I. INTRODUCTION  

II. BACKGROUND: MODEL-FREE LEARNING IN THE DOMAINS OF DISTRIBUTED CONTROL AND GAME THEORY  

III. APPLICATIONS OF SINGLE-AGENT-BASED LEARNING IN COGNITIVE WIRELESS NETWORKS  

IV. APPLICATIONS OF LEARNING BASED ON LOOSELY COUPLED MULTI-AGENT SYSTEMS  

V. APPLICATIONS OF GAME-BASED LEARNING IN COGNITIVE WIRELESS NETWORKS  

VI. CHALLENGES AND OPEN ISSUES IN MODEL-FREE LEARNING FOR COGNITIVE RADIO NETWORKS  

VII. CONCLUSION  