1. Introduction

2. Background

3. Our Method

4. Machine Learning for NLP

5. Syntax and Grammar

6. Semantics

7. Information Extraction

8. Sentiment Analysis and Argument Mining

9. Authorship Analysis

10. Ethics and NLP

11. Question Answering

12. Machine Translation, Multilingualism, and Cross-Lingual NLP

13. NLP Applications

14. Discussion

15. Conclusions