;   o n c e   t h e   T T L   h a s   e x p i r e d ,   t h a t   J o b   b e c o m e s   e l i g i b l e   f o r   c a s c a d i n g   r e m o v a l .   W h e n   t h e   T T L - a f t e r - f i n i s h e d   c o n t r o l l e r   c l e a n s   u p   a   j o b ,   i t   w i l l   d e l e t e   i t   c a s c a d i n g l y ,   t h a t   i s   t o   s a y   i t   w i l l   d e l e t e   i t s   d e p e n d e n t   o b j e c t s   t o g e t h e r   w i t h   i t .   K u b e r n e t e s   h o n o r s   o b j e c t   l i f e c y c l e   g u a r a n t e e s   o n   t h e   J o b ,   s u c h   a s   w a i t i n g   f o r   f i n a l i z e r s .   Y o u   c a n   s e t   t h e   T T L   s e c o n d s   a t   a n y   t i m e .   H e r e   a r e   s o m e   e x a m p l e s   f o r   s e t t i n g   t h e   . s p e c . t t l S e c o n d s A f t e r F i n i s h e d   f i e l d   o f   a   J o b :   S p e c i f y   t h i s   f i e l d   i n   t h e   J o b   m a n i f e s t ,   s o   t h a t   a   J o b   c a n   b e   c l e a n e d   u p   a u t o


Question: What is Updating TTL for finished Jobs?

Answer: Y o u   c a n   m o d i f y   t h e   T T L   p e r i o d ,   e . g .   . s p e c . t t l S e c o n d s A f t e r F i n i s h e d   f i e l d   o f   J o b s ,   a f t e r   t h e   j o b   i s   c r e a t e d   o r   h a s   f i n i s h e d .   I f   y o u   e x t e n d   t h e   T T L   p e r i o d   a f t e r   t h e   e x i s t i n g   t t l S e c o n d s A f t e r F i n i s h e d   p e r i o d   h a s   e x p i r e d ,   K u b e r n e t e s   d o e s n ' t   g u a r a n t e e   t o   r e t a i n   t h a t   J o b ,   e v e n   i f   a n   u p d a t e   t o   e x t e n d   t h e   T T L   r e t u r n s   a   s u c c e s s f u l   A P I   r e s p o n s e .


Question: What is Time skew?

Answer: B e c a u s e   t h e   T T L - a f t e r - f i n i s h e d   c o n t r o l l e r   u s e s   t i m e s t a m p s   s t o r e d   i n   t h e   K u b e r n e t e s   j o b s   t o   d e t e r m i n e   w h e t h e r   t h e   T T L   h a s   e x p i r e d   o r   n o t ,   t h i s   f e a t u r e   i s   s e n s i t i v e   t o   t i m e   s k e w   i n   y o u r   c l u s t e r ,   w h i c h   m a y   c a u s e   t h e   c o n t r o l   p l a n e   t o   c l e a n   u p   J o b   o b j e c t s   a t   t h e   w r o n g   t i m e .   C l o c k s   a r e n ' t   a l w a y s   c o r r e c t ,   b u t   t h e   d i f f e r e n c e   s h o u l d   b e   v e r y   s m a l l .   P l e a s e   b e   a w a r e   o f   t h i s   r i s k   w h e n   s e t t i n g   a   n o n - z e r o   T T L .


Question: What is What's next?

Answer: R e a d   C l e a n   u p   J o b s   a u t o m a t i c a l l y R e f e r   t o   t h e   K u b e r n e t e s   E n h a n c e m e n t   P r o p o s a l   ( K E P )   f o r   a d d i n g   t h i s   m e c h a n i s m .   R e a d   C l e a n   u p   J o b s   a u t o m a t i c a l l y   R e f e r   t o   t h e   K u b e r n e t e s   E n h a n c e m e n t   P r o p o s a l   ( K E P )   f o r   a d d i n g   t h i s   m e c h a n i s m .


Question: What is kubeadm config?

Answer: kubeadm configDuring kubeadm init, kubeadm uploads the ClusterConfiguration object to your cluster in a ConfigMap called kubeadm-config in the kube-system namespace. This configuration is then read during kubeadm join, kubeadm reset and kubeadm upgrade.You can use kubeadm config print to print the default static configuration that kubeadm uses for kubeadm init and kubeadm join.Note:The output of the command is meant to serve as an example. You must manually edit the output of this command to adapt to your setup. Remove the fields that you are not certain about and kubeadm will try to default them on runtime by examining the host.For more information on init and join navigate to Using kubeadm init with a configuration file or Using kubeadm join with a configuration file.For more information on using the kubeadm configuration API navigate to Customizing components with the kubeadm API.You can use kubeadm config migrate to convert your old configuration files that contain a deprecated API version to a newer, supported API version.kubeadm config validate can be used for validating a configuration file.kubeadm config images list and kubeadm config images pull can be used to list and pull the images that kubeadm requires.kubeadm config printPrint configurationSynopsisThis command prints configurations for subcommands provided. For details, see: https://pkg.go.dev/k8s.io/kubernetes/cmd/kubeadm/app/apis/kubeadm#section-directorieskubeadm config print [flags] Options-h, --helphelp for printOptions inherited from parent commands--kubeconfig string Default: "/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf"The kubeconfig file to use when talking to the cluster. If the flag is not set, a set of standard locations can be searched for an existing kubeconfig file.--rootfs stringThe path to the 'real' host root filesystem. This will cause kubeadm to chroot into the provided path.kubeadm config print init-defaultsPrint default init configuration, that can be used for 'kubeadm init'SynopsisThis command prints objects such as the default init configuration that is used for 'kubeadm init'.Note that sensitive values like the Bootstrap Token fields are replaced with placeholder values like "abcdef.0123456789abcdef" in order to pass validation but not perform the real computation for creating a token.kubeadm config print init-defaults [flags] Options--component-configs stringsA comma-separated list for component config API objects to print the default values for. Available values: [KubeProxyConfiguration KubeletConfiguration]. If this flag is not set, no component configs will be printed.-h, --helphelp for init-defaultsOptions inherited from parent commands--kubeconfig string Default: "/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf"The kubeconfig file to use when talking to the cluster. If the flag is not set, a set of standard locations can be searched for an existing kubeconfig file.--rootfs stringThe path to the 'real' host root filesystem. This will cause kubeadm to chroot into the provided path.kubeadm co


Question: How does kubeadm config work?

Answer: kubeadm configDuring kubeadm init, kubeadm uploads the ClusterConfiguration object to your cluster in a ConfigMap called kubeadm-config in the kube-system namespace. This configuration is then read during kubeadm join, kubeadm reset and kubeadm upgrade.You can use kubeadm config print to print the default static configuration that kubeadm uses for kubeadm init and kubeadm join.Note:The output of the command is meant to serve as an example. You must manually edit the output of this command to adapt to your setup. Remove the fields that you are not certain about and kubeadm will try to default them on runtime by examining the host.For more information on init and join navigate to Using kubeadm init with a configuration file or Using kubeadm join with a configuration file.For more information on using the kubeadm configuration API navigate to Customizing components with the kubeadm API.You can use kubeadm config migrate to convert your old configuration files that contain a deprecated API version to a newer, supported API version.kubeadm config validate can be used for validating a configuration file.kubeadm config images list and kubeadm config images pull can be used to list and pull the images that kubeadm requires.kubeadm config printPrint configurationSynopsisThis command prints configurations for subcommands provided. For details, see: https://pkg.go.dev/k8s.io/kubernetes/cmd/kubeadm/app/apis/kubeadm#section-directorieskubeadm config print [flags] Options-h, --helphelp for printOptions inherited from parent commands--kubeconfig string Default: "/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf"The kubeconfig file to use when talking to the cluster. If the flag is not set, a set of standard locations can be searched for an existing kubeconfig file.--rootfs stringThe path to the 'real' host root filesystem. This will cause kubeadm to chroot into the provided path.kubeadm config print init-defaultsPrint default init configuration, that can be used for 'kubeadm init'SynopsisThis command prints objects such as the default init configuration that is used for 'kubeadm init'.Note that sensitive values like the Bootstrap Token fields are replaced with placeholder values like "abcdef.0123456789abcdef" in order to pass validation but not perform the real computation for creating a token.kubeadm config print init-defaults [flags] Options--component-configs stringsA comma-separated list for component config API objects to print the default values for. Available values: [KubeProxyConfiguration KubeletConfiguration]. If this flag is not set, no component configs will be printed.-h, --helphelp for init-defaultsOptions inherited from parent commands--kubeconfig string Default: "/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf"The kubeconfig file to use when talking to the cluster. If the flag is not set, a set of standard locations can be searched for an existing kubeconfig file.--rootfs stringThe path to the 'real' host root filesystem. This will cause kubeadm to chroot into the provided path.kubeadm co


Question: When would you use kubeadm config?

Answer: kubeadm configDuring kubeadm init, kubeadm uploads the ClusterConfiguration object to your cluster in a ConfigMap called kubeadm-config in the kube-system namespace. This configuration is then read during kubeadm join, kubeadm reset and kubeadm upgrade.You can use kubeadm config print to print the default static configuration that kubeadm uses for kubeadm init and kubeadm join.Note:The output of the command is meant to serve as an example. You must manually edit the output of this command to adapt to your setup. Remove the fields that you are not certain about and kubeadm will try to default them on runtime by examining the host.For more information on init and join navigate to Using kubeadm init with a configuration file or Using kubeadm join with a configuration file.For more information on using the kubeadm configuration API navigate to Customizing components with the kubeadm API.You can use kubeadm config migrate to convert your old configuration files that contain a deprecated API version to a newer, supported API version.kubeadm config validate can be used for validating a configuration file.kubeadm config images list and kubeadm config images pull can be used to list and pull the images that kubeadm requires.kubeadm config printPrint configurationSynopsisThis command prints configurations for subcommands provided. For details, see: https://pkg.go.dev/k8s.io/kubernetes/cmd/kubeadm/app/apis/kubeadm#section-directorieskubeadm config print [flags] Options-h, --helphelp for printOptions inherited from parent commands--kubeconfig string Default: "/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf"The kubeconfig file to use when talking to the cluster. If the flag is not set, a set of standard locations can be searched for an existing kubeconfig file.--rootfs stringThe path to the 'real' host root filesystem. This will cause kubeadm to chroot into the provided path.kubeadm config print init-defaultsPrint default init configuration, that can be used for 'kubeadm init'SynopsisThis command prints objects such as the default init configuration that is used for 'kubeadm init'.Note that sensitive values like the Bootstrap Token fields are replaced with placeholder values like "abcdef.0123456789abcdef" in order to pass validation but not perform the real computation for creating a token.kubeadm config print init-defaults [flags] Options--component-configs stringsA comma-separated list for component config API objects to print the default values for. Available values: [KubeProxyConfiguration KubeletConfiguration]. If this flag is not set, no component configs will be printed.-h, --helphelp for init-defaultsOptions inherited from parent commands--kubeconfig string Default: "/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf"The kubeconfig file to use when talking to the cluster. If the flag is not set, a set of standard locations can be searched for an existing kubeconfig file.--rootfs stringThe path to the 'real' host root filesystem. This will cause kubeadm to chroot into the provided path.kubeadm co


Question: What are the benefits of kubeadm config?

Answer: kubeadm configDuring kubeadm init, kubeadm uploads the ClusterConfiguration object to your cluster in a ConfigMap called kubeadm-config in the kube-system namespace. This configuration is then read during kubeadm join, kubeadm reset and kubeadm upgrade.You can use kubeadm config print to print the default static configuration that kubeadm uses for kubeadm init and kubeadm join.Note:The output of the command is meant to serve as an example. You must manually edit the output of this command to adapt to your setup. Remove the fields that you are not certain about and kubeadm will try to default them on runtime by examining the host.For more information on init and join navigate to Using kubeadm init with a configuration file or Using kubeadm join with a configuration file.For more information on using the kubeadm configuration API navigate to Customizing components with the kubeadm API.You can use kubeadm config migrate to convert your old configuration files that contain a deprecated API version to a newer, supported API version.kubeadm config validate can be used for validating a configuration file.kubeadm config images list and kubeadm config images pull can be used to list and pull the images that kubeadm requires.kubeadm config printPrint configurationSynopsisThis command prints configurations for subcommands provided. For details, see: https://pkg.go.dev/k8s.io/kubernetes/cmd/kubeadm/app/apis/kubeadm#section-directorieskubeadm config print [flags] Options-h, --helphelp for printOptions inherited from parent commands--kubeconfig string Default: "/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf"The kubeconfig file to use when talking to the cluster. If the flag is not set, a set of standard locations can be searched for an existing kubeconfig file.--rootfs stringThe path to the 'real' host root filesystem. This will cause kubeadm to chroot into the provided path.kubeadm config print init-defaultsPrint default init configuration, that can be used for 'kubeadm init'SynopsisThis command prints objects such as the default init configuration that is used for 'kubeadm init'.Note that sensitive values like the Bootstrap Token fields are replaced with placeholder values like "abcdef.0123456789abcdef" in order to pass validation but not perform the real computation for creating a token.kubeadm config print init-defaults [flags] Options--component-configs stringsA comma-separated list for component config API objects to print the default values for. Available values: [KubeProxyConfiguration KubeletConfiguration]. If this flag is not set, no component configs will be printed.-h, --helphelp for init-defaultsOptions inherited from parent commands--kubeconfig string Default: "/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf"The kubeconfig file to use when talking to the cluster. If the flag is not set, a set of standard locations can be searched for an existing kubeconfig file.--rootfs stringThe path to the 'real' host root filesystem. This will cause kubeadm to chroot into the provided path.kubeadm co


Question: What is kubeadm config?

Answer: D u r i n g   k u b e a d m   i n i t ,   k u b e a d m   u p l o a d s   t h e   C l u s t e r C o n f i g u r a t i o n   o b j e c t   t o   y o u r   c l u s t e r   i n   a   C o n f i g M a p   c a l l e d   k u b e a d m - c o n f i g   i n   t h e   k u b e - s y s t e m   n a m e s p a c e .   T h i s   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   i s   t h e n   r e a d   d u r i n g   k u b e a d m   j o i n ,   k u b e a d m   r e s e t   a n d   k u b e a d m   u p g r a d e .   Y o u   c a n   u s e   k u b e a d m   c o n f i g   p r i n t   t o   p r i n t   t h e   d e f a u l t   s t a t i c   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   t h a t   k u b e a d m   u s e s   f o r   k u b e a d m   i n i t   a n d   k u b e a d m   j o i n .


Question: What is Note:?

Answer: F o r   m o r e   i n f o r m a t i o n   o n   i n i t   a n d   j o i n   n a v i g a t e   t o   U s i n g   k u b e a d m   i n i t   w i t h   a   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   f i l e   o r   U s i n g   k u b e a d m   j o i n   w i t h   a   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   f i l e .   F o r   m o r e   i n f o r m a t i o n   o n   u s i n g   t h e   k u b e a d m   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   A P I   n a v i g a t e   t o   C u s t o m i z i n g   c o m p o n e n t s   w i t h   t h e   k u b e a d m   A P I .   Y o u   c a n   u s e   k u b e a d m   c o n f i g   m i g r a t e   t o   c o n v e r t   y o u r   o l d   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   f i l e s   t h a t   c o n t a i n   a   d e p r e c a t e d   A P I   v e r s i o n   t o   a   n e w e r ,   s u p p o r t e d   A P I   v e r s i o n .   k u b e a d m   c o n f i g   v a l i d a t e   c a n   b e   u s e d   f o r   v a l i d a t i n g   a   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   f i l e .   k u b e a d m   c o n f i g   i m a g e s   l i s t   a n d   k u b e a d m   c o n f i g   i m a g e s   p u l l   c a n   b e   u s e d   t o   l i s t   a n d   p u l l   t h e   i m a g e s   t h a t   k u b e a d m   r e q u i r e s .


Question: What is kubeadm config print?

Answer: P r i n t   c o n f i g u r a t i o n


Question: What is Synopsis?

Answer: T h i s   c o m m a n d   p r i n t s   c o n f i g u r a t i o n s   f o r   s u b c o m m a n d s   p r o v i d e d .   F o r   d e t a i l s ,   s e e :   h t t p s : / / p k g . g o . d e v / k 8 s . i o / k u b e r n e t e s / c m d / k u b e a d m / a p p / a p i s / k u b e a d m # s e c t i o n - d i r e c t o r i e s   k u b e a d m   c o n f i g   p r i n t   [ f l a g s ]


Question: What is Options?

Answer: h e l p   f o r   p r i n t


Question: What is Options inherited from parent commands?

Answer: T h e   k u b e c o n f i g   f i l e   t o   u s e   w h e n   t a l k i n g   t o   t h e   c l u s t e r .   I f   t h e   f l a g   i s   n o t   s e t ,   a   s e t   o f   s t a n d a r d   l o c a t i o n s   c a n   b e   s e a r c h e d   f o r   a n   e x i s t i n g   k u b e c o n f i g   f i l e .   T h e   p a t h   t o   t h e   ' r e a l '   h o s t   r o o t   f i l e s y s t e m .   T h i s   w i l l   c a u s e   k u b e a d m   t o   c h r o o t   i n t o   t h e   p r o v i d e d   p a t h .


Question: What is kubeadm config print init-defaults?

Answer: P r i n t   d e f a u l t   i n i t   c o n f i g u r a t i o n ,   t h a t   c a n   b e   u s e d   f o r   ' k u b e a d m   i n i t '


Question: What is Synopsis?

Answer: T h i s   c o m m a n d   p r i n t s   o b j e c t s   s u c h   a s   t h e   d e f a u l t   i n i t   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   t h a t   i s   u s e d   f o r   ' k u b e a d m   i n i t ' .   N o t e   t h a t   s e n s i t i v e   v a l u e s   l i k e   t h e   B o o t s t r a p   T o k e n   f i e l d s   a r e   r e p l a c e d   w i t h   p l a c e h o l d e r   v a l u e s   l i k e   " a b c d e f . 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f "   i n   o r d e r   t o   p a s s   v a l i d a t i o n   b u t   n o t   p e r f o r m   t h e   r e a l   c o m p u t a t i o n   f o r   c r e a t i n g   a   t o k e n .   k u b e a d m   c o n f i g   p r i n t   i n i t - d e f a u l t s   [ f l a g s ]


Question: What is Options?

Answer: A   c o m m a - s e p a r a t e d   l i s t   f o r   c o m p o n e n t   c o n f i g   A P I   o b j e c t s   t o   p r i n t   t h e   d e f a u l t   v a l u e s   f o r .   A v a i l a b l e   v a l u e s :   [ K u b e P r o x y C o n f i g u r a t i o n   K u b e l e t C o n f i g u r a t i o n ] .   I f   t h i s   f l a g   i s   n o t   s e t ,   n o   c o m p o n e n t   c o n f i g s   w i l l   b e   p r i n t e d .   h e l p   f o r   i n i t - d e f a u l t s


Question: What is Options inherited from parent commands?

Answer: T h e   k u b e c o n f i g   f i l e   t o   u s e   w h e n   t a l k i n g   t o   t h e   c l u s t e r .   I f   t h e   f l a g   i s   n o t   s e t ,   a   s e t   o f   s t a n d a r d   l o c a t i o n s   c a n   b e   s e a r c h e d   f o r   a n   e x i s t i n g   k u b e c o n f i g   f i l e .   T h e   p a t h   t o   t h e   ' r e a l '   h o s t   r o o t   f i l e s y s t e m .   T h i s   w i l l   c a u s e   k u b e a d m   t o   c h r o o t   i n t o   t h e   p r o v i d e d   p a t h .


Question: What is kubeadm config print join-defaults?

Answer: P r i n t   d e f a u l t   j o i n   c o n f i g u r a t i o n ,   t h a t   c a n   b e   u s e d   f o r   ' k u b e a d m   j o i n '


Question: What is Synopsis?

Answer: T h i s   c o m m a n d   p r i n t s   o b j e c t s   s u c h   a s   t h e   d e f a u l t   j o i n   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   t h a t   i s   u s e d   f o r   ' k u b e a d m   j o i n ' .   N o t e   t h a t   s e n s i t i v e   v a l u e s   l i k e   t h e   B o o t s t r a p   T o k e n   f i e l d s   a r e   r e p l a c e d   w i t h   p l a c e h o l d e r   v a l u e s   l i k e   " a b c d e f . 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f "   i n   o r d e r   t o   p a s s   v a l i d a t i o n   b u t   n o t   p e r f o r m   t h e   r e a l   c o m p u t a t i o n   f o r   c r e a t i n g   a   t o k e n .   k u b e a d m   c o n f i g   p r i n t   j o i n - d e f a u l t s   [ f l a g s ]


Question: What is Options?

Answer: h e l p   f o r   j o i n - d e f a u l t s


Question: What is Options inherited from parent commands?

Answer: T h e   k u b e c o n f i g   f i l e   t o   u s e   w h e n   t a l k i n g   t o   t h e   c l u s t e r .   I f   t h e   f l a g   i s   n o t   s e t ,   a   s e t   o f   s t a n d a r d   l o c a t i o n s   c a n   b e   s e a r c h e d   f o r   a n   e x i s t i n g   k u b e c o n f i g   f i l e .   T h e   p a t h   t o   t h e   ' r e a l '   h o s t   r o o t   f i l e s y s t e m .   T h i s   w i l l   c a u s e   k u b e a d m   t o   c h r o o t   i n t o   t h e   p r o v i d e d   p a t h .


Question: What is kubeadm config migrate?

Answer: R e a d   a n   o l d e r   v e r s i o n   o f   t h e   k u b e a d m   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   A P I   t y p e s   f r o m   a   f i l e ,   a n d   o u t p u t   t h e   s i m i l a r   c o n f i g   o b j e c t   f o r   t h e   n e w e r   v e r s i o n


Question: What is Synopsis?

Answer: T h i s   c o m m a n d   l e t s   y o u   c o n v e r t   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   o b j e c t s   o f   o l d e r   v e r s i o n s   t o   t h e   l a t e s t   s u p p o r t e d   v e r s i o n ,   l o c a l l y   i n   t h e   C L I   t o o l   w i t h o u t   e v e r   t o u c h i n g   a n y t h i n g   i n   t h e   c l u s t e r .   I n   t h i s   v e r s i o n   o f   k u b e a d m ,   t h e   f o l l o w i n g   A P I   v e r s i o n s   a r e   s u p p o r t e d :   k u b e a d m . k 8 s . i o / v 1 b e t a 4   F u r t h e r ,   k u b e a d m   c a n   o n l y   w r i t e   o u t   c o n f i g   o f   v e r s i o n   " k u b e a d m . k 8 s . i o / v 1 b e t a 4 " ,   b u t   r e a d   b o t h   t y p e s .   S o   r e g a r d l e s s   o f   w h a t   v e r s i o n   y o u   p a s s   t o   t h e   - - o l d - c o n f i g   p a r a m e t e r   h e r e ,   t h e   A P I   o b j e c t   w i l l   b e   r e a d ,   d e s e r i a l i z e d ,   d e f a u l t e d ,   c o n v e r t e d ,   v a l i d a t e d ,   a n d   r e - s e r i a l i z e d   w h e n   w r i t t e n   t o   s t d o u t   o r   - - n e w - c o n f i g   i f   s p e c i f i e d .   I n   o t h e r   w o r d s ,   t h e   o u t p u t   o f   t h i s   c o m m a n d   i s   w h a t   k u b e a d m   a c t u a l l y   w o u l d   r e a d   i n t e r n a l l y   i f   y o u   s u b m i t t e d   t h i s   f i l e   t o   " k u b e a d m   i n i t "   k u b e a d m   c o n f i g   m i g r a t e   [ f l a g s ]


Question: What is Options?

Answer: A l l o w   m i g r a t i o n   t o   e x p e r i m e n t a l ,   u n r e l e a s e d   A P I s .   h e l p   f o r   m i g r a t e   P a t h   t o   t h e   r e s u l t i n g   e q u i v a l e n t   k u b e a d m   c o n f i g   f i l e   u s i n g   t h e   n e w   A P I   v e r s i o n .   O p t i o n a l ,   i f   n o t   s p e c i f i e d   o u t p u t   w i l l   b e   s e n t   t o   S T D O U T .   P a t h   t o   t h e   k u b e a d m   c o n f i g   f i l e   t h a t   i s   u s i n g   a n   o l d   A P I   v e r s i o n   a n d   s h o u l d   b e   c o n v e r t e d .   T h i s   f l a g   i s   m a n d a t o r y .


Question: What is Options inherited from parent commands?

Answer: T h e   k u b e c o n f i g   f i l e   t o   u s e   w h e n   t a l k i n g   t o   t h e   c l u s t e r .   I f   t h e   f l a g   i s   n o t   s e t ,   a   s e t   o f   s t a n d a r d   l o c a t i o n s   c a n   b e   s e a r c h e d   f o r   a n   e x i s t i n g   k u b e c o n f i g   f i l e .   T h e   p a t h   t o   t h e   ' r e a l '   h o s t   r o o t   f i l e s y s t e m .   T h i s   w i l l   c a u s e   k u b e a d m   t o   c h r o o t   i n t o   t h e   p r o v i d e d   p a t h .


Question: What is kubeadm config validate?

Answer: R e a d   a   f i l e   c o n t a i n i n g   t h e   k u b e a d m   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   A P I   a n d   r e p o r t   a n y   v a l i d a t i o n   p r o b l e m s


Question: What is Synopsis?

Answer: T h i s   c o m m a n d   l e t s   y o u   v a l i d a t e   a   k u b e a d m   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   A P I   f i l e   a n d   r e p o r t   a n y   w a r n i n g s   a n d   e r r o r s .   I f   t h e r e   a r e   n o   e r r o r s   t h e   e x i t   s t a t u s   w i l l   b e   z e r o ,   o t h e r w i s e   i t   w i l l   b e   n o n - z e r o .   A n y   u n m a r s h a l i n g   p r o b l e m s   s u c h   a s   u n k n o w n   A P I   f i e l d s   w i l l   t r i g g e r   e r r o r s .   U n k n o w n   A P I   v e r s i o n s   a n d   f i e l d s   w i t h   i n v a l i d   v a l u e s   w i l l   a l s o   t r i g g e r   e r r o r s .   A n y   o t h e r   e r r o r s   o r   w a r n i n g s   m a y   b e   r e p o r t e d   d e p e n d i n g   o n   c o n t e n t s   o f   t h e   i n p u t   f i l e .   I n   t h i s   v e r s i o n   o f   k u b e a d m ,   t h e   f o l l o w i n g   A P I   v e r s i o n s   a r e   s u p p o r t e d :   k u b e a d m . k 8 s . i o / v 1 b e t a 4   k u b e a d m   c o n f i g   v a l i d a t e   [ f l a g s ]


Question: What is Options?

Answer: A l l o w   v a l i d a t i o n   o f   e x p e r i m e n t a l ,   u n r e l e a s e d   A P I s .   P a t h   t o   a   k u b e a d m   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   f i l e .   h e l p   f o r   v a l i d a t e


Question: What is Options inherited from parent commands?

Answer: T h e   k u b e c o n f i g   f i l e   t o   u s e   w h e n   t a l k i n g   t o   t h e   c l u s t e r .   I f   t h e   f l a g   i s   n o t   s e t ,   a   s e t   o f   s t a n d a r d   l o c a t i o n s   c a n   b e   s e a r c h e d   f o r   a n   e x i s t i n g   k u b e c o n f i g   f i l e .   T h e   p a t h   t o   t h e   ' r e a l '   h o s t   r o o t   f i l e s y s t e m .   T h i s   w i l l   c a u s e   k u b e a d m   t o   c h r o o t   i n t o   t h e   p r o v i d e d   p a t h .


Question: What is Synopsis?

Answer: P r i n t   a   l i s t   o f   i m a g e s   k u b e a d m   w i l l   u s e .   T h e   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   f i l e   i s   u s e d   i n   c a s e   a n y   i m a g e s   o r   i m a g e   r e p o s i t o r i e s   a r e   c u s t o m i z e d   k u b e a d m   c o n f i g   i m a g e s   l i s t   [ f l a g s ]


Question: What is Options?

Answer: I f   t r u e ,   i g n o r e   a n y   e r r o r s   i n   t e m p l a t e s   w h e n   a   f i e l d   o r   m a p   k e y   i s   m i s s i n g   i n   t h e   t e m p l a t e .   O n l y   a p p l i e s   t o   g o l a n g   a n d   j s o n p a t h   o u t p u t   f o r m a t s .   P a t h   t o   a   k u b e a d m   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   f i l e .   A   s e t   o f   k e y = v a l u e   p a i r s   t h a t   d e s c r i b e   f e a t u r e   g a t e s   f o r   v a r i o u s   f e a t u r e s .   O p t i o n s   a r e : C o n t r o l P l a n e K u b e l e t L o c a l M o d e = t r u e | f a l s e   ( B E T A   -   d e f a u l t = t r u e ) N o d e L o c a l C R I S o c k e t = t r u e | f a l s e   ( B E T A   -   d e f a u l t = t r u e ) P u b l i c K e y s E C D S A = t r u e | f a l s e   ( D E P R E C A T E D   -   d e f a u l t = f a l s e ) R o o t l e s s C o n t r o l P l a n e = t r u e | f a l s e   ( A L P H A   -   d e f a u l t = f a l s e ) W a i t F o r A l l C o n t r o l P l a n e C o m p o n e n t s = t r u e | f a l s e   ( d e f a u l t = t r u e )   h e l p   f o r   l i s t   C h o o s e   a   c o n t a i n e r   r e g i s t r y   t o   p u l l   c o n t r o l   p l a n e   i m a g e s   f r o m   C h o o s e   a   s p e c i f i c   K u b e r n e t e s   v e r s i o n   f o r   t h e   c o n t r o l   p l a n e .   O u t p u t   f o r m a t .   O n e   o f :   t e x t | j s o n | y a m l | g o - t e m p l a t e | g o - t e m p l a t e - f i l e | t e m p l a t e | t e m p l a t e f i l e | j s o n p a t h | j s o n p a t h - a s - j s o n | j s o n p a t h - f i l e .   I f   t r u e ,   k e e p   t h e   m a n a g e d F i e l d s   w h e n   p r i n t i n g   o b j e c t s   i n   J S O N   o r   Y A M L   f o r m a t .


Question: What is Options inherited from parent commands?

Answer: T h e   k u b e c o n f i g   f i l e   t o   u s e   w h e n   t a l k i n g   t o   t h e   c l u s t e r .   I f   t h e   f l a g   i s   n o t   s e t ,   a   s e t   o f   s t a n d a r d   l o c a t i o n s   c a n   b e   s e a r c h e d   f o r   a n   e x i s t i n g   k u b e c o n f i g   f i l e .   T h e   p a t h   t o   t h e   ' r e a l '   h o s t   r o o t   f i l e s y s t e m .   T h i s   w i l l   c a u s e   k u b e a d m   t o   c h r o o t   i n t o   t h e   p r o v i d e d   p a t h .


Question: What is Synopsis?

Answer: P u l l   i m a g e s   u s e d   b y   k u b e a d m   k u b e a d m   c o n f i g   i m a g e s   p u l l   [ f l a g s ]


Question: What is Options?

Answer: P a t h   t o   a   k u b e a d m   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   f i l e .   P a t h   t o   t h e   C R I   s o c k e t   t o   c o n n e c t .   I f   e m p t y   k u b e a d m   w i l l   t r y   t o   a u t o - d e t e c t   t h i s   v a l u e ;   u s e   t h i s   o p t i o n   o n l y   i f   y o u   h a v e   m o r e   t h a n   o n e   C R I   i n s t a l l e d   o r   i f   y o u   h a v e   n o n - s t a n d a r d   C R I   s o c k e t .   A   s e t   o f   k e y = v a l u e   p a i r s   t h a t   d e s c r i b e   f e a t u r e   g a t e s   f o r   v a r i o u s   f e a t u r e s .   O p t i o n s   a r e : C o n t r o l P l a n e K u b e l e t L o c a l M o d e = t r u e | f a l s e   ( B E T A   -   d e f a u l t = t r u e ) N o d e L o c a l C R I S o c k e t = t r u e | f a l s e   ( B E T A   -   d e f a u l t = t r u e ) P u b l i c K e y s E C D S A = t r u e | f a l s e   ( D E P R E C A T E D   -   d e f a u l t = f a l s e ) R o o t l e s s C o n t r o l P l a n e = t r u e | f a l s e   ( A L P H A   -   d e f a u l t = f a l s e ) W a i t F o r A l l C o n t r o l P l a n e C o m p o n e n t s = t r u e | f a l s e   ( d e f a u l t = t r u e )   h e l p   f o r   p u l l   C h o o s e   a   c o n t a i n e r   r e g i s t r y   t o   p u l l   c o n t r o l   p l a n e   i m a g e s   f r o m   C h o o s e   a   s p e c i f i c   K u b e r n e t e s   v e r s i o n   f o r   t h e   c o n t r o l   p l a n e .


Question: What is Options inherited from parent commands?

Answer: T h e   k u b e c o n f i g   f i l e   t o   u s e   w h e n   t a l k i n g   t o   t h e   c l u s t e r .   I f   t h e   f l a g   i s   n o t   s e t ,   a   s e t   o f   s t a n d a r d   l o c a t i o n s   c a n   b e   s e a r c h e d   f o r   a n   e x i s t i n g   k u b e c o n f i g   f i l e .   T h e   p a t h   t o   t h e   ' r e a l '   h o s t   r o o t   f i l e s y s t e m .   T h i s   w i l l   c a u s e   k u b e a d m   t o   c h r o o t   i n t o   t h e   p r o v i d e d   p a t h .


Question: What is What's next?

Answer: k u b e a d m   u p g r a d e   t o   u p g r a d e   a   K u b e r n e t e s   c l u s t e r   t o   a   n e w e r   v e r s i o n


Question: What is Kubeadm?

Answer: KubeadmKubeadm is a tool built to provide kubeadm init and kubeadm join as best-practice "fast paths" for creating Kubernetes clusters.kubeadm performs the actions necessary to get a minimum viable cluster up and running. By design, it cares only about bootstrapping, not about provisioning machines. Likewise, installing various nice-to-have addons, like the Kubernetes Dashboard, monitoring solutions, and cloud-specific addons, is not in scope.Instead, we expect higher-level and more tailored tooling to be built on top of kubeadm, and ideally, using kubeadm as the basis of all deployments will make it easier to create conformant clusters.How to installTo install kubeadm, see the installation guide.What's nextkubeadm init to bootstrap a Kubernetes control-plane nodekubeadm join to bootstrap a Kubernetes worker node and join it to the clusterkubeadm upgrade to upgrade a Kubernetes cluster to a newer versionkubeadm config if you initialized your cluster using kubeadm v1.7.x or lower, to configure your cluster for kubeadm upgradekubeadm token to manage tokens for kubeadm joinkubeadm reset to revert any changes made to this host by kubeadm init or kubeadm joinkubeadm certs to manage Kubernetes certificateskubeadm kubeconfig to manage kubeconfig fileskubeadm version to print the kubeadm versionkubeadm alpha to preview a set of features made available for gathering


Question: How does Kubeadm work?

Answer: KubeadmKubeadm is a tool built to provide kubeadm init and kubeadm join as best-practice "fast paths" for creating Kubernetes clusters.kubeadm performs the actions necessary to get a minimum viable cluster up and running. By design, it cares only about bootstrapping, not about provisioning machines. Likewise, installing various nice-to-have addons, like the Kubernetes Dashboard, monitoring solutions, and cloud-specific addons, is not in scope.Instead, we expect higher-level and more tailored tooling to be built on top of kubeadm, and ideally, using kubeadm as the basis of all deployments will make it easier to create conformant clusters.How to installTo install kubeadm, see the installation guide.What's nextkubeadm init to bootstrap a Kubernetes control-plane nodekubeadm join to bootstrap a Kubernetes worker node and join it to the clusterkubeadm upgrade to upgrade a Kubernetes cluster to a newer versionkubeadm config if you initialized your cluster using kubeadm v1.7.x or lower, to configure your cluster for kubeadm upgradekubeadm token to manage tokens for kubeadm joinkubeadm reset to revert any changes made to this host by kubeadm init or kubeadm joinkubeadm certs to manage Kubernetes certificateskubeadm kubeconfig to manage kubeconfig fileskubeadm version to print the kubeadm versionkubeadm alpha to preview a set of features made available for gathering


Question: When would you use Kubeadm?

Answer: KubeadmKubeadm is a tool built to provide kubeadm init and kubeadm join as best-practice "fast paths" for creating Kubernetes clusters.kubeadm performs the actions necessary to get a minimum viable cluster up and running. By design, it cares only about bootstrapping, not about provisioning machines. Likewise, installing various nice-to-have addons, like the Kubernetes Dashboard, monitoring solutions, and cloud-specific addons, is not in scope.Instead, we expect higher-level and more tailored tooling to be built on top of kubeadm, and ideally, using kubeadm as the basis of all deployments will make it easier to create conformant clusters.How to installTo install kubeadm, see the installation guide.What's nextkubeadm init to bootstrap a Kubernetes control-plane nodekubeadm join to bootstrap a Kubernetes worker node and join it to the clusterkubeadm upgrade to upgrade a Kubernetes cluster to a newer versionkubeadm config if you initialized your cluster using kubeadm v1.7.x or lower, to configure your cluster for kubeadm upgradekubeadm token to manage tokens for kubeadm joinkubeadm reset to revert any changes made to this host by kubeadm init or kubeadm joinkubeadm certs to manage Kubernetes certificateskubeadm kubeconfig to manage kubeconfig fileskubeadm version to print the kubeadm versionkubeadm alpha to preview a set of features made available for gathering


Question: What are the benefits of Kubeadm?

Answer: KubeadmKubeadm is a tool built to provide kubeadm init and kubeadm join as best-practice "fast paths" for creating Kubernetes clusters.kubeadm performs the actions necessary to get a minimum viable cluster up and running. By design, it cares only about bootstrapping, not about provisioning machines. Likewise, installing various nice-to-have addons, like the Kubernetes Dashboard, monitoring solutions, and cloud-specific addons, is not in scope.Instead, we expect higher-level and more tailored tooling to be built on top of kubeadm, and ideally, using kubeadm as the basis of all deployments will make it easier to create conformant clusters.How to installTo install kubeadm, see the installation guide.What's nextkubeadm init to bootstrap a Kubernetes control-plane nodekubeadm join to bootstrap a Kubernetes worker node and join it to the clusterkubeadm upgrade to upgrade a Kubernetes cluster to a newer versionkubeadm config if you initialized your cluster using kubeadm v1.7.x or lower, to configure your cluster for kubeadm upgradekubeadm token to manage tokens for kubeadm joinkubeadm reset to revert any changes made to this host by kubeadm init or kubeadm joinkubeadm certs to manage Kubernetes certificateskubeadm kubeconfig to manage kubeconfig fileskubeadm version to print the kubeadm versionkubeadm alpha to preview a set of features made available for gathering


Question: What is Kubeadm?

Answer: K u b e a d m   i s   a   t o o l   b u i l t   t o   p r o v i d e   k u b e a d m   i n i t   a n d   k u b e a d m   j o i n   a s   b e s t - p r a c t i c e   " f a s t   p a t h s "   f o r   c r e a t i n g   K u b e r n e t e s   c l u s t e r s .   k u b e a d m   p e r f o r m s   t h e   a c t i o n s   n e c e s s a r y   t o   g e t   a   m i n i m u m   v i a b l e   c l u s t e r   u p   a n d   r u n n i n g .   B y   d e s i g n ,   i t   c a r e s   o n l y   a b o u t   b o o t s t r a p p i n g ,   n o t   a b o u t   p r o v i s i o n i n g   m a c h i n e s .   L i k e w i s e ,   i n s t a l l i n g   v a r i o u s   n i c e - t o - h a v e   a d d o n s ,   l i k e   t h e   K u b e r n e t e s   D a s h b o a r d ,   m o n i t o r i n g   s o l u t i o n s ,   a n d   c l o u d - s p e c i f i c   a d d o n s ,   i s   n o t   i n   s c o p e .   I n s t e a d ,   w e   e x p e c t   h i g h e r - l e v e l   a n d   m o r e   t a i l o r e d   t o o l i n g   t o   b e   b u i l t   o n   t o p   o f   k u b e a d m ,   a n d   i d e a l l y ,   u s i n g   k u b e a d m   a s   t h e   b a s i s   o f   a l l   d e p l o y m e n t s   w i l l   m a k e   i t   e a s i e r   t o   c r e a t e   c o n f o r m a n t   c l u s t e r s .


Question: What is How to install?

Answer: T o   i n s t a l l   k u b e a d m ,   s e e   t h e   i n s t a l l a t i o n   g u i d e .


Question: What is What's next?

Answer: k u b e a d m   i n i t   t o   b o o t s t r a p   a   K u b e r n e t e s   c o n t r o l - p l a n e   n o d e k u b e a d m   j o i n   t o   b o o t s t r a p   a   K u b e r n e t e s   w o r k e r   n o d e   a n d   j o i n   i t   t o   t h e   c l u s t e r k u b e a d m   u p g r a d e   t o   u p g r a d e   a   K u b e r n e t e s   c l u s t e r   t o   a   n e w e r   v e r s i o n k u b e a d m   c o n f i g   i f   y o u   i n i t i a l i z e d   y o u r   c l u s t e r   u s i n g   k u b e a d m   v 1 . 7 . x   o r   l o w e r ,   t o   c o n f i g u r e   y o u r   c l u s t e r   f o r   k u b e a d m   u p g r a d e k u b e a d m   t o k e n   t o   m a n a g e   t o k e n s   f o r   k u b e a d m   j o i n k u b e a d m   r e s e t   t o   r e v e r t   a n y   c h a n g e s   m a d e   t o   t h i s   h o s t   b y   k u b e a d m   i n i t   o r   k u b e a d m   j o i n k u b e a d m   c e r t s   t o   m a n a g e   K u b e r n e t e s   c e r t i f i c a t e s k u b e a d m   k u b e c o n f i g   t o   m a n a g e   k u b e c o n f i g   f i l e s k u b e a d m   v e r s i o n   t o   p r i n t   t h e   k u b e a d m   v e r s i o n k u b e a d m   a l p h a   t o   p r e v i e w   a   s e t   o f   f e a t u r e s   m a d e   a v a i l a b l e   f o r   g a t h e r i n g


Question: What is Implementation details?

Answer: Implementation detailsFEATURE STATE: Kubernetes v1.10 [stable]kubeadm init and kubeadm join together provide a nice user experience for creating a bare Kubernetes cluster from scratch, that aligns with the best-practices. However, it might not be obvious how kubeadm does that.This document provides additional details on what happens under the hood, with the aim of sharing knowledge on the best practices for a Kubernetes cluster.Core design principlesThe cluster that kubeadm init and kubeadm join set up should be:Secure: It should adopt latest best-practices like:enforcing RBACusing the Node Authorizerusing secure communication between the control plane componentsusing secure communication between the API server and the kubeletslock-down the kubelet APIlocking down access to the API for system components like the kube-proxy and CoreDNSlocking down what a Bootstrap Token can accessUser-friendly: The user should not have to run anything more than a couple of commands:kubeadm initexport KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.confkubectl apply -f <network-plugin-of-choice.yaml>kubeadm join --token <token> <endpoint>:<port>Extendable:It should not favor any particular network provider. Configuring the cluster network is out-of-scopeIt should provide the possibility to use a config file for customizing various parametersConstants and well-known values and pathsIn order to reduce complexity and to simplify development of higher level tools that build on top of kubeadm, it uses a limited set of constant values for well-known paths and file names.The Kubernetes directory /etc/kubernetes is a constant in the application, since it is clearly the given path in a majority of cases, and the most intuitive location; other constant paths and file names are:/etc/kubernetes/manifests as the path where the kubelet should look for static Pod manifests. Names of static Pod manifests are:etcd.yamlkube-apiserver.yamlkube-controller-manager.yamlkube-scheduler.yaml/etc/kubernetes/ as the path where kubeconfig files with identities for control plane components are stored. Names of kubeconfig files are:kubelet.conf (bootstrap-kubelet.conf during TLS bootstrap)controller-manager.confscheduler.confadmin.conf for the cluster admin and kubeadm itselfsuper-admin.conf for the cluster super-admin that can bypass RBACNames of certificates and key files:ca.crt, ca.key for the Kubernetes certificate authorityapiserver.crt, apiserver.key for the API server certificateapiserver-kubelet-client.crt, apiserver-kubelet-client.key for the client certificate used by the API server to connect to the kubelets securelysa.pub, sa.key for the key used by the controller manager when signing ServiceAccountfront-proxy-ca.crt, front-proxy-ca.key for the front proxy certificate authorityfront-proxy-client.crt, front-proxy-client.key for the front proxy clientThe kubeadm configuration file formatMost kubeadm commands support a --config flag which allows passing a configuration file from disk. The configurati


Question: How does Implementation details work?

Answer: Implementation detailsFEATURE STATE: Kubernetes v1.10 [stable]kubeadm init and kubeadm join together provide a nice user experience for creating a bare Kubernetes cluster from scratch, that aligns with the best-practices. However, it might not be obvious how kubeadm does that.This document provides additional details on what happens under the hood, with the aim of sharing knowledge on the best practices for a Kubernetes cluster.Core design principlesThe cluster that kubeadm init and kubeadm join set up should be:Secure: It should adopt latest best-practices like:enforcing RBACusing the Node Authorizerusing secure communication between the control plane componentsusing secure communication between the API server and the kubeletslock-down the kubelet APIlocking down access to the API for system components like the kube-proxy and CoreDNSlocking down what a Bootstrap Token can accessUser-friendly: The user should not have to run anything more than a couple of commands:kubeadm initexport KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.confkubectl apply -f <network-plugin-of-choice.yaml>kubeadm join --token <token> <endpoint>:<port>Extendable:It should not favor any particular network provider. Configuring the cluster network is out-of-scopeIt should provide the possibility to use a config file for customizing various parametersConstants and well-known values and pathsIn order to reduce complexity and to simplify development of higher level tools that build on top of kubeadm, it uses a limited set of constant values for well-known paths and file names.The Kubernetes directory /etc/kubernetes is a constant in the application, since it is clearly the given path in a majority of cases, and the most intuitive location; other constant paths and file names are:/etc/kubernetes/manifests as the path where the kubelet should look for static Pod manifests. Names of static Pod manifests are:etcd.yamlkube-apiserver.yamlkube-controller-manager.yamlkube-scheduler.yaml/etc/kubernetes/ as the path where kubeconfig files with identities for control plane components are stored. Names of kubeconfig files are:kubelet.conf (bootstrap-kubelet.conf during TLS bootstrap)controller-manager.confscheduler.confadmin.conf for the cluster admin and kubeadm itselfsuper-admin.conf for the cluster super-admin that can bypass RBACNames of certificates and key files:ca.crt, ca.key for the Kubernetes certificate authorityapiserver.crt, apiserver.key for the API server certificateapiserver-kubelet-client.crt, apiserver-kubelet-client.key for the client certificate used by the API server to connect to the kubelets securelysa.pub, sa.key for the key used by the controller manager when signing ServiceAccountfront-proxy-ca.crt, front-proxy-ca.key for the front proxy certificate authorityfront-proxy-client.crt, front-proxy-client.key for the front proxy clientThe kubeadm configuration file formatMost kubeadm commands support a --config flag which allows passing a configuration file from disk. The configurati


Question: When would you use Implementation details?

Answer: Implementation detailsFEATURE STATE: Kubernetes v1.10 [stable]kubeadm init and kubeadm join together provide a nice user experience for creating a bare Kubernetes cluster from scratch, that aligns with the best-practices. However, it might not be obvious how kubeadm does that.This document provides additional details on what happens under the hood, with the aim of sharing knowledge on the best practices for a Kubernetes cluster.Core design principlesThe cluster that kubeadm init and kubeadm join set up should be:Secure: It should adopt latest best-practices like:enforcing RBACusing the Node Authorizerusing secure communication between the control plane componentsusing secure communication between the API server and the kubeletslock-down the kubelet APIlocking down access to the API for system components like the kube-proxy and CoreDNSlocking down what a Bootstrap Token can accessUser-friendly: The user should not have to run anything more than a couple of commands:kubeadm initexport KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.confkubectl apply -f <network-plugin-of-choice.yaml>kubeadm join --token <token> <endpoint>:<port>Extendable:It should not favor any particular network provider. Configuring the cluster network is out-of-scopeIt should provide the possibility to use a config file for customizing various parametersConstants and well-known values and pathsIn order to reduce complexity and to simplify development of higher level tools that build on top of kubeadm, it uses a limited set of constant values for well-known paths and file names.The Kubernetes directory /etc/kubernetes is a constant in the application, since it is clearly the given path in a majority of cases, and the most intuitive location; other constant paths and file names are:/etc/kubernetes/manifests as the path where the kubelet should look for static Pod manifests. Names of static Pod manifests are:etcd.yamlkube-apiserver.yamlkube-controller-manager.yamlkube-scheduler.yaml/etc/kubernetes/ as the path where kubeconfig files with identities for control plane components are stored. Names of kubeconfig files are:kubelet.conf (bootstrap-kubelet.conf during TLS bootstrap)controller-manager.confscheduler.confadmin.conf for the cluster admin and kubeadm itselfsuper-admin.conf for the cluster super-admin that can bypass RBACNames of certificates and key files:ca.crt, ca.key for the Kubernetes certificate authorityapiserver.crt, apiserver.key for the API server certificateapiserver-kubelet-client.crt, apiserver-kubelet-client.key for the client certificate used by the API server to connect to the kubelets securelysa.pub, sa.key for the key used by the controller manager when signing ServiceAccountfront-proxy-ca.crt, front-proxy-ca.key for the front proxy certificate authorityfront-proxy-client.crt, front-proxy-client.key for the front proxy clientThe kubeadm configuration file formatMost kubeadm commands support a --config flag which allows passing a configuration file from disk. The configurati


Question: What are the benefits of Implementation details?

Answer: Implementation detailsFEATURE STATE: Kubernetes v1.10 [stable]kubeadm init and kubeadm join together provide a nice user experience for creating a bare Kubernetes cluster from scratch, that aligns with the best-practices. However, it might not be obvious how kubeadm does that.This document provides additional details on what happens under the hood, with the aim of sharing knowledge on the best practices for a Kubernetes cluster.Core design principlesThe cluster that kubeadm init and kubeadm join set up should be:Secure: It should adopt latest best-practices like:enforcing RBACusing the Node Authorizerusing secure communication between the control plane componentsusing secure communication between the API server and the kubeletslock-down the kubelet APIlocking down access to the API for system components like the kube-proxy and CoreDNSlocking down what a Bootstrap Token can accessUser-friendly: The user should not have to run anything more than a couple of commands:kubeadm initexport KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.confkubectl apply -f <network-plugin-of-choice.yaml>kubeadm join --token <token> <endpoint>:<port>Extendable:It should not favor any particular network provider. Configuring the cluster network is out-of-scopeIt should provide the possibility to use a config file for customizing various parametersConstants and well-known values and pathsIn order to reduce complexity and to simplify development of higher level tools that build on top of kubeadm, it uses a limited set of constant values for well-known paths and file names.The Kubernetes directory /etc/kubernetes is a constant in the application, since it is clearly the given path in a majority of cases, and the most intuitive location; other constant paths and file names are:/etc/kubernetes/manifests as the path where the kubelet should look for static Pod manifests. Names of static Pod manifests are:etcd.yamlkube-apiserver.yamlkube-controller-manager.yamlkube-scheduler.yaml/etc/kubernetes/ as the path where kubeconfig files with identities for control plane components are stored. Names of kubeconfig files are:kubelet.conf (bootstrap-kubelet.conf during TLS bootstrap)controller-manager.confscheduler.confadmin.conf for the cluster admin and kubeadm itselfsuper-admin.conf for the cluster super-admin that can bypass RBACNames of certificates and key files:ca.crt, ca.key for the Kubernetes certificate authorityapiserver.crt, apiserver.key for the API server certificateapiserver-kubelet-client.crt, apiserver-kubelet-client.key for the client certificate used by the API server to connect to the kubelets securelysa.pub, sa.key for the key used by the controller manager when signing ServiceAccountfront-proxy-ca.crt, front-proxy-ca.key for the front proxy certificate authorityfront-proxy-client.crt, front-proxy-client.key for the front proxy clientThe kubeadm configuration file formatMost kubeadm commands support a --config flag which allows passing a configuration file from disk. The configurati


Question: What is Implementation details?

Answer: k u b e a d m   i n i t   a n d   k u b e a d m   j o i n   t o g e t h e r   p r o v i d e   a   n i c e   u s e r   e x p e r i e n c e   f o r   c r e a t i n g   a   b a r e   K u b e r n e t e s   c l u s t e r   f r o m   s c r a t c h ,   t h a t   a l i g n s   w i t h   t h e   b e s t - p r a c t i c e s .   H o w e v e r ,   i t   m i g h t   n o t   b e   o b v i o u s   h o w   k u b e a d m   d o e s   t h a t .   T h i s   d o c u m e n t   p r o v i d e s   a d d i t i o n a l   d e t a i l s   o n   w h a t   h a p p e n s   u n d e r   t h e   h o o d ,   w i t h   t h e   a i m   o f   s h a r i n g   k n o w l e d g e   o n   t h e   b e s t   p r a c t i c e s   f o r   a   K u b e r n e t e s   c l u s t e r .


Question: What is Core design principles?

Answer: T h e   c l u s t e r   t h a t   k u b e a d m   i n i t   a n d   k u b e a d m   j o i n   s e t   u p   s h o u l d   b e :   S e c u r e :   I t   s h o u l d   a d o p t   l a t e s t   b e s t - p r a c t i c e s   l i k e : e n f o r c i n g   R B A C u s i n g   t h e   N o d e   A u t h o r i z e r u s i n g   s e c u r e   c o m m u n i c a t i o n   b e t w e e n   t h e   c o n t r o l   p l a n e   c o m p o n e n t s u s i n g   s e c u r e   c o m m u n i c a t i o n   b e t w e e n   t h e   A P I   s e r v e r   a n d   t h e   k u b e l e t s l o c k - d o w n   t h e   k u b e l e t   A P I l o c k i n g   d o w n   a c c e s s   t o   t h e   A P I   f o r   s y s t e m   c o m p o n e n t s   l i k e   t h e   k u b e - p r o x y   a n d   C o r e D N S l o c k i n g   d o w n   w h a t   a   B o o t s t r a p   T o k e n   c a n   a c c e s s U s e r - f r i e n d l y :   T h e   u s e r   s h o u l d   n o t   h a v e   t o   r u n   a n y t h i n g   m o r e   t h a n   a   c o u p l e   o f   c o m m a n d s : k u b e a d m   i n i t e x p o r t   K U B E C O N F I G = / e t c / k u b e r n e t e s / a d m i n . c o n f k u b e c t l   a p p l y   - f   < n e t w o r k - p l u g i n - o f - c h o i c e . y a m l > k u b e a d m   j o i n   - - t o k e n   < t o k e n >   < e n d p o i n t > : < p o r t > E x t e n d a b l e : I t   s h o u l d   n o t   f a v o r   a n y   p a r t i c u l a r   n e t w o r k   p r o v i d e r .   C o n f i g u r i n g   t h e   c l u s t e r   n e t w o r k   i s   o u t - o f - s c o p e I t   s h o u l d   p r o v i d e   t h e   p o s s i b i l i t y   t o   u s e   a   c o n f i g   f i l e   f o r   c u s t o m i z i n g   v a r i o u s   p a r a m e t e r s   e n f o r c i n g   R B A C u s i n g   t h e   N o d e   A u t h o r i z e r u s i n g   s e c u r e   c o m m u n i c a t i o n   b e t w e e n   t h e   c o n t r o l   p l a n e   c o m p o n e n t s u s i n g   s e c u r e   c o m m u n i c


Question: What is Constants and well-known values and paths?

Answer: I n   o r d e r   t o   r e d u c e   c o m p l e x i t y   a n d   t o   s i m p l i f y   d e v e l o p m e n t   o f   h i g h e r   l e v e l   t o o l s   t h a t   b u i l d   o n   t o p   o f   k u b e a d m ,   i t   u s e s   a   l i m i t e d   s e t   o f   c o n s t a n t   v a l u e s   f o r   w e l l - k n o w n   p a t h s   a n d   f i l e   n a m e s .   T h e   K u b e r n e t e s   d i r e c t o r y   / e t c / k u b e r n e t e s   i s   a   c o n s t a n t   i n   t h e   a p p l i c a t i o n ,   s i n c e   i t   i s   c l e a r l y   t h e   g i v e n   p a t h   i n   a   m a j o r i t y   o f   c a s e s ,   a n d   t h e   m o s t   i n t u i t i v e   l o c a t i o n ;   o t h e r   c o n s t a n t   p a t h s   a n d   f i l e   n a m e s   a r e :   / e t c / k u b e r n e t e s / m a n i f e s t s   a s   t h e   p a t h   w h e r e   t h e   k u b e l e t   s h o u l d   l o o k   f o r   s t a t i c   P o d   m a n i f e s t s .   N a m e s   o f   s t a t i c   P o d   m a n i f e s t s   a r e : e t c d . y a m l k u b e - a p i s e r v e r . y a m l k u b e - c o n t r o l l e r - m a n a g e r . y a m l k u b e - s c h e d u l e r . y a m l / e t c / k u b e r n e t e s /   a s   t h e   p a t h   w h e r e   k u b e c o n f i g   f i l e s   w i t h   i d e n t i t i e s   f o r   c o n t r o l   p l a n e   c o m p o n e n t s   a r e   s t o r e d .   N a m e s   o f   k u b e c o n f i g   f i l e s   a r e : k u b e l e t . c o n f   ( b o o t s t r a p - k u b e l e t . c o n f   d u r i n g   T L S   b o o t s t r a p ) c o n t r o l l e r - m a n a g e r . c o n f s c h e d u l e r . c o n f a d m i n . c o n f   f o r   t h e   c l u s t e r   a d m i n   a n d   k u b e a d m   i t s e l f s u p e r - a d m i n . c o n f   f o r   t h e   c l u s t e r   s u p e r - a d m i n   t h a t   c a n   b y p a s s   R B A C N a m e s   o f   c e r t i f i c a t e s   a n d   k e y   f i l e s : c a . c r t ,   c a . k e y


Question: What is The kubeadm configuration file format?

Answer: M o s t   k u b e a d m   c o m m a n d s   s u p p o r t   a   - - c o n f i g   f l a g   w h i c h   a l l o w s   p a s s i n g   a   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   f i l e   f r o m   d i s k .   T h e   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   f i l e   f o r m a t   f o l l o w s   t h e   c o m m o n   K u b e r n e t e s   A P I   a p i V e r s i o n   /   k i n d   s c h e m e ,   b u t   i s   c o n s i d e r e d   a   c o m p o n e n t   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   f o r m a t .   S e v e r a l   K u b e r n e t e s   c o m p o n e n t s ,   s u c h   a s   t h e   k u b e l e t ,   a l s o   s u p p o r t   f i l e - b a s e d   c o n f i g u r a t i o n .   D i f f e r e n t   k u b e a d m   s u b c o m m a n d s   r e q u i r e   a   d i f f e r e n t   k i n d   o f   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   f i l e .   F o r   e x a m p l e ,   I n i t C o n f i g u r a t i o n   f o r   k u b e a d m   i n i t ,   J o i n C o n f i g u r a t i o n   f o r   k u b e a d m   j o i n ,   U p g r a d e C o n f i g u r a t i o n   f o r   k u b e a d m   u p g r a d e   a n d   R e s e t C o n f i g u r a t i o n   f o r   k u b e a d m   r e s e t .   T h e   c o m m a n d   k u b e a d m   c o n f i g   m i g r a t e   c a n   b e   u s e d   t o   m i g r a t e   a n   o l d e r   f o r m a t   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   f i l e   t o   a   n e w e r   ( c u r r e n t )   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   f o r m a t .   T h e   k u b e a d m   t o o l   o n l y   s u p p o r t s   m i g r a t i n g   f r o m   d e p r e c a t e d   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   f o r m a t s   t o   t h e   c u r r e n t   f o r m a t .   S e e   t h e   k u b e a d m   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   r e f e r e n c e   p a g e   f o r   m o r e   d e t a i l s .


Question: What is kubeadm init workflow internal design?

Answer: T h e   k u b e a d m   i n i t   c o n s i s t s   o f   a   s e q u e n c e   o f   a t o m i c   w o r k   t a s k s   t o   p e r f o r m ,   a s   d e s c r i b e d   i n   t h e   k u b e a d m   i n i t   i n t e r n a l   w o r k f l o w .   T h e   k u b e a d m   i n i t   p h a s e   c o m m a n d   a l l o w s   u s e r s   t o   i n v o k e   e a c h   t a s k   i n d i v i d u a l l y ,   a n d   u l t i m a t e l y   o f f e r s   a   r e u s a b l e   a n d   c o m p o s a b l e   A P I / t o o l b o x   t h a t   c a n   b e   u s e d   b y   o t h e r   K u b e r n e t e s   b o o t s t r a p   t o o l s ,   b y   a n y   I T   a u t o m a t i o n   t o o l   o r   b y   a n   a d v a n c e d   u s e r   f o r   c r e a t i n g   c u s t o m   c l u s t e r s .


Question: What is Preflight checks?

Answer: K u b e a d m   e x e c u t e s   a   s e t   o f   p r e f l i g h t   c h e c k s   b e f o r e   s t a r t i n g   t h e   i n i t ,   w i t h   t h e   a i m   t o   v e r i f y   p r e c o n d i t i o n s   a n d   a v o i d   c o m m o n   c l u s t e r   s t a r t u p   p r o b l e m s .   T h e   u s e r   c a n   s k i p   s p e c i f i c   p r e f l i g h t   c h e c k s   o r   a l l   o f   t h e m   w i t h   t h e   - - i g n o r e - p r e f l i g h t - e r r o r s   o p t i o n .   [ W a r n i n g ]   i f   t h e   K u b e r n e t e s   v e r s i o n   t o   u s e   ( s p e c i f i e d   w i t h   t h e   - - k u b e r n e t e s - v e r s i o n   f l a g )   i s   a t   l e a s t   o n e   m i n o r   v e r s i o n   h i g h e r   t h a n   t h e   k u b e a d m   C L I   v e r s i o n . K u b e r n e t e s   s y s t e m   r e q u i r e m e n t s : i f   r u n n i n g   o n   l i n u x : [ E r r o r ]   i f   K e r n e l   i s   o l d e r   t h a n   t h e   m i n i m u m   r e q u i r e d   v e r s i o n [ E r r o r ]   i f   r e q u i r e d   c g r o u p s   s u b s y s t e m   a r e n ' t   s e t   u p [ E r r o r ]   i f   t h e   C R I   e n d p o i n t   d o e s   n o t   a n s w e r [ E r r o r ]   i f   u s e r   i s   n o t   r o o t [ E r r o r ]   i f   t h e   m a c h i n e   h o s t n a m e   i s   n o t   a   v a l i d   D N S   s u b d o m a i n [ W a r n i n g ]   i f   t h e   h o s t   n a m e   c a n n o t   b e   r e a c h e d   v i a   n e t w o r k   l o o k u p [ E r r o r ]   i f   k u b e l e t   v e r s i o n   i s   l o w e r   t h a t   t h e   m i n i m u m   k u b e l e t   v e r s i o n   s u p p o r t e d   b y   k u b e a d m   ( c u r r e n t   m i n o r   - 1 ) [ E r r o r ]   i f   k u b e l e t   v e r s i o n   i s   a t   l e a s t   o n e   m i n o r   h i g h e r   t h a n   t h e   r e q u i r e d   c o n t r o l p l a n e   v e r s i o n   ( u n s u p p o r t e d   v e r s i o n   s k e w ) [ W a r n i n g ]


Question: What is Generate the necessary certificates?

Answer: K u b e a d m   g e n e r a t e s   c e r t i f i c a t e   a n d   p r i v a t e   k e y   p a i r s   f o r   d i f f e r e n t   p u r p o s e s :   A   s e l f   s i g n e d   c e r t i f i c a t e   a u t h o r i t y   f o r   t h e   K u b e r n e t e s   c l u s t e r   s a v e d   i n t o   c a . c r t   f i l e   a n d   c a . k e y   p r i v a t e   k e y   f i l e A   s e r v i n g   c e r t i f i c a t e   f o r   t h e   A P I   s e r v e r ,   g e n e r a t e d   u s i n g   c a . c r t   a s   t h e   C A ,   a n d   s a v e d   i n t o   a p i s e r v e r . c r t   f i l e   w i t h   i t s   p r i v a t e   k e y   a p i s e r v e r . k e y .   T h i s   c e r t i f i c a t e   s h o u l d   c o n t a i n   t h e   f o l l o w i n g   a l t e r n a t i v e   n a m e s : T h e   K u b e r n e t e s   s e r v i c e ' s   i n t e r n a l   c l u s t e r I P   ( t h e   f i r s t   a d d r e s s   i n   t h e   s e r v i c e s   C I D R ,   e . g .   1 0 . 9 6 . 0 . 1   i f   s e r v i c e   s u b n e t   i s   1 0 . 9 6 . 0 . 0 / 1 2 ) K u b e r n e t e s   D N S   n a m e s ,   e . g .   k u b e r n e t e s . d e f a u l t . s v c . c l u s t e r . l o c a l   i f   - - s e r v i c e - d n s - d o m a i n   f l a g   v a l u e   i s   c l u s t e r . l o c a l ,   p l u s   d e f a u l t   D N S   n a m e s   k u b e r n e t e s . d e f a u l t . s v c ,   k u b e r n e t e s . d e f a u l t ,   k u b e r n e t e s T h e   n o d e - n a m e T h e   - - a p i s e r v e r - a d v e r t i s e - a d d r e s s A d d i t i o n a l   a l t e r n a t i v e   n a m e s   s p e c i f i e d   b y   t h e   u s e r A   c l i e n t   c e r t i f i c a t e   f o r   t h e   A P I   s e r v e r   t o   c o n n e c t   t o   t h e   k u b e l e t s   s e c u r e l y ,   g e n e r a t e d   u s i n g   c a . c r t   a s   t h e   C A   a n d   s a v e d   i n t o   a p i s e r v e r - k u b e l e t - c l i e n t . c r t   f i l e   w i t h   i t s   p r i v a t e   k


Question: What is Generate kubeconfig files for control plane components?

Answer: K u b e a d m   g e n e r a t e s   k u b e c o n f i g   f i l e s   w i t h   i d e n t i t i e s   f o r   c o n t r o l   p l a n e   c o m p o n e n t s :   A   k u b e c o n f i g   f i l e   f o r   t h e   k u b e l e t   t o   u s e   d u r i n g   T L S   b o o t s t r a p   -   / e t c / k u b e r n e t e s / b o o t s t r a p - k u b e l e t . c o n f .   I n s i d e   t h i s   f i l e ,   t h e r e   i s   a   b o o t s t r a p - t o k e n   o r   e m b e d d e d   c l i e n t   c e r t i f i c a t e s   f o r   a u t h e n t i c a t i n g   t h i s   n o d e   w i t h   t h e   c l u s t e r . T h i s   c l i e n t   c e r t i f i c a t e   s h o u l d : B e   i n   t h e   s y s t e m : n o d e s   o r g a n i z a t i o n ,   a s   r e q u i r e d   b y   t h e   N o d e   A u t h o r i z a t i o n   m o d u l e H a v e   t h e   C o m m o n   N a m e   ( C N )   s y s t e m : n o d e : < h o s t n a m e - l o w e r c a s e d > A   k u b e c o n f i g   f i l e   f o r   c o n t r o l l e r - m a n a g e r ,   / e t c / k u b e r n e t e s / c o n t r o l l e r - m a n a g e r . c o n f ;   i n s i d e   t h i s   f i l e   i s   e m b e d d e d   a   c l i e n t   c e r t i f i c a t e   w i t h   c o n t r o l l e r - m a n a g e r   i d e n t i t y .   T h i s   c l i e n t   c e r t i f i c a t e   s h o u l d   h a v e   t h e   C N   s y s t e m : k u b e - c o n t r o l l e r - m a n a g e r ,   a s   d e f i n e d   b y   d e f a u l t   R B A C   c o r e   c o m p o n e n t s   r o l e s A   k u b e c o n f i g   f i l e   f o r   s c h e d u l e r ,   / e t c / k u b e r n e t e s / s c h e d u l e r . c o n f ;   i n s i d e   t h i s   f i l e   i s   e m b e d d e d   a   c l i e n t   c e r t i f i c a t e   w i t h   s c h e d u l e r   i d e n t i t y .   T h i s   c l i e n t   c e r t i f i c a t e   s h o u l d   h a v e   t h e   C N   s y s t e m : k u b e - s c h e d u l e r ,   a s   d e f i n e d   b y   d e f a u l t   R B A


Question: What is Caution:?

Answer: A l s o   n o t e   t h a t :   c a . c r t   c e r t i f i c a t e   i s   e m b e d d e d   i n   a l l   t h e   k u b e c o n f i g   f i l e s . I f   a   g i v e n   k u b e c o n f i g   f i l e   e x i s t s ,   a n d   i t s   c o n t e n t   i s   e v a l u a t e d   a s   c o m p l i a n t   w i t h   t h e   a b o v e   s p e c s ,   t h e   e x i s t i n g   f i l e   w i l l   b e   u s e d   a n d   t h e   g e n e r a t i o n   p h a s e   f o r   t h e   g i v e n   k u b e c o n f i g   w i l l   b e   s k i p p e d I f   k u b e a d m   i s   r u n n i n g   i n   E x t e r n a l C A   m o d e ,   a l l   t h e   r e q u i r e d   k u b e c o n f i g   m u s t   b e   p r o v i d e d   b y   t h e   u s e r   a s   w e l l ,   b e c a u s e   k u b e a d m   c a n n o t   g e n e r a t e   a n y   o f   t h e m   b y   i t s e l f I n   c a s e   k u b e a d m   i s   e x e c u t e d   i n   t h e   - - d r y - r u n   m o d e ,   k u b e c o n f i g   f i l e s   a r e   w r i t t e n   i n   a   t e m p o r a r y   f o l d e r G e n e r a t i o n   o f   k u b e c o n f i g   f i l e s   c a n   b e   i n v o k e d   i n d i v i d u a l l y   w i t h   t h e   k u b e a d m   i n i t   p h a s e   k u b e c o n f i g   a l l   c o m m a n d


Question: What is Generate static Pod manifests for control plane components?

Answer: K u b e a d m   w r i t e s   s t a t i c   P o d   m a n i f e s t   f i l e s   f o r   c o n t r o l   p l a n e   c o m p o n e n t s   t o   / e t c / k u b e r n e t e s / m a n i f e s t s .   T h e   k u b e l e t   w a t c h e s   t h i s   d i r e c t o r y   f o r   P o d s   t o   b e   c r e a t e d   o n   s t a r t u p .   S t a t i c   P o d   m a n i f e s t s   s h a r e   a   s e t   o f   c o m m o n   p r o p e r t i e s :   A l l   s t a t i c   P o d s   a r e   d e p l o y e d   o n   k u b e - s y s t e m   n a m e s p a c e A l l   s t a t i c   P o d s   g e t   t i e r : c o n t r o l - p l a n e   a n d   c o m p o n e n t : { c o m p o n e n t - n a m e }   l a b e l s A l l   s t a t i c   P o d s   u s e   t h e   s y s t e m - n o d e - c r i t i c a l   p r i o r i t y   c l a s s h o s t N e t w o r k :   t r u e   i s   s e t   o n   a l l   s t a t i c   P o d s   t o   a l l o w   c o n t r o l   p l a n e   s t a r t u p   b e f o r e   a   n e t w o r k   i s   c o n f i g u r e d ;   a s   a   c o n s e q u e n c e : T h e   a d d r e s s   t h a t   t h e   c o n t r o l l e r - m a n a g e r   a n d   t h e   s c h e d u l e r   u s e   t o   r e f e r   t o   t h e   A P I   s e r v e r   i s   1 2 7 . 0 . 0 . 1 I f   t h e   e t c d   s e r v e r   i s   s e t   u p   l o c a l l y ,   t h e   e t c d - s e r v e r   a d d r e s s   w i l l   b e   s e t   t o   1 2 7 . 0 . 0 . 1 : 2 3 7 9 L e a d e r   e l e c t i o n   i s   e n a b l e d   f o r   b o t h   t h e   c o n t r o l l e r - m a n a g e r   a n d   t h e   s c h e d u l e r C o n t r o l l e r - m a n a g e r   a n d   t h e   s c h e d u l e r   w i l l   r e f e r e n c e   k u b e c o n f i g   f i l e s   w i t h   t h e i r   r e s p e c t i v e ,   u n i q u e   i d e n t i t i e s A l l   s t a t i c   P o d s   g e t   a n y   e x t r a   f l a g s   o r   p a t c h e s   t h a t   y o u   s p e c i f y ,   a s   d e s c r i b e d   i n   p a s s i


Question: What is API server?

Answer: T h e   s t a t i c   P o d   m a n i f e s t   f o r   t h e   A P I   s e r v e r   i s   a f f e c t e d   b y   t h e   f o l l o w i n g   p a r a m e t e r s   p r o v i d e d   b y   t h e   u s e r s :   T h e   a p i s e r v e r - a d v e r t i s e - a d d r e s s   a n d   a p i s e r v e r - b i n d - p o r t   t o   b i n d   t o ;   i f   n o t   p r o v i d e d ,   t h o s e   v a l u e s   d e f a u l t   t o   t h e   I P   a d d r e s s   o f   t h e   d e f a u l t   n e t w o r k   i n t e r f a c e   o n   t h e   m a c h i n e   a n d   p o r t   6 4 4 3 T h e   s e r v i c e - c l u s t e r - i p - r a n g e   t o   u s e   f o r   s e r v i c e s I f   a n   e x t e r n a l   e t c d   s e r v e r   i s   s p e c i f i e d ,   t h e   e t c d - s e r v e r s   a d d r e s s   a n d   r e l a t e d   T L S   s e t t i n g s   ( e t c d - c a f i l e ,   e t c d - c e r t f i l e ,   e t c d - k e y f i l e ) ;   i f   a n   e x t e r n a l   e t c d   s e r v e r   i s   n o t   p r o v i d e d ,   a   l o c a l   e t c d   w i l l   b e   u s e d   ( v i a   h o s t   n e t w o r k ) I f   a   c l o u d   p r o v i d e r   i s   s p e c i f i e d ,   t h e   c o r r e s p o n d i n g   - - c l o u d - p r o v i d e r   p a r a m e t e r   i s   c o n f i g u r e d   t o g e t h e r   w i t h   t h e   - - c l o u d - c o n f i g   p a t h   i f   s u c h   f i l e   e x i s t s   ( t h i s   i s   e x p e r i m e n t a l ,   a l p h a   a n d   w i l l   b e   r e m o v e d   i n   a   f u t u r e   v e r s i o n )   O t h e r   A P I   s e r v e r   f l a g s   t h a t   a r e   s e t   u n c o n d i t i o n a l l y   a r e :   - - i n s e c u r e - p o r t = 0   t o   a v o i d   i n s e c u r e   c o n n e c t i o n s   t o   t h e   a p i   s e r v e r - - e n a b l e - b o o t s t r a p - t o k e n - a u t h = t r u e   t o   e n a b l e   t h e   B o o t s t r a p T o k e n A u t h e n t i c a t o r   a u t h e n t i c a t i o n   m o d


Question: What is Controller manager?

Answer: T h e   s t a t i c   P o d   m a n i f e s t   f o r   t h e   c o n t r o l l e r   m a n a g e r   i s   a f f e c t e d   b y   f o l l o w i n g   p a r a m e t e r s   p r o v i d e d   b y   t h e   u s e r s :   I f   k u b e a d m   i s   i n v o k e d   s p e c i f y i n g   a   - - p o d - n e t w o r k - c i d r ,   t h e   s u b n e t   m a n a g e r   f e a t u r e   r e q u i r e d   f o r   s o m e   C N I   n e t w o r k   p l u g i n s   i s   e n a b l e d   b y   s e t t i n g : - - a l l o c a t e - n o d e - c i d r s = t r u e - - c l u s t e r - c i d r   a n d   - - n o d e - c i d r - m a s k - s i z e   f l a g s   a c c o r d i n g   t o   t h e   g i v e n   C I D R   I f   k u b e a d m   i s   i n v o k e d   s p e c i f y i n g   a   - - p o d - n e t w o r k - c i d r ,   t h e   s u b n e t   m a n a g e r   f e a t u r e   r e q u i r e d   f o r   s o m e   C N I   n e t w o r k   p l u g i n s   i s   e n a b l e d   b y   s e t t i n g :   - - a l l o c a t e - n o d e - c i d r s = t r u e - - c l u s t e r - c i d r   a n d   - - n o d e - c i d r - m a s k - s i z e   f l a g s   a c c o r d i n g   t o   t h e   g i v e n   C I D R   O t h e r   f l a g s   t h a t   a r e   s e t   u n c o n d i t i o n a l l y   a r e :   - - c o n t r o l l e r s   e n a b l i n g   a l l   t h e   d e f a u l t   c o n t r o l l e r s   p l u s   B o o t s t r a p S i g n e r   a n d   T o k e n C l e a n e r   c o n t r o l l e r s   f o r   T L S   b o o t s t r a p .   S e e   T L S   B o o t s t r a p p i n g   f o r   m o r e   d e t a i l s . - - u s e - s e r v i c e - a c c o u n t - c r e d e n t i a l s   t o   t r u e F l a g s   f o r   u s i n g   c e r t i f i c a t e s   g e n e r a t e d   i n   p r e v i o u s   s t e p s : - - r o o t - c a - f i l e   t o   c a . c r t - - c l u s t e r - s i g n i n g - c e r t - f i l e   t o   c a . c r t ,   i f   E x t e r n a l   C A   m o d e   i s   d i s a b l e d ,   o t h e


Question: What is Scheduler?

Answer: T h e   s t a t i c   P o d   m a n i f e s t   f o r   t h e   s c h e d u l e r   i s   n o t   a f f e c t e d   b y   p a r a m e t e r s   p r o v i d e d   b y   t h e   u s e r .


Question: What is Generate static Pod manifest for local etcd?

Answer: I f   y o u   s p e c i f i e d   a n   e x t e r n a l   e t c d ,   t h i s   s t e p   w i l l   b e   s k i p p e d ,   o t h e r w i s e   k u b e a d m   g e n e r a t e s   a   s t a t i c   P o d   m a n i f e s t   f i l e   f o r   c r e a t i n g   a   l o c a l   e t c d   i n s t a n c e   r u n n i n g   i n   a   P o d   w i t h   f o l l o w i n g   a t t r i b u t e s :   l i s t e n   o n   l o c a l h o s t : 2 3 7 9   a n d   u s e   H o s t N e t w o r k = t r u e m a k e   a   h o s t P a t h   m o u n t   o u t   f r o m   t h e   d a t a D i r   t o   t h e   h o s t ' s   f i l e s y s t e m A n y   e x t r a   f l a g s   s p e c i f i e d   b y   t h e   u s e r   P l e a s e   n o t e   t h a t :   T h e   e t c d   c o n t a i n e r   i m a g e   w i l l   b e   p u l l e d   f r o m   r e g i s t r y . g c r . i o   b y   d e f a u l t .   S e e   u s i n g   c u s t o m   i m a g e s   f o r   c u s t o m i z i n g   t h e   i m a g e   r e p o s i t o r y . I f   y o u   r u n   k u b e a d m   i n   - - d r y - r u n   m o d e ,   t h e   e t c d   s t a t i c   P o d   m a n i f e s t   i s   w r i t t e n   i n t o   a   t e m p o r a r y   f o l d e r . Y o u   c a n   d i r e c t l y   i n v o k e   s t a t i c   P o d   m a n i f e s t   g e n e r a t i o n   f o r   l o c a l   e t c d ,   u s i n g   t h e   k u b e a d m   i n i t   p h a s e   e t c d   l o c a l   c o m m a n d .


Question: What is Wait for the control plane to come up?

Answer: O n   c o n t r o l   p l a n e   n o d e s ,   k u b e a d m   w a i t s   u p   t o   4   m i n u t e s   f o r   t h e   c o n t r o l   p l a n e   c o m p o n e n t s   a n d   t h e   k u b e l e t   t o   b e   a v a i l a b l e .   I t   d o e s   t h a t   b y   p e r f o r m i n g   a   h e a l t h   c h e c k   o n   t h e   r e s p e c t i v e   c o m p o n e n t   / h e a l t h z   o r   / l i v e z   e n d p o i n t s .   A f t e r   t h e   c o n t r o l   p l a n e   i s   u p ,   k u b e a d m   c o m p l e t e s   t h e   t a s k s   d e s c r i b e d   i n   f o l l o w i n g   p a r a g r a p h s .


Question: What is Save the kubeadm ClusterConfiguration in a ConfigMap for later reference?

Answer: k u b e a d m   s a v e s   t h e   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   p a s s e d   t o   k u b e a d m   i n i t   i n   a   C o n f i g M a p   n a m e d   k u b e a d m - c o n f i g   u n d e r   k u b e - s y s t e m   n a m e s p a c e .   T h i s   w i l l   e n s u r e   t h a t   k u b e a d m   a c t i o n s   e x e c u t e d   i n   f u t u r e   ( e . g   k u b e a d m   u p g r a d e )   w i l l   b e   a b l e   t o   d e t e r m i n e   t h e   a c t u a l / c u r r e n t   c l u s t e r   s t a t e   a n d   m a k e   n e w   d e c i s i o n s   b a s e d   o n   t h a t   d a t a .   P l e a s e   n o t e   t h a t :   B e f o r e   s a v i n g   t h e   C l u s t e r C o n f i g u r a t i o n ,   s e n s i t i v e   i n f o r m a t i o n   l i k e   t h e   t o k e n   i s   s t r i p p e d   f r o m   t h e   c o n f i g u r a t i o n U p l o a d   o f   c o n t r o l   p l a n e   n o d e   c o n f i g u r a t i o n   c a n   b e   i n v o k e d   i n d i v i d u a l l y   w i t h   t h e   c o m m a n d   k u b e a d m   i n i t   p h a s e   u p l o a d - c o n f i g .


Question: What is Mark the node as control-plane?

Answer: A s   s o o n   a s   t h e   c o n t r o l   p l a n e   i s   a v a i l a b l e ,   k u b e a d m   e x e c u t e s   t h e   f o l l o w i n g   a c t i o n s :   L a b e l s   t h e   n o d e   a s   c o n t r o l - p l a n e   w i t h   n o d e - r o l e . k u b e r n e t e s . i o / c o n t r o l - p l a n e = " " T a i n t s   t h e   n o d e   w i t h   n o d e - r o l e . k u b e r n e t e s . i o / c o n t r o l - p l a n e : N o S c h e d u l e   P l e a s e   n o t e   t h a t   t h e   p h a s e   t o   m a r k   t h e   c o n t r o l - p l a n e   p h a s e   c a n   b e   i n v o k e d   i n d i v i d u a l l y   w i t h   t h e   k u b e a d m   i n i t   p h a s e   m a r k - c o n t r o l - p l a n e   c o m m a n d .


Question: What is Configure TLS-Bootstrapping for node joining?

Answer: K u b e a d m   u s e s   A u t h e n t i c a t i n g   w i t h   B o o t s t r a p   T o k e n s   f o r   j o i n i n g   n e w   n o d e s   t o   a n   e x i s t i n g   c l u s t e r ;   f o r   m o r e   d e t a i l s   s e e   a l s o   d e s i g n   p r o p o s a l .   k u b e a d m   i n i t   e n s u r e s   t h a t   e v e r y t h i n g   i s   p r o p e r l y   c o n f i g u r e d   f o r   t h i s   p r o c e s s ,   a n d   t h i s   i n c l u d e s   f o l l o w i n g   s t e p s   a s   w e l l   a s   s e t t i n g   A P I   s e r v e r   a n d   c o n t r o l l e r   f l a g s   a s   a l r e a d y   d e s c r i b e d   i n   p r e v i o u s   p a r a g r a p h s .