I. INTRODUCTION  
II. RECENT STUDIES  
III. SCOPE AND NOMENCLATURE  
IV. LAMBDA CVAS: A REFERENCE ARCHITECTURE  
V. IVA, CONSTITUENTS, AND PREDOMINANT TRENDS  
VI. STATE-OF-THE-ART CVAS  
VII. IVA APPLICATIONS  
VIII. RESEARCH ISSUES, OPPORTUNITIES, AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS  
IX. CONCLUSION  